20222023高中英语Unit1Alandofdiversityperiod3LearningaboutLanguage课件新人教版选修8

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1、Period 3Learning about Language.单词拼写1As soon as Id got through_(海关)I felt at home.2Her parents are both_(社会主义者)3He reported on the whole event to the_(副的)primer.4Go straight ahead and turn left at the second_(十字路口)5The possibility that she might be wrong never even _(发生)to her.6There were over 500_(

2、申请人)for the job.7My little_(侄子)is very naughty.8In the North P_，polar bear will appear through the whole year.【答案】1customs 2socialists 3vice 4crossing5occurred6applicants7nephew8Pole.选词填空1 _is known to us all is that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.(What

3、/It/As/Which)2The last time we had great fun was_we were visiting the Water Park.(where/how/when/why)3The designer asked_we were getting on well with the project.(how/what/whether/that)4What we can learn from the story is_you mustnt blame children for the mistakes of their parents.(where/what/whethe

4、r/that)5 The media today can draw public attention to _help is actually needed.(that/which/where/whose)【答案】1What2when3whether4that5where1consist of由组成(或构成)The society consists of 30 members.这个协会有30个会员组成。consist in 存在于；在于consist with 并存；一致；符合 完成句子考试分两部分：笔试和口试。The exam _two parts:a written test and an

5、 oral.在许多美国大学里，获得一个学位需要学习36门课程，每门课程则需一个学期。In many American universities,the total work for a degree_thirtysix courses,each_for one semester(学期)【答案】1consists ofconsists of;lasting 2delight n.U 高兴，愉快 n乐事，令人高兴的事情 vt.使高兴，愉快This guitar is a delight to play.这个吉他弹起来很惬意。(1)英语中有一些抽象名词，在一定的语境下可以转化为表示具体意义的名词，前

6、面可以加不定冠词，即抽象名词具体化，可以这样用的名词还有：success(成功的人/事)；failure(失败的人/事)；surprise(令人惊讶的人/事)；shame(带来耻辱的人/事)；comfort(令人感到安慰的人/事)；worry(令人感到烦恼的人/事)；beauty(美人或美丽的事)；envy(令人羡慕的人/事)；shock(令人感到震惊的人/事)；regret(令人感到遗憾的人/事)；pleasure(令人感到高兴的人/事)等等。(2)delight相关的短语：be delighted at/by因而高兴be delighted with喜欢take/find delight

7、in以为乐be in high delight 非常高兴to ones delight 使某人高兴的是to the delight of sbwith delight 高兴地完成句子使我高兴的是，我可以为上海世博会做些事情了。_ _ _，I can do something for the Shanghai World Expo.把我的压岁钱捐给贫穷儿童是件很惬意的事情。Donating my lucky money to the poor children is _ _.在新年晚会上，所有的孩子又唱又跳，非常高兴。In the New Years party，all the children

8、 are singing and dancing，_ _ _.【答案】To my delight a delight in high delight3occur vi.发生；举行；存在；(to)被想起It occurred to me to visit my parents.我突然想去探望父母。Many mistakes occur in your composition.你的作文出现了许多错误。It occurs/occured to sb to do sth某人突然想起做某事“某人突然想起”的表达如下：Sth occurs to sb Sth strikes sbSth comes to

9、sb It occurs to sbthatclauseIt strikes sbthatclause occur，happen，come about，take place与break out在表示“发生”时这些词均为不及物动词，均没有被动语态形式。(1)occur“发生、想到、突然想起”，相当于happen(2)take place“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”(3)come about“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句(4)break out“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病等事件的发生完成句子今天早上起床时，我突然想到一个好主

10、意。An good idea_ me when I woke up this morning.机器出了故障时，汤姆想起了关闭电源。_turn off the power when the machine went wrong.我突然想到举办晚会来庆祝我们的胜利。_we should hold a party to celebrate our victory.【答案】occurred toIt occurred to Tom to It occurred to me that1Choose the words and phrases to fill in the blanks，changing

11、their forms if necessary.选择单词和短语填空，必要时变换其形式。此形式是条件状语从句中常见的省略形式，if与形容词之间的it is被省略了。if necessary 如果有必要，必要时。类似形式有：if possible(有可能的话，如果可能)，if so(如果是这样的话)，if any(即使有，就算有)，if ever(如果有过的话，如果发生过的话)，if not(否则的话，倘若，若非)等。Id like to visit the whole park today if possible.如果可能的话，我很想今天把整个游乐园都参观完。There is very lit

12、tle water，if any.即使有水，也只有一点儿。完成句子如果有必要，你可以参考字典。You can refer to a dictionary _.下周哪个晚上有空呢？要是有空，我们一块吃晚饭吧。Have you got a free evening next week？_，lets have dinner.【答案】if necessaryIf so2To make the crossing between these two great countries seemed as if it would take no time at all!从一个大国穿越到另一个大国看起来似乎毫不费

13、时！本句是一个主从复合句，不定式作主语，seemed后跟的是as if引导的状语从句。seem的意思是“似乎，好像，仿佛，看来”，现将其用法归纳如下：seem(to be)名词/形容词seem不定式(不定式有时用进行时或完成时)seemlike名词It seems that看起来，似乎There seems(to be)似乎有It seems as if/though似乎(从句常用虚拟语气，如果所述情况实现的可能性较大，则从句用陈述语气)完成句子你好面熟，我似乎在什么地方见过你。You look familiar to me.I seem_ _ _ you somewhere.看起来在工作当中

14、还有很多需要学习的东西。_ _ _ _ lots of things to learn in the office.【答案】to have seenThere seems to be名词性从句一、概念在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clause)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词(词组)，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)、表语以及同位语。根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句。二、连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可以分为三类：(1)连接词：that,whether，if(不充当从句的任何成分)；(2)连接代词：what,whate

15、ver,who,whoever,whom,whose,which(在句中充当主语，宾语或定语)；(3)连接副词：when,where,how,why(在句中充当状语，表示时间、地点、方式或原因)。三、名词性从句的分类(一)主语从句在复合句中，作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。1主语从句的引导词主 语 从 句 通 常 由 that,whether,what,who,which,whatever,whoever,whom,how,when,where,why等引导。其中，that在句中无实义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中充当一定成分。注意：whom，

16、who指人，what指物，whatever和whoever表示泛指意义。Who will win the match is still unknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。2用it作形式主语主语从句是在复合句中担任主语的句子；通常位于句末，句首则采用it作形式主语。注意，what引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：(1)It is名词词组(no wonder,an honour,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,common knowledge,a surprise,a fact,etc.)that从句(2)It is过去分词

17、(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)that(3)It不及物动词(appears,seems,happens,occurred to me,turned out，ect.)that从句(4)It否定意义动词(doesnt matter,makes no difference,ect.)that从句(5)It is形容词that从句It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。注意：连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语

18、it(what引导的主语从句除外)。但如果句子是疑问句，则必须使用带形式主语it的结构。此外，当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow?他们明天不来很要紧吗？How strange it is that the children are so quiet!孩子们这么安静真奇怪！3主语从句中的谓语动词形式在主语从句中，用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气：“(should)do”，常用的句型有：(1)It is necessary(imp

19、ortant,natural,strange，etc.)that(2)It is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)thatIts suggested that we(should)take measure at once.有人建议我们应该立刻采取措施。语法填空What he wants to read now _(be)some magazines.Its important that children _(have)their own hobbies and interests.It _(request)that he should lea

20、ve before seven oclock.【答案】is(should)haveis requested(二)宾语从句在复合句中，用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。1宾语从句的引导词宾语从句通常由连接词that,whether,if，连接代词或连接副词引导。(1)由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式文体中常被省去，但从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的that不可省。当that前有插入语时，that不宜省略。We must never think(that)we are good in everything while others are good in nothi

21、ng.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。注意：在demand,order,suggest,decide,insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“(should)动词原形”。I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。(2)连接代词/副词连接代词有who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等；连接副词有when,where,why,how,whenever,

22、wherever等。宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句但又不同于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。2宾语从句的时态在含有宾语从句的复合句中，当主句动词是过去时态(could,would除外)，从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时等。当从句表示的是很客观真理、科学原理、自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。但是，当主句动词是一般现在时时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。3否定意义后移在动词think,believe,imagine,suppose等后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句时

23、，通常主句用否定形式，否定意义转移到宾语从句中。We dont think you are here.我们认为你不在这。注意：通常只限于主句主语是第一人称的情况。4形式宾语it 当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句中使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语从句移至句末。语法填空I dont imagine that he _(come)tomorrow.How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on _ he goes with,whether his friends or relatives.单句改错Please tell

24、me which do you like better._I think safe that we stay here._【答案】will comewho/whoever/whom去掉dothink后加it(三)表语从句在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 系动词 that从句。The fact is that we have lost the game.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。Thats just what I want.这正是我想要的。注意：(1)当主语是r

25、eason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.他迟到的原因是早晨他晚了一分钟，错过了火车。(2)whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。四、名词性从句应注意以下几点1连接词what与that的用法区别what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分；that不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。What we need to do is to provide better education

26、 for girls.(宾语)2连接词whether和if的用法区别通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，要用连词whether，习惯上也说whetheror not。在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：a引导主语从句并在句首时；b引导表语从句时；c引导从句作介词宾语时；d从句后有“or not”时；e后接动词不定式时。I wonder whether he will come or not.(宾语，不可用if)我想知道他来还是不来。Can you tell me whether to go or to stay？(不可用if)你能否告诉我是去还是留？3名词性从句的语序与其他

27、从句一样，名词性从句必须用陈述语序。In ones own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以随心所欲。4who/whoever/what/whatever的用法区别一般说来，what/who含特指意义，而whatever/whoever含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。The club will give whoever wins a prize.俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。5连接词that的省略引导主语从句、表语从句的连接词that不能省略；但引导宾语从句时，that通常可以省略。用适当的词填空_we cant get seems better th

28、an_we have._caused the accident is still a complete mystery.No one can be sure _man will look like in a million years.You cant imagine _ excited they were when they received these nice Christmas presents._is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.It is generally considere

29、d unwise to give a child _he or she wants._has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.It was a matter of_would take the position.Our country has thousands of excellent scientists，most of _ have received higher education at home.【答 案】What；what What whathow It whatever Whoever whowhom.完成句子

30、1我们都知道谁将来做报告。_is known to us all.2问题是我们是否能及时完成这项工作。The question is_.3她说她将于下周归还那本书。She said_.4你能向我解释一下你昨天为什么没有来上学吗？Can you explain to me_?5他们获奖的事实令我们高兴。The fact_made us happy.【答案】1.Who will come to give the talk2whether we can finish the work in time3(that)she would return that book next week4why you

31、 didnt come to school yesterday5that they won the prize.句型转换1What has he told her?Do you know？(合并为复合句)Do you know _?2As is wellknown,China has the largest population in the world._ China has the largest population in the world.【答案】1what he has told her2It is wellknown that.用适当的连词填空1If you know _ it

32、was that wrote A Tale of Two Cities，raise your hand.2We hope _ you will enjoy your stay here.3After ten years，she has changed a lot and looks different from _ she used to be.4A reward of 1,000 dollars will be given to _ can find the lost child.5After five days climbing the mountain，they reached _ th

33、ey thought was the place theyd been dreaming of.6._ worries me a lot is _ I keep forgetting what I just have done.7._ the meeting should last two days or three days doesnt matter.8._ he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us.9We never doubt _ our school team will win the match against No.3 Middle School.10We must find out _ Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.【答案】1.who2.that3.what4.whoever5.what6What；that7.Whether8.That9.that10.when