2022年考博英语-华东政法大学考前模拟强化练习题39（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-华东政法大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题He _ a few more boards from the cabinet to make the inside more spacious.问题1选项A.separatedB.dividedC.detachedD.parted【答案】C【解析】考查近义词辨析。A选项separated“（使）分离，分开（指把两个人或物分开，着重从原属一个整体中移居一部分或把两者隔开）；隔开；分手；（使）分居；（使）区别（于）”；B选项divided“（使）分开；分成（指把一个整体按要求分成几个部分，暗示分配之意；也可指分开两个对立

2、的事物）；分配；分担；分隔；（道路）分叉；使产生分歧；（数）除，除以”；C选项detached“拆卸；挣脱；派遣；可方便地取下；执行单独任务”；D选项parted“离开；分别（多指使紧密相连的人或物分开，往往暗示最后分离的意味）；分开；隔离；分散；解散；裂开；断裂；（头发）梳成分头”。句意：他从柜子上_几块木板，使里面更宽敞。本句表达“从柜子上拆卸木板”，因此C选项正确。2. 单选题VIII. International LawBefore the first substantive meeting, the Panel received an unsolicited amicus curia

3、e brief from Humane Society International and American Universitys Washington College of Law, accompanied by a letter dated 6 May 2010.At the first substantive meeting, the United States requested the Panel to review and consider the submission in its deliberations, in light of the relevant and usef

4、ul information it contained which it believed could assist the Panel in understanding the issues in this dispute. In addition, in its responses to the Panels questions, the United States referred to some of the information contained in the amicus curiae brief in support of its arguments. Mexico did

5、not comment on the filing of the amicus curiae brief or on its content at the first substantive meeting.The Panel subsequently invited both parties to comment on certain information presented as an exhibit to the amicus curiae brief. In its response, Mexico observed that factual information submitte

6、d through an amicus curiae brief could not be properly treated as part of the record of this dispute. The United States responded that, although a panel is not required to consider information submitted by amici, it may consider such information as it sees fit. In particular, the United States noted

7、 that the Chairman of the Panel had invited the parties and third parties in this dispute to offer views in relation to the amicus curiae brief filed.The Panel informed the parties prior to the first meeting that: “Taking into account the determinations of the Appellate Body in US-Shrimp (WT/DS58/AB

8、/R), the Panel considers that it has the discretionary authority either to accept and consider or to reject information and advice submitted to it, and it will accordingly treat this brief as it deems appropriate.”The Panel therefore considers that it has the authority to consider the information co

9、ntained in the amicus curiae brief, and has done so to the extent that it deemed it relevant to the examination of the claim before it. Where the Panel considered the information presented in and the evidence attached to the amicus curiae brief relevant, it has sought the views of the parties in acc

10、ordance with the requirements of due process. In addition, to the extent that one of the parties has cited the amicus curiae brief or cross-referenced to the exhibits presented with such brief in its reasoning or responses to questions, these elements form part of the submissions of that party in th

11、ese proceedings and the Panel deems appropriate refer to such information in its findings.79. In the 1st sentence of the 2nd paragraph, there are 3 “it (its)” (underlined), these words, according to the context, represent the following in order respectively.80. Which of the following statement is NO

12、T true?81. It can be inferred from the 4th paragraph that _.82. The Panel would deal with the amicus curiae brief in the following way except _.问题1选项A.the Panel, the brief, the United StatesB.the United States, the brief, the United StatesC.the Panel, the United States, the briefD.none of the above问

13、题2选项A.The US welcomed the amicus curiae brief and thought it was helpful to the Panel.B.Mexico also welcomed the amicus curiae brief but thought factual information in the brief could not be treated as part of the record of the dispute.C.The panel invited the third parties to submit their opinion in

14、 relation to the amicus curiae brief filed.D.The Panel informed the parties its attitude towards amicus curiae brief prior to the first meeting.问题3选项A.the Panel considered that it had the discretionary authority to accept amicus curiae briefB.the Panel considered that it had the discretionary author

15、ity to reject amicus curiae briefC.the Panel considered the Appellate Bodys opinion regarding amicus curiae brief in US- Shrimp caseD.the Panel would treat the brief as it deemed appropriate问题4选项A.when the Panel deemed it relevant to the examination of the claim before it, the Panel would consider t

16、he information contained in the briefB.the Panel would seek the views of the parties regarding the information presented in and the evidence attached to the amicus curiae briefC.if one party cited the amicus curiae brief in its reasoning, these elements would form part of the submissions of that par

17、tyD.the Panel thought it was inappropriate to refer to such information in its findings【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D【解析】79. 【试题答案】A【试题解析】词义推测题。根据题干定位到第二段第一句At the first substantive meeting, the United States requested the Panel to review and consider the submission in its deliberations, in light of the r

18、elevant and useful information it contained which it believed could assist the Panel in understanding the issues in this dispute.（在第一次实质性会议上，美国要求小组审查和审议其审议意见中提交的材料，因为它载有有关和有用的资料，它认为这些资料可以帮助小组了解这一争端中的问题）可知第一个its指代的是the Panel“小组”，第二个it指代的是information“材料”，这里information的出处是第一段所提到的Before the first substa

19、ntive meeting, the Panel received an unsolicited amicus curiae brief from Humane Society International and American Universitys Washington College of Law, accompanied by a letter dated 6 May 2010.（在第一次实质性会议之前，专家组收到了国际人道协会和美国大学华盛顿法学院主动提交的法庭之友简报，并附有2010年5月6日的一封信），可以推断出本处的information实际上就是第一段所说的brief，第三

20、个it指代的是the United States“美国”，选A选项“小组、摘要、美国”；B选项“美国，摘要，美国”，C选项“小组，美国，摘要”以及D选项“以上都不是”不符合原文，排除。因此A选项符合题意。80. 【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文第二段最后一句Mexico did not comment on the filing of the amicus curiae brief or on its content at the first substantive meeting.（墨西哥没有就法庭之友摘要的提交或其在第一次实质性会议上的内容发表评论）以及第三段第二句

21、In its response, Mexico observed that factual information submitted through an amicus curiae brief could not be properly treated as part of the record of this dispute.（墨西哥在答复中指出，通过法庭之友简报提交的事实资料不能作为这一争端记录的一部分加以适当处理）能够推断出墨西哥认为案情摘要中的事实资料不能作为争端记录的一部分，但是无法推断出墨西哥也欢迎法庭之友的案情摘要，选B选项“墨西哥也欢迎法庭之友的案情摘要，但认为案情摘要中的

22、事实资料不能作为争端记录的一部分”；第二段倒数第二句In addition, in its responses to the Panels questions, the United States referred to some of the information contained in the amicus curiae brief in support of its arguments.（此外，在答复小组的问题时，美国提到法庭之友摘要中所载的一些资料，以支持其论点）和第三段第三句The United States responded that, although a panel is

23、 not required to consider information submitted by amici, it may consider such information as it sees fit.（美国答复说，虽然不要求一个小组审议友盟提交的资料，但它可以审议它认为合适的资料）可知美国支持法庭之友且认为这对小组有帮助，A选项“美国欢迎法庭之友的陈述，认为这对小组有帮助”符合原文，排除；第三段最后一句In particular, the United States noted that the Chairman of the Panel had invited the parti

24、es and third parties in this dispute to offer views in relation to the amicus curiae brief filed.（美国特别注意到，专家小组主席已邀请争端各方和第三方就已提交的法庭之友摘要提出意见）可知C选项“专家组邀请第三方就已提交的法庭之友摘要提交他们的意见”符合原文，排除；第四段The Panel informed the parties prior to the first meeting that: “the Panel considers that it has the discretionary au

25、thority either to accept and consider or to reject information and advice submitted to it”（专家组在第一次会议之前通知当事各方：“专家组认为，它有权酌情接受和考虑或拒绝提交给它的信息和意见”）可知D选项“小组在第一次会议之前告知各方其对法庭之友简报的态度”符合原文，排除。因此B选项符合题意。81. 【试题答案】D【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文第四段The Panel informed the parties prior to the first meeting that: “Taking in

26、to account the determinations of the Appellate Body in US-Shrimp (WT/DS58/AB/R), the Panel considers that it has the discretionary authority either to accept and consider or to reject information and advice submitted to it, and it will accordingly treat this brief as it deems appropriate.”（小组在第一次会议前

27、通知当事各方：“考虑到上诉机构对US-Shrimp案的裁决，专家组认为它有权接受和考虑或拒绝提交给它的信息和建议，因此，它将以它认为适当的方式对待这份摘要。”）可推断出小组将会以合适的方式考虑和处理案件摘要，选D选项“小组将酌情处理案情摘要”；A选项“小组认为它有接受法庭之友摘要的酌处权”，B选项“小组认为它有拒绝法庭之友摘要的酌处权”以及C选项“专家组考虑了上诉机构对US-Shrimp案法庭之友摘要的意见”都是第四段的片面内容，排除。因此D选项符合题意。82. 【试题答案】D【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干可以定位到原文最后一段最后一句In addition, to the extent t

28、hat one of the parties has cited the amicus curiae brief or cross-referenced to the exhibits presented with such brief in its reasoning or responses to questions, these elements form part of the submissions of that party in these proceedings and the Panel deems appropriate refer to such information

29、in its findings.（此外，如果一方援引法庭之友在其推理或答复问题时所提交的展品的简要说明或交叉引用，这些要素构成该缔约方在这些诉讼中提交的材料的一部分，小组认为适当时在其调查结果中提及这些资料）可知小组认为在适当的时候可以提及这些资料，D选项“小组认为在其调查结果中提及这类资料是不适当的”和原文相反，符合题意，同时可知C选项“如果一方当事人在其推理中援引法庭之友的案情摘要，这些要素将构成该方陈述书的一部分”符合原文，不符合题意，排除；最后一段第一句The Panel therefore considers that it has the authority to consider

30、 the information contained in the amicus curiae brief, and has done so to the extent that it deemed it relevant to the examination of the claim before it.（因此，小组认为它有权审议法庭之友摘要中所载的资料，并已在它认为与审查其面前的索赔有关的范围内这样做了）可知A选项“当专员小组认为该资料与审查其面前的申索有关时，专员小组将考虑摘要所载的资料”符合原文，不符合题意，排除；最后一段第二句Where the Panel considered th

31、e information presented in and the evidence attached to the amicus curiae brief relevant, it has sought the views of the parties in accordance with the requirements of due process.（在专家组认为法庭之友案情摘要中提供的资料和附在其上的证据相关的情况下，它已按照正当程序的要求征求各方的意见）可知B选项“小组将就法庭之友摘要中所提供的资料和所附的证据征求当事各方的意见”符合原文，不符合题意，排除。因此D选项符合题意。3.

32、 单选题Because of the _ of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at home and abroad.问题1选项A.originalityB.subjectivityC.generalityD.ambiguity【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项originality“创意；独创性，创造力；原始；新奇”；B选项subjectivity“主观性，主观”；C选项generality“概论；普遍性；大部分”；D选项ambiguity“含糊；不明确；暧昧；模棱两可的话”。句意：由于其思想的_，这本书在国内外广泛流传。

33、本句表达“思想的独特性”，因此A选项正确。4. 单选题I regret _ so much time and money on stamps.问题1选项A.to wasteB.for wastingC.having wastedD.at wasting【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。waste表示“浪费，滥用；消耗；使荒芜”，regret doing“对做过的事表示遗憾、后悔”。句意：我_在邮票上浪费了那么多时间和金钱。本句表达“后悔已经在邮票上浪费那么多钱和时间”，因此C选项正确。5. 单选题. (Jurisprudence)Greenberg pronounces my use of th

34、e phrase “theory of adjudication” “unusual”, and I am afraid I can only return the compliment, with one qualification: “theory of adjudication” has no standard usage at all, so writing as though there is a usual meaning is, itself, “unusual”. I was quite clear, as Greenbergs discussion reveals, abou

35、t what I meant by it, and so the real question is whether anyone is committed to a Foundationalist Story about the theory of adjudication. Greenberg, however, makes the surprising claim that no one is so committed. Recognizing that Dworkin is one possible target of the Realist critique as I reconstr

36、uct it, Greenberg claims that “the right-answer thesis is not central to Dworkins project.” The right-answer thesis the idea that every case has a right answer as a matter of law would be an example of a Foundationalist Story about adjudication, and so the Realist critique would then have a potent,

37、living target. When Greenberg claims the Foundationalist aspect of Dworkins theory isnt central he is not making a claim about the amount of effort Dworkin devotes to defending the right-answer thesis, which is obviously substantial. Greenbergs real claim is that the Dworkin of Laws Empire is not ne

38、cessarily committed to the right-answer thesis. I rather agree with Greenberg that Dworkin “is most concerned to establish.that law depends in a particular way on morality” and that “the right-answer thesis.is a downstream consequence of his overall theory of law in conjunction with his view about m

39、orality”. So far, this is just a complicated admission that Dworkin accepts a Foundationalist Story about adjudication; the best Greenberg can do is to assert “that most of Dworkins arguments could succeed consistent with the falsity of the right-answer thesis.” Greenberg does not show that this is

40、Dworkins view, and it is certainly not Dworkins view in his early work, since the “retroactivity” objection to legal positivism turns, quite clearly, on the truth of the right-answer thesis. Greenberg may be correct that one could have a view about the nature of morality different than Dworkins and

41、give up the right-answer thesis: John Mackie would be a case in point, though not the one Greenberg has in mind, and not one Dworkin would be happy with. But none of this changes the fact that the actual Ronald Dworkin holds a theory of adjudication involving the Foundationalist Story because he hol

42、ds a particular view about law and morality.71. Greenberg pronounces the use of the phrase “theory of adjudication” “unusual”. The author rebut the comment _.72. The essence of the right-answer thesis is that _.73. From the underlined sentence, one can know that _.74. Reading the whole paragraph, wh

43、ich of the following statements is wrong?问题1选项A.cynicallyB.by fighting backC.with disagreementD.with agreement问题2选项A.no one is committed to a Foundationalist Story about the theory of adjudicationB.it is not central to Dworkins projectC.it is a potent, living target of the Realist critiqueD.every ca

44、se has a right answer as a matter of law问题3选项A.Greenburg did not think of John MackieB.John Mackie gave up the right-answer thesisC.Dworkin was not happy with John MackieD.John Mackie decided a case, which reflects Greenburgs theory问题4选项A.The author is basically a foundationalist scholar.B.The autho

45、r is arguing with Mr. Greenburg.C.The author does not agree with Dworking theory.D.Greenburg may be correct in one aspect.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:A【解析】71. 【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文开头Greenberg pronounces my use of the phrase “theory of adjudication” “unusual”, and I am afraid I can only return the

46、compliment, with one qualification: “theory of adjudication” has no standard usage at all, so writing as though there is a usual meaning is, itself, “unusual”.（格林伯格宣布我使用的短语“审判理论”是“不寻常的”，恐怕我只能用一个限定词来回敬：“审判理论”根本没有标准用法，因此，似乎有通常意义的写作本身就是“不寻常的”）可知作者是通过提出自己的观点来反驳格林伯格的观点，选B选项“通过反击”；A选项“冷笑”，C选项“与之有分歧”以及D选项“

47、与之协议”都不符合原文。因此B选项正确。72. 【试题答案】D【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键字“the right-answer”定位到原文The right-answer thesis the idea that every case has a right answer as a matter of law would be an example of a Foundationalist Story about adjudication, and so the Realist critique would then have a potent, living target.（正确答案

48、命题即每个案例在法律问题上都有正确答案的想法将是一个关于裁决的基础主义故事的例子，因此现实主义批判就有了一个有力的、活生生的目标）可知选D选项“作为一项法律问题，每个案例都有正确答案”，同时可知A选项“没有人致力于一个关于裁决理论的基础主义故事”，C选项“它是现实主义批判的一个有力的、活生生的目标”错误，并不是正确答案命题的本质；B选项“这不是德沃金项目的中心”也不能回答正确答案命题的本质这个问题，排除。因此D选项正确。73. 【试题答案】C【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到划线句子部分Greenberg may be correct that one could have a view

49、about the nature of morality different than Dworkins and give up the right-answer thesis: John Mackie would be a case in point, though not the one Greenberg has in mind, and not one Dworkin would be happy with.（格林伯格可能是正确的，人们可以有一个不同于德沃金的关于道德本质的观点，并放弃正确答案的论点：约翰麦凯将是一个恰当的例子，尽管不是格林伯格心目中的那个，也不是德沃金会满意的）可以判

50、断出德沃金对约翰麦凯不太满意，选C选项“德沃金对约翰麦基不满意”；A选项“格林伯格没有想到约翰麦基”和原文相悖；B选项“约翰麦基放弃了正确答案的论点”划线句子未涉及，排除；D选项“约翰麦基决定了一个案件，这反映了格林伯格的理论”和原文相悖。因此C选项符合题意。74. 【试题答案】A【试题解析】推理判断题。阅读原文可知作者只是在客观的评价各个学者的观点，而不是基础主义方法论者，选A选项“作者基本上是一位基础主义学者”；根据原文Greenberg pronounces my use of the phrase “theory of adjudication” “unusual”, and I am

51、 afraid I can only return the compliment, with one qualification: “theory of adjudication” has no standard usage at all, so writing as though there is a usual meaning is, itself, “unusual”.（格林伯格宣布我使用的短语“审判理论”是“不寻常的”，恐怕我只能用一个限定词来回敬：“审判理论”根本没有标准用法，因此，似乎有通常意义的写作本身就是“不寻常的”）可知B选项“作者正在和格林伯格先生争论”符合原文；由原文I

52、rather agree with Greenberg that Dworkin “is most concerned to establish.that law depends in a particular way on morality” and that “the right-answer thesis.is a downstream consequence of his overall theory of law in conjunction with his view about morality”.（我相当同意格林伯格的观点，即德沃金“最关心的是确定法律以一种特定的方式依赖于道德

53、”，“正确答案理论是他整体法律理论和他关于道德的观点的下游结果”）可知C选项“作者不同意德沃金理论”，作者认为德沃金的理论是下游结果，以及D选项“在某一方面，格林伯格可能是正确的”符合原文。因此A选项符合题意。6. 翻译题1. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese (5 marks) A huge fire that engulfed an ancient Tibetan town in Shangri-la, Yunnan province, on Saturday has caused experts to call for heig

54、htened fire safety in historic locations across the country. The fire started early on Saturday morning and lasted about 12 hours, destroying 242 houses in the old Tibetan town of Dukezong in Shangri-la, capital of the Diqing Tibet autonomous prefecture. Dukezong town is the largest and best-preserv

55、ed Tibetan community in all of Chinas Tibetan areas. It was also a key stop on the Ancient Tea-Horse Caravan Route and a focal point for Han-Tibetan exchanges. 【答案】一场大火周六吞没了云南香格里拉一个古老的藏族小镇，引起专家呼吁在全国历史地段加强消防安全。大火周六凌晨开始，持续了大约12小时，摧毁了迪庆藏族自治州首府香格里拉藏族古镇独克宗的242栋房屋。独克宗镇是中国藏区规模最大、保存最完好的藏族聚居区。它也是茶马古道的重要一站，也是

56、汉藏交流的中心。7. 翻译题2. Translate the following paragraph into English (5 marks) 本周末，一个著名网站中止了音乐和影视的下载服务，由此引起人们对多媒体文件共享 网站命运的严重关注。自星期六起，通过进入音乐或电影频道的路径被屏蔽，或者被导向其他网站。VeryCD的首席执行官黄一孟告诉记者，中止服务是为了避免著作权 侵权。 【答案】This weekend, a well-known website suspended the download service of music and movies, which caused se

57、rious concern about the fate of multimedia file sharing websites. Since Saturday, access to music or movie channels via has been blocked or directed to other websites. VeryCD CEO Huang Yimeng told reporters that the suspension of service is to avoid copyright infringement.8. 单选题One difficulty _ the

58、components of economic movements lies in the fact that those components are not completely independent of one another.问题1选项A.of isolationB.in isolatingC.will isolateD.to isolate【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。One difficulty为主语，lies in谓语，the fact宾语，that引导同位语从句，_the components of economic movements为定语修饰主语。本句已经有谓语动词，

59、则C选项错误，C选项代入句子中会在一个句子内出现两个谓语，导致句子结构错误；difficulty后常接“in+ v -ing”作定语，in有时可省去，不用动词不定式，则排除A， D选项。句意：孤立经济运动的各个组成部分的一个困难在于，这些组成部分并不是完全相互独立的。因此B选项正确。9. 单选题Americans today dont place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athlete, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are w

60、here we send our children to get a practical education not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools arent difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writ

61、er Diane Ravitch. “School could be a counterbalance.” Ravitchs latest book, Left Back: A Century of failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and

62、should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Ea

63、rl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualis

64、m in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urge has driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: