初中介词用法总结

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1、in功能含义理解核心典型例句i表不 时间在某段时 间朝代、古今、世纪、年代、年、季、月、星期、早、下午、晚上、过去、将来等不具体的、模糊的 大于1天的时间段。（注意和at在这方面的区别：at指的是短于1天的时间 点）in Tang dynasty;in the 19thcentury; in 1980;in this year; in spring;in a week; in a month;in the morning在某个地国家、地区、省、市、区、太空、天空等-（自然意义in china; in huabei;方上的地方）in Beijing; in the sky2表不位置在某个场所车、

2、教室、超市等（注意和at在这方面的区别，at 一般用在：家、角、店、站、口等可能有和露天接触的地方 ）in the train;in the classroom;甲处于乙中除实物里面外，注意“光、灯、影、树荫、雨、森林”， 有全身置入某种环境之中的含义在内。We are in the classroom;They are sitting in the shade of a tree;They are studying in the brightlight.3表不 将来在,一以后用在一般将来时中，是从“现在时间点往后.”They will come back in 10days语言、I wrot

3、e a novel in Russian ；The length4单/关于“材料“，注意和 with在这个用法上的区别。is measured inmeter, and位、（with偏向工具，in偏向材料）centimetre ；This board was cast ingold.材料状5态方 面/状态：既可以指人的状态，也可指物的状态；方面：既可指具体，也可指抽象方面；服饰：尤以颜色和状态常考He wasn t in good health,so talk in low voice.Our country in rich innatural resources;A good teacher

4、must be an example in studyHeis in red/J IX.饰shoes todayin all 总计;in general 一般来说；in time 及时；in advance 事前;in the meantime 与此同时;in place适当地；in the hope of 怀着希望;in connection with和有关;in contact with和联初中系;in addition to除以夕卜;in case of 倘右，万;in conflict with和冲关 ;in force 有效阶段介的，大批;in depth 彻底地；in regard

5、 to 关于;in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近;in retrospect 回应掌握的词顾，一想起;in behalf of 代表利益;in the long run从长远说来 ;in ones opinion 在看来;inIn的短word 口头上；in a word 总之;in vain 无益地， 白白地；incase如果，万一，以防;in detail 详细地;in常见短语haste 急急忙忙地;in conclusion 总之；in spite of 尽管；in other words换句tB说；in return 作为语回才艮;in the nameof 以名义

6、；be confident in 对有信心 ;be interested in 对感兴趣 ；indoubt 怀疑;in love 恋爱中;in debt 负债;in hesitation犹豫不决;in wonder在惊奇中;in public（secret） 公开他（秘密地）;in a good mood（情绪）好；in danger, in debt（负债），in a hurry ； in stock（有库存）；inpeace（平安）（at peace和平），believe in 信任;break in break in闯入，插嘴，打断;bring in引起；产生；带来；come in 进来

7、；流行；call in下令收回；take in 吸收、卷起；订阅，上当，受骗；turn in 上缴，归还；fill in 填夕J ）引五充；get in 收获；succeed in 成功；check in 到达登记，cut in 插嘴，插入；count in 包括；drawin时间接近；drop in顺路手!访；givein投降、屈服；go in for参加；爱好，追求；hand in交上，上缴；pour in 源源而来。on功能含义理解核心典型例句1表不时间在某天或一天 内的某个时间 段在星期几、具体的某一天or某日的早、中、 晚（时间前有定语修饰）On Sunday（Mon.Tue ）;o

8、n May 12th 1998;on the night of Oct.29th;onWed.morning;on acold night;on children day（核心提示： 所有的节日都是用on）2表示位置（具体）在上面与物体表面相接触（注意与aboveover的 区别）Thereare a lot of books on theshelf;On the face; on the head;on thefloorfootballfieldplaygroudroadroofOn the farm onthe market（ 常考）（抽象）在上面收音机、电视、电话、网络、手机、问题、 纸

9、张（所有有形的，无形的“新闻媒体上”都是用on）On TV; on radio; surf on the internet;on the phone；You are wrong on all these issues在（边）上左、右、两边On the left; on the right; on both sides;thereis a hotel on the lake3表示状态处于一状态人或者物的目前状态；On duty; on show; on fire; on strike; on sale;on business;on schedule; on time;onthe country

10、； on scale4表不关系关于一文章 or论著（高中阶段掌握）On指专门论述（注意和 about相区别）Iwant a book on SouthAfrica.He wrote an article on theimportance of birth control靠相当于depend on的含义The people in the south liveonrice;You cant afford the expensivering on an income of 1000 yuan a month; on foot5特定时间一就（高中阶段掌握）相当于as soon as+主语的含义On e

11、ntering the room, hefound his friendsdancing ；初中阶段应掌握In的常见短语介词短语On the spot 当场；立即；on the run 在逃跑中；On the air 在广播中；on fire 着火；on time 准时；on duty 值日；on strike 罢工； on sale 上市；on the country 相反地；on schedule 按时间表，准时 ；on business 公事； on display 在展出； on the one hand 方面； on the other hand 另一方面； on one s way

12、 to 在一路上；on one s own=by oneself;on top of;andso on等等；on purpose故意，专门特别注意：乘坐交通工具都用by,但ononhorse 骑马；on donkey 骑驴foot 步行；Bring on 引起，导致；call on号召，拜访；decide on 决定;depend on 依靠，取决于；get on 上车；相处； 进展 ;go on 继续；get on with 进展，相处； look on旁观，观望；动词短语look on as 把看/当作;100k down on 看不起， 轻视； pass on 传递， 传交；下去；put

13、 on 表演，上演；戴/穿上；假装；take on呈现，具有；流行；承担，hand on传递雇用； turnon打开（灯，气，水,电器等）；work on继续工作，钻研（学问或技术）；续开展，坚持；holdon继续；（电话）不挂断；抓牢，坚持;try on 试穿。carry on 继at功能含义理解核心典型例句i表不时间在时刻岁 时In是时间段，at是时间点，相对更 精确Atnoon;at night;at midnight;at dawn;at lunch;atbreakfast;at supper;atdinner;at the moment;atthe same time;at once

14、;at the beginning of;at the end of;at the age of; at daybreak； atsunrise;atsunset; at 7 o clockat (on) the weekend 常考2表示地点在位置或 场所家、脚、角、店、站、口、底、中心、 核心at the foot of;at the corner of ; at the crossroads;at the gate of;athe bottom of; atthe top of;atthe center of; at a distance;at the edge of ;at home;

15、at thebarbar s;at the airport;at thestation; at 405Victory Road 速度以一速度The car ran at 120miles an hour; At full speed3表小度温度在度Waterusually boils at 100 ; at10 degreescentigrade价格按价格The pen was sold at a good price; at low cost4表示方向朝.，向.表示动作的方向Aim at 向. 瞄准；shout at 向. 大喊；throw at 向. 扔；smile at 向. 微笑；ru

16、shat 向.冲去;fire at向.开火5表示原因由于（高中阶 段掌握一般用在系表结构中，对形容词的原 因进行说明Iwas surprised at the news;He wasdiscouraged at his failure6表示能力擅长于-固定考点： be good at;be bad at;anexpert atHe is good at drawing（at后接名词或动名词）初中阶段应掌握at的常见短语介词短语atfirst 首先， 开始时；at last;at most;at least至少； at all events无论如何； athome在家，无拘束；at a loss

17、 不知怎办；at any rate 不管怎样；at length 详细地；be at high tide处于高潮期；at our invitation应我们的邀请；at our request应我们的请求；at the news听至 U这消息； at the risk of冒危险； at a great expense以巨大费用；at intervalsof 每隔； at the sight of 见至U at the point of 接近，靠近； at the thoughtof 想至U; at the speed of 以速度； at the cost （price） of 以为代价；

18、at leisure闲着、失业；at stake 在危险中、在成败关头；at bottom 实际上、本质上；at short notice得至U通知 ；at seeing us看至U我们； at the present stage在现阶段； at the weekend 周末；at all times永远；动词短语call at访问（某地）；come at袭击，攻击；get at意指， 敲打（门窗），敲击；100k at 看；work at 从事，致力于 怒目而视； glance at 匆匆一瞥；point at 指向本意是；理解；到达, 钻研;laugh at;knockat嘲笑；glare

19、 atabout含义理解核心典型例句i关于、有关Thisis a book about how to study english2大约,一，近于,一表示时间或数量Iwill be with you in about3minutes;Thereare about 30students inthe classroom.3到处，在一周围，附近相当于 here and thereHe walked about the street.4Whatabout？（习惯用语）About为介词，所以后接动词ing形式What about taking a break?动词短语go about 着手，四处走走;se

20、t about 着手， 开始 ；worry about 为一担心;come about 发生;care about 关心、 在意 ;bring about引起，带来，导致;knock about漫游；100kabout四处看看，四处环顾；set about doing 着手做，开始；turn about向后转；think about 考虑（是否去做）； argue about 争论；know about 了解;hear about 听说;ask about 询问;chat about 闲聊;quarrel about 争吵;speak /talk about谈论;complain about

21、才艮怨above含义理解核心典型例句1高于，在之上表示位置、地位、年龄、 价格、量（重、数、度）、 音调等The mountain is 2000meters above the sea level（位置）;Iknow youreabove me socially, but I must say you are rude man（职位）The old lady isabove eighty （年龄）;Thereare above forty girl students in the class （数量）;Our private car weighs 1.8tons（重量）；Any money

22、earned overthat level is taxed（度量）2非一能力所及，超出能力、行为、品质等The maths problem is above me;Honest above everything else;He is abovedoing such things（他不至于做出那样的事情来）介词短语Above all 首先，最重要的是，最要紧的是；He was above all a good andtireless writer; above all,we must be healthacross含义理解核心典型例句i横过、穿过表示动作的方向He swam across th

23、e river;The policeman helped the old manwalk across the street.2在对面，在那一边表示位置上的对应关系，在 隔着的对面He lives across the street;Japanlies across the pacificocean常见短语Come across偶遇；get across 横穿马路；能理解，被听懂； run across 偶遇，横跨；against含义理解核心典型例句1撞到、紧靠表示动作的方向，有靠、撞 击的意思Ihave hit my head against a wall;She stood with he

24、r back against the tree;The rain beat against the windows2反、逆、违背反对（赞成的反义）逆方向；违背（意愿等）Are you for or against the plan?Therewere 20 votes for her and 12 against her;He is swimming against this current.She did it against her own will3以防（大学阶段掌握此用法）They saved money against old age.4表示陪衬（高中阶段掌握此用法）The red

25、flag is fluttering against the blue sky;Hisredclothes stook out clearly against the snow.常见短语Goagainst 违反、违背、反对；stand against 反对，不支持；turn against （转而）反对，背叛；run against 违反， 偶然遇至1J; fight against 与斗争；over against 正对着， 在对面（fe: he livedover against the school）among含义理解核心典型例句1在之中； 在.中间表具体：三者或者三者以上之中Ifoun

26、d him among the crowdPleasedivide the cakeamong you four表抽象Mostimportant among the country s problems is the lackof health facilities.2之一相当于one of的功能Einsteinis among the greatest scientists备注-among与between的区别：三者与两者之间的区别。但在下列情况，between可用于三者：（1）当两个以上的人或物用and连接时：between A, B and C 在A、B、C之间；（2）涉及事物之间的区别

27、或各国之间的关系时： the difference between the three of them 他们三者之间的区另U the relations between various countries 各国之间的关系；（3） 表示“由于一合作的结果”时： Between them they landed the fish.他们协力把鱼拖上了岸。（4）在divide, share等表示分享之类的动词之后，若接一个表示三者或三者以上的复数名词时，用 among between 均可：He divided his money among between his five sons.他把钱分给了

28、5个儿子。as含义理解核心典型例句1作为，当作注意和as for 的区别（as for 为至于，关于）Dori ttreat me as a child;Ispeak now as a friend,not as ateacher.As for me, I don t mind going there by train;2当时候，在一同时The play started as I got there;As I was a child,I liked singingvery much3正如，就像as当“连词”时的用法As you can see,we are still working.因为，由

29、于We have a very wonderful TV, but wehardlywatch itas we haveso much houseworkto do.注1.As - .as 像.一样 (fe: the little girl over there looks asbeautiful as mydaughter ) ;2.as long as 只要(fe: As long as you can keep awayfrom them, youresafe)3.as a matter of fact adv.事实上(fe: Im leaving for Beijingtomorrow

30、, as a matter offact. )4.as a whole adv. 总体上(fe: Wemust consider these mattersas a whole)5.asfar as adv. 远到， 直到， 至于(6.As if 好象似的 仿佛一样7.as well as adv.也，又8.as well 也(fe: Water is colourless, air as well )9.not so much.as.与其说.不如说是.(fe: He isnot so much a writer as a reporter)10.such as 像， 例如；譬如；诸如(fe:

31、 Many basic foodstuffs, such asbread and milk, are tax-free)11.look on .as 把.看作.before含义理解核心典型例句1在以前；在前面；在之前表小时间表示位置表不顺序We have to finish the work before 10 o clock.He madea speechbefore a lot of audienceHe arrived before me.2以前，以往（此时Before做副词）She had never been to Italy before3在,一以前（此时before做连词）Iwa

32、nt to think it over before I decide aboutit常用短语1.before long 不久；(fe: I hope to see you againbeforelong )2.long before 很久以前(fe: Weve seen that film long before)behind含义理解核心典型例句1比-晚；迟 于表不时间Yourideas are behind the times;He arrived ten minutesbehind time.2在一后面表示位置He hide himself behind the tree.Thereis

33、 someone behindyou.3落后于，低于， 不如表抽象：表示力量、能力等Iam far behind you in EnglishJohn sbehind the restof the class in reading.4支持；作为 的后盾此时相当于support的作用He had his mother behind him.常用短语l.behindschedule 不准时2.behindthe times 过时的3.behindthe curtain 在幕后 4.farbehind在后面很远，把一远远的甩在身后5.leftbehind遗留，留下（被动语句中更常用）below含义理

34、解核心典型例句1在一以下具体：表示位置（below含某个水平线或水平面以下的意思，而 under是某 个物体以下）Dori twrite your answer below this line;Fishwere swimming below the surface of the water.2低于，在. 以下表示年龄He can t be below fifty.3表示能力、级别、价值、程度、数量等He is below me in the class;Hisincome is below theaverage income in the area；Duringthenight,tempera

35、tures dropped below zero.beside含义理解核心典型例句1除.以外（还 有）注意和except的区 另（except 用 来引出陈述中唯一 不适用的事物、情 形、人或想法，是从 整体中除去；而 besides只是特别强 调而已）BesidesEnglish ,we have to study math,Chinese and soon.Besidescancer, smoking can lead other diseasesShe is a nicegirl except a bit ugly.Therewasnt anything in the box excep

36、t a few dirtyclothes2另外，再说（此时当副词）Idont like that new dictionary, besides, its too expensivebetween含义理解核心典型例句1在之间（两具体：表示时间、位置、数量The lunch hour is between 11 and13pm; Shanxi province isbetween henanand gansuThe temperature is between25 degree and 30 all week2者）（常和and常用）抽象：表示比较、分配、关系、性质等Whaf s the diff

37、erencde between womenand man? They shared the chocolate betweenthe two of them;The relations betweenteachers andstudents are excellentMy job is between asecretary anda personal assistant.beyond含义理解核心典型例句1在的那边；在-以外；表示具体位置：在某物体的范 围之外The airport is 20miles beyond thetown;What lies beyondthe mountains?2

38、超出，高于表示抽象的范围、限度等This book is beyond me;Heis living beyond his income;Thebeauty of West Lake ia beyond words;The watch is damagedbeyond repair3过了，比.晚，迟于表不时间He came home beyond the usualtime;but含义理解核心典型例句1除了 .；除了 .之外She has no choice but to cry.2常用短语Not only - but also 不但而且He not only studies hard but

39、 alsoworks well ；Not only didhe make a promise,but also he kept it（倒装）by含义理解核心典型例句1在.旁边，身边表示位置，相当于 beside的 意思只是by可以用于引申含义He stood by the window and lookout over the fields;Ihaven t got any money by me.2到-时候（为止，以前）表示时间（跟时间点）He is sure to come by 3 0 clock.The homework need to be readybynext Friday.3按

40、,一；以,一表示标准，度量，数量In America many workers were paidby theweek;Dori tjudge a man by his clothes/looks;Thecotton crop has increased by25% this year4乘、靠、用、以、通过、 被表示方法、方式、手段等（海、陆、空、车、偶、by land （air, sea, water, bus）陆路（航空，水陆，水路，乘公共汽车）；by chance 偶然by accident 偶然，无意中The law被）of relativity wasformulated by Ei

41、nstein.I will contactyou by letter/phone5相差表示程度（高级用法，大学阶段掌握）He missed the train by fiveminutes;He is taller than hisfather by 2centimeters动词短语1.call by 顺道访问；e by从一旁走过；3.go up by 上升到了4.go by（从 旁）走过/经过；依照，遵循；顺便走访；5.pass by经过6.stand by 支持（某人）；袖手旁观；7.介词短语By and by 不久以后；By mistake 由于差错导致；Day by day 一天天地By oneself 独自地；By the way 顺便问一句Little by little逐渐地，一点点地；One by one 一个个地；Side by side 肩并肩；Hand by hand 手拉手Learn by heart t已住