限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别

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1、限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别一、在句中作用不同限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，只是对其作一些附加说明，不起限定制约作用。如果将非限制性定语从句省去，主句的意义仍然完整。二、外在表现形式不同限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切，所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限制 性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开。例 1. Do you remember the girl who taught us English?你还记得教我们英语的那个女孩吗？例

2、 2. Clock is a kind of instrument which can tell people time.钟是一种能够告诉人们时间的仪器。例 3. This is the place where he used to live.这就是他过去居住的地方。例 4. Mr. Zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of mine.张先生昨天来看我，他是我的一位朋友。例 5. We walked down the village street, where they were having market d ay.我们

3、沿着村里的大街向前走去，村民们正在那里赶集。析:在前三个例句中，定语从句与先行词关系密切，为限制性定语从句，不可用逗号将 其与主句隔开。在后两个例句中，定语从句与先行词关系不密切，为非限制性定语从句，可用逗号将其与主句隔开。三、先行词内容有所不同大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。例 1. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much.一个中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫，这令我十分恐惧。析:由

4、语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫”这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导定语从句。例 2. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign Ianguages, which surprises all the people present.一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。析:由语境可知，令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语”这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which弓I导非限制性定语从句。四、关系词的使用情况有所不同（一）that不可用于引导非限制性定语从句所有关系

5、代词和关系副词均可引导限制性定语从句，大多数关系代词和关系副词可弓I导非限制性定语从句，但that不可。例1.他送给他母亲一台彩电作为生日礼物，这使她非常高兴。误:He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday, that pleased her a lot.正:He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday, which pleased hera lot.例2.他没通过这次考试，令我很失望。误:He did nt pass the exam, that disappo in ted m

6、e.正:He did nt pass the exam, which disappo in ted me.值得注意的是，不少同学误认为只有 which才能引导非限制性定语从句，这个观点是不正确的。使用非限制性定语从句时 导非限制性定语从句；先行词指物可用 且在从句中作时间状语或地点状语时，如果先行词指人，则用who , which或whose引 which引导非限制性定语从句；先行词表时间或地点,可用when , where引导非限制性定语从句。例 1. Well graduate in July, when we will be free.我们将于七月份毕业，到那时我们就自由了。例 2. L

7、ast Sun day they reached Nanjing, where a conference was to be he Id.他们上周日到达南京，有个会议要在那里举行。（二）关系代词替代情况不同关系代词 whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替 whom ,但whom在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who来代替。例 1. This is the girl whom I met in the street.这是我在街上遇到的那个女孩。析:先行词the girl在限制性定语从句中作宾语，可用who代替whom .例 2. A young man had a new girl

8、 friend, whom he wan ted to impress.一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻的印象。析:先行词a new girl friend在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，不可用 who代替whom .在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可用that代替who/ whom，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，不可用that代替who/whom .例:她有一个姐姐，她是教师。误:She has a sister, that is a teacher.正:She has a sister, who is teacher.（三）关系代词省略情况不同关系代词在限制性定语从句中

9、作宾语时可以省去，非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省。例 1. This is the book （which/that） he lost yesterday.这就是他昨天丢的那本书。析:先行词the book在限制性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词 which或that可以省略。例 2. The book, which he lost yesterday, has been found.他昨天丢了这本书，但现在已找到了。析:先行词the book在非限制性定语从句中作宾语,关系代词 which不可省。实战演练1. She heard a terrible noise, brought her h

10、eart into her mouth.A. it B. which C. this D. that2. Have you ever been to Xian, I left ten years ago.A. which B. whose C. that D. /3. The weather turned out to be very good, was more than wecould expect.A. what B. which C. that D. it4. His English, used to be very poor is now excellent.A. which B.

11、that C. it D . whom5. Some of the roads were flooded, makes our journey more difficult.A. that B. it C. which D. who6. ni find a nice girl, I want to marry.A. who B. whom C. that D. which7. Ill come at ten, Ill be free.A. which B. that C. when D. what8. She has two brothers, are teachers.A. who B. that C. whom D. /9. Which answer is NOT true?This is the factory I visited yesterday.A. that B. which C. / D. where10. I still remember the days I spent in Beijing.A. when B. what C. that D. duringKey:1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C