考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷48（附带答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷（附带答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题British food has a good reputation, but English cooking has a bad one. It is difficult to explain the reason for this. Unfortunately, however, superb raw ingredients are often mined from the kitchen so that they come to th

2、e table without any of the natural flavor and goodness.This bad reputation discourages a lot of people from eating in an English restaurant. If they do go to one, they are usually full of prejudice against the food. It is a pity, because there are excellent cooks in England, excellent restaurants, a

3、nd excellent home-cooking. How, then, has the bad reputation been built up?Perhaps one reason is that Britains Industrial Revolution occurred very early, in the middle of the nineteenth century. As a result; the quality of food changed too. This was because Britain stopped being a largely agricultur

4、al country. The population of the towns increased enormously between 1840 and 1870, and people could no longer grow their own food, or buy it flesh from a farm. Huge quantities of food had to be taken to the towns, and a lot of it lost its freshness on the way.This lack of freshness was disguised by

5、 “dressing up” the food. The rich middle classes ate 16ng elaborate meals which were cooked for them by French chefs. French became, and has remained, the official language of the dining room. Out-of-season delicacies were served in spite of their expense, for there were a large number of extremely

6、wealthy people who wanted to establish themselves socially. The “look” of the food was more important than its taste.In the 1930s, the supply of servant began to decrease. People still tried to produce complicated dishes, however, but they economized on the preparation time. The Second World War mad

7、e things even worse by making raw ingredients extremely scarce. As a result, there were many women who never had the opportunity to choose a piece of meat from a well-stocked butchers shop, but were content and grateful to accept anything that was offered to them.Food rationing continued in Britain

8、until the early 1950s. It was only after this had stopped, and butter, eggs and cream became more plentiful, and it was possible to travel abroad again and taste other ways of preparing food, that the English difference to eating became replaced by a new enthusiasm for it.1.According to the author,

9、it is difficult to explain（ ） .2.The negative effect of Britains Industrial Revolution on English cooking is that（ ） .3.As a result of the Industrial Revolution,（ ） .4.The Second World War worsened the problem because（ ） .5.A new enthusiasm for eating emerged in Britain（ ） .问题1选项A.why excellent ingr

10、edients are spoiled in the process of cookingB.why people do not like English cookingC.why British food often has a natural flavorD.why people prefer home-cooking to ready made food问题2选项A.the population in the countryside decreased dramaticallyB.people no longer grew their own food on their own farm

11、sC.the freshness of food was lost on the way to the citiesD.Britain was no longer an agricultural country问题3选项A.more attention was given to the look of the foodB.French became the official language in English restaurantsC.a large number of extremely wealthy people ate in French restaurantsD.out-of-s

12、eason delicacies became very expensive问题4选项A.there was an increasing demand for servantsB.there was a lack of raw ingredient supplyC.many women refused to choose meat from butchers shopsD.French chefs dominated English restaurants问题5选项A.when many women finally had the opportunity to purchase flesh m

13、eat from a well-stocked butchers shopB.when butter, eggs and cream became availableC.when people started traveling to other citiesD.after the early 1950s【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.根据第一段的一二句“British food has a good reputation, but English cooking has a bad one. It is difficult to explain the

14、reason for this.”可知，很难解释的是为什么人们不喜欢英国的烹饪。选项B符合原文。2.根据关键词“Industrial Revolution”定位到第三段，根据本段内容可知，英国工业革命对英国烹饪产生的一个负面影响是“Huge quantities of food had to be taken to the towns, and a lot of it lost its freshness on the way.”大量的食物被运到城镇，食物在运输的过程中不再新鲜。选项C符合原文。3.根据第四段最后一句“The “look” of the food was more import

15、ant than its taste.”工业革命使得人们更注重食物的外观而不是口感。选项A符合原文。4.根据关键词“The Second World War ”定位到倒数第二段第三句“The Second World War made things even worse by making raw ingredients extremely scarce.”二战使得原材料极度匮乏，情况更加糟糕。选项B符合原文。5.根据最后一段的内容可知，在1950年以后，英国出现了一种新的饮食热潮。选项D正确。2.单选题A good way to （ ）a language is to live in the

16、 native culture with the native speakers.问题1选项A.requireB.inquireC.acquireD.enquire【答案】C【解析】近义词辨析。根据句意可知，这里指学会一门语言。acquire指获得某物或习得某一技能，所以选项C正确。3.单选题In general, the（ ）amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total for living expenses.问题1选项A.acceptableB.advisableC.ava

17、ilableD.applicable【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，学生在住房上的开支应控制在生活费总额的五分之一以内。根据句意可知，这里指可用的费用，选项B更符合句意。4.写作题Write an essay in no less than 200 words with the title “The Rise of Intellectual Property Protection”.【答案】The Rise of Intellectual Property Protection5.单选题According to the latest report, consumer conf

18、idence（ ） a breathtaking 15 points last month, to its lowest level in ten years.问题1选项A.soaredB.mutatedC.plummetedD.fluctuated【答案】C【解析】soared飙升；mutated突变，变异；plummeted骤然下跌；fluctuated波动。根据下句“lowest level in ten years”可推测，这里指下跌，所以选项C符合语境。6.单选题（ ） the heavy pollution, the city officials have decided to c

19、ancel school for the day.问题1选项A.PriorB.By means ofC.Due toD.Through【答案】C【解析】prior在前的，优先的；by means of依靠；due to由于；through从头到尾，彻底。句意：由于污染严重，市政官员已决定停课一天。选项C符合句意。7.单选题Remember to ask for a （ ）of quality for these goods; otherwise they will not offer any maintenance.问题1选项A.warrantyB.promiseC.certificateD.

20、receipt【答案】A【解析】上下文语义。句意：记得要为这些货物要求质量保证；否则他们不会提供任何维修。选项A符合语境。8.单选题The novel contains some marvelously revealing （ ） of rural life in the 19th century.问题1选项A.glancesB.glimpsesC.glaresD.gleams【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析。glance扫视，强调动作的快速性；glimpse一瞥，粗略地一看，强调快速但不完整的“一瞥”；glare怒视，强调目不转睛地“注视”；gleam闪光，瞬息的一现，还可指情感流露。根据句意

21、可知，选项B更符合语境。9.单选题The（ ） of the spring water attracts a lot of visitors from all over the country.问题1选项A.clashB.clarifyC.clarityD.clatter【答案】C【解析】clash冲突；clarify澄清，阐明；clarity清澈，透明；clatter哗啦声，嘈杂声。句意：清澈的泉水吸引了许多来自全国各地的游客。选项C符合句意。10.单选题Melissa is a computer （ ）that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world.问题1选项A.geniusB.virusC.diseaseD.bacteria【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析和上下文语义。根据下句“destroyed files in computers”可推测Melissa是一种计算机病毒，选项B符合语境。