新高考广东省2021届高三英语下学期4月冲刺联考试题（含解析）

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1、（新高考）广东省 2021 届高三英语下学期 4 月冲刺联考试题（含解析） 第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2. 5 分，满分 37. 5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Wildlife Crossing Bridges The Wildlife Bridge In 2018, Utah built a wildlife bridge over the busy highway 1-80. A 4.8-kilometer fence was created to help guide animals to the bridge. Normall

2、y, animals take a long time to discover and begin using wildlife bridges, so experts didnt expect the bridge to get much traffic for several years. But recently, theyve discovered many different kinds of animals are beginning to move by using the bridge. The Rope Bridge On Chinas Hainan Island in 20

3、15, scientists created a bridge for Hainan gibbons that are the worlds most endangered primates and normally cross the forest by swinging high in the trees. But after a 2014 typhoon, landslides caused huge gaps in the forest, which were forcing the gibbons to make dangerous jumps. Scientists created

4、 a simple and cheap rope bridge, which settled the problem. The Eco-Bridge In Uttarakhand state in India, the forest department has built a special eco-bridge , made from all-natural materials. Its 27.5 meters long and runs over one of the busiest highways in the area. Though the bridge is high in t

5、he trees, forest department workers hope the bridge will help smaller animals on the ground, too. Already, the bridge has gotten a lot of attention on the Internet, with many people taking photos in front of it every day. The Park Bridge The Phil Hardberger Park lies in San Antonio, Texas, and recen

6、tly it has opened what they say is the largest wildlife bridge in the US. This bridge, unlike the others mentioned here, was built for use by both animals and humans. The park says they have already seen deer using the bridge. 1. What has made experts feel unexpected about the Wildlife Bridge? A. It

7、s been completed within 2 years. B. Its being used by animals already. C. Its become an Internet-famous site. D. Its Americas biggest wildlife bridge. 2. Which bridges run over highways? A. The Wildlife Bridge and the Eco-Bridge. B. The Wildlife Bridge and the Rope Bridge. C. The Eco-Bridge and the

8、Park Bridge. D. The Rope Bridge and the Park Bridge. 3. What is the common purpose in building the four bridges? A. To attract more tourists. B. To reduce traffic accidents. C. To save endangered animals. D. To create wildlife passageways. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【分析】本文属于应用文。介绍了四座专门为动物搭建的桥的特点和用途。 【1

9、 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 The Wildlife Bridge 部分中“Normally, animals take a long time to discover and begin using wildlife bridges, so experts didnt expect the bridge to get much traffic for several years. But recently, theyve discovered many different kinds of animals are beginning to move by using the bridge.

10、(通常情况下，动物需要很长时间才能发现并开始使用野生动 物桥，所以专家们预计这座桥在几年内不会有太多交通流量。但最近，他们发现许多不同种类的动物开始 利用这座桥来移动)”可知，专家们对野生动物桥已经被动物使用感到意外。故选 B。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 The Wildlife Bridge 部分中“In 2018, Utah built a wildlife bridge over the busy highway 1-80.(2018 年，犹他州在繁忙的 1-80 号高速公路上修建了一座野生动物桥)”以及 The Eco-Bridge 部分中“Its 27.5 meters lo

11、ng and runs over one of the busiest highways in the area.(它长 27.5 米，横跨该地区最繁忙的高速公路之一)”可知，野生动物桥和生态桥横跨高速公路。故 选 A。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 The Wildlife Bridge 部分中“A 4.8-kilometer fence was created to help guide animals to the bridge.(一道 4.8 公里长的围栏被用来引导动物们到桥上)” ；The Rope Bridge 部分中 “But after a 2014 typhoon, la

12、ndslides caused huge gaps in the forest, which were forcing the gibbons to make dangerous jumps. Scientists created a simple and cheap rope bridge, which settled the problem.(但 2014 年的台风过后，山体滑坡在森林中造成巨大缺口，迫使长臂猿做出 危险的跳跃。科学家们发明了一种简单廉价的吊桥，解决了这个问题)” ；The Eco-Bridge 部分中“Though the bridge is high in the tr

13、ees, forest department workers hope the bridge will help smaller animals on the ground, too. (尽管这座桥位于高高的树上，森林部门的工作人员希望这座桥也能帮助 地面上的小动物)”以及 The Park Bridge 部分中“This bridge, unlike the others mentioned here, was built for use by both animals and humans. The park says they have already seen deer using t

14、he bridge.(这座桥不同于这里提到的其他桥，它既是供动物使用的，也是供人使用的。公园表示， 他们已经看到鹿在桥上行走)”可知，建造这四座桥的共同目的是创建野生动物通道。故选 D。 B Linda Tutt High School opened a unique grocery store in the city of Sanger, where instead of paying for products with cash, their community can earn points which they then trade in. How do they gain point

15、s? By performing good deeds! All students, staff members and families in the school district have access to the daily goods they need to get through COVID-19free of charge. The store is supplied through a partnership with First Refuge Ministries, Albertsons grocery store, and Texas Health Resources.

16、 It is open three days a week. They even offer a COVID-friendly curbside(路边) pickup on Tuesday nights! It is meant to provide necessary daily goods for families in need. Families are automatically awarded points based on their family size, but students can help the families earn more by helping out

17、around the school, cleaning, or getting good referrals(推荐) from their teachers. Headmaster Anthony Love called it “the ingenious method” , compared with the traditional approaches used to make students help others. The store is operated and managed entirely by the students. Not only are they encoura

18、ged to show others kindness, but they also have a sense of control during this uncertain time. “Many of them come from low-income families that need just a little extra support with food,” Anthony added. So the store has the extra profit of giving its student employees valuable experience. “I think

19、this is the most exciting part of it, which they can carry with them as they graduate from high school and move on into the world,” Anthony said. What a brilliant way to support their community! Between providing daily goods for families, giving kids experience concerned, and making their school a b

20、etter place through good deeds, traditional businesses could learn a thing or two from this approach! 4. What is special about the grocery store? A. Its owner is a local school. B. It is open three days a week. C. Students rent it free of charge. D Good deeds can be exchanged for its goods. 5. Why d

21、id Linda Tutt High School open the grocery store? A. To help people in need. B. To get some incomes. C. To keep people at home. D. To offer students paid jobs. 6 What does the underlined word ingenious” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Careful. B. Strict. C. Creative. D. Flexible. 7. What is the added benefi

22、t of the grocery store? A. It makes more families get goods. B. It provides students with job skills. C. It encourages students to graduate. D. It saves more traditional businesses. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。琳达塔特高中（Linda Tutt High School）在桑格市（Sanger）开了一家独 特的杂货店，学生、员工以及学校所在的社区不用现金购买商品，

23、他们可以通过做好事获得积分，然后用 积分进行交易。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“. where instead of paying for products with cash ,their community can earn points which they then trade in.”可知，该商店不用现金购买商品，而是靠做好事获取积 分，以便购买商品。这是它的特别之处。故选 D 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It is meant to provide necessary daily goods for families in need.” 可知，商店的目

24、的是为有需要的家庭提供必要的日常用品。故选 A 项。 【6 题详解】 词义猜测题。本句前面“Families are automatically awarded points based on their family size, but students can help the families earn more by helping out around the school, cleaning, or getting good referrals(推荐) from their teachers.”谈到：根据家庭规模，家庭会自动获得积分， 但学生可以通过做好人好事帮助这些家庭获得更多积

25、分，比如，在学校打扫卫生，或从老师那里得到好的 推荐等。再结合本句后部分的“compared with the traditional approaches .”，说明相对于传统的 方法，这些办法是有创意的。故划线词“ingenious”意为“有创意的”与 creative 同义。故选 C 项。 【7 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三、四段内容，特别是第四段中的“So the store has the extra profit of giving its student employees valuable experience.”可知，这种商店还有一个额外的好处，那就是 使它的学生“雇员”获

26、得宝贵的经验。故选 B 项。 C The German ship Polarstern is normally designed to break up heavy ice. But in September, 2019, the ship set sail from Norway with the goal of getting frozen into the Arctic ice cap for a year. The mission (任务) was part of a $155 million project known as MOSAiC, led by Germanys Alfre

27、d Wegener Institute ( AWI), whose goal is to learn more about the ice that forms near the North Pole. The ice cap here isnt completely solid, and its a collection of floes floating sheets of ice. As summer approaches, some of the ice melts and many floes break free. By October, 2019, the ship was fr

28、ozen into the Arctic ice north of Siberia. The mission wasnt without its challenges. First and most importantly, the Polarstern had to find an ice floe that is used as its primary research base. The ice floe must be solid enough to anchor the ship and to support all the research equipment the scient

29、ists needed to use. However, doing it proved easier said than done. Once the ship was frozen in place, the scientists had to wrestle with the dangerous polar bears that were wandering around. Dealing with extreme cold was another challenge. They also had to face the long and dark polar night, a peri

30、od during winter when the sun doesnt rise at all in the central Arctic. In September, 2021, the boat finally returned to Bremerhaven, Germany. We are watching the Arctic sea ice die, said the missions leader, Markus Rex. The team reports that the ice shelf is full of holes, and that the ice that rem

31、ains is thin and melting. Recent satellite measurements support that idea. The size of this years ice cap is the second smallest ever recorded. Next comes the long process of studying all the data that was collected during the last year. Thomas Krumpen, one of the scientists, said Well likely be bus

32、y with it over the next ten years. The scientists hope this abundant information will help them make better predictions about climate change. 8. What does MOSAiC try to do in the Arctic? A. Protect the ice cap. B. Stop the ice melting. C. Study the ice deeply. D. Break up heavy ice. 9. What was the

33、biggest challenge for the scientists on the Polarstern? A. Finding the right floe. B. Fighting the extreme cold. C. Avoiding polar bears. D. Reducing the loneliness. 10. What is the authors attitude towards the situations of the Arctic ice? A. Carefree. B. Positive. C. Tolerant. D. Objective. 11. Wh

34、ich of the following best describes the journey to the Arctic? A. Expensive. B. Confidential. C. Fruitful. D. Casual. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。德国“极地号”在北极冰帽中冷冻了一年后，于 2021 年 9 月终于回到了德国 的不来梅港。该船收集了大量有关北极冰的信息，科学家们希望这些信息能够帮助他们更好地预测气候变 化。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The mission (任务) was part of

35、a $155 million project known as MOSAiC, led by Germanys Alfred Wegener Institute ( AWI), whose goal is to learn more about the ice that forms near the North Pole. (该任务是一个名为“马赛克”的项目的一部分，该项目由 德国的阿尔弗雷德韦格纳研究所（AWI）领导，其目标是更多地了解北极附近形成的冰)”可知， “马赛 克”项目的目的是更多地了解北极附近形成的冰。故选 C。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“First and mos

36、t importantly, the Polarstern had to find an ice floe that is used as its primary research base. (首先也是最重要的是，极地号必须找到一块浮冰作为它 的主要研究基地)”和“However, doing it proved easier said than done.(然而，事实证明，说起来 容易做起来难)”可知，找到合适的浮冰对极地号上的科学家来说是最大的挑战。故选 A。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“We are watching the Arctic sea ice die, s

37、aid the missions leader, Markus Rex. The team reports that the ice shelf is full of holes, and that the ice that remains is thin and melting. Recent satellite measurements support that idea. The size of this years ice cap is the second smallest ever recorded. (“我们正在看着北极海冰消失， ” 该任务的负责人马库斯雷克斯说。研究小组报告说

38、，冰架上到处都是洞，剩下的冰很薄而且正在融化。 最近的卫星测量数据支持了这一观点。今年的冰帽是有记录以来第二小的)”可知，作者只是客观描述北 极海冰的现状，没有作评判。故选 D。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Next comes the long process of studying all the data that was collected during the last year. Thomas Krumpen, one of the scientists, said Well likely be busy with it over the next ten years

39、.(接下来是对去年收集到的所有数据进行研究的漫长过程。 其中一位科学家托马斯克伦彭说:“在未来的十年里，我们可能会忙于研究它。 ”)”和第五段“The scientists hope this abundant information will help them make better predictions about climate change.(科学家们希望这些丰富的信息能够帮助他们更好地预测气候变化)”可推知， “极地号” 此次北极之旅收获颇丰。故选 C。 D When a living thing gives off a glow, its called bioluminesce

40、nce. Fireflies are a well- known example of bioluminescence. Many mushrooms are also bio-luminescent. Fireflies and other bio-luminescent creatures light up thanks to chemicals inside their bodies. These chemicals are known as luciferins, which cause a chemical reaction that gives off light. Plants

41、dont naturally have luciferins, so there are no naturally bio-luminescent plants. In the past, scientists created glowing plants by adding DNA from glowing bacteria. But the glowing effect was weak. They also created glowing plants by adding luciferins to plants. In 2017, a team at MIT was able to c

42、ause watercress plants to glow for about four hours. Now, researchers at a Russian company called Planta, working with scientists from the United Kingdom and Austria, have come up with a new method of creating glowing plants which last as long as they are alive. The scientists focused on an acid tha

43、t is found in both plants and mushrooms. By adding certain parts of the DNA from glowing mushrooms to ordinary tobacco plants, the scientists are able to create plants that can make their own luciferins using this acid. The scientists report that the greenish light is about 10 times brighter than in

44、 earlier ones, which is strong enough to be easily recorded with an ordinary camera, but doesnt affect the health of the plants. Glowing plants reflect the way plants work. The scientists point out that the glowing isnt constant ,but seems to change, depending upon what is happening inside the plant

45、s. Younger parts of the plants glow more strongly than older parts. The flowers glow especially brightly. Theyve noticed moving patterns of light in the plants, which they think may show activity in plants that normally cant be seen. The glowing also helps uncover how plants may be affected by thing

46、s around them. For example, the plants glow much more strongly when a ripe banana skin is nearby. 12. What does the first paragraph focus on? A. What bioluminescence is. B. What luciferins are used for. C. Why chemical reaction exists. D. Why some living things glow. 13. How do tobacco plants produc

47、e luciferins? A. By glowing constantly. B. By using an input chemical. C. By making glowing bacteria. D. By absorbing natural light. 14. What does the author convey about glowing plants in the last paragraph? A. The activities of their light. B. Their value to the scientists. C. Their effects on oth

48、er plants. D. The spaces of their existence. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Scientists Create Glowing Plants B. Glowing Plants Attract Scientists C. Plants Glow Better and Better D. Making Plants Glow Is Necessary 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【分析】本文属于说明文。植物本身并没有荧光素，所以没有天然的发光植物。但科学家们

49、经过不断尝试， 创造出了能够发光的植物。文章介绍了这种植物的一些特性和发光植物对于科学家们的价值所在。 【12 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When a living thing gives off a glow, its called bioluminescence. Fireflies are a well- known example of bioluminescence. Many mushrooms are also bio- luminescent. Fireflies and other bio-luminescent creatures light up thanks t

50、o chemicals inside their bodies. These chemicals are known as luciferins, which cause a chemical reaction that gives off light. (当一个生物发出光时，它被称为生物发光。萤火虫是一个众所周知的 生物发光的例子。许多蘑菇也有生物发光。萤火虫和其他发光生物之所以发光是因为它们体内的化学物质。 这些化学物质被称为荧光素，它们会引起发光的化学反应)”可知，第一段的重点是为什么有些生物会发 光。故选 D。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“By adding certa

51、in parts of the DNA from glowing mushrooms to ordinary tobacco plants, the scientists are able to create plants that can make their own luciferins using this acid.(通过将发光蘑菇的特定 DNA 片段添加到普通烟草植物中，科学家们能够创 造出利用这种酸来制造自己的荧光素的植物)”可知，烟草植物利用一种加入化学物质产生荧光素。故选 B。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Glowing plants reflect the

52、way plants work.(发光植物反映了植物的 活动方式)”以及倒数第二句“The glowing also helps uncover how plants may be affected by things around them. (这种发光植物还有助于揭示植物是如何受到周围环境的影响的)”可推知，本段作 者在传达发光植物对于科学家们的价值所在。故选 B。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Now, researchers at a Russian company called Planta, working with scientists from the Unite

53、d Kingdom and Austria, have come up with a new method of creating glowing plants which last as long as they are alive.(现在，一家名为 Planta 的俄罗斯公司的研究 人员与来自英国和奥地利的科学家合作，提出了一种创造发光植物的新方法，这种植物可以一直存活下去) ”结合文章说明了植物本身并没有荧光素，所以没有天然的发光植物。但科学家们经过不断尝试，创造出 了能够发光的植物。文章介绍了这种植物的一些特性和发光植物对于科学家们的价值所在。可知，A 选项 “科学家创造出发光的植物”

54、最符合文章标题。故选 A。 第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Listening to music is relatively inexpensive and everyone can do it easily. As is known to all, music has many benefits. _16_ Meanwhile, you can also make use of it to create more joy in your life. Here are some

55、 ways. Let music say “Good morning to you. _17_ This music eases you into the day like a beautiful sunrise, and starts you out in a good mood. This is easy to program if you have a Smartphone that allows you to choose a song as your alarm. A positive morning music ceremony is a sure way to start you

56、r day off in a better mood. _18_ Sing aloud with music as often as you can. If you want to take the positive effects of listening to music to another level, try singing. Singing is one of the best ways to regulate breathing and promote relaxation. Sing in the shower; sing in the car. _19_ This is no

57、t about performing but about your relaxation. If you re going to sing, picking and singing the songs that you know will put you in a better mood, inspire you, or help you relax. _20_ If you have a daily exercise routine, try taking music along with you. A morning walk or run can become easier and mo

58、re enjoyable if you have music as your personal coach and companion. Again, it is important for you to choose music that works for you and that you know will have the effect you are trying to achieve. A. Try waking to a familiar piece of music. B. Make movements with music every day. C. Spending a f

59、ew minutes singing aloud is necessary. D. Dont worry if you think that you arent a good singer. E. Find some beautiful and inspiring music while you re working. F. You can use music in your daily routine to help reduce stress and anxiety. G. This can also prevent your mind dragging you back into the

60、 worries of yesterday. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。众所周知，音乐有很多好处，在日常生活中使用音乐可以帮助减少压力和焦虑， 文章主要介绍了一些音乐的好处以及如何利用音乐来为生活创造乐趣的方法。 【16 题详解】 根据上文“Listening to music is relatively inexpensive and everyone can do it easily. As is known to all, music has many benefits.(听音乐相对便宜，每个人都能轻松做到。众所

61、周知，音乐有 很多好处)”以及后文“Meanwhile, you can also make use of it to create more joy in your life. Here are some ways.(同时，你也可以利用它来为你的生活创造更多的乐趣。这里有一些方法)”可知， 上文提到音乐有很多好处，可推测本句承接上文进一步列举音乐的好处有哪些。故 F 选项“你可以在日常 生活中使用音乐来帮助减少压力和焦虑”符合语境，故选 F。 【17 题详解】 根据上文“Let music say “Good morning to you.(让音乐对你说“早上好”)”以及后文“This mu

62、sic eases you into the day like a beautiful sunrise, and starts you out in a good mood. This is easy to program if you have a Smartphone that allows you to choose a song as your alarm. A positive morning music ceremony is a sure way to start your day off in a better mood.(这首音乐让你进入一天的状态，就像美丽的日出，让你心情愉

63、悦。如果你的智能手机允许你选择一 首歌曲作为闹钟，那么这很容易设置。一个积极的早晨音乐仪式肯定会让你有一个更好的心情开始你的一 天)”可知，本段主要说明的是通过音乐来叫自己起床，故 A 选项“试着在熟悉的音乐中醒来”符合语境， 故选 A。 【18 题详解】 根据上文“A positive morning music ceremony is a sure way to start your day off in a better mood.(一个积极的早晨音乐仪式肯定会让你有一个更好的心情开始你的一天)”可知，上文提到了用音乐 开始一天的好处，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明这一方法的好处

64、。故 G 选项“这也可以防止 你的大脑把你拖回到昨天的烦恼中”符合语境，故选 G。 【19 题详解】 根据上文“Singing is one of the best ways to regulate breathing and promote relaxation. Sing in the shower; sing in the car.(唱歌是调节呼吸和促进放松的最佳方式之一。在淋浴时歌唱，在车里 唱歌)”以及后文“This is not about performing but about your relaxation. If you re going to sing, picking

65、and singing the songs that you know will put you in a better mood, inspire you, or help you relax.(这不是表演的问题，而是放松的问题。如果你要唱歌，挑一些你知道会让你心 情更好的歌曲，激励你，或帮助你放松)”可知，本段介绍的方法是唱歌来放松，且后文提到了不是表演 的问题，可推测唱歌好不好听并不需要担心，重要的是放松。故 D 选项“如果你认为你不是一个好歌 手，不要担心”符合语境，故选 D。 【20 题详解】 根据后文“If you have a daily exercise routine, tr

66、y taking music along with you. A morning walk or run can become easier and more enjoyable if you have music as your personal coach and companion. Again, it is important for you to choose music that works for you and that you know will have the effect you are trying to achieve.(如果你每天都有锻炼的习惯，试着把音 乐带在身边。如果你有音乐作为你的私人教练和伙伴，早晨散步或跑步会变得更容易和更愉快。再次强调， 选择适合你的音乐是很重要的，而且你知道它会产生你想要达到的效果)”可知，后文提到每天锻炼时听 音乐，即跟着音乐做运动。B 选项中 movements 对应后文中 have a daily exercise routine。故 B 选项 “每天跟着音乐做运动”符合语境，故选 B。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分