高中英语选修7unit1Grammar不定式

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1、2021/6/31 结构结构:to do (否定否定)not to do 2021/6/32动词不定式的作用动词不定式的作用 Functions of Infinitive 1 主语主语 (subject)2 表语表语 (predicative)3 宾语宾语 (object)4 宾补宾补 (object complement)5 定语定语 (attribute)6 状语状语 (adverbial)7.独立结构独立结构(absolute construction)2021/6/33三三.用法用法/功能功能To see is to believe.Its important to learn En

2、glish well.(1).主语主语句型转换句型转换To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time.It takes a lot of time to look after my pets properly.My job to help the patient.Your task to clean the classroom.(2).表语表语2021/6/34I want to go home.I found it necessary to talk to him again.(3)宾语宾语think/consider/find it +

3、adj.+to do 常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：hope,refuse,learn,set outchoose,decide,agree,manage,pretend,plan.2021/6/35The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.(4).宾补宾补warn/tell/allow/help/ask/force等等+sb.to do sth.2021/6/36e.g.I made him do his work.He was made to do

4、 his work(by me).注意注意1 help 后面的后面的“to”可省去可省去e.g.They often help the grandma(to)carry water.2 see,hear,watch,feel,notice等等感官动词感官动词 和和let,make,have等等使役动词使役动词后面，后面，不定式作宾语时要省不定式作宾语时要省“to”（注：被动语态不省（注：被动语态不省to）2021/6/371.They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree.The boy was seen to fall suddenly from t

5、he tree.Exercise：将下列句子改成被动语态：将下列句子改成被动语态 Mother made John wash the car for a week.John was made to wash the car for a week.2021/6/383 不定式用在介词不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词如果这些介词前有行为动词do的的各种形式各种形式(do/did/does),那么介词后的不定式那么介词后的不定式不带不带to,相反则带相反则带to.(1).She could do nothing but cry.(2).I have

6、 no choice but to go.(3).What do you like to do besides sleep.2021/6/39I have something to say.He has a lot of homework to do.注意：如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词注意：如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词则不定式中要有介词.He is looking for a room to live in.There is nothing to worry about.Eg：请给我一支写字的笔：请给我一支写字的笔.Please give me a pen to wri

7、te with.2021/6/3101.不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词 之后之后 (1)She was very busy and had no time to visit her friends.(2)Ladies and gentlemen,I have something important to tell you.2.当名词被当名词被the first,the last,the only 等词以及等词以及 形容词最高级修饰时形容词最高级修饰时 eg:She is always the first to come and the last t

8、o leave.(5).定定语语2021/6/3114.如果不定式是不及物动词如果不定式是不及物动词,则后面需适当的介词则后面需适当的介词 Please pass me some paper to write_.She has a nice pen to write _.He bought a flat for the family to live _.onwithin3.也可用在也可用在have to do和和there be句型中。句型中。There is no one to take care of her.I have no jewelry to wear.2021/6/3123.3.

9、结果状语结果状语:We hurried to the station only to find the train had left.only to doonly to be done表示意外的结果表示意外的结果1.We hurried to the station only to find the train had left.2.We hurried to the station only to be told the train had left.2021/6/313I came here to see you.He got up early to catch the train.(6)

10、状语状语（表示目的或结果）（表示目的或结果）in order to,so as to,enough to,too.to.,only to,（表达意想不到的结果）（表达意想不到的结果）Eg:We hurried to the station only to find the train had left.2021/6/314(7).独立结构独立结构to be frank,to be honest,To tell the truth,I dont agree with you.类似的结构类似的结构2021/6/315(8)不定式与疑问词不定式与疑问词who,which,when,how,what等

11、连用，在句中起名词作等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。He didnt know what to say.How to solve the problem is very important.My question is when to start.(宾语宾语)(主语主语)(表语表语)Why not do?2021/6/316固定词组和句型固定词组和句型1.prefer doing to doing 2.prefer to do rather than do 3.would rather do4.advise/allow/permit/forbi

12、d sb.to do (advise/allow/permit/forbid doing)2021/6/3171.It is good to help others.2.It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings.3.My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up.Identify its function.Identify its fun

13、ction.(subject)(subject)(predicative)想一想想一想2021/6/3184.I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.5.He is always the first to come and the last to leave.6.A big company has decided to buy it from me.7.My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am.(attribute)(attribute)(object)

14、(object)2021/6/3198.I have had to work hard to live a normal life.9.Some days I am too tired to get out of bed.10.We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people.(adverbial)(adverbial)(object complement)2021/6/3202021/6/321 My teacher was made _ his teaching because

15、of poor health.giving up B.to give up C.give up D.given up2.The sentence wants _ once more.explained B.to explain C.being explained D.explaining3.The Arctic is considered _ the northern part of the Atlantic.having been B.to have beenC.to be D.beingwant/need/require 用用doing的形式表示被动的形式表示被动 want doing=w

16、ant to be done 这句句子需要再被翻译一次这句句子需要再被翻译一次 2021/6/322?4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay.to have woven B.to be wovenC.to be weaving D.to weave?5.I found the German language hard _.learned B.learning C.to be learned D.to learn?6.The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I fo

17、rgot _.turning it off B.turn it offC.to turn it off D.having turned it off2021/6/323几对易混淆的词组：几对易混淆的词组：stop to do sth.stop to do sth.停止去做某事停止去做某事 doing sth.doing sth.停止正在做停止正在做forget to do sth.forget to do sth.忘记去做忘记去做 doing sth.doing sth.忘记已做了忘记已做了remember to do sth.remember to do sth.记得去做记得去做 doing

18、 sth.doing sth.记得曾经做记得曾经做2021/6/3247.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?-The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.to solving,making B.to solving,madeC.to solve,making D.to solve,made8.-What do you think of the school?-It is a very good

19、_.school to study in B.school for children to studyC.studying school D.school to study2021/6/325?9.-Did you get a job?-No,I _,but its no use.expected B.tried to C.managed to D.planned?10.We find it impossible for the work _ ahead of time.to finish B.finishing C.being finished D.to be finished?11.-I

20、usually go to Shanghai by train.-Why not _ there by boat for a change?to try to go B.try going C.to try going D.try to go 2021/6/32612._ a living,she had to work from morning till night.To make B.MadeC.Making D.To have made?13.I would rather starve to death than _ for food.beg B.begging C.begged D.t

21、o beg?14.The boy pretended _ when his mother entered.reading B.to read C.to be reading D.being read2021/6/327动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式的时态和语态形形 式式 主主 动动 被被 动动一般式一般式完成式完成式进行式进行式to doto have doneto be doingto be doneto have been done2021/6/328(1)They pretended not to see us.(2)He pretended to be working hardwhe

22、n his boss passed him.(3)He is happy to have passed the test.(同时或不定式动作后发生。同时或不定式动作后发生。)(同时发生，且不定式动作正在进行同时发生，且不定式动作正在进行)(不定式动作先发生不定式动作先发生)2021/6/329hoped,promised,wanted,wished,expected,planned+to have done表示过去没有实现的期待或者计划表示过去没有实现的期待或者计划He wanted to have met you at the airport,but he didnt get there i

23、n time.I intended to have resigned from the company.2021/6/3302021/6/3311.Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying?2.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult.not make B.not

24、 to make C.not making D.dont make3.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects?2021/6/3324.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.see5.It

25、is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.it what to do with B.what to do with it C.what to do it with D.to do what with it6.The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.A.who B.when C.how D.why 2021/6/3337.Paul doesnt have to be ma

26、de _.He always works hard.A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning?8.We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet.A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met?9.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to2021/6/33410

27、.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating11.I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone12.Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first comp

28、uter.A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented2021/6/33513.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking14._ late in the afternoon,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having sleep15.The teacher asked us _ s

29、o much noise.A.dont make B.not make C.not making D.not to make2021/6/3361爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。_ are both great happiness.2中国人民决不会征服。中国人民决不会征服。The Chinese people refuse _3据说他已经完成了他的工作。据说他已经完成了他的工作。He is said _.4 根据报道他们已安全到达。根据报道他们已安全到达。They are reported _To love and to be lovedto give in/be conque

30、redto have finished/completed his workto have arrived safely2021/6/3375 我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。I want this bike _.6 玛利仿佛已经告诉这件事了。玛利仿佛已经告诉这件事了。Mary seemed _.7众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。He is known _ a gold medal at the Olympic.to be repaired at once/immediatelyto have been told about

31、itto have been given2021/6/338 He was overheard to say that he hoped John would resign.Peter was made to wait outside.He was heard to unlock the door and go out.The man was seen to shoot the woman on the street.The old lady was noticed to wipe her face with a handkerchief.2021/6/339 I forgot to ask

32、you to go to the community service center.It is very important to turn off the electricity before you check the machine.I dont know where to find such a kind of button.Luckily,we dont have much more work to do.Helen is very pleased to have travelled in more than 20 provinces and cities in China.She

33、has been very successful in her work,and now her greatest wish is to get married and have a child.2021/6/340 started pushing/to push promised to go advise you to eat began shouting/to shout avoid falling forget to call felt like throwing let them stay a.to tell b.spending a.putting b.to check a.talking b.to make c.to drink a.to get b.thinking2021/6/341演示结束！演示结束！欢迎提出宝贵意见！欢迎提出宝贵意见！部分资料从网络收集整理而来，供大家参考，感谢您的关注！