八年级英语下册单元词汇讲解与测试

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1、Unit 4 He said I was hard-working词组1. soap opera 泡沫剧，电视（连续）剧2. on Friday night 在星期五晚上3. be mad at生 的气4. have a surprise party 举行一个惊喜晚会5. notanmore不再，再也不notany moreno morenot any longer no longer6. Young Lives 年轻的生命7. direct speech 直接引语 reported speech 间接引语8. first of all首先9. do a homework project 设计

2、作业计划10. pass on 传递11. work on 从事，设计，演算，操作12. be supposed to do sth期望（要求）做 ,应该做13. be good at 擅长14. do well in在方面表现得好15. report card 成绩单16. have a （bad） cold 患（重）感冒17. in good health 身体健康18. end-of-year exams = final exams 期末考试19. have a big fight 大吵了一架20. in/at school 在学校，上学21. forget to do sth. 忘记要

3、做某事forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事22. get over 克服，恢复，原谅23. a poor mountain village 一个贫穷的山村24. sound like 听起来像25. the Peking University 北京大学26. the Ministry of Education 教育部27. the Chinese Young Pioneers 中国少年先锋队28. China s rural areas 中国的偏远地区29. sea level 海平面30. the thin air 稀薄的空气31. agree with sb./sth.同意,与

4、相符（致）agree on/about sth. 同意，赞成32. bothand 和者B most of大多数,大部分 33. open up 打开，展开，开发，揭露34. a good start 一个良好的开端35. care for 照料，照顾，计较，关心36. in danger 处于危险之中三本单元目标句型：间接引语句型转述他人话语：What did sb. say? He said I She said she They said 1. 许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。 Mr. Xu told me that XuMengdie could speak three languag

5、es.2. 许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr. Xu said （that）the earth turns around the sun.3. 许老师告诉我他将去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day.4. 许老师说欧洋正在做作业Mr. Xu said OuY ang was doing his homework at that time.5. 许老师说王硕研勤奋。 Mr. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working.6. 在英语上，与听相比，我更擅长于读。 In English, I m better

6、at reading than listening.7. 情况怎样？How sit going? 她不想再当我最好的朋友了 。 She didn t want tobe my bestfriend anymore.四、本单元语法讲解直接引语和间接引语(一)直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。 直接引语必须放在引号内， 间接引语则不用引号。 直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。1. 时态的变化 ： 直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said， a

7、sked 等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。 例如：Tom said to me, “ My brother is doing his homework. ” fTom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.2. 人称代词、 指示代词、 时间状语、 地点状语等等的变化； 根据意义进行相应的变化。 如：She asked Jack, “Where have you been? ” fShe asked Jack where he hsd beHe said,

8、 “These books are mine. fHe said that those books were his.(二) 直接引语改为间接引语时， 都使用陈述语序， 但是因为原句的句式不同， 所以变成间 接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。1. 陈述句 的间接引 语：陈述 句由直 接引语变 间接引语 ，由 that 引导，可 以省略。“ I want the blue one. ” he told us. “我想要兰色的。 ” 他说。f He told us that he wanted the blue one.他说他想要兰色的。She said to me,o“Yu can t do any

9、thing now. ” 她对我说： “此刻你无法做任何事情。 ”f She told me that I couldn t do anything then寸我说那时我无法做任何事。2. 疑问句的间接引语直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号， 动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。 引述动词常用 ask, wonder, want to know等间接疑问句一般有三种：(1) 一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时， 由 whether 或 if 引导。 如：“Has he ever worked in Shanghai? ” Jim aske妊上海

10、工作过吗？“吉姆问。fJim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai. 吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。“ Can you tell me the way to the hospital? ” The olkdemd.an as那个老人问： “你能告诉我去医院的路吗？fThe old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital.那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。(2) . 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的疑问词引导。 如：“ Which room do you

11、 live in? ” He asked. “ 你住哪个房间？ ”他问我。 f He asked me which room I lived in.他问我住哪个房间。她问 “你怎么看这部电影？她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。What do you think of the film? ” She asked.fShe asked her friend what she thought of the film .(3) .选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由 whether/if 同导。 如:“Is it your bike or Tom s? MumaSked.这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？”一 Mu

12、m asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。“Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked.你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的？”凯特问。f Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones.凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。3.祈使句的间接引语 当祈使句变为间接引语时，间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell, ask, order,beg, request, order等，而把

13、直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。如：Jack sd, ease come to my house tomorrow, Mary 杰克说：玛丽，明天请至U我家来。”一Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day 杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。The teacher said to the students, Stop筠JW脚学生们说：不要讲话了。”一 The teacher told the students to stop talking.老师让学生们不要说话了。Don t touch anything. He said.不要碰任何东西。”他说。

14、一 He told us not to touch anything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西。人教新目标八年级英语(下)第四单元检测试卷一、词汇考查。A.用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Tom does well in Chinese; however Lucy does Chinese(good) than Tom.2. Lily isn t good at math, in thefyear exam she did(bad) of all the students.3. When I heard the news, how I am! (disappoint)4. We are(luc

15、k) enough to have bought the last tickets for the World Cup.B.根据汉语或首字母提示完成单词。1. It s k to all that Bill Gates is a famous person all over the world.2. Miss Zhao said that Jack wasn t lazy, he was a h student.3. L, I have passed the M-eXam. Ford told us happily.4. All of the(信息)come from the west.5.

16、She is a lazy girl, every day she always (照抄)my homework.二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1. Dick said he(report) some important things to us the day after tomorrow.2. First of all, you must tell me what you (do) at nine last night.3. My best friend tells me he(send) some gifts to me for my birthday.4. Listen, some b

17、eautiful birds(sing) in the tree.5. you(argue) with your father when I knocked at the door?6. I was surprised(find) that Ann got mad after hearing the bad news.7. I don t know if Lucy(come) to see me in five days.8. The teacher told us the earth(travel) round the sun.9. I don t think you are(supp) t

18、o smoke in the classroom.10. He said he(clean) his bedroom at this time yesterday.三、句型转换。1. Meimei said, “ I can pass th-efeyelar exam easily.(同义句)Meimei said pass the end-of-year exam easily.2. I hope that my parents are both well.(同义句)I hope that my parents are good.3. Don t shout at the old peopl

19、e ” , mother said to herson.Mother her son shout at the old people.4. I liked spring better than summer.(同义句)I spring summer.5. This little girl is very clever.( 变感叹句) the little girl is!四、单项选择。(五、)1. The earth goes round the sun. What did he say? I couldn t hear him.A. He says the earth goes round

20、the sun. C: He said the earth went round the sun.)2. The box is to . A. big enough, put my shoes C. big enough, put my shoes in)3.She told us she liked piano. A. to playB. playing theB. He said the earth goes round the sunD. He says the earth went round the sunB. enough big, put my shoes inD .big, p

21、ut shoes inC. to play aD. playing a)4.The doctor after he the patient.A looked worrying , looked overB. seemed like worried; looked afterC. looks worried , looked afterD. seemed worried; looked over)5.He thinks his sister can do very well in the exams, ? A. does he B. doesn t he C. can t sheD. can s

22、he)6.The are buying some in the supermarket.A. woman teachers, tomatoesB. woman teachers, tomatosC. women teachers, tomatosD. women teachers, tomatoes)7. Tom says he wash hands before a meal.A. must toB. will has toC. has toD. have to)8. They to visit our school the day after tomorrow.A. comeB. comi

23、ngC. are comingD. shall come )9. When you come here this afternoon. Please your sisterA. take, withB. carry, withC. bring, with)10. I m afraid there a heavy rain this afternoon.A. will be going toB. willC. will have)11.there was something wrong with the machine.you.D. bring, toD. will beD. It seem t

24、hatA. There seems B. It seemed that C. He seemed )12. I didn t know she play 族例)when she was four.A. can, B. could, theC. could,)13. Mother thought a clever boy.A. he isB. himC. him was)14. Can you this word English?A. say; inB. speak; inC. speak; with)15.The rich men can buy lots of things.A. himse

25、lfB. himC. themD. can,theD. hisD. say; withD. themselves完形填空。ANot long ago, there was a story in Russia about ZHUOY A and SHULA. They were sister and brother. They were in 1 same class of a middle school. They studied hard. They were2 strict 3 themselves. Their homework was given the day before. SHU

26、LA was clever. He had done his homework earlier. But ZHUOY A hadn t yet. The next afternoon she went on doing hers.SHULA thought his sister maybe couldn finish some of the exercises. So he put his“Why not copy my key down in 6 , sister? ” asked SHUiLAa smile.“No, I didnmust use my head and try my 7

27、to _ don t like to be lazy in 10 homework,”()1. A. aB. an()2. A. bothB. either()3. A. onB. with()4. A. pastB. pass()5. A. laterB. late()6. A. youB. yours()7. A. goodB. better()8. A. work themoutB. workout them()9. A. look forB. find()10. A. doingB. to do选用方框内的词的适当形式填空(可重复使用)8_ all by myself. I answe

28、red ZHUOYC. theC. neitherC. inC. passedC. latterlyC.yourC. bestC. work them offC. foundC.doneB，m sure, I can 9 a way. ID. /D. allD. atD. pastedD. latelyD. mineD. wellD. work off themD. looked forD. doget comeholdbringwatchmakedo beLana s birthday 1 .We planned to give her a surprise party . I think

29、I can2 her a big cakewith beautiful candles. Sally said she 3 some drinks and snacks. The party 4 in my house. I 5 a phone call to Frank to ask him to join us this morning. He6 TV then. He promised thathe 7 in time and bring some flowers to Lana. Eric said he8 his robot to the party. Therobot 9 all

30、kinds things for us. We all hope Lana 10 happy. 六、阅读理解。exercise-book with answers on his sister s deZHUOYeA came in the classroom, and went out quietly to play. A few minutes later, ZHUOY A came in and saw her brother sDoxeroise her desk. But she had never looked at it all. She sat on her seat, thin

31、king and thinking. Five minutes, ten minutes, half an hour had 4 . An hour and a half 5 , she worked out all problems at last and handed it in on time that afternoon. How happy she was!A(DHOUSE TO RENT Older house to rent in city center. One bedroom and one kitchen. Near important station. Buses pas

32、s back door. $ 475/mo. Phone 332-0178t. I(WELCOME TO OUR DANCE CLUB Free lessons. Every Saturday evening a different lesson every week. Bring your favorite CDs. Call Bridget at : 520-1928SWIMMING LESSONS FOR STUDENTS New Way Training CentreJuly 810(IWORK WANTED Strong boy pleased to work in garden o

33、r do housework. 3 hours a week.See Tom.根据前面广告的内容及以下各题中所给提示，选择正确答案Look at ad Susan is looking for a house to rent. It doesn t matter how old and how expensive it is. Shegot to study for her exam, so the house must be quiet.()1. Susan doesn t want to rent the house because.A. it s too oldB. it s too e

34、xpensive. there is only one bedroom D. it s too noisyLook at ad Mum: Look at that ad for the dance club! The lessons are free.oYi can join it.Daughter: My dear mum! Y ou haven t read it carefully. On Saturday, I have an English lesson in the morning, an art lesson in the afternoon and math lesson in

35、 the evening. I want some free time.()2. Why can t the daughter join the)cluA. She s freeB. It s too expensiveC. She wants to do her homeworkD. She wants to have a restLook at adDMr. Klip s children are going to learn swimming. They ll have a holiday from July 1 to 14.()3. How long will it take the

36、children to learn to swim in the Centre?A. 3 days B. 4 daysC. 1 weekD. 2 weeksLook at ad Nick has always wanted to work in a garden. He thinks it s an exciting place. It s habut he can do it.()4. What else does he need to do if he chooses to do the garden work?A. To help with his lessonsB. To clean

37、the kitchen and the rooms.C. To look after the flowers and grass. D. To do the washing for 3 hours a week.BA city is a very big place. Sometimes it s a lonely place, too. There are thousands of people in a city, but some of them don t have any friends.How about you? Do you have a lot of friends? If

38、you don t, make friends today. If you do,make another friend today.Pick a stranger at your job or school. Walk up to him or her and say, “Hello. My name s.What s your name? ” Start with a conversa)ioSmile, listen carefully, and show interest in your new friend s answers. Ask “ Where are you from? an

39、d Do you like this city?That s a goodaw to start.阅读下列短文，判断正(T)误(F)()1. A city is a very big and noisy and lonely place.()2. Everyone in the city has many friends.()3. The paragraph tells us not to make friends in a city.()4. When you wanted to make friends with someone, please say at first, “Whatyos

40、rname? How old are you? ()5. It s a good thing to make friends with others.七、根据汉语提示完成英语句子。1 .在英语方面，阅读和听力相比较，我更擅长阅读。In English, I m reading than listening.2 .昨天谢霆锋的出现让很多人疯狂。Many people Xie Tingfeng yesterday.3 .大家认为可能是大毛偷了东西。Da Mao be the thief who stole the things.4 .我不再想吃面包了 ，我已经吃得够多的了。I want to ea

41、t bread because I have had enough.5 .真正的足球运动员和所谓的踢球者有着很大的区别。There is a big serious football players and so-called football players.八、书面表达。用英语写一个你亲近或熟悉的人，叙写关于他(她)的生活、学习、工作等情况及一些 有趣的事，不用真名。答案Unit4一、A.1.better 2.worst 3.disappointing;disappointed 4.lucky5.1. known 2.hard-working 3.Luckily 4.messages 5.

42、copies二、1.would report 2.were doing 3.will send 4.are singing 5.Were arguing6. to find 7.will come 8.travels 9.supposed 10.was cleaning三、1.she could 2.in , health 3.told , not to 4.preferred , to 5.How clever 四、1-5 BCBDB 6-10 DCCCD 11-15 BBBAD五、 A)1-5 CABCAB) 1. is coming6-10 BCABA4. will be held 5.

43、 made2. get 3. would bring6. was watching7. would come 8. would bring9. can do 10. will be六、 A.1-4DDABB. 5-10 TFFFT七、1.better at 2.were mad at 3.was supposed to 4.dont any more 5.difference between八、 One possible version:My fatherMy father is a businessman. He sells computers. He is a kind man. He i

44、snt good at talking. He is very busy . Last week he flew to London. I told him to bring some interesting things to me. But when he came back home, he brought nothing. I was mad. But he said he had bought some snacks and some books for me. When he flew back to this city, in the street, he met a poor girl. She didnt have enough money to go to school. She was begging in the street. My father gave her the snacks and books and some money. So I had nothing. But I was also happy. I am proud of my father.