新目标英语八年级下精解(1-5)

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1、Unit 2 What should I do?目标认知重点词汇：play v. 播放loud adj. 高声的；大声的argue v. 争论，争吵wrong adj. 错误的；有毛病的；不适合的could v. can的过去式ticket n. 票，入场券surprise v. 使惊奇；使意外other adj. 其他的；另外的except prep. 除；把除外fail v. 失败 football n. 足球 until prep. 到为止 fit v. 适合，适应 include v. 包括；包含send v. 发送，寄 themselves pron. 他们自己（反身代词）freed

2、om n. 自由重点词组及句型：1. argue with sb. 与某人争论/辩论2. have an argument with sb. 与某人发生争论3. out of style 不时髦的4. in style 时髦的5. keep out 不让进入6. call sb. up 打电话给7. on the phone 用电话交谈8. pay for 付款9. part-time job 兼职工作10. Teen Talk 青少年论坛11. the same as 与同样的12. get on well with. 与相处地好13. as much as possible 尽可能多14.

3、 all kinds of 各种各样的15. on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面16. borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物17. find out 找出18. be popular at school 在学校受欢迎19. except me 除了我20. have a quick supper 很快地吃晚餐21. notuntil 直到才22. try to do 尽力去做23. complain about doing sth. 抱怨做某事24. seem to do 好像25. comparingwith 把与做比较26

4、. think for 为着想27. find it + adj.+ to do sth. 发现做某事很28. learn to do 学会做某事 29. have a fight with 与打架 30. write sb. a letter 给某人写信 31. a ticket to a ball game 一场球赛的票 32. surprise sb. 使惊讶 33. buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 34. have no idea 不知道 35. have the same haircut 有同样的发型 36. get a tutor 请家教 37. need to do 需要

5、去做 38. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人去做某事 39. leave sth. at home 把某物落在家里 40. fail (in) sth. 做某事失败 41. be the same as 与相同的 42. return sth. 归还某物 43. look upin a dictionary 在字典中查找 44. be/feel under (too much) pressure 感觉处于(太多的)压力之下 45. take sb. from 名词 to 名词 把某人从一个地方带到另一个地方 46. fit as much as possible into

6、 their kids lives 尽可能多地充实到孩子们的生活中来47. nothing new 屡见不鲜 48. push sb hard 厉害地强迫某人49. be always doing 总是在做某事 50. plan to do 计划做某事 51. start from a very young age 从很小的年龄开始 日常用语：学习用于表达建议的句子结构：1. -What should I do? -You could write him a letter.2. - What should he do? - Maybe he should say hes sorry.3. -

7、What should they do? - They shouldnt argue.4. Whats the matter? / Whats wrong?5. Why dont you talk to him about it?精讲巧练1. I dont have enough money. 我没有足够的钱。enough：adj. 充足的、充分的， 在句子中可作定语修饰名词，也可作表语。注意：enough在修饰名词时，置于名词的前后均可例如：Do you have enough time? Five pencils will be enough.随时练【考例】He is old _ to g

8、o to school. A. much B. many C. enough D. more【答案与解析】C。本题中old enough 表示年龄足够大。故本题选C。2. I argued with my best friend. 我与我最好的朋友吵架了。argue with sb. 意为“与争吵，争论”。例如：He often argues with his classmates.【拓展】argue about sth. 意为“为某事而争论”。argument 是argue的名词形式，have an argument with sb.相当于argue with sb.。e.g. I dont

9、 want to argue about the houtse with you. 我不想和你为房子的事争论。 You shouldnt have an argument with your parents about the bike. 你不应该为了自行车的事和你父母争吵。随时练【考例】I _my parents about my hairstyle yesterday evening. A. play B. argue with C. argued with D. to argue with 【答案与解析】C。本题中argue with sb.意为“与争吵，争论”。又因为时间状语是yest

10、erday evening，表示过去的时间，要用一般过去时态，故本题选C。3. My clothes are out of style. 我的衣服过时了。be out of style / fashion表示“过时”“不合乎时尚”。反义词是“be in fashion”表示“合乎时尚”。e.g. The coat is out of style, and I dont like it. My sister is always in fashion.随时练【考例】I dont think my clothes are_. A. be out of style B. out of style C.

11、 out fashion D. to out of style 【答案与解析】B。本题中be out of style / fashion表示“过时”、“不合乎时尚”。因句中已有are，故本题选B。4. Maybe you should call him up.（1）maybe 是副词，用来表示推测，译为“也许，或许，大概”。例如：Maybe you are right. Maybe they will go out for a walk.【拓展】maybe 不同于 may be。 maybe 是一个词，是副词，may be 是情态动词may加上动词原形be，意为“或许”，后接形容词、名词、代

12、词等。例如：It may be true. He may be the man we are looking for.（2）call sb. up 打电话给某人可以与名词、代词连用。连接代词时，把代词放在 call 与 up 之间。例如：Please call me up. Dont forget to call up your uncle. Ill call her up this afternoon.随时练【考例】_you are right. A. Maybe B. Might C. May be D. Might to【答案与解析】A。本题中maybe不同于may be。 maybe

13、是一个词，是副词，may be是情态动词may加上动词原形be，意为“或许”，后接形容词、名词、代词等。故本题选A。5. I dont want to surprise him. 我不想使他惊讶。在这句话中surprise是个行为动词，可以说成surprise sb.，表示“使惊讶”。e.g. The news surprises us greatly.【拓展】surprised adj. 惊讶的 surprising adj. 令人惊讶的例如：Im surprised to hear the news. Its a surprising gift, and I love it.随时练【考例】

14、I was_ when I saw her. A. surprising B. surprised C. surprise D. to surprise【答案与解析】B。本题中surprised adj.惊讶的；surprising adj.令人惊讶的。故本题选B。6. No, he doesnt have any money, either. 不，他也没有钱。either的用法：用作副词，用在否定句或否定词组后加强语气，表示“也”，“而且”。例如：He doesnt like singing, and he doesnt like dancing, either.either用作代词时，常表

15、示“两者之中任何一个”，常与短语连用或用作宾语。例如：I dont like either of the books.随时练【考例】He doesnt like swimming, and he doesnt like boating,_. A. neither B. too C. another D. either【答案与解析】D。本题中either作副词，用在否定句或否定词组后加强语气，表示“也，而且”。而neither用于肯定句中。too用于三者或三者以上。故本题选D。7. I need to get some money to pay for summer camp. 我需要一些钱支付

16、夏令营的费用。（1）need是个情态动词，也可以是行为动词。当它是情态动词时，后边直接加行为动词，表示“需要”，但need作情态动词时一般不用于肯定句。它一般用于否定句和疑问句中，例如： You need repeat it. 你需要重复它。 Need I repeat it? 我有必要重复它吗？简略回答为：Yes, you need. No, you neednt.（2）【拓展】（sb.）pay（money）for sth. 为而付款（sb.）spend（money）on sth. 在上花多少钱（sth.）cost sb.（money） 值钱这三个短语都是表示付款。但pay, spend指的

17、是“人”，主语为人，而cost指的是“物”，主语为“物”。例如说“他昨天花20元买了一本书”。用以上三个短语分别为： He paid 20 yuan for the book yesterday. 他昨天为这本书付了20元钱。 He spent 20 yuan on the book yesterday. 他昨天花了20元钱（买）这本书。 The book cost him 20 yuan yesterday. 这本书花了他20元钱。注意以上三个动词的动词过去式为：pay - paid； spend - spent； cost - cost随时练【考例】- Ive got a new book

18、. - How much did you _it? A. buy B. spend C. pay for D. cost 【答案与解析】C。 (sb.）pay（money）for sth. 为而付款（sb.）spend（money）on sth. 在上花多少钱（sth.）cost sb.（money）值多少钱 故本题选C。8. We get on well. 我们相处得很好。 get on well 相处融洽 get on well with sb. 与某人相处融洽例如：They are getting on well with. 他们友好相处。随时练【考例】I get on well_ my

19、 cousin. A. on B. with C. in D. at【答案与解析】B。本题考查固定搭配get on well with sb. 与某人相处融洽。故本题选B。9. You left your homework at home. 你把作业忘在家了。 leave 遗忘，留下，忘带 例如：The old man left his pocket on the bus. 那位老人把钱包忘在了公交车上。随时练【考例】I _ my pen in my classroom. A. left B. leave C. forget D. forgot【答案与解析】A。本题考查leave sth.+

20、地点。这一结构。故本题选A。10. They are the same as my friends clothes. 它们同我朋友的衣服一样。the same as 意思是“与一样”。例如：He has the same bag as I do. 他和我有同样的书包。随时练【考例】He wears the same clothes_I do. A. like B. as C. on D. in【答案与解析】B。本题考查the same as 意思是“与一样”。这一结构。故本题选B。11. You could borrow some money from your brother. 你可以向你兄

21、弟借点钱。borrow sth from sb. 从谁那里借什么东西。borrow 与 lend 的区别： borrow 借来 lend 借给随时练【考例】Han Mei _ a book from the library a week ago. A. lent B. returned C. borrowedD. wanted【答案与解析】C。本题考查borrow 与lend 的区别。borrow 借来；lend 借给本题的意思是从图书馆借书。故本题选C。12Everyone else in our class was invited except me. 除了我，我们班其他同学都被邀请了。e

22、xcept 是介词，表示“除了”；besides 强调“除了，还有”例如：Except Lily, there are 42 students in our classroom.除丽丽外我们教室里还有42个人。Besides Lily, there are 42 students in our classroom.表示丽丽也在教室，教室里有42个人。随时练【考例】I looked for my pen everywhere _ there A. except B. but C. except for D. besides【答案与解析】A。本题考查 except 与 besides 的区别。ex

23、cept 是介词，表示“除了”；besides 强调“除了，还有”。故本题选A。情态动词本单元重点语法：情态动词 情态动词也可称为“情态助动词”，因为它和基本助动词(be, do, have)都属于助动词类。情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的语气。 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。常用的情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would这九大情态动词；其他的还有ought to, need, dare 等。 一、九大情态动词的时态关系：1. 现在式 can - 过去式 could2

24、. 现在式 may - 过去式 might3. 现在式 shall - 过去式 should4. 现在式 will - 过去式 would5. 现在式 must - 过去式 must （常用had to来代替）二、情态动词表示“可能”或“预测”（1）can 和 could 用于表示“可能”或“预测”：1. He cant be at home. (否定句)他不可能在家。2. Can the news be true? (将情态动词 can 置于主语 the news 前就成疑问句)这消息可能是真的吗?3. Anybody can make mistake. (只表示理论上的可能性)任何人都可能

25、犯错误。在这个单元中我们还学到用could表示建议，这时could不是can的过去式，而表示比should更加委婉的建议。- I need some money to pay for the summer camp.- You should/ could borrow some money from your friends.（2）may 和 might 用于表示“事实上的可能性”或“预测”：1. It may rain tomorrow. (表示可能会发生)明天可能会下雨。2. It may snow later this afternoon. (表示预测)今天下午可能会下雪。3. You

26、might be right. (表示有可能)你可能是对的。（3）will 和 would 用于表示“预测”或“习惯性”：1. I think he will be all right now. (will be 表示一定会)我想他现在一定好了。2. That would be his mother. (would be 表示肯定是)那肯定是他母亲。3. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river. (will 表示经常的)他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。（4）shall 和 should 用于表示“必定”：1. I sha

27、ll be rich one day. (shall be )总有一天我会发达的。2. That should be Sam and his mother. (should be)那准是Sam 和他的母亲。should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。e.g. You should wait a little more. 你应该再多等一会儿。 - I have a very bad cold. 我感冒得很厉害。 - You should lie down and have a rest. 你应该躺下，休息一会儿。（5）must 用于表示“必定”，“必会”：1. This must b

28、e good for you. (must be 肯定)这肯定对你是有益的。2. Mustnt there be a mistake? (mustnt 多用于疑问句)那肯定会有错误吗？三、情态动词表示“许可”、“请求”(can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must)（1）can 和 could 用于表示“许可”、“请求”：1. Can I go with you ? (请求)我能跟你一起走吗？2. Father said I could go to cinema. (表示过去的许可)爸爸说我可以去看电影。3. Could I

29、ask you something? (请求，用 could 比 can 更婉转)我可以问你一件事吗？（2）will 和 would 用于表示“请求”：1. Will you kindly tell me the way to the post office ?(表示客气请求)请问到邮局怎么走？2. Would you give me your address? (用 would 比 will 表示更客气)请你告诉我你的地址，好吗？（3）shall 和 should 用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意见：1. Shall we talk?我们谈谈好吗？2. What should we do ne

30、xt? (用should 比 shall 表示更客气)下一步我们该怎么做？3. Shall he come to see you? (用于第三人称疑问句)要不要他来看你？（4）may 和 might 用于表示“许可”(口语中多用 can ):1. You may take a walk. (表示给予许可)你可以散散步。2. You might read the story for me. (比may更婉转)是否请给我读一读这故事。3.May I make a suggestion?我可以提个建议吗？4. Might I take a look of your work?我看看您的大作行吗？5.

31、 Students may not make noise in the library. (may not 表示不许可或禁止)学生不得在图书馆里吵闹。6. If I may say so, you are not right. (用于条件句，表示请求)你是不对的，如果我可以这么说的话。（5）must 用于表示“禁止”，“不准”：1. Cars must not be parked here. (must not表示不许可)此地不准停车。2. All of you mustnt fishing in the pool. (must not 语气方面比 may not 更强)你们不准在池里钓鱼。

32、语法专练选择填空：1. I _ home until I finish my homework. A. wont goB. will go C. goD. went【答案与解析】A。本题考查的是时态和not-until的句型。所以选A。2 I argued with my best friend You _ say _ to him Ashould；hello Bshould；sorry Ccan；good bye Dcould；hello【答案与解析】B。因为是与朋友吵架了，所以应该说对不起。should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，意为“

33、应该”。should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。因此选B。3 Will you please stay here for the party? Sorry, I _ . Ill have to go to an important meeting. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont 【答案与解析】A。因为有重要的会议要参加，所以不能去，mustnt表示肯定不能，因此选A。4. He asked me _ a post office. A. where could he find B. where to find C. where does

34、he findD. where finding【答案与解析】B。我真的不知道我应该做什么。 where could he find是疑问句语序，做宾语从句应该用陈述句语序。因此选B。5. Lets go out for a walk, OK? _ A. Why not? B. Not at all. C. Never mind. D. No way. 【答案与解析】A。Why not? 是“为什么不呢？” Not at all.是“没关系”。Never mind.是“不介意” ，只有A符合题意。6. Will you please bring me some orange, Lucy? _ A

35、. All right B. Thats right C. No matter D. Thats all. 【答案与解析】A。 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿。All right. 是“可以”；Thats right. 是“对的”； A符合题意。7. Can you go shopping with me tomorrow? _， but I have to study for my English test. A. Id love to B. Its nothing C. Never mind D. It doesnt matter 【答案与解析】A。 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和

36、意愿Id love to.是“我很乐意”；Never mind. 是“不介意”；It doesnt matter. 是“没关系”； 只有A符合题意。8. There _ more people in the next 5 years. A. is B. areC. will haveD. will be【答案与解析】D。本题考查的是There be句型的一般将来时态，所以选D。9. The coffee is good. _? Certainly. I am very glad you love it. A. Could I have another cup B. What about som

37、ething else C. Why not have a taste D. Where did you buy it【答案与解析】A。Could I have another cup是委婉的提出请求。所以选A。10. Do you mind _ the radio a little bit? I am doing my homework. A. turning down B. to turn down C. turn down D. turning up【答案与解析】A。表达建议、要求、可能和意愿的句型。turn down是“调小”，turn up是“调大”。根据句意我要做作业，因此应该调小

38、收音机的音量；mind后要跟动名词。所以选A。基础达标. 选择答句1. I dont know the way to the school.2. I left my books at home.3. Theres something wrong with my bike.4. I need some money.5. The boys are too noisyA. You could borrow them from your classmates.B. You could ask your parents for some.C. You should ask a policeman for

39、 helpD. You should mend it by yourself.E. You could ask them to be quiet. 选择填空1. She tried _ about her journey, but she found it difficult.A. didnt to worryB. to not worry C. not worryingD. not to worry2. I think _ food is fried chicken in the USA.A. more popular B. most popular C. the most popular

40、D. popular3. When you go to see your father, please _ these books to him.A. bringB. take C. carry D. put4. I argued _ my good friends yesterday. What should I do?A. of B. withC. at D. to5. Han Mei _ a book from the library a week ago.A. lentB. returned C. borrowedD. wanted6. - What can I do for you,

41、 sir? - Im _ a book on history.A. making outB. finding outC. looking for D. working out. 选词并用适当形式填空 talk find out call up argue say1.Lets _ Joe and invite him to play tennis.2.You should _ about your problems with your parents.3.My friend is angry with me. What should I _ to him?4.I dont want to _.

42、Lets forget it.5.I thought I failed my test but I just _ I passed!答案与解析. 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. E. 1. D， try to do sth.是“试图做某事”的意思。 2. C， 形容词的最高级前面要加the。 3. B， “take to”表示“带去”。 4. B， argue with表示与某人争吵。 5. C， “borrow from”意思是“从借” 6. C， look for表示“寻找”。 . 1.call up 2. talk 3. say 4. argue 5. found out能

43、力提升. 单项选择1. His parents want him _at home every night.A. stay B. staying C. to stay D. staies 2. She argues _ her best friend. A. with B. about C. at D. and 3. I dont have money. My brother doesnt have any money, _. A. either B. too C. also D. but 4. My twin sister _the same clothes. A. wear B. wear

44、s C. put on D. puts on 5.Could you give me _ advice？A. some B. any C. many D. a lot 6. My sister is angry with me. What should I _to her?A. say B. speak C. argue D. talk 7. His little son could do nothing except_ TV. A. watch B. watches C. watching D. will watch 8. Please _ who broke the window.A. f

45、ind out B. find C. look for D. look out 9. He _ the pen on the ground just now A. droped B. dropped C. falls D. fell 10. Hes used to _ in the afternoon. A. play B. plays C. playing D. played 11. Maybe he put it in his pocket, _ he? A. does B. doesnt C. did D. didnt 12. The boy is _to go to school. A

46、. enough old B. enough young C. old enough D. young enough 13. Please show me the ticket _the concert A. of B. for C. to D. on 14. I need to get some money to _the summer camp.A. pay on B. pay in C. pay with D. pay for 15. When I arrived home, I remembered that I _ my key in the classroom.A. forget

47、B. forgot C. leave D. left 16. They are _ the summer holiday. A. planning B. planing C. planned D. plans 17. I _ it everywhere, but I didnt _ it. A. looked for, looked for B. looked for, find C. found, looked forD. find, look for 18. Our teacher often tells us _ to the old politely.A. speak B. speak

48、ing C. to speak D. speak in 19. I really dont know _.A. what should I do B. what to do C. what does D. what doing 20. They are good friends, but sometimes they _each other.A. argue of B. argue C. argue to D. argue with . 完形填空Once there was a clever farmer. Though he was poor, he decided one day to t

49、ake the king a roast goose(烤鹅)as a present. He had not had much to eat that day, and soon the l of the roast goose became too much for him as he 2 it to the king, so he ate one of its legs.When he came before the king and gave him the goose, the king 3 . saw that it had only one leg.Now, the king hi

50、mself was born with one bad leg, so he had never been able to 4 properly (正常地) . When he saw the goose with only one leg, he thought the farmer had 5 this to laugh at him. Of course he was very 6 _. The farmer was told that if anybody laughed at the king, he would be 7 at once.Where is 8 leg of the

51、goose? the king asked.All the geese in this part of the country have one leg only, the farmer answered.Do you think Im a fool? the king shouted. 9 , said the farmer, if you look out of the window, you will see geese with one leg by the 10 . The king looked, and there the geese were 11 on one leg bes

52、ide the water. The king at once told one of his men to hit them 12 a big stick, and of course, they 13 their other legs and ran away.There,” said the king. You were lying(说谎). That shows that the geese here have two legs, like all other 14 in the country. But it doesnt show anything, answered the fa

53、rmer, if your men threw a big stick like that at me, I would grow two 15 Legs myself to help me to ran away faster. 1. A. head B. neck C. smell D. size 2. A. returned B. carried C. sent D. handed 3. A. at once B. at last C. by then D. on time 4. A. come B. walk C. see D. eat 5. A. kept B. done C. ma

54、de D. found 6. A. sorry B. worried C. sad D. angry 7. A. helped B. killed C. saved D. covered 8. A. other B. another C. that one D. the other 9. A. Certainly not B. Of courseC. Thats nothingD. Never mind 10. A. hole B. forest C. lake D. house 11. A. swimming B. resting C. flying D. lying 12. A. with

55、 B. in C. for D. by 13. A. sent up B. put down C. did with D. moved away 14. A. geese B. animalsC. legs D. farmers 15. A. slower B. faster C. less D. more . 阅读理解 AThough going for a walk is ordinary in Britain, it is just not a part of the American idea. An English reporter who was just walking along the road in Los Angeles was questioned by the policeman because it seemed strange to do so. People can find side-wa