2022年考博英语-沈阳药科大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第32期

《2022年考博英语-沈阳药科大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第32期》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-沈阳药科大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第32期（56页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、2022年考博英语-沈阳药科大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题The 100 Aker Wood may look like a dark, forbidding place these days for Michael D. Eisner. Thats where Winnie the Pooh, Piglet, and Eeyore live, and the cartoon characterswhich represent at least $1 billion a year in revenues for Eisners Walt Disney Co.are

2、in full revolt. A 12-years-old lawsuit, sealed in a Los Angeles court until January, has come to light, and a series of court rulings threaten the media giant with hundreds of millions in overdue license payments and possibly the loss of one of its most lucrative properties.How large a hit Disney wi

3、ll take is still in dispute. Disney is appealing two rulings, including one alleging that company executives knowingly destroyed important papers related to its licensing deals. The Pooh affair may seem minor at a time when Eisner is under attack for Disneys chronically weak stock price and ABCs ane

4、mic ratings, but the Disney chairman hardly needs more jostling from a Silly Old Bear. Whats more, the impact could be significant. After acknowledging to the Securities Exchange Commission on Aug. 9 that “damages could total as much as several hundred million dollars” or the loss of the licensing a

5、greement, Disney was hit with new shareholder lawsuits.Disney wants to keep its grip on that bear and his honey jar. Pooh is Disneys single largest property, says Martin Brockstein executive editor of The Licensing Letter. That adds up to about $100 million in operating earnings from royalties on Po

6、oh T-shirts, backpacks, and other merchandise? Figures Gerard Klauer Matheson & Co. analyst Jeffrey Logsdon. Last year, Disney paid $352 million to one pair of heirs of Winnie-the-Pooh author A. A. Milne. But the family of Stephen A. Slesinger, a New York literary agent who bought the U. S. rights i

7、n 1930, says Disney owes them $200 million on licenses for T-shirts and other merchandise and has cut them entirely out of the lucrative videocassette and DVD arena. Headed by Shirley Slesinger Lasswell, an 80-year-old widow who travels with a Winnie-the-Pooh bear everywhere, the family contends it

8、is owed close to $1 billion, say its lawyers. Disney, which says it pays the Slesingers $12 million a year, insists the $1 billion figure is a publicity stunt. “The 1930 contract says they get royalties on merchandise alone, not all exploitation,” says Disney attorney Daniel J. Petrocelli.The Slesin

9、gers also charge that Disney lost documents related to merchandise sales and destroyed others that extended the accord to DVDs and videotapes. On June 18, Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Ernest M. Hiroshige rejected the audit by a forensic accountant he thought unduly favored Disney and found that

10、Disney “misused the discovery process” by hiding the fact that it destroyed documents that might have expanded the licensing agreement to tapes and DVDs.Absent those documentswhich include the papers of the late Disney Consumer Products chief Vincent Jefferdsthe case may hinge on the “mommy memo.” T

11、hat memo, written in 1983 by Slesinger daughter Patricia to her mother, Shirley, describes a meeting with Jefferds at the Beverly Hills Hotel at which Jefferds allegedly told Patricia “that videos and all these new things were covered and to shut up about it,” according to court documents. Because D

12、isney destroyed Jefferds letters, Judge Hiroshige ruled that Disney is barred from “introducing evidence disputing” the familys contention that they were entitled to royalties on videocassettes. Disney is appealing the ruling.Settlement seems unlikely among the parties. One obstacle: the still-simme

13、ring animosity toward Slesinger lawyer Bertram Fields, who won a $250 million settlement for former Disney studio Chief Jeffrey Katzenberg in a hyper-charged 1999 case. This time, the character may be soft and fuzzy, but the payout could be bigger. For Eisner, Pooh is becoming one Very Big Bother.1.

14、 The expression “in full revolt” in the sentence “Thats where Winnie the Pooh, Piglet, and Eeyore live, and the cartoon characters., are in full revolt.” (Para. 1) implies that _.2. The word “anemic” in the expression “Eisner is under attack for., ABCs anemic ratings” (Para. 2) can be paraphrased as

15、 _.3. The sentence “Disney wants to keep its grip on that bear and his honey jar. (Para. 3) can best be explained as which of the following?4. Why does the author say that Disneys case may “hinge on the mommy memo”?5. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?问题1选项A.the cartoon cha

16、racters are no longer popularB.Disney is seriously involved in lawsuitsC.they show the sign of defeat of Disney in lawsuitsD.the cartoon characters no longer play positive roles问题2选项A.flexibleB.changingC.steadyD.declining问题3选项A.Disney wants to take back the bear so as to make more honey.B.Disney wan

17、ts to take control of its cartoon characters.C.Disney wants to keep the most profitable property Winnie the Pooh.D.Disney wants to win the 12-year-old lawsuit.问题4选项A.Because Disney has been barred from introducing further evidence.B.Because the documents related to Disneys merchandise sales cannot b

18、e found.C.Because this might be the only document revealing Disneys original attitude.D.Because Slesinger daughter faithfully recorded Jefferds words.问题5选项A.Disney has introduced convincing evidence to defend itself.B.Disney has destroyed some important papers on purpose.C.Disney has lost in the 199

19、9 case with Jeffrey Katzenberg.D.The stock price of Disney has been going down for a period of time.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1. 【选项释义】The expression “in full revolt” in the sentence “Thats where Winnie the Pooh, Piglet, and Eeyore live, and the cartoon characters., are in full revolt.” (Para

20、. 1) implies that _. “那是维尼熊、小猪和屹耳住的地方和其他卡通人物正在全力反抗。”（第1段）这句话中“正在全力反抗”暗示_。A. the cartoon characters are no longer popular A. 这些卡通形象不再受欢迎B. Disney is seriously involved in lawsuits B. 迪士尼陷入严重的诉讼危机C. they show the sign of defeat of Disney in lawsuits C. 他们表明迪士尼可能在诉讼中失败D. the cartoon characters no longe

21、r play positive roles D. 这些卡通形象不再扮演积极的角色【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干关键词Para. 1定位到原文第1段。题干定位句为本段的背景信息，根据文章的行文结构，本段后文才是引入的主题。定位句中间插入部分提到“这意味着艾斯纳旗下的华特迪士尼公司每年至少有10亿美元的收入（$1 billion a year in revenues）。”本段后文提到“一桩被封存在洛杉矶法院长达12年之久的诉讼（old lawsuit）在1月被曝光”，“一系列的法庭裁决导致这个媒体巨头将面临数亿美元的过期许可费（hundreds of millions in overdu

22、e license payments），并且它可能失去其最赚钱的财产之一（the loss of one of its most lucrative properties）”。由此可知，“正在全力反抗”应该是指本来给迪士尼带来巨额收入的卡通形象们，现在有可能让它面临巨额的赔偿，B选项“迪士尼陷入严重的诉讼危机”更符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“这些卡通形象不再受欢迎”，不符合段落主题，本段及本文主要的话题是“诉讼”，卡通人物只是引入话题的背景，该选项属于无中生有；C选项“他们表明迪士尼可能在诉讼中失败”，原文只说面临诉讼，并没有说诉讼会失败，该选项属于过度推理；D选项“这些卡通形象不再扮演积极

23、的角色”，卡通形象并不是本段及本文的中心话题，该选项属于无中生有。2. 【选项释义】The word “anemic” in the expression “Eisner is under attack for., ABCs anemic ratings” (Para. 2) can be paraphrased as _. “艾斯纳（Eisner）因和美国广播公司（ABC）_的收视率而受到攻击”一词中的“anemic”一词。（第2段）可以理解为_。A. flexible A. 灵活的B. changing B. 变化的C. steady C. 稳定的D. declining D. 下降的【考

24、查点】词汇推测题【解题思路】由题干引用句可知，anemic是形容美国广播公司的收视率的，而Eisner因为这个收视率的问题正受到攻击，由此推断，收视率应该不好，D选项“下降的”符合原文。另外，anemic的本义是“贫血的”。【干扰项排除】A选项“灵活的”、B选项“变化的”、C选项“稳定的”不符合语境。3. 【选项释义】The sentence “Disney wants to keep its grip on that bear and his honey jar. (Para. 3) can best be explained as which of the following? “迪士尼想

25、要紧紧抓住那只熊和他的蜂蜜罐。”（第3段）这句话可以最好地解释为下列哪一个？A. Disney wants to take back the bear so as to make more honey. A. 迪斯尼想把熊拿回来，以便制造更多的蜂蜜。B. Disney wants to take control of its cartoon characters. B. 迪斯尼想要控制它的卡通人物。C. Disney wants to keep the most profitable property Winnie the Pooh. C. 迪士尼想要保留维尼熊这一最赚钱的资产。D. Disn

26、ey wants to win the 12-year-old lawsuit. D. 迪士尼希望赢得这场长达12年的官司。【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干关键词Para. 3定位到原文第3段。题干引用句为本段第1句。本段第2句提到“小熊维尼是迪士尼最大的资产（Pooh is Disneys single largest property）”。本段的后文主要在介绍迪士尼公司与小熊维尼作者的经济纠纷。另外，本文第一段提到迪士尼公司正面临的诉讼危机，可能导致它损失其最赚钱的资产，由此推断，定位句中“紧紧抓住那只熊和他的蜂蜜罐”指的是牢牢抓住这个最赚钱的资产，C选项“迪士尼想要保留维尼熊这一

27、最赚钱的资产”符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“迪斯尼想把熊拿回来，以便制造更多的蜂蜜”，小熊维尼不是本段的重点，该选项没有表达出原句背后的含义，属于本末倒置；B选项“迪斯尼想要控制它的卡通人物”，小熊维尼不是本段的重点，并且原文并没有体现“控制”的信息，该选项属于无中生有；D选项“迪士尼希望赢得这场长达12年的官司”，原文第1段最后一句提到“一系列的法庭裁决导致这个媒体巨头将面临数亿美元的过期许可费（hundreds of millions in overdue license payments），并且它可能失去其最赚钱的财产之一（the loss of one of its most luc

28、rative properties）。”要想赢得这场官司，仅仅靠小熊维尼是不够的，该选项属于过度推理。4. 【选项释义】Why does the author say that Disneys case may “hinge on the mommy memo”? 为什么作者说迪士尼的案例可能“取决于妈咪备忘录”？A. Because Disney has been barred from introducing further evidence. A. 因为迪士尼被禁止提供进一步的证据。B. Because the documents related to Disneys merchandi

29、se sales cannot be found. B. 因为找不到与迪士尼商品销售相关的文件。C. Because this might be the only document revealing Disneys original attitude. C. 因为这可能是唯一一份揭示迪士尼原始态度的文件。D. Because Slesinger daughter faithfully recorded Jefferds words. D. 因为斯莱辛格的女儿忠实地记录了杰弗斯的话。【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】根据题干关键词mommy memo定位到原文第5段。本段第1句提到“如果没有这些

30、文件（Absent those documents），这起案件可能取决于妈咪备忘录（mommy memo）。”根据those documents定位到上一段，上一段提到“斯勒辛格夫妇还指控迪士尼丢失了与商品销售有关的文件（documents），并销毁了其他将协议扩展到光盘和录像带的文件。”由此可知，与扩展协议有关的其他文件可能丢失或被销毁了。第5段第2-3句提到“这个备忘录描述了她妈妈在贝弗利山庄酒店与Jefferds的一次会面”，并且在这次会面中“Jefferds告诉帕特丽夏视频和所有这些新文件都被掩盖了”，由此可知，这本备忘录记录了迪士尼的态度。因此，C选项“因为这可能是唯一一份揭示迪士尼

31、原始态度的文件”符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“因为迪士尼被禁止提供进一步的证据”，可定位到第5段最后一句，该句提到“由于迪士尼销毁了Jefferds的信件，法官Hiroshige裁定，迪士尼被禁止引入证据反驳Jefferds家族关于他们有权获得录像带版税的主张。”由此可知，法官因为这份备忘录的帮助确定“迪士尼销毁了Jefferds的信件”，因此“迪士尼被禁止提供进一步的证据”，所以，该选项表述的是“果”，而“妈咪备忘录”是“因”，该选项属于因果倒置；B选项“因为找不到与迪士尼商品销售相关的文件”，虽然这个文件的确丢失了，但是更重要的是“其他将协议扩展到光盘和录像带的文件被销毁了”，因为第3段

32、最后一句提到“迪士尼的律师说迪士尼与原作者的协议只涉及到商品的版税（get royalties on merchandise alone），不包括其他（not all exploitation）”，而备忘录正好可以说明拓展协议的存在。该选项属于曲解原文；D选项“因为斯莱辛格的女儿忠实地记录了杰弗斯的话”，只是因为忠实地记录，并不足以解释迪士尼的案例为什么可能取决于“妈咪备忘录”，该选项属于本末倒置。5. 【选项释义】Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage? 下面哪个选项不是能从文章中得出的结论？A. Disney

33、has introduced convincing evidence to defend itself. A. 迪士尼已经提出了令人信服的证据来为自己辩护。B. Disney has destroyed some important papers on purpose. B. 迪士尼故意销毁了一些重要文件。C. Disney has lost in the 1999 case with Jeffrey Katzenberg. C. 迪士尼在1999年与杰弗里卡曾伯格（Jeffrey Katzenberg）的官司中败诉。D. The stock price of Disney has been

34、going down for a period of time. D. 迪士尼的股价已经下跌一段时间了。【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】题干要求选出“不能从原文中得出的结论”。A选项“迪士尼已经提出了令人信服的证据来为自己辩护”可定位到原文最后一段第1句，该句说到“各方之间似乎不太可能达成和解。”由此可知，迪士尼没能拿出让人信服的证据，A选项表述错误，符合题意。【干扰项排除】B选项“迪士尼故意销毁了一些重要文件”，由上一题解析可知，该选项表述正确，属于反向干扰；C选项“迪士尼在1999年与杰弗里卡曾伯格（Jeffrey Katzenberg）的官司中败诉”可定位到原文最后一段第3句，该句提到“

35、1999年，菲尔兹在一起激烈的案件中为迪士尼前工作室负责人杰弗里卡曾伯格（Jeffrey Katzenberg）赢得了2.5亿美元的庭外和解”，由此可知，Jeffrey Katzenberg赢了，那么迪士尼就输了。该选项表述正确，属于反向干扰；D选项“迪士尼的股价已经下跌一段时间了”，可定位到原文第2段第3句，该句提到“迪士尼长期疲软的股价（Disneys chronically weak stock price）”，由此可知，该选项表述正确，属于反向干扰。2. 单选题Many people, if not most, _ literary taste as an elegant accomp

36、lishment, by acquiring which they will complete themselves, and make themselves finally fit as members of a correct society.问题1选项A.look onB.look downC.look inD.look into【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析与上下文语义。A选项look on“观看；看待”；B选项look down“俯视；瞧不起”；C选项look in“往里看；（on顺道拜访）”；D选项look into“调查；窥视”。句意：许多人，即使不是大多数，_把文学品味作为一种

37、高雅的修养根据句意，此处表达的是把文学品味看作一种高雅的修养，A选项最符合句意。因此，本题最佳选项为A。3. 单选题They speak of election campaign polls as a musician might of an orchestra _, or a painter of defective paint.问题1选项A.in paceB.out of focusC.in stepD.out of tune【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. in pace 保持同步 B. out of focus 失焦C. in step 步调一致 D. out of tune 走调【

38、考查点】句间逻辑【解题思路】空格处所填词是音乐家（a musician）的后置定语，而根据原句句意“他们把选举投票说成是管弦乐队中_的乐师或油漆涂不好（defective paint）的油漆匠”，由此可知，空格处的内容应该与“有缺陷的（defective）”语义一致，因此，D选项out of tune“走调”符合原文语义衔接。【干扰项排除】A选项in pace“保持同步”，与“有缺陷的（defective）”语义不一致；B选项out of focus“失焦”，一般用于摄影师，不用于乐师；C选项in step“步调一致”与“有缺陷的（defective）”语义不一致。【句意】他们把选举投票说成是

39、“管弦乐队中跑调的乐师”或“油漆有缺陷的油漆匠”。4. 单选题Irans possible acquisition of nuclear weapons is a serious matter, but it does not _ military action.问题1选项A.compromiseB.easeC.accommodateD.justify【答案】C【解析】句间逻辑中的转折关系。A选项compromise“妥协，折中”；B选项ease“减轻，缓解”；C选项accommodate“给提供方便”；D选项justify“证明是正当的；替辩护”。句意：虽然伊朗可能拥有核武器是一个严重的问题

40、，但这不_军事行动。根据but推断，前后两句意思发生了转折，前半句表达的是问题的严重性，那么后半句表达的是这件严重的事情还算好的一面，C选项accommodate“给提供方便”符合语境，句意为“虽然伊朗可能拥有核武器是一个严重的问题，但它不用于军事行动”。因此，本题最佳选项为C。5. 单选题The pathetic sight brought bit tears to my eyes again and made my chest ache with the weight of such sadness.问题1选项A.indifferentB.pitifulC.disgracefulD.pro

41、mising【答案】B【解析】上下文语义。A选项indifferent“冷漠的；不关心的”；B选项pitiful“可怜的”；C选项disgraceful“可耻的”；D选项promising“有前途的”。句意：这_的景象又一次让我的眼睛里充满了泪水，我的胸口因为这种悲伤的重量而感到疼痛。根据句意，这种景象让人流泪，让人悲伤而心痛，B选项pitiful“可怜的”最符合语境，原文pathetic“可怜的，悲哀的”。因此，本题最佳选项为B。6. 单选题The spokesman talked about the cause of the accident, but the media didnt se

42、em to buy it.问题1选项A.confirmB.exaggerateC.acceptD.purchase【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. confirm 证实 B. exaggerate 夸大C. accept 接受；相信 D. purchase 购买【考查点】动词辨析与熟词僻义【解题思路】buy最常见的意义是“购买”，但原句的主语是媒体，宾语是发言人对事故原因的解释，“购买”不符合该语境。Buy还有一个意义是“相信”，这个意义更符合语境，C选项accept“接受”，在表达接受某个观念时，译为“相信”。【干扰项排除】A选项confirm“证实”，没有依据；B选项exaggerate

43、“夸大”，没有依据；D选项purchase“购买”，虽符合基本义，但不符合语境。【句意】发言人谈到了事故的原因，但媒体似乎并不买账。7. 单选题The word “conservation” has a thrifty meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human populati

44、on would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs al

45、l through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; timber was still cheap because it could be brought in an

46、y quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-terms climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of the meaning that it has for us today.For the sake of ourselves and those who

47、will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyones daily life. To know about the water table in the ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all

48、 watersheds need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of bi

49、g, mature trees, because living space for most of mans fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.1. The authors attitude towa

50、rds the current situation in the exploitation of natural resources is _.2. According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that _.3. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that earlier generations didnt realize _.4. To avoid repeating the mistake of our forefathers, the aut

51、hor suggests that _.5. What does the author imply by saying “living space. is figured. also in cubic volume above the earth” (Para. 3)?问题1选项A.positiveB.neutralC.suspiciousD.critical问题2选项A.they had no idea about scientific forestryB.they had little or no sense of environmental protectionC.they were n

52、ot aware of the significance of nature studyD.they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials问题3选项A.the interdependence of water, soil, and living thingsB.the importance of the proper use of landC.the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floodsD.the value of the beauty of nature问题4选项A

53、.we plant more treesB.natural science be taught to everybodyC.environmental education be directed toward everyoneD.we return to nature问题5选项A.Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smaller.B.Our living space should be measured in cubic volume.C.We need to take some measure to protect sp

54、ace.D.We must preserve good living conditions for both birds and animals.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1. 观点态度题。题干“作者对自然资源开发现状的态度是_。”根据原文第3段第1句For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers.（为了我们自己和后人的利益，我们现在必须着手弥补前人的错误。

55、）可知，作者认为前人对自然资源开采的行为是错误的，并且后文一直在写我们应该怎样节约资源、保护环境，所以D选项“批评的”最符合，排除A选项“肯定的”、B选项“中立的”、C选项“怀疑的”。因此，本题最佳选项为D。2. 判断推理题。根据题干关键词“the greatest mistake of our forefathers”（我们前人最大的错误）定位到原文第3段第1、2句For the sake ofrepairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyon

56、es daily life.（为了我们自己和后人的利益，我们现在必须着手弥补前人的错误。因此，保护环境应该成为每个人日常生活的一部分。）为了弥补前人的错误，我们要保护环境，说明前人的行为破坏了环境，没有意识到保护环境的重要性。B选项“他们几乎没有环境保护意识”表述与原文相符。A、C选项可定位到原文第2段第1句Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea（五十年前，自然研究不是学校工作的一部分；科学林业是一个新概念）科学林业在50年前虽然是一个新概念

57、，但前人对他并不是一无所知，选项表述错误，且这并不能说明“对科学林业一无所知”并不是“最大的错误”，排除A选项“他们对科学林业一无所知”；同理，原文只是提到了“自然研究不是学校工作的一部分”，这不能说明“没有意识到自然研究的重要性”是“最大的错误”，排除C选项“他们没有意识到自然研究的重要性”；D选项“他们不知道如何充分利用原材料”可定位到原文第1段第3句Our forefathers had no idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible”.（我们的祖先不知道人口的增长会比原材料的供应更快；甚至直到最近，他们中的大

58、多数人还愚蠢地认为资源是“无穷尽的”，“用之不竭的”。）由此可知，先人们并非不知道如何充分利用原材料（即自然资源），而是不知道自然资源也是有限的，排除D选项；也可以佐证B选项的正确性，因为他们没有环境保护意识认为自然资源“用之不竭”，而过分开采，破坏了环境。因此，本题最佳选项为B。3. 判断推理题。根据题干“从第3段可以推断出，之前的几代人没有意识到_”定位到第3段。第3段开头讲“为了弥补前人的错误，每个人都要保护环境”；接着用3个“we need to”开头的句子讲“我们应该怎么做”，第3段第4句We need to know whybefore they finally escape to

59、 the sea.（我们需要知道，为什么所有的河流流域都需要植物的保护，为什么小溪和河流必须在它们最终流入海洋之前充分惠及土壤。）；第3段第5句We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them.（我们需要被教导种树和砍伐树木的责任。）；第3段第6句We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living spaceabove the earth（我们需要知道高大成熟植被的重要性，因为大多数跟人类一样生活在这个星球上的生

60、物，它们的生存空间不仅用平方的面积来计算，还用地表上方立方的体积来计算）；最后1句总结In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.（简而言之，我们的目标应该是尽可能地恢复自然的原始美。）由此推断，前人对自然资源的过度开采，破坏了环境，破坏了自然的原始美，D选项（没有意识到）“自然之美的价值”最符合原文。A选项“水、土壤和生物的相互依赖”、B选项“合理使用土地的重要性”、C选项“土壤破坏和河水泛滥的危害”都是根据具体的措施推断出来的，比较片面，排除。因此

61、，本题最佳选项为D。4. 断推理题。根据题干“为了避免重复我们祖先的错误，作者建议_”定位到原文第3段。根据第3段给出的3个建议：第3段第4句We need to know why before they finally escape to the sea.（我们需要知道，为什么所有的河流流域都需要植物的保护，为什么小溪和河流必须在它们最终流入海洋之前充分惠及土壤。）；第3段第5句We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them.（我们需要被教导种树和砍伐树木的责任。）；第3段第6句We nee

62、d to know the importance of big, mature trees, because（我们需要知道高大成熟的树木的重要性，因为。）由这3个建议可以概括出，作者的建议都是“我们要知道什么”“我们要学习什么”，即要普及环境保护的知识，提高人们的环境保护意识，C选项“应面向所有人进行环境教育”最符合原文。A选项“我们要种更多的树”、B选项“向每个人教授自然科学知识”（原文建议中教授的是环境保护相关的知识，自然科学的表述不准确；而且环境保护才是全文的主题。）、D选项“我们要回归自然”原文均未提及。因此，本题最佳选项为C。5. 判断推理题。根据题干定位到原文第3段倒数第二句We

63、need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space above the earth（我们需要知道高大成熟植被的重要性，因为大多数跟人类一样生活在这个星球上的生物，它们的生存空间不仅用平方的面积来计算，还用地表上方立方的体积来计算）。这句话介绍了其他生物的生存空间的两种计算方式：第一，用平方算面积；即横切面土地面积的大小；第二，立方算体积，即三维空间里生存的空间包括森林植被等。由此可知，该句只是在介绍计算其他生物生存空间的不同角度，并不涉及生存空间的变化。A选项“我们（人类）在地球上的生活空间越来越小”属过度推断，排除；B选项“我们的生活空间应该以立方体积来衡量”，原文介绍的是其他生物生存空间的两种计算方式，即使要类比，人类生存空间的计算方式也应该是两种都要，B选项表述不完整，排除；C选项“我们需要采取一些措施来保护太空”对原文理解有误，全文都是围绕环境保护展开的，原文中的above the earth应该指的是“地表以上”；而不是地球以上即太空，排除；D选项“我们必须为鸟类和动物保持良好的生活条件。”原句告诉我们，地表上方的立体空间也是其他生物的生存空间，并