WilliamBlake的介绍.ppt

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1、William Blake,教育6班第5组 组员：钱婷婷、郭丽娟,Born 28 November 1757)London, England Died 12 August 1827) (aged69)London, England Occupation Writer(poet), painter, printmaker GenresVisionary, poetry Literary movementRomanticism Notable work(s) Songs of Innocence and of Experience, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell,

2、 The Four Zoas, Jerusalem, Milton a Poem, And did those feet in ancient time Spouse(s) Catherine Blake (17821831),Life Point of view Main works and writing features Engravings General cultural influence,1、Life,Born in London on 28 November 1757 As a child ,he was already focused on imagination, the

3、individual, and nature which are themes of the Romantic and Transcendental(超自然的) period. At the age 10,he was enrolled in Henry Pars drawing school. He was exposed to Greek and Roman sculpture, which influenced his later work. At the age of 14,he became an apprentice at an engraving business.,As an

4、engraver, he learned how to make copperplates. that were used as surfaces for etchings. As he continued to develop his skill in visual arts, Black also developed his writing skills. In 1783 ,his first set of poems, Poetical Sketches, was published.,The subject matter of his works were Romantic in th

5、eir nature because they included discussion of nature religion,the individual ,and ideas from his own imagination. Blake died in 1827,Monument near Blakes unmarked grave at Bunhill Fields in London,2、Point of view,Politically Blake was a rebel, making friends with those radicals. He strongly critici

6、zed the capitalists cruel exploitation. He cherished great expectations and enthusiasm for the French Revolution. He once said the dark satanic mills left men unpployed, killed children and forced prostitution. Literarily Blake was the first important romantic poet,showing contempt for the rule of r

7、eason,opposite the classical tradition of the 18th century, and treauring the individuals imagination.,3、Main works and writing features,1 (1) The songs of Innocence (published in 1789) is a lovely volume poems, presenting a happy and innocent world, though not without its evil and sufferings. (2) T

8、he songs of Experience (published in 1794) paints a different world, a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repress with melancholy tone Style: The two books hold the similar subject-matter, but the tone, emphasis and conclusion differs.,第一本诗集Poetical Sketches,Blakes Marriage of Heaven and Hel

9、l(1790) marks his entry into maturity. The Poem was composed during the change of French Revolution and it plays the double role both as a satire and a revolutionary Prophecy. In this Poem, Blake explain the relationship of the contraries. Style: Blake writes his poem in plain and direct language ,h

10、is poem often carries the lyric beauty with immense compressing of meaning. He distrusts the abstractness and tend to embody his views with visual images, symbolism in wide range is also a distinctive feature of his poetry,4、Engravings,Although Blake has become most famous for his relief etching（蚀刻术

11、）, his commercial work largely consisted of intaglio engraving（雕刻凹印）, the standard process of engraving in the eighteenth century in which the artist would incise（切） an image into the copper plate. This was a complex and laborious process, with plates taking months or years to complete, but as Blake

12、s contemporary, John Boydell, realised, such engraving offered a missing link with commerce, enabling artists to connect with a mass audience and so becoming an immensely important activity by the end of the eighteenth century.,Blake also employed intaglio engraving in his own work, most notably for

13、 the illustrations of the Book of Job, completed just before his death. Most critical work has tended to concentrate on Blakes relief etching as a technique because it is the most innovative aspect of his art, but a 2009 study draws attention to Blakes surviving plates, including those for the Book

14、of Job: these demonstrate that he made frequent use of a technique known as repoussage, a means of obliterating mistakes by hammering them out by hitting the back of the plate. Such techniques, typical of engraving work of the time, are very different to the much faster and fluid way of drawing on a

15、 plate that Blake employed for his relief etching, and indicates why the engravings took so long to complete.,The Night of Enitharmons Joy, 1795. Blakes vision of Hecate, Greek goddess of black magic and the underworld,The archetype of the Creator is a familiar image in Blakes work. Here, the demiur

16、gic figure Urizen prays before the world he has forged. The Song of Los is the third in a series of illuminated books painted by Blake and his wife, collectively known as the Continental Prophecies,Blakes The Great Red Dragon and the Woman Clothed with Sun (1805) is one of a series of illustrations

17、of Revelation,5、General cultural influence,Blakes work was neglected for a generation after his death and was almost forgotten when Alexander Gilchrist began work on his biography in the 1860s. The publication of the Life of William Blake rapidly transformed Blakes reputation, in particular as he wa

18、s taken up by Pre-Raphaelites and associated figures, in particular Dante Gabriel Rossetti and Algernon Charles Swinburne. It was in the twentieth century, however, that Blakes work was fully appreciated and his influence increased. Important early and mid twentieth-century scholars involved in enha

19、ncing Blakes standing in literary and artistic circles included S. Foster Damon, Geoffrey Keynes, Northrop Frye, David V. Erdman and G. E. Bentley, Jr.,William Blakes portrait in profile, by John Linnell.,While Blake had a significant role to play in the art and poetry of figures such as Rossetti, i

20、t was during the Modernist period that this work began to influence a wider set of writers and artists. William Butler Yeats, who edited an edition of Blakes collected works in 1893, drew on him for poetic and philosophical ideas, while British surrealist art in particular drew on Blakes conceptions

21、 of non-mimetic, visionary practice in the painting of artists such as Paul Nash and Graham Sutherland.His poetry also came into use by a number of British classical composers such as Benjamin Britten and Ralph Vaughan Williams, who set his works. Modern British composer John Tavener has also set se

22、veral of Blakes poems, including The Tyger and The Lamb.,Blake had an enormous influence on the beat poets of the 1950s and the counterculture of the 1960s, frequently being cited by such seminal figures as beat poet Allen Ginsberg, songwriters Bob Dylan, Jim Morrison, Van Morrison, and English writ

23、er Aldous Huxley. Much of the central conceit of Phillip Pullmans fantasy trilogy His Dark Materials is rooted in the world of Blakes The Marriage of Heaven and Hell. After World War II, Blakes role in popular culture has come to the fore in a variety of areas such as popular music, film, and the gr

24、aphic novel, leading Edward Larrissy to assert that Blake is the Romantic writer who has exerted the most powerful influence on the twentieth century.,The two Holy Thursday,In the poems “Holy Thursday,” by William Blake, one can see two completely different ideas. In the first poem, Blake tries to e

25、xpress an optimistic and hopeful image of innocent children singing to Christ on the day of ascension. The poems rhythm is playful and childish and effectively carries out Blakes image. In contrast, the second poem is negative and pessimistic and it questions the nature or existence of a God. The ch

26、ildren are rejected and abused by society and they are exactly the opposite of the children in the first poem.,First :Holy Thursday,In the first “Holy Thursday,” colorful children are marching into St Pauls cathedral for the celebration of the ascension of Christ. From the footnote, one learns that

27、these children are from the charity schools in London, meaning that they are very poor and probably dont have a family.,Holy Thursday,Twas on a Holy Thursday, their innocent faces clean,Came children walking two and two, in read, and blue, and green:Grey-headed beadles walked before, with wands as w

28、hite as snow,Till into the high dome of Pauls they like Thames waters flow.Oh what a multitude they seemed, these flowers of London town!Seated in companies they sit, with radiance all their own.The hum of multitudes was there, but multitudes of lambs,Thousands of little boys and girls raising their

29、 innocent hands.Now like a mighty wild they raise to heaven the voice of song,Or like harmonious thunderings the seats of heaven among:Beneath them sit the aged man, wise guardians of the poor.Then cherish pity, lest you drive an angel from your door.,SECOND: Holy Thursday,In the second “Holy Thursd

30、ay,” the tone of the poem changes completely. In this poem, Blake says that the children are poor and miserable in an otherwise prosperous environment. He concludes that God must not care about these children since they are forced to live under these conditions.,Holy Thursday,Is this a holy thing to

31、 see, In a rich and fruitful land, Babes reduced to misery, Fed with cold and usurous hand? Is that trembling cry a song? Can it be a song of joy? And so many children poor? It is a land of poverty! And their sun does never shine, And their fields are bleak It is eternal winter there. For whereeer the sun does shine, And whereeer the rain does fall, Babe can never hunger there, Nor poverty the mind appal.,Thank you for watching!,