2022年考博英语-福建师范大学考试名师点拨押题密卷63（含答案详解）

《2022年考博英语-福建师范大学考试名师点拨押题密卷63（含答案详解）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-福建师范大学考试名师点拨押题密卷63（含答案详解）（25页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、2022年考博英语-福建师范大学考试名师点拨押题密卷（含答案详解）1. 单选题Most of the nonverbal communication at work centers on a single theme: power, which translates into status. In every species and society, those in control try to（1）large, strong and fearless.（2） some other animals（3） dominance, humans have their own ways of sig

2、naling whos in（4） . “In our culture, status shows（5） subtly in the relaxed posture and way of interaction” say Albert Mehrabian, a professor of psychology.（6） , those lower in position characteristically display more（7） . “The classic example is the soldier standing at（8） in the presence of the supe

3、rior officer, says Mehrabian.The leaders in a group usually are the ones who lean back in their chairs. To make the point, they may lean（9） . Their gestures are large and fluid,（10） an easy confidence and command of space.（11） also take greater control of conversation. “The person in authority（12） t

4、o talk more, speak louder and（13） others,” says Mehrabian.The bodies of the powerful can also “leak” messages of weakness that always betray（14） theyre really feeling. Imagine this（15） : the head of your company announces to his staff that the firm has been bought by a giant corporation. “This is gr

5、eat news!” he says “The new owners are more（16） than ever.”As he speaks, your boss stands stiffly behind the chair, his hands clasped in front of him. He smiles often,（17） his eyes have a serious look. His voice is flat, and the（18） seems higher than usual. Should you believe him? “Look for differen

6、ces（19）what youre seeing and what youre hearing,” suggests Austin. Your bosss body language is（20） reassuring.问题1选项A.pretendB.appearC.seemD.disguise问题2选项A.AsB.BesidesC.LikeD.Despite问题3选项A.assertingB.declaringC.confirmingD.claiming问题4选项A.managementB.dutyC.obligationD.charge问题5选项A.itB.itselfC.themD.us

7、问题6选项A.ConsequentlyB.UnfortunatelyC.ConverselyD.Undoubtedly问题7选项A.rigidityB.dignityC.vigorD.rigor问题8选项A.peaceB.lengthC.easeD.attention问题9选项A.forwardB.towardC.aheadD.over问题10选项A.proposingB.embodyingC.signalingD.proving问题11选项A.AuthoritiesB.SuperiorsC.InferiorsD.Officials问题12选项A.caresB.intendsC.tendsD.

8、means问题13选项A.interveneB.interfereC.intermingleD.interrupt问题14选项A.whichB.whatC.thatD.why问题15选项A.sightB.spotC.sceneryD.scene问题16选项A.secureB.responsibleC.generousD.optimistic问题17选项A.whenB.asC.althoughD.so问题18选项A.throatB.toneC.noteD.melody问题19选项A.inB.amongC.fromD.between问题20选项A.anything butB.nothing but

9、C.no more thanD.more than【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B第6题:C第7题:A第8题:D第9题:A第10题:C第11题:B第12题:C第13题:D第14题:B第15题:D第16题:D第17题:C第18题:B第19题:D第20题:A【解析】（1）考查动词辨析。pretend意为“伪装，假装”，强调明显地表露出是假的；appear意为“出现，显现”，主要表达自然流露的现象；seem意为“似乎，看来”指根据某种迹象作出的推断；disguise意为“隐瞒，掩饰”。此处表示“当权者试图看起来高大、强壮和无畏”。（2）考查逻辑关系。根据空格后的animal

10、s和humans可知此处是对这两者进行对比，说明其相似情况，因此选C，like作连词，意为“像一样，如同”。（3）考查动词辨析。assert意为“维护，坚持”；declare意为“宣布”；confirm意为“确认，批准”； claim意为“声称”。由空格后的dominance（优势，控制）可知A选项最为恰当。（4）考查逻辑关系。这句话指的是人与动物的相似之处，故空格处应为dominance的同义词，in charge意为“负责，主管”，因此选D。（5）考查逻辑关系。由空格后面的subtly in the relaxed posture and way of interaction可知此处是用来

11、形容status本身的，因此用反身代词作宾语，选B。（6）考查副词辨析。由前面的status（地位）和空格后的those lower in position（地位较低者）可知此处表示转折，因此选C，conversely意为“相反地，反过来”。（7）考查逻辑关系。此处与由前面的relaxed posture and way of interaction（放松姿势与互动方式）进行对比，因此填rigidity（僵硬，刻板）。（8）考查固定搭配。stand at attention意为“立正”。at length意为“终究，终归”；at ease意为“安逸，自由自在”；at peace意为“和平，处于

12、平静状态”。（9）考查逻辑关系。此处与前面的lean back（仰靠着，向后靠）动作相反，选A，lean forward意为“向前倾，前倾”。（10）考查动词辨析。propose意为“提议，建议”，主语一般为人；embody意为“表现，象征”；signal意为“表达，表明”；prove意为“证明，证实”，一般用于prove to be。此处的逻辑主语为gestures，因此选C。（11）考查逻辑关系。此处与前面的the leaders in a group（集团中的领导人）相照应，因此填superiors（上级）。（12）考查逻辑关系。care一般用于care about/for，故排除；in

13、tend to意为“打算”；tend to意为“倾向于”；mean to意为“打算，想”。由前面的take greater control of conversation（更好地控制谈话）可知C选项最为恰当。（13）考查逻辑关系。由前面的talk more, speak louder可知and后面的为并列谓语，intervene意为“干涉，介入”，指介入争端，进行调停，也指干涉他人之事；interfere意为“干涉，干预”，指无权或未获允许而妨碍、阻扰、干涉他人之事；intermingle意为“混合”；interrupt意为“打断（别人的话等）”此处与谈话有关，因此选D，更能体现当权者的独断行

14、为。（14）考查从句。只有what既能引导名词性从句作betray的宾语，又能在并列从句中充当feel的宾语，因此选B。（15）考查名词辨析。sight意为“视力范围，视野”；spot意为“地点，场所”；scenery意为“风景，景色”；scene意为“场面，现场”。空格后的冒号是介绍事件发生的场景，因此选D。（16）考查形容词辨析。secure意为“安全的”；responsible意为“负责的”；generous意为“慷慨的，大方的”；optimistic意为“乐观的，乐观主义的”。由前面的This is great news（这是个好消息）可知D选项最符合语义。（17）考查逻辑关系。由前面

15、的smiles和空格后的a serious look可知此处表示让步关系，填although（尽管）。（18）考查逻辑关系。由前面的His voice is flat（他的声音是平的）可知此处指音调，填tone。（19）考查固定搭配。differences between.and.意为“和之间的差异” 。（20）考查逻辑关系。anything but意为“根本不，决不”；nothing but意为“只有，只不过”；no more than意为“不过是，仅仅”；more than意为“不知是”。本段表示“老板一边安慰下属公司很可靠，一边又提心吊胆，没有把握”，因此选A。2. 单选题Its har

16、mful to ones health to （ ）smoking and drinking问题1选项A.take onB.take toC.take inD.take off【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。take on意为“承担，接受”；take to意为“喜欢，养成的习惯”；take in意为“吸收，吸入”；take off意为“脱掉，起飞”。句意：吸烟喝酒有害人的身体健康。3. 单选题The managing director took the （ ）for the accident, although it was not really his fault.问题1选项A.guiltB

17、.chargeC.blameD.accusation【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。guilt意为“有罪，犯罪行为”；charge意为“收费，指控”；blame意为“(坏事或错事的) 责任，责备”，take the blame for意为“承担的责任”；accusation意为“指责，谴责”。句意：总经理承担了事故的责任，尽管并不真的是他的错。4. 单选题When he tried to make a （ ）, he found that the hotel was completely filled because of a convention.问题1选项A.claimB.bookingC

18、.revisionD.reservation【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。claim意为“声称”；booking意为“预约，预定”；revision意为“修订，修改”；reservation意为“预订，预约”。make a reservation比较正式、规范；make a booking更口语化。句意：当他想订房时，他发现想入住的酒店由于有一个会议而住满了。5. 单选题Many people think of deserts as（ ）regions, but numerous species of plants and animals have adapted to life there

19、.问题1选项A.barrenB.voidC.virginD.wretched【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。barren意为“贫瘠的，荒凉的，不毛的”；void意为“无效的，空的”；virgin意为“未开发的，原始状态的”；wretched意为“不幸的，悲惨的”。句意：许多人认为沙漠是不毛之地，但许多动植物已经适应了那里的生活。6. 单选题You cannot expect people to work hard unless you give them some kind of （ ）.问题1选项A.fascinationB.incentiveC.provocationD.temptati

20、on【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。fascination意为“魅力，着迷”；incentive意为“激励，刺激，鼓励”；provocation意为“挑衅，挑拨”；temptation意为“诱惑，引诱”。句意：你不能指望人们努力工作，除非你给他们一些激励。7. 单选题Do you agree with the saying that the monkey was the of the （ ）human race?问题1选项A.offspringB.successorC.breederD.predecessor【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。offspring意为“子孙，后代”；successo

21、r意为“接替者，继任者”；breeder意为“饲养员”；predecessor意为“前辈，祖先”。句意：你同意猴子是人类的祖先的说法吗？8. 问答题Wed rather have long waits than (A) no shifting of the scenes, and (B) all the actors on (C) the stage doing (D) nothing.【答案】试题答案：B; with【解析】考查独立主格。with表示伴随状况，其结构为：with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。9. 单选题I phoned him this m

22、orning, but when I said who I was, he（ ）.问题1选项A.rang upB.hung upC.shut downD.shut up【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。ring up意为“打电话”；hang up意为“挂断电话”；shut down意为“关闭，停业”；shut up意为“安静，闭嘴”。句意：我今天早上给他打了电话，但当我告诉他我是谁时，他挂断了电话。10. 单选题He knows little of mathematics, and （ ）of chemistry.问题1选项A.even moreB.still lessC.no lessD.st

23、ill more【答案】B【解析】考查比较级。even, still修饰表示级，意为“更”，little的比较级为less，因此选B。句意：他数学懂得很少，化学懂得更少了。11. 单选题Her honesty is（ ）, nobody can doubt it.问题1选项A.out of the questionB.without questionC.in questionD.beside the question【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。out of the question意为“不可能的，不必谈的”；without question意为“毫无疑问”；in question意为“考虑

24、之中的，被谈论着的”；beside the question意为“不相关，不切题”。句意：她的诚实是毫无疑问的，没有人能怀疑它。12. 单选题（ ） for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.问题1选项A.Had it not beB.Were it notC.Be it notD.Should it not【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。对现在事实进行虚拟，从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时（be动词用were），主句：主语+ should/w

25、ould/might/could+do；当虚拟条件句的谓语部分含有were, should, had时，可将连词if省略，把were, should, had置于句首。从句中的If it were not for the timely investment=Were it not for the timely investment，因此选B。句意：要不是广大公众的及时投资，我们公司不会像现在这样兴旺发达。13. 问答题We are willing to (A) share whatever (B) we know, no matter how it might be little (C), w

26、ith anyone who is in need of that (D) knowledge or skill.【答案】试题答案：C; how little it might be【解析】考查词序。no matter how表示“无论如何”，引导让步状语从句，no matter how后面接形容词或副词+句子。14. 单选题As a wise man once said, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an even earlier age

27、. This isnt the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplations, but a fact of Europes new economic landscape, embraced by sociologists, real-estate developers and ad executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the “irresistible momentu

28、m of individualism” over the last century. The communications revolution the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have greatly wreaked havoc on（扰乱）Europeans private lives.Europes new economic climate has largely fostered the tre

29、nd toward independence. The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europes shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American-style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, todays tech-savvy （精通技术的）workers have embr

30、aced a free market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so.Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage twenty something professionals or widowed senior c

31、itizens. While pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. Living alone was conceived to be negative dark and cold, while being tog

32、ether suggested warmth and light. But then came along the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful and strong! Now, young people want to live alone.The booming economy means people are working harder than ever. And that doesnt leave much room for relationships. Pimpi Arroyo, a 35-year-old compose

33、r who lives alone in a house in Paris, says he hasnt got time to get lonely because he has too much work. “I have deadlines which would make life with someone else fairly difficult.” Only an ideal woman would make him change his lifestyle, he says. Kaufrnann, author of a recent book called “The Sing

34、le Woman and Prince Charming,” thinks this fierce new individualism means that people expect more and more of mates, so relationships dont last long if they start at all. Eppendorf a blond Berliner with a deep tan, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbathes or sleeps, resti

35、ng up for going dancing. Just shy of 50, she says shed never have wanted to do what her mother did give up a career to raise a family. Instead, “Ive always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life.”1.More and more young Europeans remain single because （ ）.2.What is said about European s

36、ociety in the passage?3.According to Paragraph 3, the newest group of singles are（ ）.4.The author quotes Eppendorf to show that（ ）.5.What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?问题1选项A.they are driven by an overwhelming sense of individualismB.they have entered the workforce at a much earlier

37、ageC.they have embraced a business culture of stabilityD.they are pessimistic about their economic future问题2选项A.It has fostered the trend towards small families.B.It is getting closer to American style capitalism.C.It has limited consumer choice despite a free market.D.It is being threatened by irre

38、sistible privatization.问题3选项A.warm and light heatedB.on either side of marriageC.negative and gloomyD.healthy and wealthy问题4选项A.some modern women prefer a life of individual freedomB.the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day EuropeC.some professional people have too much work

39、to do to feel lonelyD.most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable问题5选项A.To review the impact of women becoming high earners.B.To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism.C.To examine the trend of young people living alone.D.To stress the rebuilding of personal relationshi

40、ps.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the irresistible momentum of individualism over the last century.（一位法国社会学家认为，从家庭生活到独处生活方式的转变，是上个世纪“不可抗拒的个人主义势头”的一部分）可知A选项“他们受到强烈的个人主义的驱使”符合题意。2.细节事实题。由文章第二

41、段中的The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europes shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American-style capitalism.（在欧洲从社会民主向更尖锐、更个人主义的美国式资本主义转变的过程中，当代的独居者逐渐成熟）可知B选项“欧洲社会越来越接近美国式的资本主义”符合题意。3.细节事实题。由文章第三段中的the newest crop of singles are high ear

42、ners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice.They were young, beautiful and strong!（最新一批单身人士是三四十岁的高收入者，他们越来越认为独居是一种生活方式的选择他们年轻，漂亮，强壮！）可知D选项“健康和富有”符合题意。4.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中Ive always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life.（我总是做我想做的事：过一种自主的生活）可知A选项“一些现代

43、女性更喜欢个人自由的生活”符合题意。5.主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了越来越多的欧洲人选择在年轻时保持单身；第二段讲述了欧洲经济的发展促进了独立趋势，使人们具有独立生活的能力；第三段讲述了越来越多的高收入者选择独居生活；第四段举例人们选择单身的原因与个人事业发展有关。本文一直都是围绕单身这个主题来展开阐述，已经成为一种趋势，因此C选项“研究年轻人独居的趋势”符合题意。15. 单选题They consider it questionable that these defense-linked research projects will account for an improvement in

44、the standard of living or,（ ）, do much to protect our diminishing resources.问题1选项A.incidentallyB.actuallyC.alternativelyD.accordingly【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。incidentally意为“偶然，附带地”；actually意为“实际上”；alternatively意为“(引出第二种选择或可能的建议) 要不，或者”；accordingly意为“因此，于是”。句意：他们认为这些与国防有关的研究项目是否能提高人们的生活水平或者能保护我们日益减少的资源是值得怀疑的。

45、16. 问答题With (A) the word scientist we mean one who is equipped to (B) spend a lifetime for (C) the advancement of science to the best (D) of ones ability.【答案】试题答案：A; by【解析】考查介词用法。with意为“和，同，具有”，此处表示“根据科学家这个词，我们说的是一个”，因此用by（根据，按照）。17. 单选题The medical students studied the （ ）of the human body.问题1选项A.fr

46、ameworkB.outlineC.skeletonD.segment【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。framework意为“ 构架，框架”；outline意为“梗概，大纲，提纲”；skeleton意为“骨骼，骨架，骨骼标本”；segment意为“部分，段落”。句意：医学专业的学生研究了人体的骨骼。18. 单选题Professor Kumar Bhatt, founder and head of Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMC), and RobMeakin a personnel director at Marconi, have developed a p

47、artnership to train engineers and managers to become elite rate. The New Knowledge Partnership will include a team of 40 Marconi managers in what Professor Bhatt calls electronic engineering management or E2. A wide range of engineering and non-engineering companies has expressed interest in these e

48、xciting programs, professor Bhatt believes that e-commerce is changing the business environment to a huge extent. Many chief executives do not understand the power of the new technologies and in some cases, are actually resisting change. He says that “as long as enough industry leaders realize its p

49、otential benefits, e-business will make possible a second productivity revolution in Britain. This could take the economy close to eliminating the still substantial competitiveness gap with its main rivals. Over the last five years in the US there has been a 30% improvement in manufacturing sector p

50、roductivity because of information technology. In Britain we can achieve more than that and successful e-business will be worth billions to the UK economy.”Already Britain makes more use of computer-aided design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) and management information technology system than other Europe

51、an countries, and has a government that actively promotes e-business. But, observes Professor Bhatt, Britain has never used technology as a growth driver. “The thing about electronic engineering management is that you can keep your legacy systems; you just need to link those systems with an informat

52、ion engine. At the touch of a button it will allow project managers to see the status of a project, identify problems precisely and make virtually immediate decisions based on information that will be much more complete than in the past.”The E2 program is the result of an alliance by the Warwick Man

53、ufacturing Group with Americas leading e-commerce study center, Carnegie Mellon. The latter will be responsible for training many of the Marconi managers in America, where the group has half its business. In Britain. Professor Bhatt has linked up with Sun Microsystems, Oracle and Parametric Technolo

54、gy, to set up a multi-million pound E2 design and manufacturing center at the university which will be used for training and research.Professor Bhatt believes that e-commerce is changing business to such an extent that WMG is likely to be renamed Warwick Electronic Manufacturing Group. But, he warns

55、: “The move to globalize because of e-commerce is racing ahead. Although the net allows British industry to overtake their European peers, it also offers Asian countries to leapfrog the West. For the first time it is not the privilege of the Western world because this technology is universal.”1.What

56、 is the purpose of E2 course?2.Why does Bhatt say that e-business will make possible a second productivity revolution in Britain?3.According to the passage, what do you know about e-business in Britain?4.According to the passage, which of the following is true?5.According to that last passage, what

57、is Bhatts attitude towards e-commerce?问题1选项A.Teach electronic engineering management.B.Train engineers and managers to be acquainted with e-commerce.C.Train engineers and managers to be engineers and managers.D.Teach engineers and managers about developing partnership.问题2选项A.Because many business le

58、aders have shown their interest in this.B.Because it can strengthen the companies competitiveness.C.Because more people will learn e-commerce style.D.Because new information technologies can greatly improve industrial productivity.问题3选项A.E-business has eliminated many competitive rivals.B.E-business

59、 has done many benefits to big companiesC.Many companies have joined in the E-business program.D.E-business has great potential and will make changes in the country.问题4选项A.Britain can be competitive to US in the area of information technology.B.Britain has already taken the advantages of running eng

60、ineering management.C.As with many other European countries, Britain has made use of computer-aided systems.D.E-business has offered opportunities to European countries to eliminate the competitiveness gap with all the rivals.问题5选项A.He thinks it as a precise opportunity only to Britain.B.He thinks that it is not as a good opportunity as people think.C.He thinks it is not only good for Britain but also a precise opportunity for other countries.D.He does not consider it a good opportunity in the long run.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的have developed a partners