一些常见的统计术语翻译

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1、一些常见的统计术语翻译Absolute deviation,绝对离差Absolute number ,绝对数Absolute residuals,绝对残差Acceleration array,加速度立体阵Acceleration in an arbitrary direction,任意方向上的力口速度Acceleration normal,法向力口速度Acceleration space dimension,加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential, 切向力口速度Acceleration vector ,力口速度向量Acceptable hypothesis,可接受假设A

2、ccumulation, 累积Accuracy, 准确度Actual frequency, 实际频数Adaptive estimator,自适应估计量Addition,相加Addition theorem,力口法定理Additivity, 可加性Adjusted rate, 调整率Adjusted value, 校正值Admissible error ,容许误差Aggregation, 聚集性Alternative hypothesis,备择假设Among groups, 组间Amounts, 总量Analysis of correlation,相关分析Analysis of covarian

3、ce,协方差分析Analysis of regression,回归分析Analysis of time series,时间序列分析Analysis of variance,方差分析Angular transformation, 角转换ANOVA (analysis of variance ),方差分析ANOVA Models,方差分析模型Arcing,弧/弧旋Arcsine transformation,反正弦变换Area under the curve, 曲线面积AREG ,评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差ARIMA,季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计Arithmetic

4、grid paper ,算术格纸Arithmetic mean,算术平均数Arrhenius relation,艾恩尼斯关系Assessing fit, 拟合的评估Associative laws, 结合律Asymmetric distribution,对称分布Asymptotic bias,渐近偏倚Asymptotic efficiency,渐近效率Asymptotic variance,渐近方差Attributable risk, 归因危险度Attribute data,属性资料Attribution, 属性Autocorrelation, 自相关Autocorrelation of re

5、siduals, 残差的 自相关Average, 平均数Average confidence interval length,平均置区间长度Average growth rate,平均增长率Bar chart, 条形图Bar graph, 条形图Base period, 基期Bayes theorem , Bayes 定理Bell-shaped curve,钟形曲线Bernoulli distribution,伯努力分布Best-trim estimator,最好切尾估计量Bias,偏性Binary logistic regression,二元逻辑斯蒂回归Binomial distributi

6、on, 二项分布Bisquare, 双平方Bivariate Correlate,二变量相关Bivariate normal distribution,双变量正态分布Bivariate normal population,双变量正态总体Biweight interval,双权区间Biweight M-estimator ,双权 M 估计量Block,区组/配伍组BMDP(Biomedical computer programs), BMDP统计软件包Boxplots, 箱线图/箱尾图Breakdown bound, 崩溃界/崩溃点Canonical correlation,典型相关Captio

7、n, 纵标目Case-control study,病例对照研究Categorical variable,分类变量Catenary, 悬链线Cauchy distribution, 柯西分布Cause-and-effect relationship,因果关系Cell,单元Censoring, 终检Center of symmetry, 对称中心Centering and scaling, 中心化和定标Central tendency, 集中趋势Central value, 中心值CHAID - % 2 Automatic Interaction Detector ,卡方自动交互检测Chance,

8、机遇Chance error ,随机误差Chance variable,随机变量Characteristic equation,特征方程Characteristic root, 特征根Characteristic vector ,特征向量Chebshev criterion of fit,拟合的切比雪夫准则Chernoff faces, 切尔诺夫脸谱图Chi-square test,卡方检验/ % 2检验Choleskey decomposition,乔洛斯基分解Circle chart, 圆图Class interval, 组距Class mid-value, 组中值Class upper

9、limit, 组上限Classified variable,分类变量Cluster analysis,聚类分析Cluster sampling, 整群抽样Code,代码Coded data, 编码数据Coding,编码Coefficient of contingency,歹 U 联系数Coefficient of determination, 决定系数Coefficient of multiple correlation,多重相关系数Coefficient of partial correlation,偏相关系数Coefficient of production-moment correlat

10、ion,积差相关系数Coefficient of rank correlation,等级相关系数Coefficient of regression,回归系数Coefficient of skewness,偏度系数Coefficient of variation, 变异系数Cohort study, 队列研究Column,列Column effect, 列效应Column factor ,列因素Combination pool, 合并Combinative table, 组合表Common factor ,共性因子Common regression coefficient, 公共回归系数Comm

11、on value, 共同值Common variance,公共方差Common variation,公共变异Communality variance,共性方差Comparability, 可比性批比较Comparison of bathes,Comparison value, 比较值Compartment model,分部模型Compassion, 伸缩Complement of an event, 补事件Complete association,完全正相关Complete dissociation,完全不相关Complete statistics, 完备统计量Completely rando

12、mized design,完全随机化设计Composite event, 联合事件Composite events,复合事件Concavity,凹性Conditional expectation, 条件期望Conditional likelihood, 条件似然Conditional probability, 条件概率Conditionally linear,依条件线性Confidence interval, 置区间Confidence limit, 置信限Confidence lower limit,置下限Confidence upper limit,置上限Confirmatory Fact

13、or Analysis , 验证性因子分析Confirmatory research,证实性实验研究Confounding factor , 混杂因素Conjoint,联合分析Consistency, 相合性Consistency check,一致性检验Consistent asymptotically normal estimate,相合渐近正态估计Consistent estimate, 相合估计Constrained nonlinear regression,受约束线也回归Constraint, 约束Contaminated distribution,污染分布Contaminated G

14、ausssian,污染高斯分布Contaminated normal distribution,污染正态分布Contamination, 污染Contamination model, 污染模型Contingency table,歹 U 联表Contour ,边界线Contribution rate, 贡献率Control,对照Controlled experiments,对照实验Conventional depth,常规深度Convolution, 卷积Corrected factor,校正因子Corrected mean, 校正均值Correction coefficient,校正系数Cor

15、rectness, 正确性Correlation coefficient,相关系数Correlation index,相关指数Correspondence, 对应Counting, 计数Counts,计数/频数Covariance, 协方差Covariant,共变Cox Regression, Cox 回归Criteria for fitting, 拟合准则Criteria of least squares,最/八二乘准贝 UCritical ratio, 临界比Critical region, 拒绝域Critical value, 临界值Cross-over design,交叉设计Cross

16、-section analysis,横断面分析Cross-section survey,横断面调查Crosstabs , 交叉表Cross-tabulation table, 复合表Cube root, 立方根Cumulative distribution function,分布函数Cumulative probability,累计概率Curvature,曲率/弯曲Curvature,曲率Curve fit , 曲线拟和Curve fitting,曲线拟合Curvilinear regression, 曲线回归Curvilinear relation,曲线关系Cut-and-try metho

17、d,尝试法Cycle,周期Cyclist,周期性D test, D 检验Data acquisition, 资料收集Data bank, 数据库Data capacity,数据容量Data deficiencies,数据缺乏Data handling, 数据处理Data manipulation,数据处理Data processing, 数据处理Data reduction,数据缩减Data set, 数据集Data sources,数据来源Data validity,数据有效性Data-in,数据输入Data-out,数据输出Dead time, 停滞期Degree of freedom,自

18、 由度Degree of precision,精密度Degree of reliability,可靠性程度Degression, 递减Density function,密度函数Density of data points, 数据点的密度Dependent variable,应变量/依变量/因变量Dependent variable,因变量Depth, 深度Derivative matrix, 导数矩阵Derivative-free methods,无导数方法Design, 设计Determinacy,确定性Determinant,行列式Determinant,决定因素Deviation, 离差

19、Deviation from average, 离均差Diagnostic plot, 诊断图Dichotomous variable,二分变量Differential equation, 微分方程Direct standardization,直接标准化法Discrete variable, 离散型变量DISCRIMINANT ,判断Discriminant analysis,判别分析Discriminant coefficient, 判另 U 系数Discriminant function, 判另 U 值Dispersion, 散布/分散度Disproportional, 不成比例的Disp

20、roportionate sub-class numbers,不成比例次级组含量Distribution free,分布无关性/免分布Distribution shape,分布形状Distribution-free method, 任意分布法Distributive laws, 分配律Disturbance, 随机扰动项Dose response curve,齐 U量反应曲线Double blind method,双盲法Double blind trial,双盲试验Double exponential distribution,双指数分布Double logarithmic, 双对数Downw

21、ard rank, 降秩Dual-space plot, 对偶空间图新复极差法/Duncan 新法DUD,无导数方法Duncans new multiple range method,E-LEffect, 实验效应Eigenvalue, 特征值Eigenvector , 特征向量Ellipse,椭圆Empirical distribution,经验分布Empirical probability,经验概率单位Enumeration data,计数资料Equal sun-class number , 相等次级组含量Equally likely,等可能Equivariance,同变性Error,误差

22、/错误Error of estimate, 估计误差Error type I,第一类错误Error type II, 第二类错误Estimand, 被估量Estimated error mean squares,估计误差均方Estimated error sum of squares,估计误差平方和Euclidean distance,欧式距离Event, 事件Event, 事件Exceptional data point, 异常数据点Expectation plane,期望平面Expectation surface, 期望曲面Expected values,期望值Experiment, 实验

23、Experimental sampling,试验抽样Experimental unit,试验单位Explanatory variable, 说明变量Exploratory data analysis,探索性数据分析Explore Summarize,探索-摘要Exponential curve,指数曲线Exponential growth,指数式增长EXSMOOTH, 指数平滑方法Extended fit,扩充拟合Extra parameter ,附加参数Extrapolation, 夕卜推法Extreme observation,末端观测值Extremes, 极端值/极值F distribu

24、tion, F 分布F test, F 检验Factor ,因素/因子Factor analysis,因子分析Factor Analysis,因子分析Factor score, 因子得分Factorial, 阶乘Factorial design,析因试验设计False negative, 假阴性False negative error ,彳矍阴性专昔误Family of distributions, 分布族Family of estimators,估计量族Fanning, 扇面Fatality rate,病死率Field investigation,现场调查Field survey,现场调查F

25、inite population,有限总体Finite-sample,有限样本First derivative, 一阶导数First principal component, 第一主成分First quartile,第一四分位数Fisher information, 费雪信息量Fitted value, 拟合值Fitting a curve,曲线拟合Fixed base, 定基Fluctuation,随机起伏Forecast,预测Four fold table, 四格表Fourth, 四分点Fraction blow,左侧比率Fractional error ,相对误差Frequency, 频

26、率Frequency polygon,频数多边图Frontier point, 界限点Function relationship, 泛函关系Gamma distribution,伽玛分布Gauss increment,高斯增量Gaussian distribution, 高斯分布/正态分布Gauss-Newton increment, 高斯-牛顿增量General census,全面普查GENLOG (Generalized liner models),广义线性模型Geometric mean,几何平均数Ginis mean difference,基尼均差GLM (General liner

27、models),通用线性模型Goodness of fit, 拟和优度/配合度Gradient of determinant,行歹U式的梯度Graeco-Latin square, 希月昔拉丁方Grand mean,总均值Gross errors,重大错误Gross-error sensitivity,大错敏感度Group averages, 分组平均Grouped data,分组资料Guessed mean,假定平均数Half-life,半衰期Hampel M-estimators,汉佩尔 M 估计量Happenstance,偶然事件Harmonic mean,调和均数Hazard func

28、tion,风险均数Hazard rate, 风险率Heading, 标目Heavy-tailed distribution, 重尾分布Hessian array,海森立体阵Heterogeneity,不同质Heterogeneity of variance, 方差不齐Hierarchical classification, 组内分组Hierarchical clustering method, 系统聚类法High-leverage point,高杠杆率点HILOGLINEAR, 多维列联表的层次对数线性模型Hinge,折叶点Histogram, 直方图Historical cohort stu

29、dy, 历史性队列研究Holes, 空洞HOMALS,多重响应分析Homogeneity of variance,方差齐性Homogeneity test,齐性检验Huber M-estimators, 休伯 M 估计量Hyperbola, 双曲线Hypothesis testing, 假设检验Hypothetical universe,假设总体Impossible event,不可能事件Independence, 独立性Independent variable, 自变量Index,指标/指数Indirect standardization,间接标准化法Individual, 个体Infere

30、nce band, 推断带Infinite population, 无限总体Infinitely great, 无穷大nfinitely small, 无穷小nfluence curve,影响曲线Information capacity,信息容量Initial condition,初始条件Initial estimate,初始估计值Initial level,最初水平Interaction,交互作用Interaction terms,交互作用项Intercept, 截距Interpolation, 内插法Interquartile range,四分位品 EInterval estimation

31、,区 间估计Intervals of equal probability,等概率区间Intrinsic curvature,固有曲率Invariance, 不变性Inverse matrix, 逆矩阵Inverse probability, 逆概率Inverse sine transformation,反正弦变换Iteration, 迭代Jacobian determinant,雅可比行歹U式Joint distribution function, 分布函数Joint probability, 联合概率Joint probability distribution, 联合概率分布K means

32、method, 逐步聚类法Kaplan-Meier ,评估事件的时间长度Kaplan-Merier chart, Kaplan-Merier 图Kendalls rank correlation, Kendall等级相关Kinetic, 动力学Kolmogorov-Smirnove test,柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验Kruskal and Wallis test, Kruskal 及 Wallis 检验/多样本的秩和检验/H检验Kurtosis,峰度Lack of fit, 失拟Ladder of powers, 募阶梯Lag, 滞后Large sample, 大样本Large sampl

33、e test,大样本检验Latin square,拉丁 方Latin square design,拉丁 方设计Leakage,泄漏Least favorable configuration,最不利构形Least favorable distribution,最不利分布Least significant difference,最 zb 显著差法最小绝对残差估计Least square method,最小二乘法Least-absolute-residuals estimates,Least-absolute-residuals fit,Least-absolute-residuals line,最

34、小绝对残差拟合最小绝对残差线Legend,图例L-estimator , L 估计量L-estimator of location,位置 L 估计量L-estimator of scale,尺度 L 估计量Level, 水平Life expectance,预期期望寿命Life table, 寿命表Life table method, 生命表法Light-tailed distribution, 轻尾分布Likelihood function,似然函数Likelihood ratio, 似然比line graph, 线图Linear correlation,直线相关Linear equation

35、, 线性方程Linear programming, 线性规戈 ULinear regression,直线回归Linear Regression,线性回归Linear trend,线性趋势Loading,载荷Location and scale equivariance,位置尺度同变性Location equivariance, 位置 同变性Location invariance,位置不变性Location scale family,位置尺度族Log rank test, 时序检验Logarithmic curve,对数曲线Logarithmic normal distribution,对数正态

36、分布Logarithmic scale,对数尺度Logarithmic transformation,对数变换Logic check,逻辑检查Logistic distribution,逻辑斯特分布Logit transformation, Logit 转换LOGLINEAR,多维列联表通用模型Lognormal distribution,对数正态分布Lost function,损失函数Low correlation,低度相关Lower limit, 下限Lowest-attained variance, 最可达方差LSD,最小显著差法的简称Lurking variable,潜在变量M-RMa

37、in effect, 主效应Major heading, 主辞标目Marginal density function,边缘密度函数Marginal probability,边缘概率Marginal probability distribution,边缘概率分布Matched data,配对资料Matched distribution,匹配过分布Matching of distribution,分布的匹配Matching of transformation,变换的匹配Mathematical expectation, 数学期望Mathematical model, 数学模型Maximum L-e

38、stimator ,极大极小L估计量Maximum likelihood method, 最大似然法Mean,均数Mean squares between groups, 组间均方Mean squares within group,组内均方Means (Compare means),均值-均值比较Median, 中位数Median effective dose,半数效量Median lethal dose, 半数致死量Median polish,中位数平滑Median test, 中位数检验Minimal sufficient statistic,最小充分统计量Minimum distance

39、 estimation, 最品 E 离估计Minimum effective dose, 最小有效量Minimum lethal dose,最小致死量Minimum variance estimator , 最小方差估计量MINITAB,统计软件包Minor heading,宾词标目Missing data, 缺失值Model specification,模型的确定Modeling Statistics ,模型统计Models for outliers,离群值模型Modifying the model,模型的修正Modulus of continuity,连续性模Morbidity,发病率Mo

40、st favorable configuration,最有利构形Multidimensional Scaling (ASCAL),多维尺度 / 多维标度Multinomial Logistic Regression ,多项逻辑斯蒂回归Multiple comparison,多重比较Multiple correlation ,复相关Multiple covariance,多元协方差Multiple linear regression,多元线也回归Multiple response ,多重选项Multiple solutions, 多解Multiplication theorem, 乘法定理Mul

41、tiresponse, 多元响应Multi-stage sampling,多阶段抽样Multivariate T distribution, 多元 T 分布Mutual exclusive, 互不相容Mutual independence,互相独立Natural boundary, 自然边界Natural dead,自然死亡Natural zero, 自然零Negative correlation, 负相关Negative linear correlation,负线性相关Negatively skewed, 负偏Newman-Keuls method, q 检验NK method, q 检验N

42、o statistical significance,无统计意义Nominal variable,名义变量Nonconstancy of variability, 变异的非定常性Nonlinear regression,非线性相关Nonparametric statistics, 非参数统计Nonparametric test, 非参数检验Nonparametric tests,非参数检验Normal deviate,正态离差Normal distribution, 正态分布Normal equation,正规方程组Normal ranges, 正常范围Normal value, 正常值Nui

43、sance parameter , 多余参数/讨厌参数Null hypothesis, 无效假设Numerical variable,数值变量Objective function, 目标函数Observation unit,观察单位Observed value,观察值One sided test,单侧检验One-way analysis of variance,单因素方差分析Oneway ANOVA , 单因素方差分析Open sequential trial,开放型序贯设计Optrim, 优切尾Optrim efficiency,优切尾效率Order statistics, 顺序统计量Ord

44、ered categories,有序分类Ordinal logistic regression ,序数逻辑斯蒂回归Ordinal variable,有序变量Orthogonal basis,正交基Orthogonal design,正交试验设计Orthogonality conditions, 正交条件ORTHOPLAN, 正交设计Outlier cutoffs,离群值截断点Outliers, 极端值OVERALS ,多组变量的非线性正规相关Overshoot,迭代过度Paired design,酉己对设计Paired sample,酉己对样本Pairwise slopes,成对斜率Parab

45、ola, 抛物线Parallel tests,平行试验Parameter ,参数Parametric statistics,参数统计Parametric test,参数检验Partial correlation,偏相关Partial regression,偏回归Partial sorting, 偏排序Partials residuals, 偏残差Pattern,模式Pearson curves,皮尔逊曲线Peeling,退层Percent bar graph,百分条形图Percentage, 百分比Percentile, 百分位数Percentile curves,百分位曲线Periodici

46、ty,周期性Permutation,排歹 UP-estimator , P 估计量Pie graph,饼图Pitman estimator , 皮特曼估计量Pivot, 枢轴量Planar ,平坦Planar assumption, 平面的假设PLANCARDS,生成试验的计划卡Point estimation, 点估计Poisson distribution, 泊松分布Polishing,平滑Polled standard deviation, 合并标准差Polled variance, 合并方差Polygon, 多边图Polynomial,多项式Polynomial curve,多项式曲线

47、人群归因危险度Population, 总体Population attributable risk,Positive correlation, 正相关Positively skewed, 正偏Posterior distribution,后验分布Power of a test,检验效能Precision,精密度Predicted value,预测值Preliminary analysis,预备性分析Principal component analysis, 主成分分析Prior distribution, 先验分布Prior probability,先验概率Probabilistic mode

48、l,概率模型probability, 概率Probability density,概率密度Product moment, 乘积矩/协方差Pro,截面迹图Proportion, 比/构成比Proportion allocation in stratified random sampling,按比例分层随机抽样Proportionate, 成比例Proportionate sub-class numbers,成比例次级组含量Prospective study, 前瞻性调查Proximities, 亲近性Pseudo F test, 近似 F 检验Pseudo model, 近似模型Pseudosi

49、gma,伪标准差Purposive sampling, 有目的抽样QR decomposition, QR 分解Quadratic approximation,二次近似Qualitative classification, 属性分类Qualitative method,定性方法Quantile-quantile plot, 分位数-分位数图 /Q-Q 图Quantitative analysis, 定量分析Quartile, 四分位数Quick Cluster ，快速聚类Radix sort, 基数排序Random allocation,随机化分组Random blocks design,随机

50、区组设计Random event,随机事件Randomization,随机化Range,极差/全距Rank correlation,等级相关Rank sum test, 秩和检验Rank test, 秩检验Ranked data,等级资料Ratio, 比例Raw data,原始资料Raw residual,原始残差Rayleighs test, 雷氏检验Rayleighs Z, 雷氏 Z 值Reciprocal, 倒数Reciprocal transformation,倒数变换Recording,i 己录Redescending estimators,回降估计量Reducing dimensi

51、ons, 降维Re-expression, 重新表达Reference set, 标准组Region of acceptance, 接受域Regression coefficient,回归系数Regression sum of square,回归平方和Rejection point, 拒绝点Relative dispersion,相对离散度Relative number , 相对数Reliability,可靠性Reparametrization,重新设置参数Replication, 重复Report Summaries,报告摘要Residual sum of square,乘J余平方和Resi

52、stance,耐抗性Resistant line, 耐抗线Resistant technique,耐抗技术R-estimator of location,位置 R 估计量R-estimator of scale,尺度 R 估计量Retrospective study,回顾性调查Ridge trace, 岭迹Ridit analysis, Ridit 分析Rotation, 旋转Rounding, 舍入Row,行Row effects, 行效应Row factor ,行因素RXC table, RXC 表S-ZSample,样本Sample regression coefficient,样本回归

53、系数Sample size,样本量Sample standard deviation,样本标准差Sampling error ,抽样误差SAS(Statistical analysis system ), SAS统计软件包Scale,尺度/量表Scatter diagram, 散点图Schematic plot,示意图/简图Score test, 计分检验Screening, 筛检SEASON,季节分析Second derivative, 二阶导数Second principal component, 第二主成分SEM (Structural equation modeling),结构化方程模

54、型Semi-logarithmic graph, 半对数图Semi-logarithmic paper,半对数格 Z氏Sensitivity curve,敏感度曲线Sequential analysis,贯序分析Sequential data set,顺序数据集Sequential design, 贯序设计Sequential method, 贯序法Sequential test, 贯序检验法Serial tests,系列试验Short-cut method, 简捷法Sigmoid curve, S 形曲线Sign function,正负号函数Sign test,符号检验Signed rank

55、, 符号秩Significance test,显著性检验Significant figure,有效数字Simple cluster sampling,简单整群抽样Simple correlation,简单相关Simple random sampling, 简单随机抽样Simple regression,简单回归simple table, 简单表Sine estimator , 正弦估计量Single-valued estimate,单值估计Singular matrix, 奇异矩阵Skewed distribution,偏斜分布Skewness, 偏度Slash distribution,斜线

56、分布Slope, 斜率Smirnov test,斯米尔诺夫检验Source of variation,变异来源Spearman rank correlation,斯皮尔曼等级相关Specific factor ,特殊因子Specific factor variance, 特殊因子方差Spectra ,频谱Spherical distribution, 球型正态分布Spread, 展布SPSS(Statistical package for the social science), SPSS统计软件包Spurious correlation, 假性相关Square root transforma

57、tion, 平方根变换Stabilizing variance,稳定方差Standard deviation,标准差Standard error ,标准误Standard error of difference, 差别的标准误Standard error of estimate,标准估计误差Standard error of rate,率的标准误Standard normal distribution,标准正态分布Standardization, 标准化Starting value, 起始值Statistic, 统计量Statistical control,统计控制Statistical gr

58、aph, 统计图Statistical inference,统计推断Statistical table, 统计表Steepest descent,最速下降法Stem and leaf display, 茎叶图Step factor ,步长因子Stepwise regression,逐步回归Storage, 存Strata, 层(复数)Stratified sampling,分层抽样Stratified sampling,分层抽样Strength,强度Stringency, 严密性Structural relationship, 结构关系Studentized residual, 学生化残差/t

59、化残差Sub-class numbers,次级组含量Subdividing, 分割Sufficient statistic,充分统计量Sum of products, 积和Sum of squares,离差平方和Sum of squares about regression,回归平方和Sum of squares between groups,组间平方和Sum of squares of partial regression,偏回归平方和Sure event,必然事件Survey,调查Survival, 生存分析Suspended root gram, 悬吊根图Symmetry, 对称Syst

60、ematic error ,系统误差Systematic sampling, 系统抽样Tags, 标签Tail area,尾部面积Tail length,尾长Tail weight, 尾重Tangent line, 切线Target distribution, 目标分布Taylor series, 泰勒级数Tendency of dispersion,离散趋势Testing of hypotheses,假设检验Theoretical frequency,理论频数Time series,时间序列Tolerance interval,容忍 区 间Tolerance lower limit,容忍下限Tolera