2019年高考英语一轮巩固达标练题Unit1_5(含解析)(打包5套)新人教版选修6.zip
2019年高考英语一轮巩固达标练题Unit1_5(含解析)(打包5套)新人教版选修6.zip,2019,年高,英语,一轮,巩固,达标,Unit1_5,解析,打包,新人,选修
选修6Unit 1 Art李仕才一、阅读理解。Scientists in Britain have managed to teach bumblebees(大黄蜂) to pull strings to get to food and then pass on what they have learned to others in their colony(群体)showing a high level of intelligence despite their tiny brains.Researchers at Queen Mary University of London said the experiments, often used to test the intelligence of apes (猿) and birds, showed for the first time that some insects are up to the task, and can also pass skills on through several generations.The findings add to the evidence suggesting the ability for culture spread the ability to learn and pass on knowledge and skills may not be exclusive to humans.In the research, published in the journal PLOS Biology on Tuesday, the scientists were able to train 23 out of a group of 40 bees to pull strings with their legs and feet.The strings were attached to discs or artificial flowers containing food at their center but placed under a transparent screen. The bees, spotting the food beneath the screen, learned to pull the flowers out by pulling the string with their legs and feet to be able to get to it.From another group of bees given the chance to solve the task without any training, only two of 110 were successful.Another group of bees was then allowed to observe the trained bees pulling the strings, and 60 percent of them successfully learned the skill. Finally, trained bees were put in colonies, and the scientists found the technique spread successfully to a majority of the colonys worker bees.Lars Chittka, a Queen Mary University professor who guided the project, said the team is interested in figuring out the brain processes behind the bees learning and teaching skills.1.What does the underlined word exclusive in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Ordinary. B. Unique. C. Beneficial. D. Widespread.2.What did the researchers find about bees?A. Bees learn best in insects.B. Bees are as clever as birds.C. Bees are born good learners.D. Bees can be trained to learn skills.3.What may the research team focus on next?A. What else bees can do. B. Where bees learn skills.C. How bees teach others. D. How bees brain work.4.What may be the best title for the text?A. Small bees, great abilities B. Bees can learn and teachC. Bees are smarter D. Let bees learn【文章大意】本文为说明文,属于科普类文章。介绍了大黄蜂有学习能力,还会传播自己学到的知识。1.B 【解析】猜测词义题。依据第二段可知,大黄蜂也具有学习并传播所学知识的能力,结合第三段本句话可知,这种能力并非人类独有的,故选B项。2.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三、四、五、六、七段可知,蜜蜂可以被训练学习技能。D项正确。4.B 【解析】主旨大意题。综合全文尤其第一段可知,文章主要介绍一项科学发现,大黄蜂也可以学习并传播所学技能,故选B项。二、语法填空。Has anyone ever thrown a party for you? Those parties _1_ birthday parties and wedding ceremonies are usually fun, and encountering friends we arent expecting _2_ be a wonderful treat as well. People are often surprised by new mails, or _3_ (see) an old friend at a grocery store. There are many kinds of ways that joy unexpectedly comes into our life.Perhaps even better is a blessing in disguise. Assume that you are walking in the rain to a bookstore because your _4_ (favor) author is going to hold a meeting for her new book. You walk for an hour, and arrive completely wet. _5_ you walk into the bookstore, you are told that the author is sick and wont be there. _6_ a disappointment!_7_ when you look across the room, you may see a friend with whom you havent talked in a year. Then you two agree to cross the street together to _8_ coffee shop, and talk for hours. The authors _9_ (sick) is unfortunate for you, but if she _10_ (be) not sick, you might not have coffee with your old friend. It is a blessing in disguise.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。生活总会给我们许多惊喜。你冒着雨去与自己最喜欢的作者见面,却被告知作者生病不能前来,但你却无意中遇到了自己多日不见的朋友,这就是我们生活中的惊喜。1like考查介词。由设空前的parties和设空后表示举例的名词可知,应填like “例如;像”。2can考查情态动词。由设空前的“arent expecting”和空后的“as well”可知,应填表示理论上的可能性的can。3seeing考查非谓语动词。此处表示收到邮件或在杂货店见到老朋友都会让人感到意外。空处作介词by的宾语,故应使用see的动名词形式seeing。4favorite考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词author,指最喜欢的作家,故用favorite。5When/After考查状语从句的连接词。此处指当/在你走进书店时/之后,故填When/After。6What考查感叹句的引导词。“Whata/an形容词单数名词主语谓语”为固定句型,在表意清楚的情况下,主语和谓语常常被省略,故此处用What。7But考查连词。根据上下文语境可知,此处表示转折,故用But。8a考查冠词。此处指“一个咖啡店”,表泛指,故用不定冠词a。9sickness考查词性转换。由上文中的“the author is sick”可知此处表示作者生病了,再由空前的“authors”可知此处应用名词。10were考查虚拟语气。此处表示要是你喜欢的作者现在没有生病,你可能就没有机会和老朋友喝咖啡了。表示与现在事实相反的假设,所以应用were。三、完形填空。阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。It was 3 am,a cold and wet night,on August 21,2010.I had just left a local club to travel ten kilometers home when I lost _1_ of my car on Grand Junction Road in Hope Valley.I _2_ into a still car that was _3_ in front of a house,and then hit a tree.I was badly injured!_4_ still,I had no idea that a fire had started _5_ the bonnet (引擎盖)of my car._6_ in the car behind me was a young man,who I later found out was called Jared.He saw the accident occur and _7_ to help me out of the car.He put his own life in _8_ when he got into the back seat trying to undo my seat belt.With my seat belt _9_ ,Jared then broke the drivers window to drag me out.He _10_ did this while my car was burning._11_ by the crash,the homeowners came out to investigate(调查)Jared told them to ring emergency services _12_ he continued to help me out of the car.I _13_ my life to Jared and I consider him a good friend due to the _14_ bond created on the night he dragged me to safety.I was rushed to the Royal Adelaide Hospital in a _15_ condition,five bones broken.I spent a few weeks in hospital,during which time Jared visited me to see how I was _16_.He also continued to contact me after I returned home.He says he doesnt believe that he did anything special.On that,I _17_ disagree with him and am very glad that he didnt get hurt in the _18_.Today,nearly seven years later,Jared and I still _19_ and often talk about the events of that night.Jared is my _20_ and my friend.1A.balance BsightCinterest Dcontrol2A.got BsteppedCcrashed Dhid3A.kept BparkedCfound Dstood4A.Worse BLuckilyCClearly DBadly5A.off BunderCnear Dbeyond6A.Sitting BSleepingCDriving DWaiting7A.stopped BfailedChappened Dhesitated8A.practice BhandCsafety Ddanger9A.renewed BundoneCrepaired Dfastened10A.hardly BgraduallyCbravely Dnaturally11A.Annoyed BDraggedCWarned DWoken12A.while BalthoughCuntil Dsince13A.devote BoweCtake Dsave14A.bloody BsocialCspecial Dloose15A.nervous BpleasantCnormal Dserious16A.recovering BoperatingCstruggling Drelaxing17A.eventually BexactlyCtotally Dprobably18A.spot BprocessCway Dchallenge19A.take care Bfit inCdrop in on Dkeep in touch20A.angel BownerCdoctor Ddriver【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。七年前的一个夜晚,“我”的车失控撞到前面的车辆和树木,然后起火,“我”受了重伤,“我”后边的车里的年轻人勇敢将“我”从车里救出来并把“我”送到医院。“我”康复后和那个年轻人成了好朋友。1D考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“hit a tree”可推知,“我”的车失控了。lose control of.为固定短语,意为“对失去控制”,符合语境。故选D。2C考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“hit a tree.I was badly injured!”可推知,“我”撞上了一辆车。“crash into”为固定短语,意为“撞上”。故选C。3B考查动词辨析。根据本句中的“a still car”和空格后的“in front of a house”可推知,“我”撞上了一辆停在房子前面的车。B项意为“停放(汽车等)”,符合语境。故选B。4A考查副词辨析。根据本句中的“I had no idea that a fire had started.”可推知,撞车本来就是一件很糟糕的事,而着火则令事情更加糟糕。worse still意为“更糟糕的是”,符合语境。故选A。5B考查介词辨析。根据本句中的“the bonnet(引擎盖)of my car”可推知,车的引擎盖下面着火了,而作者并不知情。B项意为“在下面”,符合语境。故选B。6C考查动词辨析。根据下文“He saw the accident occur.”及语境可知,这个年轻人目击了这起事故;由此可推知,他当时应该是在我后面开车。故选C。7A考查动词辨析。根据下文所描述的这个年轻人救“我”的过程可推知,此处是指他停下自己的车然后把“我”从车里救出来。stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”,符合语境。故选A。8D考查名词辨析。根据上文可知,“我”的车撞到了一辆车并起火;由此可推知,这个年轻人是冒着生命危险将“我”从车里拽出来的。put.in danger为固定搭配,意为“将置于危险之中”。故选D。9B考查动词辨析。根据上一段中的“when he got into the back seat trying to undo my seat belt”可推知,他先解开了我的安全带。B项意为“解开,松开”,符合语境。故选B。10C考查副词辨析。根据本句中的“while my car was burning”可推知,当时车还在着火,所以将“我”从车里拽出来很危险,他的这个行为很勇敢。C项意为“勇敢地”,符合语境。故选C。11D考查动词辨析。根据文章第一句中的“It was 3 am, a cold and wet night”可知,此处指这家人被这场事故吵醒。D项意为“弄醒,醒来”,符合语境。故选D。12A考查连词辨析。句意为:Jared告诉他们打急救电话,同时继续把“我”从车中拽出来。while意为“与同时”,强调两件事同时发生。故选A。13B考查动词辨析。此处指“我”能活下来是因为Jared。 owe.to.为固定用法,意为“将归功于”。故选B。14C考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“created on the night he dragged me to safety”可知,此处是指在Jared救“我”的那晚我们就建立了特殊的联系。C项意为“特别的”,符合语境。故选C。15D考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“five bones broken”可知,“我”被送往医院时断了五根骨头;由此可推知,“我”的伤势很严重。D项意为“严重的”,符合语境。故选D。16A考查动词辨析。根据语境及常识可知,Jared来医院是看“我”恢复得怎么样了。A项意为“康复,恢复”,符合语境。故选A。17C考查副词辨析。根据前一句“He says he doesnt believe that he did anything special.”可知,他认为自己并没有做什么特别的事情。而“我”在这一点上完全不同意他的看法,因为他救了“我”的命。C项意为“完全地,全部地”,符合语境。故选C。18B考查名词辨析。此处是指“我”很庆幸他在营救“我”的过程中没有受伤。B项意为“过程”,符合语境。故选B。19D考查动词短语辨析。根据本句中的“often talk about the events of that night”可知,多年后我们仍然保持着联系。D项意为“保持联系”,符合语境。故选D。20A考查名词辨析。根据上文可知,Jared救过“我”的命,因此“我”觉得他是“我”的天使、“我”的朋友。A项意为“天使”,符合语境。故选A。四、短文改错。Dear Dave,Im very glad to receive your letter ask for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here are my advice. Firstly, as a foreigner, you need to go and join the Chinese learning activity group. And the most important thing is to remember as much Chinese words as possibly. Besides, if you really want to improve your listening ability, youd better to read Chinese books, listen to the tapes and radio programs with Chinese. You can watch the Chinese TV programs as well. Last but not least, you can make some Chinese friends. Your friends can teach you a lot Chinese songs and introduce some Chinese festival to you, too.I wish we will have a good time. I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Zhang Hua答案:Dear Dave,Im very glad to receive your letter for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here my advice. Firstly, as a foreigner, you need to go and join Chinese learning activity group. And the most important thing is to remember as Chinese words as . Besides, if you really want to improve your listening ability, youd better read Chinese books, listen to the tapes and radio programs Chinese. You can watch the Chinese TV programs as well. Last but not least, you can make some Chinese friends. Your friends can teach you a lot Chinese songs and introduce some Chinese to you, too.I wish we have a good time. I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Zhang Hua难项分析:第一处:askasking考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处在句中作定语,又与其逻辑主语letter之间是主谓关系,故用现在分词。第五处:possiblypossible考查固定短语。as . as possible是固定用法,意为“尽可能”。第十处:willwould考查虚拟语气。wish后接宾语从句,要用虚拟语气,且此处是表示对将来的假设,故用would。五、七选五 9Unit 2 Poems李仕才一、阅读理解。Few people are aware that Waterloo Bridge, crossed by thousands of daily commuters(通勤者) and celebrated as a London landmark, was mainly built by a female workforce.There are no written or photographic records of the women who built the bridge since the construction company that built it closed in the 1980s and with it went all the records. Whats left is anecdotal evidence, kept alive by the tourist boat captains who have called it the Ladies Bridge.During the Second World War, with the majority of the active male labor force away at the front, women increasingly took on traditionally male roles. By 1944, 25,000 women were working in the construction industry, carrying out backbreaking tasks. These women were permitted to carry out this exhausting and dangerous work on the basis that it would only be temporary and that their pay would be lower than that of men. So the trend in women working in construction and engineering did not continue after the war.September sees a series of events celebrating the unknown work of the large female workforce. Musician Claudia Molitor has created a 45minute musical entitled “the Singing Bridge”, which runs at Somerset House from 9 to 25 September. In late September, the “Light up the Ladies Bridge” event sees the National Theatres fly tower lit up by large scale photographic projections(投影) of female construction workers working in construction during World War .Lets all celebrate the women who have helped to build the cities in which we live.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了英国滑铁卢桥的历史、建造人、纪念活动等。1Why do few people know about the builders of Waterloo Bridge?AThe records of their work have been lost.BFemale workers received little attention.CThe construction took place long ago.DFew people know about the bridge.A解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知,自从20世纪80年代建造该桥的建筑公司倒闭以来,就没有妇女建造该桥的文字或照片记录了,所有的记录随着公司的倒闭都丢失了,故A项正确。2Why did London women do the construction work?AIt was a tradition in London.BThey wanted to get a steady job.CThe company offered them better pay.DMost men had gone to the battlefield.D解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句可知,由于二战期间大部分男子上前线参战,妇女便不得不充当起了男子的角色,故D项正确。3Whats the fourth paragraph mainly about?AThe influence of the bridge on art.BA musicians contribution to the bridge.CThe events in honor of the bridge builders.DWomens work during the Second World War.C解析:段落大意题。通读第四段可知,该段第一句为该段主题句,该段主要介绍了在九月份举行的一系列纪念建桥者的活动,故C项正确。4Which can be the best title for the text?AFemale Workers on the Rise BA Hidden Treasure in LondonCA New London LandmarkDThe Story Behind the Ladies BridgeD解析:标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了英国滑铁卢桥的历史、建造人、纪念活动等,重点介绍了该桥被称为“女士桥”的原因和其背后的故事,故D项最适合作本文标题。二、语法填空。Have you ever heard that we humans use only ten percent of our brains? This myth holds _1_ certain appeal because if it _2_ (be) true, then we could instantly become ten times _3_ (intelligent) just by firing up that sleepy majority of the brain!The idea that we use only a small fraction of the brain dates back to animal experiments in the 19th century. When scientists _4_ (stimulate) a specific part of the brain, the animal moved _5_ (it) leg or tail. And some scientists assumed that large parts of the brain were simply useless.Then, in the early 20th century, scientists observed that stimulating certain regions of the brain had no physical effects, which _6_ (call) the “silent cortex”. Today we know that much of the “silent cortex” is actually devoted to complex activities like language, learning and imagining.Actually, _7_ we sleep, many areas of the brain are extremely active. Would you be smarter if your entire brain constantly worked to maximum capacity? _8_ (interest) enough, the opposite is probably true. The less brain activity you need to perform a _9_ (give) task, the more the brain as a whole is capable _10_ doing.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。我们人类只使用了大脑的百分之十?是否激活沉睡的大部分大脑我们就可以比现在聪明十倍?很遗憾,科学证明事实并不是这样的!1a考查冠词。hold a certain appeal “有一些吸引力”。2were考查虚拟语气。根据空格后的“then we could instantly become .”可知,此处是与现在事实相反的假设,要用虚拟语气,故此处用were。3more intelligent考查形容词的比较级。由设空前的“ten times”可知,此处表示比较,指(比以前)聪明十倍,应填形容词的比较级,而intelligent是多音节形容词,故填more intelligent。4stimulated考查动词的时态。本句描述19世纪科学家所做的实验,因此用一般过去时。5its考查代词。这里its指代the animals。6are called考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。which引导非限制性定语从句,which在从句中指代regions,此处描述一种研究发现,且call与regions是逻辑上的动宾关系,故填are called。7as/when考查连词。这句话的意思是“事实上,当我们睡觉的时候,大脑的很多区域都是极度活跃的”。8Interestingly考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰后面的整个句子,因此此处要用副词Interestingly。9given考查非谓语动词。此处given作定语修饰task,由于give与task之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词。10of考查介词。be capable of doing sth. “有能力做某事”。三、完形填空。阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。After living near Madrid for a year as an au pair (以帮做家务事等换取食宿的人) three years ago, it was nice to _1_ this weekend. I felt like I was at home and thought how _2_ one can be to feel like this in a place that isnt _3_ your home. I now refer to this town as one of my homes from home and have learnt how home is where your _4_ is.A lot of people get homesick and it is a very _5_ feeling when away from _6_ ones and home comforts. _7_, I have learnt that you can feel at home when you are _8_ in that place with people who _9_ you.Through simply embracing every moment, _10_ friends and enjoying a new _11_, you can feel settled in a short amount of time. I did exactly this when moving to Spain for the first time, as positive thoughts tend to bring positive experiences. Luckily enough, I was _12_ with a host family that were very _13_, which helped to ease the process of feeling happy and settled. I now love visiting when I can to see how the children grow up and feel very blessed by being able to _14_ this.Yet again, I am living in Spain on my year abroad, but this time with students and not a(n) _15_, in a different region. Nonetheless, the process of _16_ had been easier, as I feel _17_ the Spanish culture already. Of course when moving away from home you have to _18_ many things that are different in comparison to what you call home. However, this is the _19_ of travelling, exploring and _20_ yourself and a new place. A new place that one day you might be able to call your home too.1A.leave BplanCmove Dvisit2A.proud BluckyCpopular Dreal3A.finally BpossiblyCcompletely Dnecessarily4A.belief BdreamCheart Djob5A.normal BuniqueCstrong Duneasy6A.similar BunusualCloved Drespected7A.However BThereforeCInstead DOtherwise8A.free BpowerfulCavailable Dcomfortable9A.care for Blook forCask for Dwait for10A.missing BmakingCchoosing Daiding11A.idea BcultureChome Dchance12A.chatting BplayingCliving Ddealing13A.wise BhonestCsuccessful Dfriendly14A.change BexperienceCsupport Dimprove15A.teacher BroommateCfamily Dorganization16A.going on Bturning aroundCstepping forward Dsettling in17A.accustomed to Bexcited atCsatisfied with Dinterested in18A.give up Bstart withCadapt to Dcarry out19A.role BsecretCdelight Dsymbol20A.helping BdiscoveringCenjoying Dcontrolling【解题导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者在异国他乡找到了自己的“家”。1D根据最后一段开头的Yet again, I am living in Spain on my year abroad, but this time with students可知,作者重“访(visit)”西班牙。2B根据上文的I felt like I was at home和下文的feel like this可知,在异国他乡能找到家的感觉确实“幸运(lucky)”。3D如果在某个地方“不一定(not necessarily)”就是家能找到家的感觉,那真是幸运。4C根据上文的nice,felt like,feel like可知,作者认识到家就是“心灵(heart)”的归属地。5A根据上文的A lot of people get homesick及常识可知,思乡是一种“正常的(normal)”情感。6C根据上文的homesick可知,一个人远离自己“所爱的(loved)”人和家中的舒适,当然会泛起乡愁。7A下文提到的在异乡也能找到家的感觉与上文意义上发生了转折,故选However。8D9A根据上文的you can feel at home可知,此处意思是,如果在一个地方能与“关爱(care for)”自己的人在一起、觉得比较“舒服(comfortable)”,那自然能找到家的感觉。10B11B根据这两个空所在句中的embracing every moment, enjoying和you can feel settled in a short amount of time可知,如果能珍惜每个瞬间、“交(making)”些朋友、享受新的“文化(culture)”,那很快就能融入当地的生活。12C根据下文的host family可知,“我”与寄宿家庭“生活(living)”在一起。13D根据下文的helped to ease the process of feeling happy and settled可知,寄宿家庭的成员都很“友好(friendly)”。14B根据上文的see how the children grow up可知,能“亲历(experience)”这一过程,作者感到很幸福。15C上文的host family是提示。16D17A因为是第二次来西班牙,所以作者这次“安定(settling in)”下来要比上次更容易些,因为他已经“熟悉(accustomed to)”了当地的文化。18C根据本空所在句中的moving away from home和different in comparison to what you call home可知,背井离乡自然需要“适应(adapt to)”异地不同于家乡的很多方面。19C20B根据However可知,前后表示转折。作者认为虽然需要适应很多新事物,但是这恰巧就是旅游、探索、“发现(discovering)”自我的“乐趣(delight)”所在。四、短文改错。Dear Steven,I would like to invite you to the annually Comingofage Ceremony of our school.This big event would be held in the school auditorium from 9 am to 11 am in March 12. All the Senior Three students are expect to attend it with the company of their parents and teachers.The Comingofage Ceremony is really a good chance for we students to express our gratitude to our beloved parents as well our patient teachers. Meanwhile, it will turn a new page in our life, that means we have grown up and it is time we shoulder more responsibilities for the family and society.Id appreciate it if you could come and share with the unforgettable moment with us. Im looking forward to your arrive!Yours,Li Hua答案:Dear Steven,I would like to invite you to the Comingofage Ceremony of our school.This big event be held in the school auditorium from 9 am to 11 am March 12. All the Senior Three students are to attend it with the company of their parents and teachers.The Comingofage Ceremony is really a good chance for students to express our gratitude to our beloved parents as well our patient teachers. Meanwhile, it will turn a new page in our life, means we have grown up and it is time we more responsibilities for the family and society.Id appreciate it if you could come and share the unforgettable moment with us. Im looking forward to your !Yours,Li Hua难项分析:第四处:expectexpected考查被动语态。expect与Senior Three students之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,因此应用被动语态,故把expect改为expected。第七处:thatwhich考查定语从句的引导词。that不能引导非限制性定语从句,且引导词指代主句整体内容,故只能用which。第八处:shoulder前加should或者shouldershouldered考查虚拟语气。“It is (high) time that从句”结构中,从句谓语动词要用过去式或用“should动词原形”,且should不可省略。五、七选五。 8
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