2012年高考英语复习名词性从句用法及真题解析之一

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1、高中英语复习-名词性从句用法及真题解析考点1 主语从句引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类：连接词that，whether；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how等。1连接词that，whether引导That the college will take in more new students this year is true今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance他是否能按时完成任

2、务非常重要。【注】 (1)if不能引导主语从句。(2)形式主语it替代主语从句。常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：AIt+系动词+形容词+that从句。如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。BIt+系动词+名词+that从句。如：It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。CIt+be+ved形式+that从句。如：It is announced that the

3、 plan has been successfully carried out据宣布计划已经顺利实施。2连接代词引导What we cant get seems better than what we already have我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。who the letter was from is still unknown这封信是谁寄出的还不清楚。Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。3连接副词引导How acupuncture reduces and relieves

4、pain is unclear针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。考点2 宾语从句引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类：连接词that，whether，if等，连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等，连接副词when，where，why，how等。1连接词that，whether，if引导I think(that)you should turn to the teacher for help我认为你应该

5、向老师寻求帮助。I dont know if/whether he still lives here after so many years我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。【注】whether/if都意为“是否”。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。(1)与or not紧接连用时。如：Let me know whether or not you can come请让我知道你是否能来。(2)作介词的宾语从句时。如：We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣

6、。2连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等如：She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class她问我班上谁的书法最好。Ill just say whatever comes into my mind我想到什么就说什么。3.连接副词引导when，where，why，how等Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began?你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?Ive been thinking about how we can ma

7、ke the newspaper more interesting我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。4宾语从句的语序在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。如：He asked me when we could set out the next day他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。Did you find out where she lost her car?你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?5宾语从句的时态(1)当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。She says(that)she works from Monday to Friday她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时

8、)she says(that)she will leave a message on his desk她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)She says(that)she has never been to Mount Emei她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)(2)当主句的谓语动词是一般过去式时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。如：He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)He said that he was going to take care of the

9、baby他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)He said that they were having a meeting at that time他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)(3)当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。如：The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。He said that light travels much faster than sound他说光比声音传播得快。【注】在使用宾语从句时需

10、要注意下面几点：(1)动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。如：I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。I have made it a rule that I keep diaries我每天写日记成了惯例。(2)hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示“喜欢；痛恨；认为”的动词

11、或动词短语和see to表示“注意，留意”后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。如：I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。When you start the engine，you must see to it that the car is in neutral启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。(3)介词后的宾语从句。如：She is always thinking of how she can do more for others她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。We

12、 are talking about whether we admit students into our club我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。考点3、表语从句常由连接词that，whether；连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，how，why引导。1连接词引导The reason for his absence is that he hasnt been informed.他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。The question remains wheth

13、er they will be able to help us问题还是他们能否帮我们。2连接代词和连接副词引导The problem is who will take charge of this shop问题是谁将接管这家店铺。That is when I realized the importance of journalism那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。【注】 (1)as/as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。如：It sounds as if someone is knocking a

14、t the door听上去好像有人在敲门。At that time，it seemed as though I couldnt think of the right word当时我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。(2)当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，这种用法常见于句型The reason whyis that。如：The reason why he came late was that he got up late他来得晚是因为起床晚了。考点4 同位语从句同位语从句在句子中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea，fac

15、t，news，hope，belief，thought，doubt，promise，suggestion，order等。1通常用连词that引导同位语从句，that无词义，也不作句子成分，但不能省略。注意从句用陈述句语序。如：They expressed the hope that we would go and visit Shanghai again他们表示希望我们再去访问上海。I have no idea that she quit her present job我不知道她辞掉了现在的工作。Give me your promise that you will come to our par

16、ty this evening答应我，你今天晚上会来参加我们的聚会。2同位语从句还可以用whether，when，where，why，how等引导。如：The student asked me the question whether the book was worth reading学生问了我这个问题：这本书是否值得一读。I have no idea why he was excited at that time我不知道当时他激动的原因。 考点5 名词性从句需要注意的事项1that的用法。在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中that一般不能够省略；在宾语从句中有时可以省略，一般需要注意下面两

17、点：(1)当that从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：They share little in common except that they are from the same country除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。(2)当主句谓语动词后接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他的不省略。如：I believe(that)youve done your best and that things will improve我相信你已经尽力了，而且情况也会得到改善。2that与what的区别。that在从句中不能够充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从

18、句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语，意思是”什么，的事情”。如：The hope that he may recover is not gone yet他会康复的希望没有消失。(that不充当成分，也无含义)What he said proved to be true他所说的话证明是正确的。(what作said的宾语，可以翻译为“的话”)3定语从句与同位语从句的区别。定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制；而同位语从句是对从句前面的抽象名词作进一步的说明和解释。如：The news that our team has won the game was trueThe news that he told

19、 me yesterday was trueI made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very richThe mother made a promise that pleased all her children1（2011北京卷22）_ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. Which B what C. That D. Whom2（2011北京卷31）The shocking news mad me realize _terr

20、ible problems we would face.A. what B. how C. that D. why3（2011上海卷31）There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. what B. if C. how D. that4（2011上海卷38）The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understan

21、d.A. why B. that C. which D. what5（2011山东卷26）I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything.A. that B. when C. where D.why6（2011山东卷33）Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A. where B. what C.whether D. which7（2011江西卷26）The villagers have alre

22、ady known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge.A. this B. that C. what D. which8（2011江苏卷26）It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why9（2011安徽卷33）His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how

23、C. who D. what10（2011四川卷10）Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which11（2011辽宁卷23）Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _to read first.A. what B. who C.how D. why12（2011辽宁卷32）When the news came_the war

24、broke out, he decided to serve in the army.A. since B. which C. that D. because13（2011天津卷13）Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.A. what B. which C. that D. where14（2011陕西卷15）Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. wh

25、ich D. what15（2011重庆卷22）It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A. whether B. when C. which D. where16（2011重庆卷34）It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.A. whose B. what C. which D. that17（2011重

26、庆卷31）Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why18（2010福建）We should respect food and think about the people who dont have we have here and treat food nicely.A. that B. which C. what D. whether19（2010湖南）Cindy shut the door heavily and bur

27、st into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.A. where B. whether C. that D. why 20（2010天津）As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. When D. which21（2010北京） some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C.

28、 That D. How22（2010浙江）How about camping this weekend, just for a change?OK, you want. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever23（2010浙江）It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether24（2010上海）One

29、reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. that B. how C. what D. why25（2010上海）When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he ent

30、ering which lane D. which lane is he entering26（2010湖北）The news _（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall)27（2010湖北）I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.A. who B. where C. what D. how28（2010山东）Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for

31、the coming season.A. why B. what C. how D. which29（2010四川）How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. w_ A. what B. who C. how D. why w30（2010全国1）We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.A. that B. which C. what D

32、. where31（2010全国2）Have you finished the book?-No,Ive read up to_the children discover the secret cave.A.which B.what C.that D.where32（2010江苏）I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats_I dont agree. You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.what33（2010

33、北京）Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A. what B. that C. why D. whether34（2009湖南）She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever35（

34、2009江西）The fact has worried many scientists _the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A. what B. which C. that D. though36（2009北京）At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see_it got any better.A. when B. how C. why D. if37（2009全国1）Could I speak to is in ch

35、arge of International Sales please?A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever38（2009海南）One of the most important questions they had to consider was of public healthA. what B. this C. that D. which39（2009陕西）The how to book can be of help to wants to do the job.A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoeve

36、r40（2009上海）As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.A. what B. which C. that D. how41（2009四川）News came from the school office _Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A. which B. what C. that D. where42（2009天津）It is obvious to the students _the

37、y should get well prepared for their future.A. as B. which C. whether D. that43（2009浙江）Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport?No problem.A. When B. that C. whether D. what44（2009重庆）Weshouldconsiderthestudents request _ the school library provide more books on popular science.A. that B. when C. which D. where45（2009江苏）Many young people in the West are expected to leave _could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck.A. as B. that C. which D. what