2019高考英语一轮基础练 Unit 6 Design(含解析)北师大版必修2.doc
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Unit 6 Design 阅读理解AWhen I recently revealed to my friends, colleagues, and family members that I would be moving my family to Israel, the reactions were numerous and varied. Some people said it was an expected thing while others asked: Why now? What will you do?For me, making the move to Israel is the fulfillment of a dream that has lasted for my 47 years of life. I have always known that Israel is my home. Over the years Israel has been in my heart, but I have found a number of reasons to put off making it my permanent residence: kids, the economy, education.you name an excuse, and at some point I have probably used it.Truthfully, I believe that I was always just a little bit scared. And of course I still am, with the fear factor that is reported by the press surrounding the Israeli military and economy. However, it has e to the point when I have realized that for over 2 000 years we yearned for this land, and for 47 years I have denied the opportunity to make it my home. I am finally ready to fully grasp this opportunity.Over the years, I have always loved visiting Israel. I have traveled there with my family, and enjoyed introducing thousands of travelers to the country. All of these things that I have e to love about Israel as a tourist are because I get to love my home. And as far as waiting for the perfect condition under which to make aliyah, I believe the time is now!I have been asked many times if I am nervous about moving to Israel. Before I answer, I remember that we have overe the Greeks, the Romans, the Russian killings, Hitler and the Holocaust(大屠杀), and the armies of seven countries.How can I not feel confident that I, and my family, will overe any difficulties that may e our way? I am not worrying, plaining, crying, or fearing as I prepare to make aliyah. I am proud and excited to say that I am fulfilling a 47-year-old dream; I am going home.1.What does the author want to say in the passage?A. His dream is to e true after 47 years.B. It is a dilemma for him to return to Israel.C. He didnt live a happy life in Israel.D. It is a latest trend to fulfill everyones dream.2.The author didnt return to Israel before because .A. his children mainly held him backB. he failed to get determinedC. he didnt save enough moneyD. he hoped to finish his education3.What does the underlined part make aliyah mean in the passage?A. To return to Israel.B. To make a decision.C. To live happily.D. To catch a chance.4.It can be inferred from the passage that .A. the author will be happy to meet his relatives in IsraelB. Israel is a familiar word but a strange place for the authorC. the Israeli suffered a lot in the historyD. Israel is still a place between war and chaos【文章大意】本文是一篇讲述个人经历的记叙文。1.A 【解析】主旨大意题。作者在文中叙述了自己经历了在外流浪的47年后,决定带着家人回到以色列,使自己多年的梦想得以实现的故事,由此可知答案。3.A 【解析】词义猜测题。通读全文可知,作者带着家人回到以色列的梦想马上就要实现,再结合画线词后面的I believe the time is now以及最后一段中的as I prepare to make aliyah可知画线部分指的是回到家乡以色列。4.C 【解析】推理判断题。依据倒数第二段中的we have overe the Greeks, the Romans, the Russian killings, Hitler and the Holocaust(大屠杀).可知,以色列人在历史上遭受了很多苦难。B(2017河南六市联考)Did you know that Albert Einstein could not speak until he was four years old,and could not read until he was seven?His parents and teachers worried about his mental ability.Beethovens music teacher said about him,“As a poser(作曲家) he is hopeless.”What if this young boy had believed it?When Thomas Edison was a young boy,his teachers said he was so stupid that he could never learn anything.He once said,“I remember I used to never be able to get along at school.I was always at the foot of my class.My father thought I was stupid,and I almost decided that I was a stupid person.”What if young Thomas had believed what they said about him?When the sculptor(雕刻家) Auguste Rodin was young,he had difficulty learning to read and write.Today,we may say he had a learning disability.His father said of him,“I have an idiot(白痴) for a son.”His uncle agreed.“Hes_uneducable,”he said.What if Rodin had doubted his ability?Walt Disney was once fired by a newspaper editor because he was thought to have no “good ideas”Enrico Caruso was told by one music teacher,“You cant sing.You have no voice at all.”And an editor told Louisa May Alcott that she was unable to write anything that would have popular appeal.What if these people had listened and bee discouraged?Where would our world be without the music of Beethoven,the art of Rodin or the ideas of Albert Einstein and Walt Disney?As Oscar Levant once said,“Its not what you are but what you dont bee that hurts.”You have great potential.When you believe in all you can be,rather than all you cannot bee,you will find your place on earth.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章列举了爱因斯坦、贝多芬、爱迪生等七个名人成功的故事,他们都曾得到别人较低的评价,但最终成功实现了自己的梦想;“相信自己”是他们成功的关键。1How many successful people are mentioned as examples in the passage?ASix. BSeven.CEight. DNine.B解析:细节理解题。文章第一段列举了爱因斯坦的故事,第二段讲述了贝多芬的故事,第三段提到了爱迪生的故事,第四段讲述了奥古斯特罗丹的故事,第五段提及了沃特迪士尼、恩里科卡鲁索、路易莎梅阿尔科特的故事,共列举了七个著名人物,故B项正确。2Which of the following statements is RIGHT?AWhen he was young,Thomas Edison always got good grades at school.BLevant thought Louisa May Alcott couldnt write any popular works.COnly Auguste Rodins uncle regarded him a boy of learning ability.DBoth Enrico Caruso and Beethoven achieved their dreams in music.D解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句、第五段的第二句及第六段的第二句可推知,贝多芬和恩里科卡鲁索都实现了他们的音乐梦想,故D项正确。3Whats the meaning of the underlined sentence “Hes uneducable”?AHe cant be taught. BHe is very clever.CHe is different. DHe is a late success.A解析:句意理解题。根据第四段他的父亲和他的叔叔对他的评价“I have an idiot(白痴) for a son.”“His uncle agreed.”可知,他们都认为他是白痴;据此可以推断,该句意为“他是教不会的”,故A项正确。4What is the best title of the passage?AWorking Hard for SuccessBHaving DreamsCBelieving in YourselfDSelfchallengingC解析:标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文前五段列举了七个名人,他们的共同点是都曾得到别人较低的评价,后来却成功实现了自己的梦想;本文的最后一句“When you believe in all you can be,rather than all you cannot bee,you will find your place on earth.”为本文的主题句,据此可以判断,C项“相信自己”最适合作本文标题。C In 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher gave the class an assignment to write a report on what they wanted to be when they grew up.Jeans father was a crop dusting pilot in the little farming munity in Northern California where she was raised, and Jean was very interested in airplanes and flying. She poured her heart into her report and included all of her dreams. She wanted to be a crop dusting pilot, make parachute jumps(跳伞), and be an airline pilot. Her paper came back with an F on it. The teacher told her it was a fairy tale and that none of the occupations she listed were womens jobs. Jean was devastated and humiliated.One day in her senior year of high school, her English teacher Mrs Dorothy Slaton gave the class an assignment. If you had unlimited money, unlimited access to the finest schools, and unlimited talents and abilities, what would you do? Jean felt a rush of her old enthusiasm, and with excitement she wrote down all her old dreams. The teacher leaned forward over her desk and said, You do have unlimited abilities and talents. When you leave school, if you dont go for your dreams, no one will do it for you. You can have what you want if you want it enough.The hurt and fear of years of discouragement went away because of what Mrs Slaton had said. Jean felt excited and a little scared. She stayed after class and went up to the teachers desk. Jean thanked Mrs Slaton and told her about her dream of being a pilot. Mrs Slaton half rose and slapped the desk top. Then do it! she said.So Jean did. It didnt happen overnight. It took her 10 years of hard work. It wasnt in Jeans nature to stand up for herself when someone refused or humiliated her. Instead, she would quietly try to find another way.She became a private pilot and then flew planes as a co-pilot (副驾驶员). In 1978, she became one of the first three female pilot trainees ever accepted by United Airlines and one of the only 50 women airline pilots in the nation at that time. Some years later, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737 captain for United Airlines.1.When Jean Harper was in the third grade, _.A.it was mon for women to be airline pilotsB. her father advised her to be a pilot like him in the futureC. she was unsure about what she wanted to be when she grew upD. she was deeply hurt by her teachers ment on her dreams2.What was Mrs Slatons reaction when she learned about Jean Harpers dream?A. Encouraging Jean to do what she wanted to.B. Offering Jean as much help as she could.C. Persuading Jean to give up her dream.D. Making Jean aware of all the possible difficulties.3.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. How Jean Harper achieved her flying dream.B. Jean Harpers great achievements in flying.C. The hardships Jean Harper experienced when trying to be a pilot.D. Jean Harpers determination to pursue her dream.4.What gave Jean Harper enough strength and faith to pursue her dream?A. Her fathers influence on her.B. Mrs Slatons support.C. Her decision to stand up for herself.D.A teachers humiliation when she was in the third grade.【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记,介绍了Jean Harper如何在英语老师的鼓励下,实现了当一名飞行员的梦想。1.D 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段中的Jean was devastated and humiliated和第四段中的The hurt and fear of years of discouragement可知答案为D。3.B 【解析】段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述了Jean Harper在飞行方面的成就,所以答案为B。4.B 【解析】推理判断题。文中提到的Jean Harper的两位老师,一位打击她的梦想,让她几乎对此丧失信心;另一位老师给她无限的信心,让她相信自己,坚持追寻梦想,所以答案为B。D(2017淄博高三诊断) Daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time.Or it was considered an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties.Daydreaming has always had a bad reputation, but now scientific research has showed that daydreaming may actually improve your mental health and creativity.It can even help you achieve your desired goals.Now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming.Some think it may be a very healthy thing to do.Researchers are finding daydreaming, they tell us, is a good means of relaxation.But its benefits go beyond this.A number of psychologists have conducted experiments and have reached some surprising conclusions.Dr.Joan TFreyberg has concluded that daydreaming contributes to intellectual growth.It also improves concentration, attention span, and the ability to get along with others, she says.In an experiment with school children, the same researcher found that daydreaming led the children to pay more attention to details.They had more happy feelings.They worked together better.Another researcher reported that daydreaming seemed to produce improved selfcontrol and creative abilities.But thats only part of the_storyThe most remarkable thing about daydreaming may be its usefulness in shaping our future lives as we want them to be.Industrialist Henry JKaiser believed that much of his success was due to the positive use of daydreaming.He maintained that “you can imagine your future”Florence Nightingale dreamed of being a nurse.The young Thomas Edison pictured himself as an inventor.For these famous achievers, it appears that their daydreams came true.Of course daydreaming is no substitute(代替者) for hard work.You have to work hard to develop skills.Daydreaming alone cant turn you into your hearts desire.But in bination with the more usual methods of selfdevelopment, it might make a critical difference.And who knows:You might see your own daydreams e true.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。一直以来,人们都认为白日梦是浪费时间。然而,现代科学研究表明,白日梦实际上可能改善精神健康和提高创造力,还有助于实现想要达成的目标。1From the scientific research, a few minutes daydreaming will _Arelieve stress effectively B improve gradesCescape from real life and duties Dgain a positive attitude towards examsA解析: 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Researchers are finding daydreaming, they tell us, is a good means of relaxation.可知,科学研究表明,白日梦能使人放松。故A项正确。2According to Dr.Joan TFreyberg, daydreaming can _Areduce failure in examinationsBhelp rapid and continuous physical growthCimprove selfcontrol and creative abilitiesDbenefit improvement of concentrationD解析: 细节理解题。根据第三段中的It also improves concentration, attention span, and the ability to get along with others, she says.可知,Joan TFreyberg博士认为白日梦有助于集中注意力。故D项正确。3What does “the_story” in Paragraph 4 refer to?AThe attention. BThe conclusion.CThe contribution. DThe concentration.B解析: 指代判断题。第三段主要陈述了Joan TFreyberg博士的结论是白日梦有助于改善人的注意力。根据下文所举的例子可知,有关白日梦最值得注意的地方也许是它按照我们的愿望去塑造我们未来生活的作用。由此可知,第三段提到的内容只是结论中的一部分,所以“the_story”指的是结论。故B项正确。4Nightingale and Edison are examples to explain that daydreaming probably_Aearns a good reputationBtakes the place of hard workCpictures future professionDturns the desire into realityC解析: 推理判断题。根据第四段可知,Nightingale梦想自己成为一名护士,年轻时的Edison把自己想象成一个发明家。结合For these famous achievers, it appears that their daydreams came true.可推知,两个例子都在解释白日梦也许能勾画出未来的职业。故C项正确。 七选五(2017淄博高三诊断)Tips for Dealing with Work StressWhat would you do when you are under work pressure? 1._ The following are suggested ways to perform better under pressure.Think of a heavy workload as an exciting opportunity to push yourself, learn new skills and show your ability.2._Handle your fears.3._ Often, your stress es from worrying rather than from the problem youre facing.For example, worried about a presentation because youve never spoken in front of a group of people; dont know what to wear and the sound equipment isnt working correctly.So, you should write down these fears and methodically address each one.4_ Regular exercise is critical to stress management.Dont ignore some exercise which you can actually do every day, such as walk to your office; stand up and stretch your back and neck muscles while you are on the phone.Tiding your desk is one of the most mon, effective ways to calm and focus energy.Arrange your living lifestyle.Get six to eight hours of sleep, and go to bed at the same hour every night.Keep off the alcohol, which can disturb your sleep patterns.Tend to skip meals and pull late nights when you feel the heat at work.5._Spend time with your friends.During high pressure periods, dont lock yourself in a room with your work.municating with friends and colleagues, getting together with people who make you laugh, will refresh and inspire you.ABoth could lead to burnout.BShake a leg and clear up your desk.CPressure doesnt defeat you, fear does.DI think that stress would strengthen you, not tear you down.EIt helps people reduce tension and get into a productive frame of mind.FBeing able to municate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.Gplaining wastes your energy; instead greet an overloaded day with optimism.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何从容应对压力提出了一些建议。1D解析: 空格后提到以下是如何在压力下更好地工作的几种方式。D项“我认为压力会让你坚强,而不是击垮你”引出下文,符合语境。故选D。2G解析: 根据上文可知,把工作重压当作自己进步、学习新技能和展示才能的机会,这是一种积极乐观的态度。G项“抱怨只会浪费精力;相反用乐观的态度迎接任务繁重的一天”承接上文,符合语境。故选G。3C解析: 下文提到压力往往来自内心的担忧而不是你所面临的问题。C项“压力不能击败你,内心的担忧却可以”联系下文,符合语境。故选C。4B解析: 所填句应是本段的主题句。根据下文可知,有规律的锻炼对减缓压力至关重要。根据本段最后一句“Tiding your desk is one of the most mon, effective ways to calm and focus energy.”可知,B项中的“clear up your desk”和此句中的“Tiding your desk”意思相近,符合语境。故选B。5A解析: 本段主要讲述生活方式对压力的影响。上文提到酒精会扰乱睡眠模式,不吃饭、熬夜也对身体有害。A项“这两者都会导致倦怠”承接上文,符合语境。故选A。、七选五As warming continues,scientists warn the oxygen content of oceans across the planet could be more and more reduced,with serious consequences for the future of fish and other sea life. 1 One is the simple fact that as water gets warmer,it can hold less dissolved(溶解的)oxygen.The other reason is less obvious.The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surfaceeither from the atmosphere,or from photosynthesizing algae floating at the top of the sea. 2 Global warming is expected to reduce the mixing of the ocean by making surface seawater lighter.Thats because in a warmer world we can expect more rainfall and more melting(融化)of glaciers,icebergs,and ice sheets. 3 The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will also make surface water expand and thus make it lighter still. 4 Instead,more of the oxygen will remain near the surface,where it will be used up by oxygenbreathing organisms.A lowoxygen ocean may bee an inescapable feature of our planet.A team of Danish researchers wondered how long oxygen levels would drop if we could somehow reduce our carbon dioxide emissions to zero by 2100.They determined that over the next few thousand years oxygen levels would continue to fall,until they declined by 30 percent.The oxygen would slowly return to the oceans,but even 100,000 years from now they will not have fully recovered. 5 AIts not known why the oxygen level of oceans has reduced.BScientists point to two reasons to expect a drop in ocean oxygen.CFresh waters inpouring will make the water at the oceans surface lighter.DThe oxygen then spreads to the deep ocean as the surface water slowly sinks.EGlobal warming has caused the reduction of the oxygen content of oceans worldwide.FThe light surface water will be less likely to sink so the deep ocean will get less oxygen.GIf they are right,we have every reason to worry about the major effect it has on sea life.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章简要介绍了海水中氧气含量主要原因及其可能对海洋生物带来的长期的影响。1B从文章篇章结构分析,本空为段落主旨句。本段介绍了全球变暖使海洋含氧量降低的原因,并且“One”“The other reason”与B项中的“two reasons”相呼应,故选B。2D根据段落主旨和空前的“The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surface.at the top of the sea.”可知,此处是通过说明海洋中氧气的来源与循环来解释海洋含氧量下降的原因的,故D项“然后,随着表层海水的慢慢下沉,氧气扩散至海洋深处”符合语境。3C根据空前的内容和常识可知,雨水和冰川、冰山及冰原融水都属于淡水,海洋中的水是咸水,而淡水的密度比咸水的小,因此淡水的注入会使海洋表面的水变得更轻。故C项符合语境。C项中的“make the water.lighter”与下文中的“make it lighter”的对应关系亦是提示。4F根据空前的“The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will .”和空后的“Instead,more of the oxygen will remain.”可知,F项与空前的句子的句式相同,且与空后的句子的内容存在语意上的转折关系,故F项符合语境。5GG项中的“they”与上文中的“A team of Danish researchers”相呼应,且上文讲到即使我们把二氧化碳的排放降低到零,海洋含氧量也需要很长时间才能恢复,其对海洋生物造成的影响将是长期的,故G项“如果他们是对的,那么我们完全有理由对它对海洋生物的重大影响感到担忧”符合语境。- 配套讲稿:
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