中国文化英语教程ppt课件

Unit 12Music:Govern the Country,Nourish the Mindp Lead-inp Text studyp ExercisesContentLead-inListen to two audio clips and see whether you can tell the name of the pieces music.Three Stanzas of Plum Blossoms 梅花三弄Lofty Mountains and Flowing Water 高山流水p Introductionp Governance Trough Musicp Consoling the Mind with MusicText studyIntroduction The tradition of Chinese music dates back to remote antiquity.Governing the country and nourishing the mind through music are two of the main functions of this tradition.Governance Trough MusicAccording to ancient Chinese culture:Rituals provided the norms of conduct for people.The goal to maintain social order.Music was for the minds cultivation and expression.Its purpose was to enhance peoples outlook on life and imbue(灌输)them with energy and creativity,such that they could enjoy a more harmonious and happier spiritual life.Governance Trough Musicp Chime bells(编钟)p Function of music in ancient China p Marquis Yi chime bellsGovernance Trough MusicGovernance Trough Music Chime bells were a typical musical instrument in the early times of ancient China.Chime bells were first used in the Shang Dynasty,and became quite popular during the Western Zhou Dynasty.Chime bells(编钟)Governance Trough Music 曾侯乙墓出土编钟曾侯乙墓出土编钟The fine set of chime bells was unearthed in Hubei Province in 1978,from the tomb of Marquis Yi,a local lord in a small state called Zeng during the Warring States Period.Marquis Yi chime bellsGovernance Trough MusicThe Marquis Yi chime bells consist of 65 bells arranged in three rows.The first row includes 19 niu bells(钮钟).The second and third rows include 45 yong bells(甬钟).There is a separate and much larger bell used to adjust pitch.Governance Trough Music The bells in each row differ from one another in shape and size,emanating(发出)different tones.Governance Trough Music The frame is made of bronze,weighing as much as five tons or more.The total weight of the bells is more than 440 kilograms.The bells bear inscriptions totaling more than 2,800 Chinese characters relating to music and the making of the instrument.The frame is carved with exquisite patterns in relief(浮雕)and fretwork(回纹细工).Governance Trough MusicInstruments of such a scale and such fine craftsmanship were quite rare in the world at the time.Governance Trough Music Five musicians were needed to play the instrument.Each bell produces two tones when struck at the respective sound points as marked.The entire set of chime bells is able to produce all the tones of a modern piano.Governance Trough Music Music is a means to promote personal cultivation and social harmony in ancient Chinese society.“Music brings harmony is an important concept that has influenced Chinese culture for several thousand years.Function of music in ancient China It stresses harmony as the cultures core value.The tradition guiding rituals and music is that of a harmonious world order.Governance Trough MusicConsoling the Mind with Music One cannot discuss Chinese music without mentioning a seven-stringed musical instrument,the Chinese zither(琴).It represented the zenith(顶峰)of cultivated learning in ancient times,followed by go(围棋),calligraphy and painting.Consoling the Mind with Music The Chinese zither was more of an individual instrument for solace(安慰)and personal appreciation.大圣遗音伏羲式琴大圣遗音伏羲式琴 唐唐Chinese zither(front and back),said to have been handed down from the Tang DynastyConsoling the Mind with MusicAs the most ancient instrument in China,the zither has long been a favorite of the literati(文人学士)Ancient Chinese literati considered the zither a prerequisite for their cultivation.Its beautiful melodies helped to maintain peace and balance of the mind.Consoling the Mind with MusicAmbiance(氛围、环境)was an important aspect in playing the Chinese zither.By a stream of the mountains;In snow;On moonlit nights,etc.The Chinese zither tends to create a tranquil air.Consoling the Mind with Music元元 朱德润朱德润 松下吟琴图松下吟琴图Playing the Chinese Zither Under Pine Trees,by Zhu Derun(12941365).Yuan Dynasty.The painting evokes a harmonious outlook,as aspired to by Chineseliterati,in which the musician is at one withNature.Consoling the Mind with Music明明 戴进戴进 踏雪寻梅图踏雪寻梅图Looking for Plum Blossoms in Snow,by Dai Jin,Ming Dynasty.A man with a walking stick is crossing a snow-covered bridge.A page(侍童)follows him,holding a zither in his arms.This painting represented a dreamland for ancient Chinese artists and scholars.Consoling the Mind with Music In a Bamboo Forest Sitting alone in a deep bamboo forest,I play my zither and whistle along.No one else around,I have the moon for company.Wang WeiConsoling the Mind with Music The zither was also instrumental in communication between ancient scholars and artists.Three Stanzas of Plum Blossoms 梅花三弄 Lofty Mountains and Flowing Water 高山流水Exercisesp Comprehensionp Communicationp ApplicationComprehensionI.Skimming and Scanning Go through the passage quickly and judge whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F)according to the passage.TT_ 1)According to ancient Chinese people,music could not only cultivate peoples mind,but also help govern the country._ 2)Chime bells were one type of the sophisticated Chinese instruments from early times.Comprehension_ 4)The inscriptions on the chime bells are mainly about how to use the instrument.F_ 3)Each of the Marquis Yi chime bells is different in order to produce different tones._ 5)Xunzi is quoted to illustrate the grandeur and precision of the chime bells.FFComprehension_6)The zither is the earliest musical instrument in China._7)Ancient Chinese artists liked playing zither in snow because cold weather could stimulate their inspiration._8)Moonlit night is also a perfect ambiance for playing the zither.TFTComprehension_ 9)The Chinese zither creates an aura of peace._ 10)The story of Wang Ziyou and Huan Yi is used to show that music can serve as a bridge between different people and can facilitate their communication.TTComprehensionII.Careful Reading1.Read the passage carefully and fill in the following blanks with the missing information.1)People can enjoy a more harmonious and happier spiritual life through music because it can help _ and _.2)Ancient Chinese people believed that music eventually can lead to harmony between _ and _.maintain social ordernaturepeoplecultivate the mindComprehension3)The history of chime bells dates back to _.4)The pitch of chime bells is adjusted by _.about 3,600 years agoa separate and much larger bell5)The striking feature of the chime bells is its _ and _.large scale fine craftsmanshipComprehension8)The word“ambiance”in Paragraph 10 refers to _.7)Rituals and music are similar in that both of them _.bring harmonysurroundings6)The chime bells can produce as many tones as _.a modern pianoComprehension10)The third part of the composition Wild Geese Landing on the Shallow Shore depicts the scene of _ _.wild geese leisurely landing on the shallow shoresof the Yangtze,as a gentle breeze makes the water ripple9)Looking for Plum Blossoms in Snow by Dai Jin revealed the desire of Chinese artists for _.a dreamlandComprehension2.Match the following Chinese instruments with the English explanations.a琵琶琵琶 b笛子笛子 c古筝古筝 d箫箫 e阮咸阮咸 f 木鱼木鱼 g扬琴扬琴 h.笙笙_1)zither-like 21-stringed or 25-stringed plucked(弹拨的)musical instrument_2)Chinese string musical instrument with a fretted fingerboard(指板)plucked with a plectrum(拨)or fingers_3)four-/three-stringed plucked musical instrumentcaeComprehensiona琵琶琵琶 b笛子笛子 c古筝古筝 d箫箫 e阮咸阮咸 f 木鱼木鱼 g扬琴扬琴 h.笙笙_ 4)a musical instrument with up t0 100 strings,played with light hammers_ 5)a musical instrument like a thin pipe,which you play by holding it across your lips,blowing over a hole,and pressing down buttons with your fingers_ 6)a vertical bamboo flutebdgComprehensiona琵琶琵琶 b笛子笛子 c古筝古筝 d箫箫 e阮咸阮咸 f 木鱼木鱼 g扬琴扬琴 h.笙笙_ 7)a percussion instrument made of a hollow wooden block,originally used by Buddhist monks to beat rhythm when chanting scriptures_ 8)a reed pipe wind instrumenthfCommunicationRead the following quotations and answer the questions below.If I were not a physicist,I would probably be a musician.I often think in music.I live my daydreams in music.I see my life in terms of music.l got most joy in life out of music.Albert EinsteinCommunicationThere are two means of refuge from the miseries of life:music and cats.Albert SchweitzerWhen I hear music I fear no danger.I am invulnerable.I see no foe.I am related to the earliest times,and to the latest.Henry David ThoreauCommunicationQuestions:1.According to Einstein,Schweitzer and Thoreau,what are the functions of music?2.Inspired by the quotations,what do you want to say about music?Application Different types of music attract different people.For example,some young people like rock music,but their parents are worried that rock music may have bad influence on their kids.What is your opinion about this?