中考真题解析版汇编之句型转换

《中考真题解析版汇编之句型转换》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考真题解析版汇编之句型转换（20页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、中考真题解析版汇编之句型转换2011 年全国各地市 110 份中考真题解析版汇编之句型转换【基础知识】句子改写类综述句型转换试题是中考试题的重点题型。主要考查学生掌握句 型结构基本知识的程度、灵活运用句型的能力和逻辑思惟的 能力。从内容上看，主要有陈述句的肯定与否定、四种疑问 句、感叹句、祈使句之间的转换，语态之间的转换，常见句 型与词汇之间的转换等。题目 1 同义句转换根据 A 句意思完成 B 句，使 A 、B 两句意思相同或相近。1. She learned French by herself at the age of 20.She _ _ French at the age of 20

2、.2. I didn t go there for the outing with them because I was ill.My illness _me _ them in theouting.3. No matter where I go, I will never forget my teacher and classmates._ I go, I will always _ my teachersand classmates4. If you don t study hard, you won t catch up with other students.If you don t

3、study hard, you will _ other students.5. She has made upher mind that she won t do that again.She has _ _ to do that again.【预测依据】研究 2011 年的各地中考试题我们发现，同义 句转换难度较大，考查的主要是对句型的活用以及同一个内 容多种形式表达的能力。根据这一原则，我们所押的第一个小题考查同义词组 teach oneself, learn by oneself。第二个小题 主要是考察“因为某种原因不能做某事”的不同表达方式。第 3 个小题则是考察同义词组no mat

4、ter where=wherever。第4 个小题主要考查“不能赶上”的不同的表达方式。第5 个小题主要考查“决心不去做某事”的不同的表达方式。2012年的试题将继续坚持考查句型的活用和同一内容的不同表 达方式。【解题关键】 下面谈谈同义转换的解题技巧。1同义词的互换。这是同义句转换中最简单的形式，希望大家可以熟练掌握课本中出现的同义词。如如: look after/take care of,arrive in (at)/get to/ reach, be out/ be not at home, enjoyoneself/have a good time, no hurry/take one

5、 s time, teachoneself/learn by oneself 等。 在现在完成时中，延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换。延续 性动词能与表达一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能；改 为与之对应的延续性动词或者短语；用于“ It is+ 一段时间since + 一般过去时”的句型中。2意义相同或者相近的句型句式的转换。利用意义相同或者 相近的句型句式转换，要注意他们之间的同义可换性。如：tooto 可以转换成 so that not, so that 转化为 enough to 等。3用派生词或者词类转换法转换。这时要注意句子结构的变 化。4语态的变化：主动句的宾语改为被动句的主语，再

6、把谓语 动词变为被动语态。主动句中的主要成为介词 by 的宾语或 者省略。5简单句与复合句之间的转换。常见的有用不定式替换、 介词短语替换等。6合并分句法。 If 引导的条件句与 “祈使句简单句” 转换；bothand, not only but also, eitheror, neithernor 等连词 合并为一个简单句。7比较级与最高级之间互换。在比较级之间的转换中，常用not as (so)as 换成含有 than 的比较级句子；比较级可以转化为最高级的句子。【答案解析】 1. taught herselfteach oneself=learn byoneself2. stopped/

7、prevented, joining stop （from） doing sth 阻止某人做某事3. Wherever, remember 应用反义词组进行互相转换。 never forget=remember4. fall behind应用反义词组进行互相转换。 catch upwith= fall behind5. decided not应用同义词组进行互相转换。 make upones mind=decide 题目 2 1. Aunt Huang likes making home cooking. （ 否定句 ）Aunt Huang _ _ making home cooking.2.

8、 John went to see his grandpa once a week. （就划线部分提问 ）How _ _ Joh n go to see his grandpa?3. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years. （同义句 ）It s more than ten years _ Susan _ to this city.4. Bens read the text three times. （反意疑问句 ）Ben s redathe text threetimes,_?5. You must take care of y

9、our things. （ 被动语态 ）Your things must _ _ care of.6. They are happy to see each other. （改为感叹句 ）_ _ they are to see each other!7. The exam begins at nine. （改为一般疑问句 ）_ the exam _ at nine?8. He was playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon. （ 就划 线部分提问 ）_ _ he _ at four yesterday afternoon?9. He had

10、 nothing for breakfast. （ 改为反意疑问句 ）He had nothing for breakfast _ _ ?10. She doesnt think I can surf on the Internet. （ 改反意疑问句 ）She doesn t think I can surf on the Internet, _ ?【预测依据】依据新课程标准的精神，结合 2011 年各地的 中考试题看，主观性试题有增加的趋势， 预计 2012 年中考 中主观性试题还会有所增加。这类题目考查的范围较广， 如 陈述句变为否定句， 陈述句变为一般疑问句，对划线部分提 问，感叹句之

11、间的转换等等。在这些题目中，考查反意疑问句的概率较高，并特别注重考查一些特殊形式的反意疑问 句。出现概率较高的还有陈述句变为一般疑问句和否定句。 我们所押的这组题目中，考查反意疑问句的有3 个小题，对划线部分提问 2 个小题，变为否定句、一般疑问句、同义句 以及语态的转换各一个小题。【答案解析】1. doesnt like 是第三人称的否定句另加doesnt ，然后把动词还原为 like ，即去掉 s。2. how often; did 对频率提问用 how often ，过去时态的一般 疑问句另加助动词 did ，动词过去式还原为原形。3. 这是完成时转换成过去时的句型， 结构为 It s

12、+时间 since +一般过去时， 注意此时的动词步能用延续性动词， 应换为 非延续动词， 答案是 since,came。4. 此题主要考查分解 Ben s 为 Ben is 还是 Ben has,它是完 成时态，因此是 has,前者为肯定，后者为否定 hasn t he。5. 这是含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构为情态动词 +be+ 过去分词,答案是 be taken。6. How happy7. Does; begin 主语为第三人称单数形式, 疑问句中动词要使 用原形。8. What was; doing9. had he 如果陈述部分有否定或者半否定词never, hardly,seld

13、om, neither, few, little, no, nobody, nothing 等时, 后面的附 加问句部分用肯定形式。10. does she题目 3 1、I suppose that Jim dislikes fish, _ _ ? （反义疑问句）2、 There are 17,800,800 people in Australia.There are 28,100,100 people in Canada.The population in Australia is _ _ _ ofCanada.（改为复合句）3.The doctor has asked him not to

14、 smoke any more.He nosmokes because the doctor has asked himnot to.（同义句）4.Why are you making this card? （同义句）_ are you making this card _ ?5.He used the money to buy things for his lab. （同义句）_ the money he _ things for his lab.6. Uncle Wang likes making things. （ 改写为否定句 ）Uncle Wang _making things.7.

15、 Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. （ 改为一般疑 问句 ）_ An n _ the book to the library yesterday?8. Our city is very beautiful. （ 改为感叹句 ）_ _ our city is!9. He has worked in this school for five years. （ 就划线部分提 问）_ _ has he worked in this school?10. Beijing is cold. Haerbin is colder. （改为复合句）B

16、eijing is coldHarerbin.预测依据 依据新课程标准的精神， 结合 2011 年各地的中 考试题看，主观性试题有增加的趋势， 预计 2012 年中考中 主观性试题还会有所增加。这类题目考查的范围较广，除了 陈述句变为否定句，陈述句变为一般疑问句，对划线部分提 问，感叹句之间的转换常见的考试形式以外，还有简单句与 复合句的转换等。我们所押的这组题目中，考虑到这一考查 形式，我们设置了 2 道有关简单句与复合句互相转换的小题。 我们认为 2012 年的试题中，这种形式可能的题目可能增加。 【答案解析】1、doesnt he2、smaller than that3、longer 应

17、用同义词组进行互相转换。 not any longer = no longer; nomore =not any more4、What, for5、 With, bought6、doesnt like 主语为第三人称单数形式是， 变为否定句， 要把句中的动词变为原形。7、 Did return 句中含有实义动词的一般现在时态的句子， 变为一般疑问句时，在句首添加 do 的过去式形式，并把句 中的动词变为原形。8、 How beautiful9、 How long 划线部分在句中做时间状语，对时间状语提 问使用 howlong 。10、 not as; as 【解题关键】1 肯定句变否定句。侧重

18、于一些特殊的结构上：等词后接 宾语从句，要把主句的动词变成否定句式以构成否定句； 利用词语的变化构成否定句， 如 both 变 neither, everybody 变 nobody 等;在构成否定句时，部分词也要做出相应的变化， 如 some 或者 some-构成的复合不定代词，改为any 或者含any-的复合不定代词等。2 陈述句变反意疑问句。侧重于一些特殊形式的考查：陈 述部分有否定或者半否定词never, hardly, seldom, neither, few,little, no, nobody, nothing 等时，后面的附加问句部分用肯定 形式；以Let s 开头，附加问句部

19、分用 shall we?其他的否 定句，常用 will(won t)you? have 表示“有”，否定问句部 分用 have 或者 do 的否定形式；表示“不得不” (have to)， 多用 do 的适当形式；表示其它意义，后面常用 do 的适当形 式；充当助动词，用 have 的适当形式。3 陈述句变感叹句： 由 how 引出，句子的基本结构为： How 形容词(或副词)主语谓语。这种感叹句强调形容词 或副词。例如： Howdelicious they are !它们味道真美！由 what 引出，其基本结构是： What (a / an) +形容词+ 名词(单数或复数)主语谓语。这种感叹

20、句强调名词。 例如： What an importantmeeting it is ！多么重要的会呀！ What a long way it is from Beijingto London! 从北京到伦敦 是多长的路呀！不可数名词用在感叹句中时，前面不能用 a 或 an,也不能用 how。例如： What bad weather it is ! 多么 恶劣的天气！4 对划线部分提问， 应该找准划线部分充当的成分， 就主语 提问通常用 who,what 和 which; 就谓语部分提问用 what; 就 定语提问用 whom 或者which 。根据结构的不同，确定不同 的疑问词。临阵技法 句型

21、转换的解题方法主要有替代法、合并法、转换法及综述 法。替代法指用同义词或者短语替代原句的某个部分；合并 法即用连词将两个简单句合并为一个全新的复合句或者简 单句；转换法即用不同大的句型改写原句；综述法即根据原 句句意综合分析，并进行重新表述。在解答句型转换试题时应该注意： 1 弄清题意，明确考点， 了解试题的句子与答语之间的变化及关系。 2 多角度的、全 方位的思惟，抓住重点，突破难点，注意复查与验证，看答 案是否复合题意、句式结构和试题要求。【真题荟萃】（一）句式转换【2011 重庆】 V. 完成句子。（每空 1 分，共 10 分） 根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。66. My

22、classmates are going to skate in the afternoon.（ 改为否定 句）My classmates_ _ to skate in the afternoon.67. Mr. Zhao goes fishing every weekend.（ 改为反意疑问句 ）Mr. Zhao goes fishing every weekend，_ _ ?68. Bruce has art lessons twice a week.（对划线部分提问）_ _ does Bruce have are lessons?70. 请等待我们的好消息。 （完成译句）Please _

23、 _ our good news!答案：66. aren t going 变为否定句，有 be 动词 are 直接加 not。67. doesn t he 考查反义疑问句的用法，前肯后否，一般现在时态并且主语是第三人称单数，所以用doesn t。68. How often 对频率提问用 How often.70. wait for 考查固定短语 “wait for ” 等待。【2011 山东临沂】七、句形转换（共6 个小题，计 6 分）77. Alice has a tennis racket. （改为一般疑问句 ）_ Alice _ a tennis racket?78. There wer

24、e some tigers in the mountains （ 改为否定句 ）There _ _ tigers in the mountains.79. The twins are of medium height. （ 对画线部分提问 ）_ _ the twins look like?81. You should finish the work at the end of the week. （ 改为被 动语态 ）The work should _ _ at the end of the week.77. Does, have 78. weren t any 79. What do 81.

25、be finished【2011 贵州安顺】 C. 句型转换，每空一词。11. They had an English party last Sunday. （ 改为否定句 ）They _ _ an English party last Sunday.12. The reporter asked the girl,“Do you like your volunteerwork on weekends? ” （改为间接引语 ）The reporter asked the girl _ she _ her volunteerwork on weekends.13. The girl with a

26、flower in her hand is my sister. （ 改为含定语 从句的复合句 ）The girl _ _ a flower in her hand is my sister.14. Should I arrive on time or a little later if someone invites meto dinner? （ 改为同义句 ）Am I _ _ arrive on time or a little later if someoneinvites me to dinner?15. The students will learn the group dance

27、on the school playground. （ 对画线部分提问 ）_ _ the students learn the group dance?答案： 11. didnt have 12. if; liked 13. who/that has/holds14. supposed to15.Where will【 2011 上海】 VII Rewrite the following sentences as required65. We keep in touch with each other by email.（ 改为否定句 ）We _ _ in touch with each ot

28、her by email.66. Our school organizes an English speech contest once a year. （对话先部分提分 ）_ _ does your school organize an English speech contest?67. The beach is a nice place for tourists.（ 改为感叹句 ）_ _ nice place the beach is for tourists!68. Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants t

29、o know.（ 合并为一句 ）The sales manager wants to know _ there _ any newmarkets in Asia.69. The university will invite many graduates to celebrate its 100th birthday.（ 改为被动语态 ）Many graduates will _ _ by the university to celebrate its 100thbirthday.70. We shouldnt talk loudly in the theater. We shouldnt sm

30、oke there, either.（保持句意不变）We should _ talk loudly _ smoke in the theater.VII. 65. don t keep 66. How often 67. What a 68. if,6a9r.ebe invited 70.neither, nor【2011 重庆江津】根据所给的提示，完成句子，每空一词， 含缩略词。66. Dave sometimes helps in the house at the weekend.（改为一 般疑问句 ）Dave sometimesin the house?67. Many visitors

31、 will come to our city in July . （对划线部分 提问）many visitors come to our city?68. Maria asked me to go to her birthday party yesterday.（改为 否定句 ）Mariame to her birthday partyyesterday.66. Does help 67. When will 68. didn t ask【2011 重庆】 V. 完成句子。（每空 1 分，共 10 分） 根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。66. My classmates are g

32、oing to skate in the afternoon.（ 改为否定 句）My classmates_ _ to skate in the afternoon.67. Mr. Zhao goes fishing every weekend.（ 改为反意疑问句 ） Mr. Zhaogoes fishing every weekend，_ _ ?68. Bruce has art lessons twice a week.（对划线部分提问）doesBruce have are lessons?70. 请等待我们的好消息。 （完成译句）Please _ _ our good news!答案：6

33、6. aren t going 变为否定句，有 be 动词 are 直接加 not。67. doesn t he 考查反义疑问句的用法，前肯后否，一般现在时态并且主语是第三人称单数，所以用doesn t。68. How often 对频率提问用 How often.70. wait for 考查固定短语 “wait for ” 等待。【2011 乌鲁木齐】 86.0ur city is beautiful.（ 改为感叹句 ）our city is!86 How beautiful【2011 乌鲁木齐】 87 .There are two hundred famous companies in

34、Xinjiangfrom 19 provinces.（ 对划线部分提问 ） famous companies in Xinjiangare there from 19 provinces?87.How many【 2011 乌鲁木齐】 90. She hardly knew how to solve this mathproblem.（ 完成反义疑问句 ）She hardly knew how to solve this math problem, _ 90. did she【2011 广西百色】第二节句型转换（共 5 小题；每小题 2分，满分 10 分。一空一词，错填不给分）74. The

35、nurse does all the housework in my home every day.（ 改 为一般疑问句 ）_ the nurse _ all the housework in your home everyday?75. We broke two teeth when playing football.（ 改为单数句 ）_ broke a _ when playing football.76. Let s go and help the old man to cross the road.（改为反意 疑问句 ）Let s go and help the old man to

36、cross the road,_?77. Jane will learn a new dance in the gym.（ 就划线部分提问 ）_ _ Jane learn a new dance?78.“Wy do you stay at home?” my father asked.（把直接引语改为间接引语）My father asked _ I _ at home.74. Does, do 75. I, tooth 76. shall we 77. Where will78. why, stayedV.完成句子。（每空 1 分，共 10 分）【2011 四川乐山】 81. We will

37、turn off the lights for an hour onEarth Day.（对划线部分提问）_ _ we turn off the lights for an hour?【2011 四川乐山】 83. “Will you please open the window? ” she said tohim. （将直接引语改为间接引语 ）She _ him _ open the window.【2011 四川乐山】 85. The new high-speed Hangzhou-Shanghai linestarted running last year. It cost about

38、29 billion yuan. （ 合并 为含定语从句的句子 ）The new high-speed Hangzhou-Shanghai line _ about 29 billion yuan started running last year. 答案： 81. Whenwill_83. asked; to85. that/ which cost【201 1 ?兰州】九、按要求完成句子A ）句型转换1. By comparing with others, you will find your problems arenot so terrible. （划线部分提问）you find you

39、r problems are not so terrible?答案： How will2. It is interesting to send English messages to friends on a mobile phone.（改为感叹句）interesting thing it is to send Englishmessages to friends on a mobile phone!答案： What an4. Being a volunteer is g re a t. （改为反义疑问句）Being a volunteer is great,?答案： isnt it5. Th

40、e woman teacher asked the students“ Can you understand what I ams ay i n g ? ”（改为间接引语）The woman teacher asked the studentscouldunderstand what she was saying.答案： if/ whether they（二）同义句转换 【2011 重庆】69. I spend half an hour doing morning exercises every day.（ 改 为同义句 ）It _ me half an hour to _ morning e

41、xercises everyday.答案： 69. takes; do 考查“花费” 的同义句， It takes sb some time to dosth 花费某人一段时间做某事， it 是形式主语，不 定式做真正的主语。【 2011 四川乐山】 82. Shall we have a picnic at the weekend? （改为同义句 ）_ _ having a picnic at the weekend?【 2011 四川乐山】 84. They kept on talking until the teacher came in. （改为同义句 ）They didn t _ _

42、 until the teacher came in.答案： 82. What/ How about 84. stop talking【 2011?兰州】 3. It would be nice if we could get a room with a kitchen sowe could cook our town meals. （改为同义句）It would be nice if we could get a room a kitchen so we could cook ourown meals.答案： which has【 2011 山东临沂】七、句形转换（共6 个小题，计 6 分）

43、80. Frank will come up with some ways to learn more English.（ 改为同义句 ）。Frank will _ _ some ways to learn more English.80.think up川句型转换，根据要求完成下列句子（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）【2011 乌鲁木齐】 88.1 am surprised to find great changes havetaken place in China.（改为同义句）_ my _ ,I find great changes have taken place inC

44、hina.88.To, surprise【2011 乌鲁木齐】 89. My son is too young to join the army. （ 改 为同义句 ）My son isnt _ to join the army.89. old enough【2011 连云港】六、完成句子（共 6 小题；每小题 1 分，满 分 6 分）在横线上填入所缺部分，使句子完整（注意：每空不止 一个单词）。A. 同义句改写66. To plant trees every year is necessary for us._ for us to plant trees every year.67. Paul left Canada two days ago.Paul _ Canada since two days ago.66. It is necessary 67.has been away from【 2011 重庆江津】 69. Tommy usually walks to school every morning.（ 改为同义句 ）Tommy usually goes to school every morning.69. on foot