高中英语语法九.简单句、并列句.ppt
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Welcometoourschool!Welcometoourclass!,Selfandschoolintroduction,复习进程第一轮:7.22-9.31语法和技巧点拨语法突破(重点是句法和动词的复习),同时进行完型、阅读、阅读简答和阅读填空的技巧训练。应届班利用早自习学习高三课本,以阅读和词汇为主。10.6-2.29语言知识点的复习(资料:学考联通)应届班和补习班同步。第二、三轮:3.1-5.26专题复习和综合强化训练5.27-5.31:查漏补缺6.1-6.5自由复习,学习要求和建议,1、建议备一本词典和5年高考3年模拟,统一征订双语报和一本听力书(每周一、三、五年级统一进行听力训练)2、坚持词汇的积累(将课本词汇以听写的形式过关)3、加强范文或课文的背诵。,Dontbeafraidofhardanddullwork.置于死地而后生!,学习方法,1、备考方法:落实备考态度:踏实2、两手出拳:套题与专项交叉进行;速度与准确度同时训练;生理与心态和谐发展;愉快考试与愉快讲评相结合。,学会适应(生活、心理),不再重复昨天的遗憾!,考试命题要求1、月考轮流命题,精心组题,单选题内容与本月复习内容一致,每次月考作文题型不可以重复(每个月复习一个话题或题型)。2、周考尽量选用外校试卷,难度稍高于高考,尽量和2007年高考难度一致。,语法框架图,一、句法:1、按使用目的分:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句.2、按其结构可以分:简单句五种基本句型并列句复合句定语从句状语从句名词性从句(主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句),3、倒装句(全部倒装部分倒装)4、虚拟语气(三种基本结构以及错综条件句)5、非谓语动词(功能,尤其是现在分词与过去分词的用法)6、主谓一致,二、词法:7、名词结构(可数与不可数名词,不可数名词前加不定冠词的用法)8、动词的时态和语态(6种常用时态的熟练掌握,特别注意语境)9、情态动词(特别注意表推测和不表推测的情态动词的用法)10、代词(几组代词的比较)11、形容词与副词(相似形容词和副词的比较,倍数表达法),句法知识,1.Realityisnotthewayyouwishthingstobe,northewaytheyappeartobe,butthewaytheyactuallyare.,2.Inthesilenceforthepauses,wecouldheareachothersbreathingandcouldalmostbearourownheartbeats.,Step1分析下列句子,3.Polarbearslivemostlyonseaice,whichtheyuseasaplatformforhuntingseals.,4.Thebiggestproblemformostplants,whichcantjustgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.,Step2,句子的种类,(一)按使用目的可分为:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句.,1)陈述句:说明一个事实或陈述一种看法.光比声速度快.这部电影很乏味.,Lighttravelsfasterthansound.(说明事实),Thefilmisratherboring.(说明看法),2)疑问句:提出问题,有以下四种:A.一般疑问句:你能按时完成工作吗?B.特殊疑问句:什么使得你如此伤心?你怎么知道那件事?C.选择疑问句:你是要茶还是要咖啡?D.反意疑问句:他不认识她,对不对?,Canyoufinishtheworkintime?,Howdoyouknowthat?,Doyouwantteaorcoffee?,Hedoesntknowher,doeshe?,Whatmadeyousoupset?,3)祈使句:提出请求,建议或发出命令,省略主语you的句子。,Workhard,andyouwillsucceed.,4)感叹句:表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪.由how和what引导,好好干,你就会成功的。,多好的消息啊!,Whatgoodnewsitis!,Howgoodthenewsis!,(二)句子按其结构可以分为:简单句、并列句、复合句.,判断下列句式,BothmywifeandIarefromBeijing.Myfatherandmothergotoworkat7inthemorning.HelikesplayingbasketballwhileIlikeplayingvolleyball.Remembertowritetoyourparentsassoonasyougetthere.,简单句,简单句,简单句,简单句,简单句,e.Peterreceivedaletterjustnowsayinghisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.f.Nopersonshallsmokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea”g.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessonsfinishedfortheday.,(二)句子按其结构可以分为:简单句、并列句、复合句.,1)简单句:只含一个主谓结构.她喜欢集邮.,2)并列句:含两或两个以上主谓结构,句间由并列连词或分号连接.食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口.,3)复合句:含一个主句和一个或几个从句,从句由从属连词引导.我们到达电影院的时候,电影已经开演了.,Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.,Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite.,Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.,简单句,1)主+动(SV),2)主+系+表(SVP),3)主+动+宾(SVO),4)主+动+间宾+直宾(SVOiOd),5)主+动+宾+补(SVOC),6)Therebe句型,六种基本句型,Youaresittingonthetrainhome.Therecomesthebus!Theegospotentialforexpansionislimitless.BreckenridgehoststheinternationalSnowSculptureChampionships.Thereexistedanationintheocean.Ourneighborsgaveusababybirdyesterday.Wethinkitourdutytostudywell.,主+动(SV),主+动(SV),主+系+表(SVP),主+动+宾(SVO),Therebe句型,主+动+间宾+直宾(SVOiOd),主+动+宾+补(SVOC),判断下列句子属于何种句式,Exercises,Whatlovelychildrenare!Whatafineweatheritis!Thereusedtohaveanoldtempleoverthere.Comehereamoment,doyou?Totrysomeofthisjuice-perhapsyoulllikeit.Mayyouhappy!Tom,cleansthewindowthisafternoon.Helookedsadatme.,改错:,theyare!,be,will,behappy!,clean,sadly,(三)基本句型:英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:,1)主+动(SV)Iwork.,2)主+系+表(SVP)Thingsaregettingbetter.Sheturneddoctor.表状态存在的系动词:be,seem,appear,prove,look,smell,taste,sound,feel表状态延续:remain,stay,keep,continue表状态变化:become,grow,get,come,go,turn,3)主+动+宾(SVO)ShestudiesEnglish.,4)主+动+间宾+直宾(SVOiOd)Mymothermademeanewdress.双及物动词有:give,send,teach,bring,show,tell,make,sing,sell,readetc.,5)主+动+宾+补(SVOC)Isawhimcomeintothehouseyesterday.能带宾补的动词:1)感官动词:see,watch,lookat,observe,notice,feel,find,hear,listento2)使让动词:have,make,let,get,force3)其它:want,wishexpect,allow,permit,forbid,ask,order,adviseetc.,1英语句子必须有谓语动词。他像他爸爸。这本书值得一读。我反对你的意见。,五种基本句型的推导:,2一个句子内有且只有一个动词充当谓语(并列谓语除外),其余动词应为非谓语或从句的谓语。他给我一些水喝。,Heislikehisfather.,Thebookisworthreading.,Imagainstyou.,Hegavemesomewatertodrink.,3英语的任何句子都由五种基本句型构成。它是我们判断句子正确与否的标准,是英语写作、阅读的基础。4注意基本句型与习惯表达。今天我玩得很开心。时间不够了。,TodayIplayedhappily.,Ihadagoodtimetoday.,Timewasnotenough.,Wehadnotenoughtime.,Homework,1).Whatmakesastudyscientificisnot,ofcourse,thenatureofthethingswithwhichitisconcernedbutthemethodbywhichitdealswiththesethings.2).WhenMr.Jonesgotback,heimmediatelywenttosleeponthelivingroomsofawiththe“Newofworld”overhisface.,Analyzethesentences.,Revision,Exercises:,1.把下列简单句按基本句型分类:,Nobodyishere./2.Hepassedmeacupoftea./3.Tomdoesntknowthepopstar./4.Mymotherstaysathome./5.Themilktastesgood./6.Thecarcaughtfire./7.Theteacherhastoldmethefact./8.Heisreadingabook./9.Hegavemealectureyesterday./10.Sheisveryfriendly./11.Icanswim./12.Ihavehadagoodtime/13.Ifoundhimtalking./14.ThisEnglishbookisveryinteresting.,主+谓:()主+谓+宾:()主+系+表:()主+谓+双宾:()主+谓+宾+宾补:(),4,11,3,6,8,12,1,5,10,14,2,7,9,13,2.更正下列句子的错误,Exercises:,1.Hecametheroom.2.Themusicsounds.3.Ihaveseen.4.Hegaveapenme.5.Thebossmadetheboytoworkhard.6.Myfatherboughtabooktome.,1.Hecameintotheroom2.Themusicsoundswonderful3.Ihaveseenthefilm.4.Hegaveapentome.5.Thebossmadetheboyworkhard.6.Myfatherboughtabookforme.,Exercises:,3.翻译下列句子并分析句子结构:,1.我经常在早晨读英语。2.玛丽是个聪明的学生。3.我的老师交给我一封信4.我母亲经常叫我努力学习。5.我们叫我们的老师王先生6.他正在房里做家庭作业。,1.IoftenreadEnglishinthemorning.,2.Maryisacleverstudent.,3.Myteachergavemealetter.,4.Mymotheroftenasksmetostudyhard.,5.WecallourteacherMr.Wang.,6.Heisdoinghishomeworkintheroom.,主+谓+宾,主+系+表,主+谓+双宾,主+谓+宾+宾补,主+谓+宾+宾补,主+谓+宾,并列句,把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来的句子。,四种类型,1.由and,notonlybutalso,neithernor,then连接;表同等概念。,Notonlydothenurseswantapayincrease,butalsotheywantreducedhours.,2.由eitheror,or,otherwise等连接;表选择,EithersheleavesorIwill.,3.由but,still,yet,however,while,when,whereas,nevertheless等连接;表转折。,Mymotherlikescoffeewhilemyfatherlikestea.,4.由so,for,therefore等连接;表因果。,Hefounditdifficulttoread,forhiseyeswerefailing.,Exercises:,注意逻辑关系,1.Givehimaninchhelltakeanell.A.butB.andC.forD.so2.didthestudentsdance,theirteachersang.A.NeitherorB.EitherorC.BothandD.Notonlybutalso3.Feathersfalltothegroundslowlystonesfallmuchfaster.A.andB.whileC.butD.yet4.Wemustgetupearlytomorrow,wellmissthefirstbustotheGreat.A.howeverB.butC.orD.so,6.Ithoughtwedbelatefortheconcert,_weendedupgettingthereaheadoftime.7.SearchthewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,_youwilllearnalotaboutFirefighting.8.Theyweresurprisedthatachildshouldworkouttheproblem_theythemselvescouldnt.,but,and,while,5.Heworkedhard,hefailed.A.whileB.andC.soD.yet,9.Iwasjustabouttoliedowntorest_Isawasnakeinthegrass.,when,句子的连接和标点符号,1、句号连接两个并列句子,第二个句子的首字母大写。MynameisTom.Iamfive.2、分号连接两个并列分句,第二个句子的首字母不大写。Tomisfive;hestudiesinaprimaryschool.3、引号前用逗号而不用冒号,英语中没有书名号。Tomsaid,“ThemovieTitaniciswonderful!”,重点:逗号的运用。,1、逗号连接内部结构,即句子的状语(从句),定语(从句),同位语(从句)插入语等。,1).Sinceheisillheisabsent.2).Tosaveclasstimeourteacherhasusstudentsdohalfoftheexercisesinclass.3).Polarbearslivemostlyonseaicewhichtheyuseasaplatformforhuntingseals.4).Theworkersmostofthemwomenarefromthecountry.,请为下列句子加上逗号。,,,,,,,,,,,2.逗号加连词相当于句号,连接两个并列句子。Iamfive,andIstudyinaprimaryschool.,Translatethesentences(注意标点):我走进教室,看见他正在读书,我没有打扰他,拿了书就出了教室。,WhenIcameintotheclassroom,Isawhimreading.Itookmybookandwentout,withoutinterruptinghim.,Thankyou!,- 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