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1、Book OneUnit 1 The Middle Eastern BazaarThe Middle Eastern BazaarPre-readingWhile-readingPost-readingBackground informationWriting styleMacro-structureWords&expressionsRhetoricExercisesPre-readingWhat occurs to you when the term Middle East is mentioned?veiled womenmen in robes or turbanscopper vess

2、elscarpets(rug,tapestry)spicesMuslinsThe mosqueThe KoranAllahDesert CamelsCaravansary Trade caravan Merchants Silk RoadTrade caravan Merchants Silk RoadOasismiragePetroleumThe NileSandstorm,sand dustOstrich(policy)Pyramids Mummies Sphinx Sphinxs RiddleBackground informationMiddle EastGothic building

3、 and Gothic styleThe Middle Eastern BazaarMiddle EastMiddle East:Middle East:Southeast Asia and Northeast Africa,including the Near East and Iran and AfghanistanNear East:Near East:the Arabian Peninsula(Saudi Arabia,Yemen,Oman阿曼,United Arab Emirates,Qatar,Bahrein巴林,and Kuwait),Turkey,Iraq,Syria,Jord

4、an,Lebanon,Palestine,Egypt and Sudan.Far East:Far East:China,Japan,Korea,Mongolia and East SiberiaMiddle Gothic building and Gothic style EastThe word“Goth”came from the name of a Germanic tribe.The Gothic people were famous for their brutal and uncivilized qualities.Gothic Buildingan architectural

5、style in middle age,which was tall sharp pointed,vaulted roof or tower,narrow windows,colorful glass,dark houses,gloomy ladders.Gothic building and Gothic styleDo you know about Gothic novels?Do you know about Gothic novels?Gothic novels caGothic novels came into being with its specific characterist

6、ics:Frankenstein弗兰肯斯坦 by Mary Shelley in the 18th c.gloomy placesgloomy places like the dark subterranean vault,the outlandish and desolate castle,the decaying abbey,and the gloomy forest in the Middle Agesin the Middle Ages.the innocent heroinesthe innocent heroines are usually imprisoned in those

7、gothic loci and set completely isolated from the outside isolated from the outside worldworldThey are dominated by evil male figuresevil male figures such as villainous bandits,depraved monks and even horrible specters.Though the plots and themes focus on the depiction of a a series of weird and sim

8、ulative eventsseries of weird and simulative events such as murder,revenge,violence,rape and incest.The Middle Eastern Bazaarlisten to the tape and answer questions:1.What is the writing style of the reading/2.How many different markets are mentioned in the reading?A DescriptionA DescriptionA descri

9、ption is painting a picture in words of a person,place,object,or scene.the copper-smiths market,carpet-market,spice-market,food-market,dye-market,pottery-market,carpenters marketMacro-structureSection I:(paras.1,2)General atmosphereSection II(One of the peculiarities)the cloth market Paragraph 2:Clo

10、th-market(central word:muted)Paragraphs 3-4:Digressions/intolude/branch/insersionSection III(One of the most picturesque)the coppersmith market and etc.Paragraphs 5-6:Copper-smiths market(central word:picturesque)Paragraph 7:Other markets:carpet,spice,food,dye,pottery,carpentersSection IV(Perhaps th

11、e most unforgettable)the mill where linseed oil is madeWords&expressionsBazaarBazaar:1)An oriental market-place where a variety of goods is sold.It is from the Persian word“bazaar”.2)In Britain and US,it is a sale of goods,made by hand,to raise money for a charity or for people who need help.义卖The M

12、iddle Eastern BazaarTEXT ANALYSIS1.The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds-even thousands-of years.The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a GothicGothic-arched gateway of aged brick and stone.You pass from the heat and glare of a big,open square into a cool,dark cavern cavern

13、which extends as far as the eye can see,losing itself in the shadowy distance.Little donkeys with harmoniouslyharmoniously tinklingtinkling bells thread their way among the throngs throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar.The roadway is about twelve feet wide,but it is narrowed every few ya

14、rds by little stallsstalls where goods of every conceivableconceivable kind are sold.The din din of the stall-holder;crying their wares,of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way for themselves by shouting vigorously,and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining bargaining is continuous and makes

15、 you dizzydizzy.extend:thread ones way:move carefully or skillfully in and out of obstaclesnarrow:In the bright sunlight she had to narrow her eyes.The river narrows at this point.They narrowed the search fnarrowed the search for the missing boy down to five streets near the school.She looked far in

16、to the shadowy distance,her eyes narrowed,a hand on the eyebrows to prevent the glare.conceive v.1）to imagine sth(to conceive of sth as sth)e.g.God is often conceived of as male.2）to form an ideae.g.He conceived the idea of repairing the car.3）to conceive a child=to be pregnantPara2:penetrate into,f

17、ades away,the muted cloth-market,the earthen floor,deadens the sound,speak in measured tones,be overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere,follow suitpenetrate:to enter,pass,cut,or force a way into or through.The word suggests force,a compelling power to make entrance and also resistance in the medium

18、.The bullet can penetrate a wall.Rainwater has penetrated through the roof of my house.fade:to lose strength,color,freshness,etc.Color cloth often fades when it is washed.The light faded as the sun went down.fade away:go slowly out of hearing,gradually disappearing The farther you push/force your wa

19、y into the bazaar,the lower and softer the noise becomes until finally it disappears.Then you arrive at the cloth market where the sound is hardly audible.The sound of the footsteps faded away.The noise of the airplane faded away.overwhelm:overcome,control completely and usu.suddenlyThe enemy were o

20、verwhelmed by superior forces.Sorrow overwhelmed the family.She was overwhelmed with griefThey won an overwhelming victory/majority.follow suit:to do the same as one else has,to play/to deal the cards of the same suits(in poker,there two red suits,and two black suits.They are hearts,diamonds,spades,

21、clubs,jokers,aces,kings,queens and jacks(knaves).When the others went swimming,I followed suit.He went to bed and I followed suit after a few minutes.Para3-4Deal in the goods,scatter sb/sth over sp.,form a close-knit guild against,line the roadway on both sides,for display,the order of,the veiled wo

22、men,at a leisurely pace,do a preliminary bargaining,narrow down,beat the price downA point of honour to do.,price the item high,make a point of doing,deprive sb.Of sth.,personal regard for sb.,at intervalsDisplay,exhibit,demonstrate,show offThe peacock displayed its fine feathers.display bravery/fea

23、r/true feelings/no sign of emotionbe too fond of display=show offdisplay flight foreign cars on displayexhibit:to show in public,as for sale,or in a competition(object,sometimes of an understood type)to exhibit the paintings/flowers/new carsThey began to exhibit signs of fear/guilt.demonstrate1.to s

24、how clearly;2.to prove or make clear,esp by reasoning or giving many examples;3.to show the value or use of,esp to a possible buyer;4.to arrange or take part in a public show of strong feeling or opinion,often with marching,big signs,etce.g.Please demonstrate how the machine works.She demonstrated t

25、hat 2 and 2 are 4.the order of the day:the normal way of doing things;that which is of the greatest general interest at a p.time;prevailing state of things.a point of honor(conscience):sth.of vital importance to ones honor or conscience;to ones self-respectmake a point of:regard or treat it as neces

26、sary;try ones best to insist on doing sth.He always makes a point of being where he should be at the exact time arranged.（be punctual)To realize our goal of the four modernizations,we make a point of learning the strong points of all nations,learning all that genuinely good in the political,scientif

27、ic and technical fields and in art and literature.The teachers make a point of making strict demands on the students.Tourists to Beijing make a point of visiting the Great Wall.Paraphrase1.Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people：2.Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar,the

28、noise of the entrance fades away,and you come to the muted cloth-market:3.they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down:the donkeys went in and out among the crowded people and from one side to another.When you pass through a big crowd to go deeper int

29、o the market,the noise gradually disappear and you come to the soundless cloth market.They reduce the number of their choices and begin bargain with the seller,causing the seller to lower price.6.One of the most picturesque and impressive parts of the bazaar is the copper-smiths market.As you approa

30、ch it,a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.It grows louder and more distinct,until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes,as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers.In each shop sit the apprentices boys and youths,some

31、of them incredibly young hammering away at copper vessels of all shapes and sizes,while the shop-owner instructs,and sometimes takes a hand with a hammer himself.In the background,a tiny apprentice blows a bi-,charcoal fir e with a huge leather bellows worked by a string attached to his big toe-the

32、red of the live coals glowing,bright and then dimming rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows.impinge on/upon:to have a noticeable effect on sth/sb.Esp.a bad one,annoying,disturbingI heard the rain impinge upon the earth.The strong light impinge on his eyes.The noise of the aeroplane overhead imp

33、inged on our ears.He never allowed his work to impinge on his private life.hammer away at sthammer away at sth:work hard to achieve a punaway:continuously,constantly So little Hans worked away in his garden.He was laughing(grumbling)away all afternoon.under the hammer:to be sold at sanction 拍卖hammer

34、 sth home:to emphasize sth and make it understoodtake a hand(in):help,play a part inIf the strike continues,the government will have to take a hand in the negotiations.Frank always takes a hand in the washing-up after dinner.be(very much)attached to:be fond of;be bound to by love or affectionHe atta

35、ched himself to the group of climbers.His firm attached him to the sales division of the business.No blame/guilt attaches to him for the accident.She is deeply attached to her younger brother.He is foolishly attached to old customs.aid with no conditions attached a bedroom with a bathroom attachedat

36、tach:(Fr.)a person who is employed to help the representative(ambassador)of one country in another countrystroke:single movement,which is repeated(esp.in a sport or game)She cant swim but has made a few strokes with her arms.Backstroke,breaststroke,butterfly,freestyle,medley 仰泳，蛙泳，蝶泳，自由泳，混合泳 Here yo

37、u can find beautiful pots and bowls engrave with delicate and intricate intricate traditional designs,or the simple,everyday kitchenware used in this country,pleasing in form,but undecorated and strictly functional.Elsewhere there is the carpet-market,with its profusion of rich colours,varied textur

38、es and regional designs-some bold and simple,others unbelievably detailed and yet harmonious(translation).Then there is the spice-market,with its pungent pungent and exotic exotic smells;and the food-market,where you can buy everything you need for the most sumptuoussumptuous dinner,or sit in a tiny

39、 restaurant with porters and apprentices and eat your humble bread and cheese.The dye-market,the pottery-market and the carpenters market lie elsewhere in the maze maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb honeycomb this bazaar.Every here and there,a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard,perha

40、ps before a mosque mosque or a caravanserai caravanserai,where camels lie disdainfully disdainfully chewing their hay,while the great bales of merchandise they have carried hundreds of miles across the desert lie beside them.translation在这里，你会看到许多精美的锅碗瓢盆，上面雕刻着各种精细复杂的传统图案，也能看到一些当地人日常使用的质朴无华的厨房用具，虽无花纹图

41、案，但造形美观，经济实用。再走一处便是地毯市场。这儿有各种质地的地毯，它们色彩斑炯，花纹图案富有地方特色有的简单粗犷，有的精巧和谐得令人吃惊。Directions:Translate the following paragraph into English.在17世纪和18世纪，中国的艺术、建筑和哲学在西方很受欣赏。此外，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器在西方也备受欣赏，并在一定程度上改变了许多西方的生活方式。进入20世纪后期，西方人再次转向中国文化。他们除了喜欢中国菜肴外，还学习汉语，尝试中国医药，练习中国武术，观看功夫电影。Exercises:参考译文：During the 17th and 18t

42、h centuries,Chinese art,architecture and philosophy had been quite appreciated in the west.In addition,Chinese silk,tea and porcelain had been warmly welcomed,and had altered,to some extent,the lifestyle of many westerners.In the last part of the 20th century,the westerners focused their attention o

43、n Chinese culture again.Besides enjoying Chinese food,they learned Chinese,tried out Chinese medicine and herbs,watched gongfu films.Para8-9Para8-9apart from,vast,massive,constantly,the motive power,to extract the oil,ramshackle apparatus,tower to,dwarf sb.,climb up nimbly,throw his weight on to sth

44、,set sth in motion,a used petrolhuge,vast,massivehuge:huge:rather general term indicating extreme largeness,usu.in size,shape,or capacityA whale or an elephant is a huge animal.The huge rocket towered high above the buildings around it.She spent a huge amount of money on that coat.vast:vast:denotes

45、extreme largeness or broadness,esp.of extent or rangeThe Sahara is a vast desert.The vast plains of the country spread for hundreds of miles.A billion dollars is a vast amount of money.MassivMassive implies weighty,huge and strong The camel is muscular,massive and stately.glitter,flash,glistenglitte

46、r,flash,glisten glisten:(esp.of wet of polishewet of polished surface,tear-filled eyes)shine brightly,sparkleHis eyes glistened with tears.Her hair glistens with oil.glistening dew-dropsflash:It implies a sudden outburst of light or a sudden display of sth.that brilliantly reflects light.Lightening

47、flashed in the sky.The light on top of the police car was flashing.A brilliant idea flashed through his mind.a flash of hope/geniusglitter:connotes greater brilliancy or showiness than sparkle,sometimes with the implication of sth.SinisterAll is not gold that glitters.translationtranslation这套装置是由一个人

48、操作的。他先将亚麻籽浆这套装置是由一个人操作的。他先将亚麻籽浆铲入一只大石缸里，继而动作利索地爬上令人铲入一只大石缸里，继而动作利索地爬上令人头晕目眩的高处系牢缆索，然后全身使劲压在头晕目眩的高处系牢缆索，然后全身使劲压在一根用树干做成的粗大的横梁上，带动缆索的一根用树干做成的粗大的横梁上，带动缆索的滑轮装置运转。古木大梁压得嘎吱作响，缆索滑轮装置运转。古木大梁压得嘎吱作响，缆索开始绷紧，接着便见一滴滴的油沿着一条石槽开始绷紧，接着便见一滴滴的油沿着一条石槽流入一只废旧汽油桶里。随着大梁越压越低，流入一只废旧汽油桶里。随着大梁越压越低，缆索越绷越紧，大梁的嘎吱声，石磙的辘辘声，缆索越绷越紧，大

49、梁的嘎吱声，石磙的辘辘声，以及骆驼不时发出的咕噜咕噜的呼吸声和叹息以及骆驼不时发出的咕噜咕噜的呼吸声和叹息声响成一片，榨出的油也很快地由涓滴细流变声响成一片，榨出的油也很快地由涓滴细流变成了一股晶莹发亮、奔腾不止的洪流。成了一股晶莹发亮、奔腾不止的洪流。RhetoricMetaphorMetaphorsimilesimilepersonificationpersonificationhyperbolehyperboleonomatopoeiaonomatopoeiaRhetoricMetaphorMetaphorAbbr.met.,that ordinarily one thing is us

50、ed to designate another,thus making an implicit comparison,as in“a sea of troubles”dark cavern,fairyland,maze,honeycomb,etcform a closely knit guild.a vast sombre cavern of a roomsimilesimiletwo essentially unlike things are compared,often in a phrase introduced by like or as,as in “How like the win

51、ter hath my absence been”or “So are you to my thoughts as food to life”(Shakespeare).Rhetoricpersonificationpersonification:inanimate objects or abstractions are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form,“Hunger sat shivering on the road”“Flowers danced about the lawn”

52、.The Middle Easter bazaar takes you.dancing flashesThe beam sinkstaut and protestingRhetorichyperbolehyperboleexaggeration is used for emphasis or effect,“I could sleep for a year”“this book weighs a ton”.takes you.hundreds even thousands of yearsevery conceivable,innumerable lamps,incredibly young,

53、with the dust of centuriesRhetoriconomatopoeiaonomatopoeiaThe formation or use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to creak,squeak,rumble,grunt,sigh,groan,etc.tinkling,banging,clashingthe squeaking and rumbling of the grinding whe

54、els and the grunts and sighs of the camelsExercises合成词(compound)1.adj+n+ed:kind-hearted,warm-hearted,cold-blooded,strong-winded.2.v-ing+n:waiting-room,dining-hall,dancing-eoom,smiling-face.3.v+ed+n:limped-goat,blinded-man,broken-heart),lost-child(迷途的儿童),dicarded-child(弃婴)discarded-baby,etc.4.adv+v+e

55、d:well-colored,well-versed,well-educated,fair-treated,etc.5.adv+and+adv:out+and+out(彻头彻尾),down+and+out(落魄的),etc.6.Other froms:a three-year-old boy,the would-be customer,a yes-or-no answer,the he-was-dead fact,etc.1)A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.2)At the bazaar ther

56、e are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.3)I really dont know what it is that has made him so angry.4)The newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs.5)Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends

57、 as far as the eye can see.6)They decided to buy that house with.a garage attached.Exercisestranslation7)The teachers make a point of being strict with the students.8)This little girl is very much attached to her father.9)To achieve the four modernization,we make a point of learning from the advanced science and technology of other countries.10)As dusk fell,daylight faded away.11)The apprentice watched his master carefully and then followed suit.12)Frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner.Exercises