初中英语现在完成时

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1、三第 人称to He，She has been Beijing. They have given concerts all over the worldHe She hasnt been to Beijing. They havent given concerts all over the world.Has he/ she been to Beijing? given they Have concerts all over the world?Yes. he/she has. No, he/she hasnt. Yes. they have. No. they havent.注：规则动词的过

2、去分词的构成与过去是相同，不规则动词的过去分词见附表。现在完成时讲解与练习等、如果你想说“我已经看过某部电影，所以不想看了”“某人曾经做过什么事情”等，该如果表达呢？首先请看下面的句子：1()1 have seen the film. I dont want to see it again这部电影我已经看过，不想再看了)2Have you answered all the questions?所有的问题你都回答了吗？(练.把下而变否定句、, 般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。Have you ever looked at a travel brochure? 3 ) (1.1 have done m

3、y homework.你看过旅游宣传册吗？否定句：She has never visited the USA. (4) ,般疑问句： 她从没有过去美国。回答：.观察：以上句子的谓语动词的个共同特点是2. The plane has arrived.用于衣示在以前的某个时间曾经做过的、发生的事情，这种行为对目前有某种影否定句：。“响我们把这种时态称为现在完成时,股疑问句：现在完成时的概念.一、回答：说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的现在完成时通常衣示在三、现在完成时用法归纳。结果或影响是该动作或状态对现在的1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作现已完成，对现在造成的影响和结果0 (此种

4、她买了 辆车0 She has bought a car用法谓语动词用短暂性动词)她到 r o She has arrived. 如：The plane has arrived.表示从过去某时间开始,直持续到现在的动作或状态.常用的时间状语和副词：(我们从小就认识。)Weve known each other smce we were children.已经用于肯定句中,通常放 在与过去分词之间already (have/ has )I have been a member of the Party for 10 years. 如： I have already done my homewor

5、k.二、构成： have, has十”助动同过去分词比 仍然,已经用于否定句和疑问句的句末。yet () 为例)现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式(以work：如：Has she finished cooking yet?他做完饭了吗？人称I肯定否定疑问回答（第一人称I have seen the UFO. We have travelled around the world.the seen I havent UFO. travelled We havent around the world.seen Have you the UFO? you Have travelled aroun

6、d the world?No,Yes, I have./ I harent.have./ weYes, No, we havent.第二人称been have You to England.to beenhaventYou England.you been to Have England?Yes, haveweNo, I havent.练：I have already done my homework.（变为否定句） ever（曾经），句中，多用于疑问句 如： Have you ever been to Shangliai?never （从不）,本身否定before （以前），句尾，独立用ju

7、st （刚刚），用于肯定句中，常用在助动词和过去分同之间。我刚刚听到消息o I have just heard the news.如:join- be in可能延续到将来的动作和状态。begm-start- be on （电影开始）2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，buy-have go- be there 。如：常与 表示过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语连用die- be dead finish- be over for two hoursfor 十 段时间：a.borrow- keepjoin - be in since 1999, since last year since

8、+时间点：b.open- be open come back- be back c.,段时间+ ago =fbr + 段时间 since 十since two days ago= （2）时间状语的变化：把式时间的状语“for” 变为“数词+时间名词十ago”的短语形式。）up to now, till now, so加（到目前为止（即：将时 间状语改为过去时间，并用,股过去时代替现在完成时）d in the past two years, in the last few days e.如：他离开济南三年了。He has left Jinan for three years.（）recently

9、, lately（最近 f.He has been away from Jinan for tliree years, math for five years. Miss Zhao 如： has taughtHe left JTnan three years ago. in the shop since 1990.His mother has workedin London since three years ago.have HvedThe Greens例如：1） They borrowed it last week. They it since.这四种结构中，谓语动词必须为延续性动词。：其

10、中在a,b,c.d注2） I bought a pentwo hours ago. I a pen for. 如：I have had this book for one anda half years.（这本书我已买了 年半了！）5. have been to/ have gone to/ have been in 三种结构的区别和 sincefor 填空 用 buy不能用 2.nvo years ago1.two years （1） have been to 曾经去过某地（现已离开），可以与 ever, never、once, twice 等连 4.19993.last month 用。5

11、.yesterday 6.4 oclock (2) has gone to 去某地 f,现在还未回来。 此句型i股用于第三人称。8.an hour ago7 4 hours(3) have been in衣示已在某地呆了多久，若该地为小地方则用 ato 句末常有 11.she left here 9.we were children 10.lunch time for + ,段时间或since十时间点12. He has lived in Nanjingthe year before last.翻译：13. Tve known him we were children,你以前去过北京吗？14.

12、 Ow teacher has studied Japanese three years. 吉姆已经去 伦敦。15. She has been away from the city about ten years.格林家在中国已经两年 f o6.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：短哲性动词怎样和表示一段时间的状语连用。4.（1）英语中的短暂性动词，也叫做终止性动同、瞬间动词或非延续性动词，只表示侧重点不同： 现在完成时是与现在有关的时态，属现在时态范畴，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。而般过去时是种过去时态，侧重于表示过去。不能与表示延续的时间状语连用时的动作，常见 的短暂性动词有：go, c

13、ome, leave,的动作，与现在无关。如： 等。find, buy, arrive, give, stopjoin, marry, die, begin, start, borrow, close, open, lend）eg. I have bought tliis book for three months. （X Yesterday I xrent to the zoo.（仅说明昨天去 了动物 同，与现在无关）Li Lei has read the book.（说明李磊了解那本书的内容非延续性动词与段时间连用时可采用下 列三种方法：）（2）连用的时间状语不同：）将非延续性动词转化为延

14、续性动词。1 （一般过去时常与ago, yesterday, last，in 2000. just nowclose- be closed leave- be away from o far, in the last/ past*, before, ever,already, yet, still, just, s而现在完成时与等连用。.never. since-, for等时间状语连用。【能力提升】I.用所给动词的适当形式填空。现在完成时不可与yesterday, last week, two days ago等过去时 间状语连用。注 1 Have you ever（take） a trai

15、n?现在完成时练习2 Shes(live) here ever since she was ten.3 Have you(make)friends with your new classmates yet?【基础巩固】4 I(liave) mylunch and Pm not hungry now. ,、用所给动词的适当形式填空 5 Jim has never seen a panda, he?1.1 already(see) the film. I(see) it last week. 6 We(be) goodfriends since we met at school.2.he(fini

16、sh) his work today? Not yet.7 We cant find liim anywhere. Perhaps(也许)he(go) home. 3. My father just(come) back from work. He is tired now. 8 He(read) the book before.4. Wheres Li Ming ? He(go) to the teacher office.9 Mr. Green(teach) us a lot about social studies since September. 5.1(work) here sinc

17、e I(move) here in 1999. 10 I never(meet) her sister before. 6. So for I(make) quitea few friends here.n.用 for 或 since 填空。7. How long the Wangs(stay) here ? For twoweeks. 1. Jill has been iiiBeijing Monday. 8.1 just(finish)my homework. 2. Jill has been in Beijing tliree days. 9. He(go) to schoolon fo

18、ot every day. 3. My aunt has lived in Australia 15 days. 10.you(find) your science book yet? 4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there7 oclock. 11. If it(be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 5. India has been an independent country 1974. 12. The students(read) English when die teacher came in.

19、 6. The bus is late. WeVe been waiting 20 minutes. 13. Look! The monkey(clmib) the tree. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years. 14. My mother(come) to see me next Sunday.用括号中动词的适与形式填空： m.15. .Ive lost my pen.you(see) it anywhere? 1.he(wait)for an hour yet? 二、句型转换 2. I(not

20、finish) the work yet. )改为否定句 LI have been to Macau before. (3. you( know) him since then? been to Macau before.I 4. hear) from my father recently. )就划线部分提问 2. He hasnt come to school because hes ill. (5. We(be) there manytimes during the past three years. he come to school?6. How long you(stay) at h

21、ome?)就划线部分提问 3. He has learned English for 5 years. (7. She(not read) the bookbefore. learned English?8. I just(do) it. )4.1 bought a new bike just now. (just Jlj 改写 9. My sister(walk) to school every day lastyear. a new bike.I just 10. Her mother(go) to Shanghai. She(leave) thismorning. )5. We bega

22、n to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句 选择填空 IV. three years.English伙 She to Shanghai.Where is Miss Gao?、1)( The old man for a year. ComesD. has been C has gone A. came B 7. Lucy moved to France two years ago.(同义句 转换) )2.John to the space museum tliree.(two years Lucy moved to France.A.have been,

23、time B. have been, timesD. has been, timesC. lias been , time 8. The teachers bought the Englsih books two days ago.(改为现在完成时)The teachers the English books two days.? ) (3、Have you met Mr Li. a moment agoD A. Just B. ago C .beforeHer grandfather for two years. () 4、D. has been diedA. died B. has die

24、d C. has been deadIts six weeks I met you last time. ) 5 (D. forB. since C. before A. whenZhao Lan already ill this school for two years .6 )、(.are ; studying D . was ; studying B. wll; study C . has : studiedA 、WeXiao Li since she was a little girl.( )7. knew.liave known C D A. know B. had knownHar

25、ry Potter is a very nice film . I it twice .)8、(.seeD B. have seen C. sawA. will see-These farmers have been to the United States . -Really ? When there ? ( )9、 D. havethey gone C. did they go B . do they go A. axiII they goYes, twice.)10 -you ever to the US? (D. were, goingC, Do、go A. Have, gone B.

26、 Have, been句型转换 V)、IThey have bought a computer.(改成否定句 They bought acomputer.)改成股疑问句2. He has lost his book.(,作肯定与否定回答Yes, he. No, he. he his book?对划线部分提问) 3. Miss Gao has been for two years ( Miss Gao been a teacher?)4. They have been here since 2000.(对划线部分提问 they been here?)5. His father has been to America twice.(对划线部分提问 has hisfather been to America? )同义句转换(6. The old man died last year.