高考英语 阅读理解选编78
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重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编(78)(2017高考训练)阅读理解。You know how wonderful you are, and you know that others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy (嫉妒)? For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship. When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do, but the good news is that there is. Dont let jealousy spoil your friendship. Deal with it confidently and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is, but if you want to save your friendship youll have to do just that. Dont approach them and ask why they are jealous of you unless of course you want to appear totally conceited (逞能的), just take some time alone with them and let them know that youve been feeling like theres been something coming between you. If they refuse to respond, then use the opportunities to explain how you have been feeling. Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.When you figure out what is annoying your friend, ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better. If, for example, (s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesnt get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from the swim team then maybe you could invite him or her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you. Remember, though, that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise. Dont limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy. Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.Even the best of friendships can be ruined by jealousy. This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies. Before taking extreme action, chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise. If you cant, be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you wont.1.According to the author, the jealousy emotion is _.A.normal B.productiveC.destructive D.extreme2.What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 2?A.How to solve the problem of jealousy.B.Why we need to solve the problem of jealousy.C.How to explain your jealousy to your friends.D.Why it is hard to deal with the problem of jealousy.3.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A.Theres always a solution to solve the problem of jealousy.B.Jealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies.C.You may lose a friend to keep your own gifts, chances or selfdevelopment.D.You should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution.4.This passage is mainly intended for _.A.female readers B.studentsC.teenagers D.best friends 1解析:选C细节理解题。由第一段第二句“.that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.”可知。2解析:选A段落大意题。本段内容主要讲的是处理有嫉妒心朋友的方法,据此判断答案选A。3解析:选C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句“Dont limit your own talents .that works out.”可知。4解析:选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.”中的关键词 teens可知答案是C。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2014天津模拟)I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling(叛逆). I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching(紧握)at one anothers hands for reassurance(安慰). They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. Then set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up with listening to the same record together. Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that many people are doing it. They have come out of their cocoon(茧)into a larger cocoon. It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and go his or her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be. And many of todays parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds to a great barrier(障碍)for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path. But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you dont care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it. Find yourself. Popularity will come with the people who respect you for who you are. That is the only kind of popularity that really counts. 【文章大意】本文鼓励青少年要有自己独立的思维, 不要依赖父母或随波逐流。1. In this passage, the author wants to tell. A. teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselvesB. readers how to be popular with people aroundC. parents how to control and guide their childrenD. people how to understand and respect each other【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段中“At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own feet. ”可知A项正确。2. According to the author, many teenagers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but in fact, most of them. A. have much difficulty understanding each otherB. lack confidenceC. dare not cope with problems single-handedD. are much afraid of getting lost【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句及第二段内容可知, 他们想我行我素, 但结果却随波逐流。3. What does the author think of advertisements? A. Convincing. B. Influential. C. Instructive. D. Authoritative(权威的). 【解析】选B。推理判断题。第三段提到青少年很难不受流行趋势的影响。今天, 青少年们可以从广告中知道青少年应该有什么, 应该成为什么样的人, 这说明广告对青少年是有影响力的。4. During the teenage years, one should learn to. A. differ from others in as many ways as possibleB. get into the right reason and become popularC. find ones real selfD. rebel against parents and the popularity wave【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“You may have some thoughts that you dont care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it. Find yourself. ”可知C项正确。(2016高考训练)阅读下列材料,从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁:议论文话题:家庭教育词数:726时间:8Is gun play good or bad for children?For many years I emphasized its harmlessness.When concerned parents expressed doubt about letting their children have toy guns,because they didnt want to encourage them in the slightest degree to become criminals,I would explain how little connection there was.In the course of growing up,children have a natural tendency to bring their aggressiveness more and more under control if their parents encourage thisOnetotwoyearolds,when they are angry with another child,may bite the childs arm without hesitation.But by 3 or 4 they have already learned that aggression is not right.However,they may pretend to shoot their mother or father,but smiling to assure them that the gun and the aggressive behaviour arent to be taken seriously.In the 6to12yearold period,children will play an earnest game of war,but it has lots of rules.There may be arguments,but real fights are relatively rare.At this age children dont shoot at their mother or father,even in fun.Its not that the parents have turned stricter; the childrens own conscience has.In adolescence aggressive feelings become much stronger,but well broughtup children can turn them into athletics and other competition or into kidding their friends.In other words,Id explain that playing at war is a natural step in the disciplining of the aggression of young children; that a cautious parent doesnt really need to worry about producing a criminal.But nowadays Id give parents much more encouragement to guide their child away from violence.A number of incidents have convinced me of the importance of this.One of the first things that made me change my mind,several years ago,was an observation that an experienced nursery school teacher told me about.Her children were hitting each other much more than previously,without reason.When she talked to them,they would protest,“But thats what the Three Stooges do.” (This was a childrens TV program full of violence which immediately became very popular.)What further shocked me into reconsidering my view was the assassination(暗杀) of the former President,and the fact that some schoolchildren cheered about this.(I didnt so much blame the children as I blamed the kind of parents who will say about a President they dislike,“Id shoot him if I got the chance!”)These incidents made me think of other evidence that Americans often tolerate lawlessness and violence.We were hard on the Indians and the later waves of immigrants.At times we denied justice to groups with different religions or political views.And now a great percentage of our adult as well as our child population has been endlessly fascinated with dramas of Western violence and with cruel crime stories,in movies and on television.This doesnt necessarily mean that we Americans on the average have more aggressiveness inside us than the people of other nations.I think rather that the aggressiveness we have is less controlled,from childhood on.To me it seems very clear that in order to have a more stable and civilized national life we must bring up the next generation of Americans with a greater respect for law and for other peoples rights than in the past.There are many ways in which we could and should teach these attitudes.One simple opportunity we could seize in the first half of childhood is to show our disapproval of lawlessness and violence in television programs and in childrens gun play.I also believe that the survival of the world now depends on a much greater awareness of the need to avoid war and to actively seek peaceful agreements.There are enough nuclear arms to completely destroy all civilization.This terrifying situation demands a much greater stability and selfcontrol on the part of national leaders and citizens than they have ever shown in the past.We owe it to our children to prepare them deliberately for this awesome responsibility.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了孩子们该不该玩玩具枪,并规劝人们尊重孩子、尊重法律,减少孩子的暴力性。1The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refers to_Acontrolling their aggressivenessBplaying with toy gunsCaggressive behaviourDthe course of growing up答案A细节理解题。根据文中该句话中的their aggressiveness more and more under control可知选A。2Based on the authors view about the relationship between childrens aggressiveness and their age,which of the following is true?AA 2yearold boy knows that it is not correct to behave aggressively.BThe older children become,the less aggressive they will be.C6to 12yearolds enjoy war games but develop them into argument and serious fights.DAdolescents aggressiveness is often displayed in the form of competition.答案D细节理解题。根据文中第一段的Onetotwoyearolds,when they are angry with another child,may bite the childs arm without hesitation 排除A;第二段的In the 6to12yearold period,children will play an earnest game of war,but it has lots of rules排除C;第二段At this age children dont shoot at their mother or father,even in fun 排除B;第二段In adolescence aggressive feelings become much stronger,but well broughtup children can turn them into athletics and other competition or into kidding their friends 可知成年人的暴力总是通过竞争的方式传递给孩子。故选D。3What conclusion does the author intend to draw from the story told by the nursery school teacher?AWatching violence can lower a childs standard of behaviour.BViolent TV programs should be banned in nursery schools.CChildren are generally lawless or violent nowadays.DIt is acceptable to let children have toy guns.答案A推理判断题。根据文中第五段When she talked to them,they would protest,“But thats what the Three Stooges do.” (This was a childrens TV program full of violence which immediately became very popular.)可知观看暴力电视等降低孩子的行为标准。故选A。4What does Paragraph 7 mainly talk about?AExamples showing that Americans are more aggressive than other nations.BEvidence proving that America has a long history of lawlessness and violence.CThe idea that children are less able to put their aggressiveness under control.DMore reasons why the author changed his view on the main issue of the article.答案D主旨大意题。通读文章第七段,并根据关键句These incidents made me think of other evidence that Americans often tolerate lawlessness and violence可知作者有更多的理由改变了文章的主题。故选D。5.What is a must if people intend to enjoy stability and civilized national life?ATo show disapproval of gun play in television programs.BTo make people aware that there are already enough nuclear arms.CTo elect national leaders with greater stability and selfcontrol.DTo bring up children who show more respect for the law and others rights.答案D细节理解题。根据文章第八段的To me it seems very clear that in order to have a more stable and civilized national life we must bring up the next generation of Americans with a greater respect for law and for other peoples rights than in the past可知养育孩子应尊重法律,尊重别人。故选D。6Which of the following serves best as the title of the article?AHow Does Age Influence Aggressiveness?BAre American Children Becoming More Aggressive?CShould Children Play With Guns?DWhat Should Parents Teach Their Children答案C主旨大意题。通读全文作者大部分在讨论玩具枪是否让孩子更有暴力性,孩子们是否该玩玩具枪。故选C。【2015高考复习】阅读理解“Reconstituted” families are more and more common in the UK.Steve and Debbie got married in 2001 and had two children,Lily and Alex.Unfortunately,Steve and Debbies marriage didnt work out and they got divorced in 2006.The children live with Debbie.In 2008,Debbie remarried.Her new husband,Martin,has three children from his previous marriage and they visit Debbie,Martin,Lily and Alex at weekends.In addition,Debbie is pregnant with her third child.Shes expecting a boy who will be a halfbrother to Lily and Alex and also to Martins three other children.Confused?Debbies family arrangements might have seemed strange 30 years ago but nowadays this kind of “reconstituted” family is increasingly common in the UK.Almost half of all marriages in Britain end in divorce and over 40% of marriages are remarriages.More than 10% of all British children live with one birth parent and a stepparenta parent who isnt their biological mother or father.The traditional “nuclear” family of two parents and their children is not so traditional any more.What does all of this mean for parents in these “reconstituted” families?“There are difficulties and challenges,” says Debbie.“Different families have different routines and it can be difficult for children to move between their two families.Birthdays and holidays can be tricky.Where do the children go?Who should they spend their time with?Also,when my children are naughty it can be difficult for Martin to tell_them_off.Things that might be simple in a traditional family can be a bit more complicated.”And how about the children?Martins eldest child,Ella,is 12.“I like my two families,” she says.“I live with my mum but visit my dad quite often and Im happy that my mum and dad get along OK.Theyre not married any more but its good that they can still be friends.” Of course divorce and separation are never easy but many families in the UK are finding ways to make family life work in new ways.【语篇解读】本文介绍了英国出现越来越多的重组家庭这一社会现象。1Why did Steve and Debbie get separated?AThey couldnt support the children.BThey couldnt get along well.CThey were both out of work.DThey had serious economic problems.解析考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Unfortunately,Steve and Debbies marriage didnt work out and they got divorced in 2006.”可知,Steve和Debbie由于感情破裂而无法维系婚姻,并非因为经济问题或双双失业,更不是因为养不起孩子。答案B2We can learn from the text that a “nuclear” family _.Ahas two birth parents and their childrenBhas two birth parents and only one childCis traditional but complicatedDdoesnt have any children解析考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“The traditional nuclear family of two parents and their children is not so traditional any more.”可知答案为A项。答案A3What do the underlined words “tell them off” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?Amake them annoyed Bsend them to schoolClet out their secrets Dtalk angrily to them解析考查词义猜测。根据画线部分前面的“when my children are naughty”和第四段的最后一句“Things that might be simple in a traditional family can be a bit more complicated.”并结合生活常识可推知,由于Martin是孩子的继父,所以不能够对他们大声呵斥。tell sb.off意为“责骂、斥责某人”。答案D4Whats the text mainly about?AThe difference between “marriage” and “remarriage”BMore and more people get divorced in the UK.C“Reconstituted” families are becoming more and more in the UK.DThe marriage situation is becoming severe. 解析考查主旨大意。根据文章首句和全文内容可知,本文意在介绍英国出现越来越多的重组家庭这一社会现象,故答案为C项。答案C- 配套讲稿:
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