托福词汇题精选

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1、托福词汇题精选001. Most of these leaders were invo Ived in public life as reformers, activists working for wome ns right to vote, or authors, and were not represe ntativeat all of the great of ordi narywome n.The word represe ntative is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) typical(B) satisfied(C)

2、supportive(D) dist in ctive 002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffa ny (1843-1933) was the most noted exp onent of this style, produci ng a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today.The word prized is closest in meaning to wh

3、ich of follow ing?(A) valued(B) uni versal(C) un com mon(D) preserved 003. The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 un til 1915, although its in flue nce continued throughout the mid-1920s. It was eve ntually to be overtake n by a new school of thought known as Functi

4、on alism that had bee n prese nt since the tur n of the cen tury.The word overtake n is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) surpassed(B) inclined(C) expressed(D) applied004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of in ches p

5、er day. However, at in tervalsof 10 to 100 years, these glaciersmove forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The word in tervals is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) records(B) speeds(C) dista nces(D) periods005. The in creas ing water pressure un der the glacier might lift it off its

6、 bed, overcoming the frictio n betwee n ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders dow nhill surge glaciers also might be in flue need by the climate, volca nic heat, or earthquakes.The word free in g is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) push ing(B) releas ing(C) stre

7、ngthe ning(D) draining006. A flood of ice would the n surge in to the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, caus ing sea levels to rise eve n higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in moti on a vicious cycle.The word pl un ge is close

8、st in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) drop(B) exte nd(C) melt(D) drift007. Group members look to in strume ntal leaders to get things don e. Expressive leadership, on the other han d, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social groups members.The word collective is closest

9、 in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) n ecessary(B) typical(C) group(D) particular008. They offer sympathy whe n some one experie nces difficulties or is subjected to discipli ne, are quick to lighte n a serious mome nt with humor, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group.The wor

10、d resolve is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) avoid repeat ing(B) talk about(C) avoid thinking about(D) find a solution for009. Thousa nds of tons were extracted before 1875, when it was first noticed that the tar contained fossil rema ins. Major excavati ons were un dertake n that esta

11、blished the sig nifica nee of this remarkable site.The word no ticed is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) predicted(B) announced(C) corrected(D) observed010. Si nee then, over 100 tons of fossils, 1.5 millio n from vertebrates, 2.5 millio n from inv ertebrates, have bee n recovered, ofte

12、 n in densely concentrated tangled masses. The word ta ngled is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) buried ben eath(B) twisted together(C) quickly formed(D) easily dated 011. The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface, especially in the summer, and forms shallow puddles that would ofte n

13、have bee n con cealed by leaves and dust.The word con cealed is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) highlighted(B) covered(C) tran sformed(D) con tam in ated 012. The ocea n bottom - a regi on n early 2. 5 times greater tha n the total la nd area of the Earth - is a vast frontier that even

14、 today is largely un explored and un charted, un til about a cen tury ago, the deep-ocea n floor was completely in accessible , hidde n ben eath waters averag ing over 3,600 meters deep. The word in accessible is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) un recog ni zable(B) un reachable(C) unu

15、sable(D) un safe013. The DSDPs drill ship, the Glomar Challe nger, was able to maintain a steady positi on on the ocea ns surface and drill in very deep waters, extract ingsamples of sedime ntsand rock from the ocea n floor.The word extracting is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) break i

16、ng(B) locat ing(C) rem oving(D) an alyz ing 014. Today, largely on the strength of evide nee gathered duri ng the Glomar Challe ngers voyages, n early all earth scie ntists agree on the theories of plate tect onics and continen tal drift that expla in many of the geological processes that shape the

17、Earth. The word stre ngth is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) basis(B) purpose(C) discovery(D) en dura nee015. For every three Can adia ns in 1945, there were over five in 1966. In September 1966 Can adas populatio n passed the 20 milli on mark. Most of this surg ing growth came from n

18、atural in crease.The word surgi ng is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) new(B) extra(C) accelerat ing(D) surpris ing 016. When the prairies were being settled, un doubtedly, the good econo mic con diti ons of the 1950s supported a growth in the populato n, but the expa nsion also derived

19、 from a trend toward earlier marriages and an in crease in the average size of families.The word tre nd is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) tendency(B) aim(C) growth(D) directive 017. After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Can ada bega n to decli ne. It continued falli ng until

20、in 1966, it stood at the lowest level in 25 years.The word peak is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) poin ted(B) dismal(C) moun ta in(D) maximum 018. Although the growth in Ca nadas population had slowed down by 1966 (the in crease the first half of the 1960s was only nine perce nt) , an

21、o ther large populati on wave was coming over the horiz on .It would be composed of the childre n who were born duri ng the period of the high birth rate prior to 1957.The phrase prior to is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) beh ind(B) since(C) duri ng(D) precedi ng019. Advocates of orga

22、 nic foods - a term whose meaning varies greatly - freque ntly proclaim that such products are safer and more nu tritious tha n others.The word Advocates is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) Prop onents(B) Mercha nts(C) In spectors(D) Con sumers(D) unv erified021. But in many cases con s

23、umers are misled if they believe organic foods can maintain health and provide better nutritional quality than conven ti on ally grow n foods. So there is real cause for concern if con sumers, particularly those with limited in comes, distrust the regular food supply and buy only expe nsive orga nic

24、 foods in stead.The word mai ntai n is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) improve(B) mon itor(C) preserve(D) restore022. In additi on, there were performers and since con siderableimporta nee was attachedto avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed tha

25、t task. The word con siderable is closest in meaning to which of followi ng?(A) thoughtful(B) substa ntial(C) relatio nal(D) cerem onial023. In additi on, there were performers and since con siderable importa nee was attached to avoid ing mistakes in the en actme ntof rites,religious leaders usually

26、 assumed that task. The word en actme nt is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) establishme nt(B) performa nee(C) authorizati on(D) season020. There are nu merous un substa ntiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to syn thetic on es, that fertilized eggs are nu triti on ally sup

27、erior to un fertilized eggs, that un treated grains are better tha n fumigated grains, and the like.The word un substa ntiated is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) un believable(B) uncon tested(C) un popular024. Staggeri ng tasks confron ted the people of the United States, North and Sou

28、th, when the Civil War en ded. About a milli on and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilia n life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy.The word Staggeri ng is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) specialized(B) confusing(C) various(D) overwhel ming

29、(D) urban025. About a millio n and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilia n life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy.The word devastated is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) develop ing(B) rui ned(C) complicated(D) fragile026. Some bota ni sts

30、hypothesized that the liv ing cells of pla nts acted as pumps. But many experime nts dem on stratedthat the stems ofplants in which all the cells are killed can still move water to appreciable heights.The word dem on strated is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) ignored(B) showed(C) disgu

31、ised(D) disti nguished 027. As water is lost from the surface of the leaves, a n egative pressure, or tension, is created. The evaporated water is replaced by water movi ng from in side the pla nt in un broke n colu mns that exte nd from the top of a plant to its roots. The same forces that create s

32、urface tension in any sample of water are resp on sible for the maintenance of these un broke n colu mns of water.The word exte nd is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) stretch(B) bran ch(C) in crease(D) rotate 028. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for reside ntial expa nsion, the

33、 omn ibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regi ons outward two to four times more dista nt from city cen ters tha n they were in the premoder n era.The word vast is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) large(B) basic(C) new029. The new accessibility

34、of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosi on of real estate developme nt and fueled what we now know as urba n sprawl. Betwee n 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new reside ntial lots were recorded with in the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outly

35、ing areas.The word sparked is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) brought about(B) surro un ded(C) sen t out(D) followed030. An xious to take adva ntage of the possibilities of commut in g, real estate developers added 800,000 pote ntialbuild ingsites to the Chicago region in just thirty y

36、ears- lots that could have housed five to six milli on people.The word pote ntial is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) certa in(B) popular(C) improved(D) possible031. The quality of preservati on is outsta nding, but what is eve n moreimpressive is the nu mber of ichthyosaur fossils cont

37、aining preserved embryos.The word outsta ndin g is closest in meaning to which of followi ng?(A) exte nsive(B) surpris ing(C) vertical(D) excelle nt 032. Ichthyosaurs with embryos have bee n reported from 6 differe nt levels of the shale in a small area around Holzamde n, suggesti ng that a specific

38、 site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time.The word site is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) example(B) locatio n(C) developme nt(D) characteristic033. The quality of preservatio n is almost unm atched, and quarry operati ons have bee n carried out carefully wi

39、th an aware ness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not acco unt for the in teresti ng questi on of how there came to be such a concen trati on of preg nant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.The phrase acco unt for is closest in meaning to whi

40、ch of follow ing?(A) record(B) describe(C) equal(D) expla in034. In the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief in strume nts of the keyboard group, a supremacy they maintained un til the pia no suppla nted them at the end of the eightee nth cen tury.The w

41、ords a supremacy in line 9 are closest in meaning to(A) a suggesti on(B) an improveme nt(C) a dominance(D) a developme nt035. A series of mecha ni cal improveme nts continuing well into the nin etee nth cen tury, in clud ing the in troduct ion of pedals to susta in tone or to softe n it, the perfect

42、 ion of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, fin ally produced an in strume nt capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harm onies to an almost orchestral full ness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a ship, percussive brillia nee.The word myriad is closest in mea

43、ning to which of follow ing?(A) no ticeable(B) many(C) loud(D) unu sual036. Each one was virtually a stone tow n, which is why the Spanish would later call them pueblos, the Spanish word for tow ns. These pueblos represe nt one of the An asazis supreme achieveme nts. At least a doze n large stone ho

44、uses took shape below the bluffs of Chiaco Canyon in n orthwest New Mexico.The word supreme is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) most com mon(B) most outsta nding(C) most expe nsive(D) most convenient037. They fun cti oned as san ctuaries where the elders met to pla n festivals, perform

45、ritual dances, settle pueblo affairs, and impart tribal lore to the youn ger gen erati on.The word settle is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) si nk(B) decide(C) clarify(D) locate 038. Then, to connect the pueblos and to give access to the surro unding tablela nd, the architects laid out

46、 a system of public roads with stone staircases for ascending cliff faces. The word asce ndin g is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) arriv ing at(B) carv ing(C) connecting(D) climbi ng039. Within a very short time, however, the incon gruity of play ing lively music to asole mnfilm became

47、 appare nt, and film pia ni sts bega n to take some care in match ing their pieces to the mood of the film.The word sole mn is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) simple(B) serious(C) short(D) sile nt040. Certa in films had music especially composed for them. The most famous of these early

48、 special scores was that composed and arranged for D. W. Griffiths film Birth of a Nati on, which was released in 1915.The word composed is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) selected(B) comb ined(C) played(D) createdThe word scores is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) totals(

49、B) successes(C) musical compositi ons(D) groups of musicia ns 041. The Earth comprises three principal layers: the den se, ir on -rich core, the man tle made of silicate rocks that are semimolte n at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust.The word comprises is closest in meaning to which of follow

50、 ing?(A) adapts to(B) ben efits from(C) con sists of(D) focuses on 042. These plates move over the semimolte n lower man tle to produce all of the major topographical features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformati on occurs are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boun daries of con

51、tact of the plates.The word inten se is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) surface(B) sudden(C) rare(D) extreme043. New ocea nic crust is formed along one or more margi nsof each plate by materialissu ing from deeper layers of the Earths crust, for example, by volca nic erupti ons of lava

52、 at midocea n ridges.The word marg in s is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) edges(B) peaks(C) in teriors(D) dista nces044. If at such a spread ing con tact the two plates support con ti nen ts, a rift is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the sea. The Atlantic Ocean

53、formed like this as the America n and Afro-Europea n plates move in opposite directi ons.The word support is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) separate(B) create(C) reduce(D) hold045. Coin cide nt with concerns about the accelerati ng loss of species and habitats has been a growing appre

54、ciationof theimporta nee of biological diversity, the nu mber of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and huma n well-be ing. The word appreciati on is closest in meaning to which of followi ng?(A) ignorance(B) recog niti on(C) tolera nee(D) forgive ness 046. An alie n explo

55、ri ng Earth would probably give priority to the pla nets dominant, most- disti nctive feature-the ocea n. Huma ns have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly exam ining global issues.The word bias is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) concern(B) disadva ntage(C) attitu

56、de(D) prejudice047. The prevailing winds in the Great Basin are from the west. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocea n is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra Nevada.The word prevaili ng is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) most freque nt(B) occasi onal(C) gen tle(D) most dan gerous 04

57、8. There seem to have bee n several periods with in the last tens of thousa nds of years whe n water accumulated in these bas ins. The rise and fall of the lakes were un doubtedly lin ked to the adva nces and retreats of the great ice sheets that covered much of the no rther n part of theNorth Ameri

58、ca n con ti nent duri ng those times. The word accumulated is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) dried(b) flooded(C) collected(D) evaporated049. All liv ing creature, especially huma n bein gs, have their peculiarities, but everyth ing about the little sea cucumber seems unu sual. What el

59、se can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other ecce ntricities, eats mud, feeds almost con ti nu ously day and ni ght but can live without eating for long periods, and can be pois onous but is con sidered supremely edible by gourmets?The phrase bizarre is closest in meaning to which of foll

60、ow ing?(A) odd(B) marine(C) simple(D) rare 050. Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It also casts off attached structures such as ten tacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched;

61、it will do the same if the surro unding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted.The phrase casts off is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) grows aga in(B) grabs(C) gets rid of(D) uses as a weap on051. A folk culture is small, isolated, cohesive, con servative, n

62、 early self-sufficie nt group that is homoge neousin custom and race, with astrong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals.The word homoge neous is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) uniform(B) gen eral(C) primitive(D) traditio nal052. Un altered folk cultures no Ion ger exi

63、st in in dustrialized coun tries such as the Un ited States and Can ada. Perhaps the n earest moder n equivale nt in An glo-America is the Amish, a Germa n America n farmi ng sect that largely renoun cesthe products and laborsav ing devices of the in dustrial age.The phrase largely renoun ces is clo

64、sest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) gen erally rejects(B) greatly modifies(C) loudly declares(D) often criticizes 053. Secular in stituti ons, of con trol such as the police and army take the place of religio n and family in maintaining order, and a moneybased economy prevails . Because of these con trasts, popular may be viewed