考研考博-考博英语-扬州大学模拟考试题含答案48

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1、考研考博-考博英语-扬州大学模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题If nothing is done to protect the environment, millions of species that are alive today will have become（ ）.问题1选项A.deterioratedB.degeneratedC.suppressedD.extinct【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项deteriorated“恶化的”；B选项degenerated“退化的”；C选项suppressed“被抑制的”；D选项extinct“灭绝的”。句意：如果不采取措施保护环境，今天

2、存活的数百万物种将会灭绝。选项D符合句意。2. 单选题When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, its amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may despise t

3、hem because they mistook these goings on for entertainment. We may forgive them condescendingly because they lived 2000 years ago and obviously knew no better. But are our feelings of superiority really justified? Are we any less blood-thirsty? Why do boxing matches, for instance, attract such unive

4、rsal interest? Dont the spectators who attend them hope they will see some violence? Human beings remains as bloodthirsty as ever they were. The only difference between ourselves and the Romans is that while they were honest enough to admit that they enjoyed watching hungry lions tearing people apar

5、t and eating them alive, we find all sorts of sophisticated arguments to defend sports which should have been banned long age; sports which are quite as barbarous as, say, public hangings or bearbaiting.It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bull-fighting,

6、that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames. Let us not deceive ourselves. Any talk of the sporting spirit is sheer hypocrisy

7、. People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring. Spectators are willing to pay vast sums of money to see violence. A world heavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news. Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of

8、 fifteen. They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture and violence.Why should we ban violent spoils if people enjoy them so much? You may welt ask. The answer is simple: they arc uncivilized. For centuries man has been trying to

9、improve himself spiritually and emotionally admittedly with little success. But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past. Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places the

10、y used to be. Social welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world. Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly. These changes have come about not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but because positive steps were taken to change the law. The taw

11、is the biggest instrument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence. If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings.1. It can be inferred f

12、rom the passage that the authors opinion of nowadays human beings is（ ）.2.The main idea of this passage is（ ）.3.That the author mentions the old Romans is（ ）.4.How many dangerous sports does the author mention in this passage?5.The purpose of the author in writing this passage is（ ）.问题1选项A.not very

13、highB.high.C.contemptuous.D.critical.问题2选项A.vicious and dangerous sports should be banned by law.B.people are willing to pay vast sums money to see violence.C.to compare two different attitudes towards dangerous sports.D.people are bloodthirsty in sports.问题3选项A.to compare the old Romans with todays

14、people.B.to give an example.C.to show human beings in the past know nothing better.D.to indicate human beings are used to bloodthirsty.问题4选项A.Three.B.Five.C.Six.D.Seven.问题5选项A.that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve our selves.B.that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can

15、improve the law.C.that we must lake positive steps to improve social welfare system.D.to show law is the main instrument of social change.【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.判断推理题。结合全文内容可知，作者在第一段指出：现在的我们和罗马人的区别在于，罗马人诚实的承认他们暴力且嗜血，而我们则使用各种理由来掩盖自己和罗马人一样的本性。第二段作者以暴力的体育运动为例进行阐述，但在第三段指出，人们努力进行改善，比如社会福利和法律，

16、尽管没有成功但有所改观。作者一直站在客观的角度阐述事实，并没有体现出轻蔑和批判的语气，并且对人们还抱有期望，所以作者只是对现在的人们评价不高，选项A更加恰当。2.判断推理题。根据上一题的分析可知，作者是不希望看到暴力危险的体育运动的，所以作者希望法律能够禁止暴力危险的体育运动，选项A符合原文。3.判断推理题。根据原文第一段中所提及的“Human beings remains as bloodthirsty as ever they were. 人类仍然和以前一样嗜血。”作者之所以提到罗马人，不仅仅是以此来举例或者是和现在的人进行比较，作者真正的目的在于强调现在的人们和以前的罗马人一样嗜血。所以

17、选项D更恰当。4.细节事实题。原文提到的危险体育运动有：boxing(拳击); bearbaiting(逗熊游戏); hunting(打猎); bull-fighting(斗牛); cars crashing(赛车)。所以选项B正确。5.作者意图题。根据第三段的最后两句话“If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of

18、human beings. 如果我们禁止危险和暴力的体育运动，我们就向改善人类又迈进了一步。我们将认识到暴力是人类的堕落和不值得。”由此可知，作者认为通过禁止暴力运动，人们能够改善自我。选项A符合原文。3. 单选题With price（ ）so much, its hard for the company to plan a budget.问题1选项A.fluctuatingB.wavingC.swingingD.vibrating【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。fluctuate“使波动，使动摇，涨落”； wave“挥手，挥舞”；swing“摇摆，旋转”；vibrate“使振动，使颤动”。句

19、意：由于价格波动大，所以这家公司很难做出预算计划。A项符合题意。4. 单选题Starting with the（ ）that there is life on the planet Mars, the Russian and American scientists went on to develop their arguments.问题1选项A.premiseB.pretextC.preconditionD.presentation【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项premise“前提，假定，假设”；B选项pretext“借口，托辞”；C选项precondition“前提，先决条件”；D

20、选项presentation“展示，描述”。句意：从火星上有生命这一假设出发，俄罗斯和美国的科学家继续展开他们的争论。火星上有生命这只是一个假设，所以选项A正确。5. 单选题I asked several villagers the way to the river, but none of them was very（ ）.问题1选项A.trustworthyB.knowledgeableC.considerateD.forthcoming【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。trustworthy“可靠的，可信赖的”；knowledgeable“知识渊博的，有知识的”；considerate“

21、体贴的”；forthcoming“即将来临的”。句意：我问了好几个村民怎么样去那条河，但是他们的说法都不可靠。A项符合题意。6. 单选题She is（ ）to the cost until tragedy alters her life and the lives of those around her.问题1选项A.ignorantB.obliviousC.unawareD.unmindful【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项ignorant“无知的，愚昧的”；B选项oblivious“健忘的，不注意的”；C选项unaware“未察觉的”；D选项unmindful“漫不经心的”。句意：

22、直到悲剧改变了她和周围人的生活，她才意识到代价的存在。能和介词to搭配的只有B选项，be oblivious to 是固定搭配，意为“不在意的；不以为意的”，所以选项B正确。7. 单选题None of this is（ ）surprising, nor are these questionable industry machination limited to the frenzied search for the so-called pink pill.问题1选项A.at the leastB.the leastC.the least bitD.in the least bit【答案】D【解

23、析】考查词组辨析。A选项at the least“无论如何”；B选项the least“最少”；C选项the least bit“半点，毫厘”；D选项in the least bit“一点，丝毫”。句意：这些丝毫不令人感到惊讶，这些可疑行业的阴谋也不仅仅局限于疯狂地寻找所谓的“粉色药丸”。选项D符合句意。8. 单选题Hilter committed one of the most（ ）crimes in history.问题1选项A.violentB.venturousC.viciousD.virus【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。violent“暴力的，猛烈的”；venturous“不顾一

24、切的，好冒险的”；vicious“恶毒的，恶意的，凶残的”；virus“病毒”。句意：Hilter犯下了历史上最暴力的行径之一。A项符合题意。9. 单选题To（ ）is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment.问题1选项A.conserveB.conceiveC.convertD.contrive【答案】A【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项conserve“保存，保护”；B选项conceive“构思，设想

25、”；C选项convert“转变”；D选项contrive“谋划”。句意：保护就是保存和保护，把我们自己喜欢的东西留在如此好的条件下，别人也可以分享我们的乐趣。选项A符合句意。10. 单选题Since market reforms were instituted in the late 1970s, China has been among the most rapidly growing economies in the world, regularly（ ） 10 percent GDP growth annually.问题1选项A.exceededB.exceedingC.has exce

26、ededD.having exceeded【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语。句意：自上世纪70年代末实行市场改革以来，中国一直是世界上增长最快的经济体之一，每年的GDP增长率经常超过10%。句中已有谓语动词has been，所以填空处应填入非谓语，由此可首先排除C选项和D选项；其次，这里应使用现在分词形式表示超过的状态，而且超过是主动语态，所以选项B正确。11. 单选题The car engine may（ ）as we go up the hill.问题1选项A.extinguishB.stallC.ceaseD.start【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。extinguish“熄灭，压制，消灭”

27、；stall“熄火，拖延”；cease“停止，结束”；start“开始”。句意：当我们上山时，汽车发动机可能会熄火。B项符合题意。12. 单选题One child per family has become the（ ）of family in most cities in China.问题1选项A.standardsB.criteriaC.normD.I tried hard【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项standards“标准；规格”；B选项criteria“标准，条件”；C选项norm“标准，规范” D选项touchstone“试金石；检验标准”。句意：一个家庭一个孩子已经成为中

28、国大多数城市的家庭标准。A, B, C选项都有 “标准”的意思，它们的区别是：standard指法定的或一般公认的标准，用途比较广泛，criteria指有特殊的确实性,令人信服而用以判断，norm是一种社会习惯(标准)，指规范、基准、定额、分配之工作量、准则。因此A选项正确。13. 单选题Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than,（ ）at the other store.问题1选项A.anyoneB.the othersC.the onesD.

29、that【答案】C【解析】考查不定代词。句意：即使减价出售，这些冰箱的价格即使不比另一家商店的贵，价格也是一样的。根据句意可知填空处所指代的应该是refrigerators，代词one可以用来替代前面提到过的名词，以避免重复。而这里使用的是冰箱的复数形式，所以也要用复数的ones来指代，并且refrigerators是上文已经提及的，表示特指，所以要加上定冠词the，选项C正确。14. 单选题As social beings we live with our eyes upon our reflection, but have no（ ）of the tranquility of the wa

30、ters in which we see it.问题1选项A.warrantB.obligationC.assuranceD.certainty【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项warrant“根据，证明”，强调法律依据，确信无疑的证据；B选项obligation“职责，义务”；C选项assurance“保证，担保”；D选项certainty“必然，确实”。句意：作为社会上的人我们坚信眼见为实，但是没法保证我们所看到的一定就是真实的。选项C符合句意。15. 单选题Despite the opposition from his family, the boy remained（ ） in h

31、is decision to marry her.问题1选项A.faithfulB.constantC.staunchD.resolute【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项faithful“忠诚的”；B选项constant“不变的”；C选项staunch“坚定的，忠诚的”；D选项resolute“坚决的，果断的”。句意：尽管遭到家人的反对，男孩还是下定决心要娶她。这里是指果断的下定决心，所以选项D符合语境。16. 单选题To his inquiry if she were hurt, she made some incoherent reply（ ）she did not know.问题

32、1选项A.to the point thatB.to the effect thatC.to the extent thatD.to the sense that【答案】B【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项to the point that“到.程度”；B选项to the effect that“大意是，意思是”；C选项to the extent that“达到的程度以致；就来说”；D选项to the sense that没有这种表达。句意：对于他问她是否受伤了，她给出了一些语无伦次地回答，大意是她不知道。选项B符合句意。17. 单选题Mr. Gore says the increasing（ ）o

33、f bush fires in Australia is an example of how quickly the climate is changing.问题1选项A.viciousnessB.ferocityC.maliciousnessD.malevolence【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项viciousness“邪恶，恶意”；B选项ferocity“凶猛，残忍”；C选项maliciousness“恶意”；D选项malevolence“怨恨，狠毒”。句意：戈尔说，澳大利亚越发肆虐的丛林大火是气候变化速度之快的例证之一。这里是指火势很猛，所以选项B符合句意。18. 单选题The

34、mayor called together all his staff members and announced that the freshly appointed director of general affairs was（ ） his ex-wifes son.问题1选项A.nobody other thanB.nothing other thanC.none other thanD.not other than【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。none other than意为“不是别的而正是”。句意：市长召集了他所有的职员，宣布新任命的总干事不是别人，正是他前妻的儿子。选项C符合

35、句意。19. 单选题Dont care what he said. You know, it was said in a（ ）of anger.问题1选项A.fitB.rayC.grainD.layer【答案】A【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项a fit of“突发一阵，阵发”；B选项a ray of“一线”；C选项a grain of“一点点；一些” D选项a layer of“一层”。句意：不用管他说什么。你知道，这是在愤怒中说的。这里指 “阵发的愤怒”，因此A选项正确。20. 单选题In Western history, work was not only a useful activity, but（ ）which carried with it a profound satisfaction.问题1选项A.the oneB.oneC.activityD.work【答案】B【解析】考查语法结构。当先行词是不定代词the one，something等时，不能用引导词which而应该用that，所以A选项可首先排除；填空处应填入代词来指代前面提到的work，所以选项B正确；填入D选项重复，所以不正确。句意：在西方历史上，工作不仅是一种有用的活动，而且还带来了一种深深的满足感。本题选择B选项。