A Brief Analysis of Common Problems and Learning S

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1、A Brief Analysis of Common Problems and Learning Strategies of College Students English-Chinese TranslationAbstract:Translation is the process of transforming one language into another. In general, translation should focus on loyalty and fluency. The so-called faithfulness refers to the content info

2、rmation that is faithful to the original text. That is to say, the information of the original text is completely and accurately expressed, so that the information obtained by the target reader is roughly the same as the information obtained by the original reader. The so-called passing through refe

3、rs to the phenomenon that the translation is standardized, understandable, and has no literary and unreasonable meaning. The two complement each other and complement each other, reflecting the unity of content and form. It can be said that loyalty is the basis of the quality of the translation, and

4、fluency is the guarantee of the quality of the translation. This article explains the problems that we are prone to in the translation process and the methods we need to address them.Key words: English-Chinese translation, translation countermeasures,faithfulness目录1 Introduction32 Characteristics of

5、 English-Chinese Translation and Difficulties32.1 Characteristics of English-Chinese Translation32.1.1Sentence translation should be concise and concise32.1.2Meaning Translation Should Be Equivalent and Complete42.1.3Use terminology concretely and appropriately42.2 Difficulties in English-Chinese Tr

6、anslation43Common Problems of Chinese College Students in English-Chinese Translation53.1 Misunderstanding of Meaning53.2 Having Difficulties in Language Expression63.3Overlooking the Differences between Chinese and English64 Causes of the Problems85 Learning Strategies of English-Chinese Translatio

7、n96 Conclusion12Reference131 IntroductionWith the promotion of Chinas international status, it is inevitable that the country has intensified its diplomatic efforts. As a result, more and more translators are playing the role of language conversion in international affairs. Chinese universities have

8、 gradually set English translation course as a compulsory or optional course in order to find and cultivate a number of high-end talents in English translation. However, in the actual teaching process, we find that there are a series of problems in College English translation classroom teaching. If

9、these problems can not be effectively improved, there will be a serious crisis in our translation classroom teaching.2 Characteristics of English-Chinese Translation and Difficulties 2.1 Characteristics of English-Chinese Translation2.1.1Sentence translation should be concise and conciseWhen conduct

10、ing international business and trade, special attention should be paid to efficiency and time. Both sides should adhere to the principle of efficiency and conciseness in their discussions and exchanges, and also pay attention to business etiquette. Therefore, every business English translator should

11、 elaborate the content of raw materials accurately and concisely in order to improve the efficiency of business negotiation. At the same time, when translating texts of international trade, we should not only ensure the accuracy and conciseness of the wording, but also pay attention to the use of po

12、lite tone. That is to say, business English should not use rhetoric as much as possible, but should pay attention to the conciseness and objectivity of language.2.1.2Meaning Translation Should Be Equivalent and CompleteIf we want the target readers to understand clearly the requirements of the sende

13、r, we should not only use accurate and specific translation terminology, but also ensure that it has complete meaning. Integrity means that translators should fully and completely represent all the information involved in raw materials, and should not miss out. Especially important business guidelin

14、es and data, they must ensure their integrity and faithfulness. The integrity and faithfulness of all the information involved in raw materials should not be omitted, especially the important business rules and data.2.1.3Use terminology concretely and appropriatelyThe main purpose of business Englis

15、h translation is to make the reader clearly understand the requirements of the sender. Therefore, translators should use business terms accurately, effectively enhance the accuracy of translation, maintain the integrity of terms, and make the original information concrete and accurate. English trans

16、lation information includes all aspects. Therefore, all kinds of terminology will be involved. If the information can not be accurately translated, translators should have a comprehensive understanding of the material, select standard and equivalent professional terms for translation, and enhance th

17、e specificity and accuracy of the vocabulary. 2.2 Difficulties in English-Chinese TranslationThe translation of long sentences is a difficult point in translation. English-to-Chinese translation is one of the questions in CET-4. Generally speaking, the subject-subordinate structure is the dominant s

18、tructure in English for the title of English-Chinese translation. The subject and subordinate sentences, clauses and phrases are nested together. The sentences are generally longer, some are punctuated, some are not, and the structure is complex and difficult to understand. Because English and Chine

19、se differ greatly in their forms of expression, English sentence structures are often unable to be duplicated in the process of translation. If the hard copy comes out, the translation often does not conform to the Chinese expression habits. This problem is particularly prominent when long English s

20、entences are translated into Chinese. In this case, the following methods can be used to resolve contradictions:1)Interpretation. In the process of English-Chinese translation, long compound sentences with complex structures are usually translated into phrases or short sentences according to their l

21、ogical connections, sequence of contents and the need of Chinese expression.2)etranslation. Retranslation refers to the method of translating from the back to the front rather than the natural word order of the original English text.3)Translating consecutively. The cis-translation method means that

22、the Chinese language adopts the same translation method as the original English language. Although English sentences are very long, their structures are arranged in chronological order, action order or logical connection. This type of sentence is relatively easy to translate.4)A comprehensive approa

23、ch of forward and backward translation. Where it is suitable for cis-translation, it is suitable for ci-translation and convenient for ci-translation. Both of them are used comprehensively, and other translation methods are also used.When translating long sentences, no matter using cis-translation o

24、r reverse-translation or deconstruction or combination of cis-translation and reverse-translation, the most important thing is that the translator should analyze and understand the sentences from three aspects: the authors intention, the logical connection of the content and the grammatical relation

25、ship of the sentences. In other words, we should first find out the subject, predicate or object of the sentence, so as to grasp the main meaning: then find its attributive, adverbial, complement and other modifiers; finally, we should choose appropriate translation methods according to the structur

26、al characteristics of the sentence pattern.However, any translation method of long sentences is by no means simple. When using deconstruction method, word addition method or part-of-speech conversion method are often used.3Common Problems of Chinese College Students in English-Chinese TranslationAt

27、present, business English translation embodies the above characteristics, and has made great progress and accumulated some experience. However, there are still some problems and drawbacks, which have an impact on our learning and development. Therefore, we should analyze the problems in business Eng

28、lish translation and solve them.3.1 Misunderstanding of MeaningIn English translation, because of the great differences between Chinese and Western cultures, problems often arise in terms of word comprehension, resulting in problems in the conversion of Chinese and English words. English-Chinese tra

29、nslation often involves professional vocabulary, which contains a lot of content and involves a wide range. In translation, these words usually seem simple, but they are quite different from ordinary English. If translators do not pay attention to minor differences, problems will arise, which will r

30、educe the accuracy and professionalism of translation materials. For some words with obvious differences in meaning, the accuracy and professionalism of the data. For some words with obvious differences in meaning, errors will affect the overall meaning of the material. The words shipper and carder

31、are not very different in common language environment, but they represent different meanings in business English. The former refers to the deliverer of goods, the seller or the buyers client; the latter refers to the shipping company, which is the intermediary responsible for the transport of goods

32、in trade.3.2 Having Difficulties in Language ExpressionWhen people are translating, they are sometimes restricted by grammar. They cant jump out of the circle of English syntax. They dont fully understand the difference between English and Chinese grammar rules. They mistakenly believe that retainin

33、g the original grammatical form naturally expresses their meaning faithfully, but it is not. Such as: There is a metal catting machine in our shop. In the process of understanding, people may only pay attention to the participle phrase as a post-attribute, but ignore the gerund single word prepositi

34、on can take a noun together as an attributive, so mistake it Translated as there is a metal for cutting machines in our workshop. The correct translation is: There is a metal cutting machine in our workshop. Another example: I can not praise them too highly. Some people translated it into I cant pra

35、ise them excessively. This is because the translator only notices that the structure of the sentence is negative, and neglecting the not.+too structure contains a very positive meaning as a whole. This is a special negation structure in English that expresses a certain meaning. Sentence pattern. The

36、refore, the correct translation of this sentence is I cant praise them. Similar sentences include: You cannever be over careful in your work. This sentence cannot be translated literally as You cant work too carefully, but should be translated as The more you work, the more you work. From this we ca

37、n see that in order to translate an article, we must first have a relatively strong language foundation, not only to understand its generality, but also to know its particularity, and to be able to use it flexibly, rather than to follow the grammar and syntax.3.3Overlooking the Differences between C

38、hinese and EnglishOne of the important reasons for mistranslation is to ignore the differences between the two different socio-language cultures. The differences in language are not only reflected in the pronunciation, glyph and grammatical structure, but also in the content. The special culture and

39、 regional customs and habits of language are also reflected in the language, which makes each language form some unique idioms. Therefore, when translating, you cannot simply translate the things, habits, and expressions mentioned in the original text literally. Here is only easy to askWhat was igno

40、red by people. (1) Differences between English and Chinese habits, idioms, and proverbs. Both English and Chinese have extremely rich idioms. In two different cultures, each language must be closely related to the historical background, life experience, customs and so on of each ethnic group. Langua

41、ge habits to express. For example, in a tour, when the car passes through the gully bridge, the translator introduces: “This is the famous Lugou Bridge.” (This is the famous 泸 桥 bridge), the foreigner shook his head after listening, and the translator further explained After reading the explanation,

42、 the guest said: “Western people call it the Marco Polo Bridge.” It is obvious that in addition to mastering the necessary language knowledge, it must have a certain historical and cultural background. For another example, Chinese says “love house and black”, while English says: “Love me, love my do

43、g.” Similarly, Chinese says “no wind and no waves”, while English says: “There is no smoke without fire.” Another example is Chinese: “say Cao Cao, Cao Cao arrived. And English said: Talk of the devil and he is sure to appear. There are many English and Chinese idioms and proverbs like different exp

44、ressions. In addition, there are some idioms or proverbs, and there are differences in the use and expression of numerals. Such as: three stinkers, better than Zhuge Liang: Two heads are better than one. A slap in the face does not ring: It takes two to make a quarrel.(2) Differences between English

45、 and Chinese phrases and collocations. English and Chinese have different expression habits, and often encounter some phrases translated into Chinese, the order is completely different from English. For example, Chinese says “southwest and northwest”, while the order of English is: “north, south, ea

46、st and west.” Similarities are: rich and poor: rich and poor; back and forth: back and forth; left and right: right and left; Sooner or later; water: land and water; diet: eat and drink; day and night: day and night; three three two two: by twos and threes. In addition, due to the difference between

47、 the development history of English and Chinese and the national customs The differences in the vocabulary of the language. For example, the basic meaning of the heavy adjective is “having weight”, but after collocation with other different words, the corresponding words in Chinese vary greatly, but

48、 the meanings are not the same. Such as: a heavy bag; heavy heavy rain; a heavy drinker; a heavy atmosphere; a heavy atmosphere; a heavy sky; a heavy sky; heavy industry; heavy industry; heavy food greasy food. In the case of similar situations, the translator must express the habit of using Chinese

49、 words.(3) The difference in state polity leads to differences in translation. The same word has different opinions in different countries. For example, Prime Minister is called “the Prime Minister” in China and many countries, and is called “Prime Minister” and “Prime Minister” in some countries in

50、 Western Europe. For example, translating The prime minister left Whitehall yesterday into the Prime Minister left the White House yesterday is wrong. One is that the white hall is the official office of the United Kingdom; the White House in Washington, DC is the White House; the second is that the

51、 Prime Minister refers to the British head, which should be called the “Prime Minister”, so this sentence should be translated as “the Prime Minister left the Prime Ministers House yesterday”. The prime ministers in countries such as Austria are represented by the word chancellor.(4) Differences in

52、translation caused by professional and industry terminology. Knowing the importance of some professional and industry terms is to avoid speaking outside. Regardless of which professional articles are translated, you should be familiar with the industry as much as possible, and select appropriate tra

53、nslations and standard predicates according to your major. For example, the term “case” has different meanings in different professions: it can be used as a case in law; in medicine, “patient” and “case”; in grammar, it means “grid”; in general usage, it refers to cases and occasions. Wait. When it

54、comes to professional and industry terminology, you must consider the attributes of the full text and never do whatever you want.4 Causes of the Problems4.1 Language LevelEnglish learning has become a trend in our country for more than 20 years. We have devoted a lot of time, energy and money to Eng

55、lish learning, but unfortunately to tell you one result, our English level, a little Chinese football, is still so unsatisfactory, in the global comparison is at the level of inferior students, even in Asia. Comparisons are also lower than those we often laugh at in Korea and Japan. About the same a

56、s our English proficiency is Guatemala or Panama, currently ranked 47th in the country. So our investment is not directly proportional to the return we get, so we need to think about what problems we have and what can be improved. 4.2 Lack of Theoretical Knowledge and SkillsIn the process of college

57、 students English learning, many students lack theoretical knowledge. Unfamiliarity with vocabulary, grammar and sentence structure greatly affects the accuracy and efficiency of translation. 4.3 Lack of Knowledge of Chinese and English CulturesThere are great differences between our mother tongue c

58、ulture and English culture, as well as in word order expression. We grew up in Chinese education, so our thinking has been solidified into Chinese thinking. Therefore, in the process of learning English, we are often influenced by our mother tongue, and there are often some mistakes in principle. Fo

59、r example, in English, if we introduce the location, we will say Wanda Plaza, high-tech Zone, Dalian City, Liaoning province. Through this sentence, we can find that in English, when describing the location, we will put the small location in front and the big location in the back. However, in Chines

60、e, our expression is Wanda Square, Dalian High-tech Park, Liaoning Province. We put the big location in front and the small location house in the end. It can be seen that there are some differences in word order between Chinese and English. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to these different

61、 explanations in the process of teaching so as to ensure the accuracy of students translation.5 Learning Strategies of English-Chinese TranslationIn learning English-Chinese translation, we should learn the skills to effectively improve the accuracy and efficiency of our English-Chinese translation.

62、 We can learn from the following points: 5.1 Learning the TheoryWe can learn vocabulary, grammar, structure and sentence patterns in English-Chinese translation from various resources such as Internet and books, which will help us avoid more problems in future English-Chinese translation and improve

63、 the accuracy of translation. 5.2 Consolidating the Foundation of English 5.2.1 Expanding VocabularyVocabulary is the most basic material of language. Expanding vocabulary is the premise of improving students listening, speaking, reading and writing ability. Therefore, vocabulary learning is the key

64、 point. So, in the process of learning, how can we effectively expand students vocabulary? The only way is to use scientific teaching methods.Strengthen phonetics teaching to lay a good foundation for vocabulary teachingSound is our first impression of a word. If we cant pronounce it, we cant rememb

65、er the form. If we cant pronounce it, we cant say what it means. Therefore, to remember a word, we should first pronounce it accurately. Listening is the basic method of learning English. First listening, then speaking and pronouncing the accent are the basic steps of pronunciation. So, in learning, how to train listening? It is helpful for us to master phonetic knowledge accurately by adopting imitative listening and discriminative listening. The so-called imitative listening, that is, in phonetics teaching, teachers can read by t