高中英语必修4Module4GreatScientists练习与解析

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1、练习与解析Module 4 Great Scie ntistsi.根据中文提示完成句子1. （生物化学）is very popular in scienee today.答案：Biochemistry2. He is not （身体上地）ill but me ntally （思想上地）ill.答案:physically3. （产量）of computers has in creased double in the last few weeks.答案:Productio n4. We prefer （质量）to qua ntity.答案:quahty5. The doctor （诊I断） my

2、illness as cold.答案:diag no sed6. The （本来的）owner of the house was the Duke of Wellington.答案:orig in al7. With new tech no logy used in （农业）more crops are produced.答案:agriculture8. The newcity,Brasilia, （取代）Rio de Janeiro as the capital of Brazil in I960.答案:replaced9. The writer was （教育）at a very good

3、 school.答案:educated10. His book, （出版）the year before last,still sells well now.n.下列句子中每句都有一处错误，请在错误处画线，并将正确的答案添在句后的横线上1.1 know little about the girl call! ng Susan.答案:calli ng - called1. the girl和call之间有被动关系，因而要用过去分词作定语。2. Air pollution is the greatest trouble having been caused by the factory.答案：去掉

4、having been3. caused by the factory 作 trouble 的定语，表示被动。3dn the rice grow n world,Yua n Longping is a lead ing figure. 答案:ricegrow n rice grow ing4. rice-growing意思是“水稻种植的，作world的定语。5. All the childre n here are well feeding.答案:feed ing - fed4. fed是过去分词，作表语，意思是“这里的所有孩子得到了很好的喂养”。5. The frighte ned dog

5、made the girl cry.答案:frighte ned - frighte ning5. the dog和frighten之间是主动关系，“令人害怕的狗”，因而不用过去分词而用 动词ing形式作定语。6. Every one can no tice the excit ing look on her face. 答案:excit ing excited6.look , expression等表示人的表情的名词，通常用过去分词修饰。7. The cattle bel on ged to the farm were well looked after.答案:bel on ged - be

6、l onging7. the cattle和belong to是主动关系，要用动词ing形式作定语。8. Much attention should be paid to the people being addicted to drugs答案：去掉being8. addicted to drugs是过去分词短语作people的定语。9. There is only one way to produci ng rice more quickly.答案:producing /produce9. way的定语可以用of doing或者to do,表示做某事的方法。10.She looked sad

7、ly at the break ing kite.答案:breaking f broken10.过去分词broken作kite的定语。我综合我发展I 听力听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有 关小 题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Why does the man apologize to the woma n ?A. He had to say goodbye to his frie nd at the airport.B. He did nt go to the wom

8、a ns party last ni ght.C. He had to go to ano ther city with his frie nd.答案:B(Text 1)W:l expected youd come to my birthday party yesterday.M:lm terribly sorry , Susan.l had to see off a friend of mine at the airport last ni ght.B.Very pain ful.C.A little angry.2. How does the woma n feel ?A. Very gl

9、ad.答案:C(Text 2)M:l must apologize for not meeting you at the airport this afternoon.You have bee must n un happy.W:Well, you should have let me know that you were nt coming.3. How many people are there in the dialogue ?A.Two.B.Three. C.Four.答案:B(Text 3)WJm sorry to have kept both of you wait in g.Th

10、e car was held up in the traffic.M:Thafs all right.We just got here ourselves.4. How w川 the man get to New York ?A.By air.B.By bus.C.By car.答案:B(Text 4)W:You are going to New York today , arent you ?M:Yes.l had thought I would fly , but then I decided that taking a bus would be cheaper tha n driv in

11、g or flying.5. What are they going to do tomorrow ?A. They are going to liste n to the weather report.B. They w川 go swimmi ng.C. They will go boat ing.答案:C(Text 5)W:Daddy have you decided what to do tomorrow ?M:We1l go boat ing if it is fine.W:Won derful! Tm sure it will be fine J ve liste ned to th

12、e weather report.听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅 读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对 话或独白 读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第68题。6. What is the re I at io nshipbetwee n the two speakers?A. They are pare nt and teacher.B. They are close frie nds.C. They are n eighbors.答案:C(Text

13、6)M:Excuse me rm trying to do somework.Tm afraid your children are making a lot of no ise.D ont they ever go to sleep?W:lm sorry.They are no isy.But you know ifs difficult to keep boys quiet.M:l could nt work and I could nt sleep last ni ght.A nd I was wake ned by the no ise they made early this mor

14、ni ng.W:Tm terribly sorry.You know they n ever liste n-to me.They are only afraid of their father.Hes away on bus in ess,but hell be back tomorrow.M:l hope he can do someth! ng about it.7. What can you lear n from the dialogue?A. The man is maki ng complai nt (抱怨)to thewoma n.B. The man is making so

15、me suggesti on to the woma n.C. The man is satisfied after talki ng to the woma n.答案:A(Text 7)M:Oh come in.W:l just dropped in to retur n these books.Are you gett ing dinner ready?Someth ing smells good.M:Oh, rm just preparing some noodles.W:l thought your wife did the cook ing.M:She did , but she s

16、aid she would come home late today.W:So you*re the cook.What are you hav ing with the no odles ?M:Some cabbages and tomatoes.Why don*t you stay and have dinner with us ?W:Thanks, but not today.I have to hurry off.Maybe some other time.8. Whats not the result of thechildre ns no ise?1. The man could

17、nt work.8. The man could nt sleep.C. The man could nt eat.答案:C(Text 8)M:Dont you just love this store ? Every time I go through all the things here , I always find someth ing in terest ing.W:l know what you mean .Look at this box of clothes over here.Each piece costs only one dollar.M:Look at what I

18、 got here!W:Wha? So now you*re interested in wool coats all of a sudden.The weatheris too warm for it, I think.M:No, not that.Im talking about this jacket from the 1950s.Isntit nice ?W:Yes it is.lt only costs five dollars, too.M:l think if I clean it up a little and get the button fixed , ifll look

19、like ifs worth a millio n dollars!W:l think rm going to buy this little skirt and then ri Ibe ready to go.Howabout you ?M：rm ready any time you are.听第7段材料，回答第911题。9. Where does this dialogue take place ?A. At the mans home.B.In a restaura nt.C .In a compa ny.答案:A(Text 9)M:Hi, Jane.lfs nice to see yo

20、u again.I heard you went to the USduring your vacatio n.W:YesJ went to New York to atte nd a summer course in En glish.M:Wow.You were lucky.How long did you stay there ?W:About 50 days J went there on July 5th and came back on August 25th.M:How about the course ?W:The course was very good.The teache

21、rs were nice.They taught us to listen , speak, read and write in English , but it was mostly speaking.One interesting thi ng I found was that the America n classes are differe nt from our classeshere because they are very free.You can sit any where you like in the classroom.You can ask the teacher q

22、uesti ons at any time duri ng the class,and you are welcome to share your ideas-with the class J really liked this kind of class. M:How in teresti nglMaybe our teacher should try that.10. Why does the woma n come to the mans home ?A. She wants to have dinner with him.B. She comes to return some book

23、s.C. She wants to lear n how to cook.答案:B(Text 10)Mr. Grey was the manager of a small office in London.He lived in the country , andcameto work by train.He liked walking from the train station to his officeuni ess it was raining , because it gave him some exercise. One morning he was walk ing along

24、the street whe n a stra nger stopped him and said to him,“You maynot remember me sir, but seven years ago I cameto London without a penny in my pockets J stopped you in the street and asked you to lend me somem on ey a nd you lent mefive poun ds, because you said that you were willi ng to take a cha

25、 nee so as to give a man a start on the road to success.”Mr. Grey thought for a few minutes and then said , “Yes, I remember you.Go on with your story. uWell, “ answered the stranger, “are you still willing to take a cha nee ?”11. Who does the cook ing now ?A.The man. B.The woma n. C.The ma ns wife.

26、答案：A听第8段材料，回答第1214题。12. What are the speakers doing ?A. Tryi ng on clothes.B. Buyi ng new clothes.13 .What is the man in terested in ?C. Buyi ng old clothes.答案:C13.What is the man in terested inA.A coat.B.A shirt.C.A jacket.答案:C14 . What can we lear n about the piece of clothes the man is in tereste

27、d in?A. Some butt ons are missi ng.B. It*s worth millio ns of dollars.C. It was made in 1950.答案:A听第9段材料，回答第1517题。15. What was the womans main purpose in going to New York during the vacation ?A. To lear n En glish.B. To visit an America n family.C. To do bus in ess.答案:A16. Whe n did the woma n come

28、back from America ?A.On July 5th.B.O n July 6th. C.O n August 25th.答案:C17. What in particular did the woma n like about the America n classes?A. The teachers were ki nd.B. The stude nts were quite free.C. There were too many activities in class.答案:B听第10段材料，回答第1820题。18. Why did he walk from the stati

29、 on to his officeA. To save mon ey.B. To buy somethi ng n ecessary.C. To have more exercise.答案：C19. Which of the follow! ng state me nts may be true ?A. The stra nger once asked Mr. Grey for mon ey.B. The stra nger and Mr. Grey knew each other very well.C. The stra nger was going to give Mr. Grey hi

30、s money back.答案:A20. What did the last sentence mean ?A. He wan ted to give Mr. Grey a cha nee to help others.B. He wan ted to ask Mr. Grey for some more mon ey.C. He hoped Mr. Grey could help him to be successful in his work.答案:Bn.单项选择I.You might won der how itto live without eat ing for so many mo

31、n ths.A.keepsB.succeedsC.ma nagesD.tries答案：C1 .A、B项后面不能接不定式；从句意可知，它指的是“成功地活下来”，try to指“设法做某事，但不一定成功”。2 . The arrival of the Europea n settlers had a great on the life ofNative America ns.A.possessi onB.cha ngeD.resultC. effect答案：C2. had a great effect on是一个固定短语，意为“对有了很大影响。possession拥有,财产；change改变；re

32、sult后果。3. （2020 年东城区一模题）When first to the market,the toys did ntattract much atte nti onA. i ntroduci ngB. i ntroducedC. was in troducedD. be ing in troduced答案：B3,分析句子的结构和逻辑关系，可以把when first看成是一个省略句，相当于:When the toys were first introduced,这里 toys 与 introduced 是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。选项C是过去时的被动语态，但主语不可省略。选项D是现在

33、分词一般式的被动语态，既表被动，又表正在进行。所以不符合逻辑。4dt was quite right for Yuan Longping to think that was to have more rice and produce it more quickly.A. the key to feedi ng peopleB. the key to feed peopleC. the key of feedi ng peopleD. the key for feed people答案：A4. key （钥匙，关键），answer （答案），solution （解决方案）等名词后面常和介词 t。

34、连用，这是固定搭配，既然是介词，那么后面只能跟名词或动名词，因此答案为Ao5. As a result of the use of the n ewtech no logy , the product ion of this product 50 perce nt.A.has rise n toB.has bee n raised toC.has rise n byD.has bee n rise n by答案：C5. rose是不及物动词，不能用被动语态；如果是增长或提高了百分之多少，必须用 介词by,用介词t。时只能是具体数字。根据这两条可判断，答案为 Co6. of food to th

35、e countries struck by the seaquake（海啸）.A. Large quantities ； is sentB. Large quantities ； are sentC. Large numbers ； is sentD. Large number ； are sent答案：B4.1 arge qua ntities of/a large qua ntity of既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词；large nu mbers of/a large nu mber of只能修饰可数名词。另外，当quanHtiesof+名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数，所以答案为B

36、。7. Now many crops can be improved different species of plant, such asrice , wheat.A.by making B.by cross ingC.by convertingD.by cha nging答案：B7. 这里by doing something 是指通过某种方式来做某事，通过常识我们可以判断， 物种改良主要通过杂交，故答案为 Bo8. Why isn*t the recorder ready yet ?一rm sorry.lt in the shop.A.is being repairedB.is repai

37、redD.has nt repairedC.has bee n repaired答案：A8此题考查时态和语态。根据语意，应该用现在进行时态的被动语态，所以正确答 案为A,表示机器正在修理。9. 一 The wi ndow is dirty.一I knowj t for weeks.A.has nt clea ned B.did nt clea nC.was nt clea ned D.has nt bee n clea ned答案：D9.根据时间状语可确定用现在完成时,表示已经有好几周没擦窗子了根据句意应用被动语态。10. 一 You are so lucky.What do you mean

38、 that ?A.for B.inC.of D.by答案：D10.介词by表示方式“经，由，What do you mean by that ?的意思是“你说那个是什么意思？ ” 。11. The questi on now at the meeti ng is very imports nt.A. discussedB. to be discussedC. be ing discussedD. discuss ing答案：C11. A, B、C三项非谓语动词均含被动意义，但过去分词表示已完成的动作，不定式 表示未来的动作，现在分词表示正在发生的动作。本题根据句中 now一词可判断应 用现在分

39、词的被动式。12. That is the place where I whe n I was a child.A. was used to liveB. used to livi ngC. used to liveD. am used to livi ng答案：C12. used to do 过去常常；be used to do 被用来；be used to doing习惯于。题中的定语从句意思是“我过去常住的地方”。故答案为C。13. you put your heart into your study , youll feel in it.A. Once； interestB. If ；

40、 interestedC. Sinee ； interestedD. When interesting答案：B13 .前半句是条件状语从句，用if引导符合题意，feel/be/become interested in对某事感兴趣。14 . The way En glish is practic ing it as ofte n as possible.A. learning ； speakingB. to learn ； to speakC. to learn ； speakingD. learning ； to speak答案：C14. way后面应用动词不定式作定语the wayto do

41、或者the way of doing something,而practice 跟动名词作宾语。15. This ki nd of glasses made by experie need workers comfortably.A.is wornB. wearsC. has wornD. has bee n worn答案：B15. write , taste , wear等动词作及物动词时强调动作，作不及物动词时可以表示物体 本身的特点。再如:The pen writes smoothly.The food sells well.川.阅读理解A“ Go for it! ”The express

42、! on Go for it! ” is a way of en couragi ng some one to try something. Go for it! ” means you should not worry about failure or be to careful.You should take a chance,be brave,and act firmly. Go for it! ” gets n ame from football.Not football as it is played in most coun tries such as England,Egypt

43、or Japan,but the kind of football played in the United States and Can ada.One of the most exciting times in football comes when a team has failed,after three attempts,to movethe ball forward ten yards.The team must make a critical decisi on.The conservative （保守）choice is to kick the ball and accept

44、temporarydefeat in order to gain a good positi on for your team the n ext time it gets the ball.The more excitingchoice,however,is to try a fourth and final timeto gain the rema ining yards n eeded.People present are certain to shout their advice.Some will shout: Kick the ball!”But others will encou

45、rage the team to take a chanee. Go forit! ” they will scream.In the nineteen eighties,peoplebegan using this expression in manykindsof situati ons to en courage some one to act bravely.There is no guarantee （保证）that the action you “ go for it will succeed.But that is the chanee you take when you dec

46、ide to go for it.You put your fears behind.You choose courage over safety.You hold your breath and go forit.本文是一篇励志议论文，讲述了 “ Go for it! ”的意义并鼓励人们“ Go for it! ”I.The expressi on “ Go for it! ” comes fromA. E nglish footballB. Egyptia n footballC. Japa nese football0.America n football答案:D1 .本题为细节题。从“

47、 Go for it! gets name from football ” 和口“the kind of football played in the Un ited States ” 这两句话可知 Go for it! ” 来源于美 国的橄榄球运动。2 . According to the passage,when wedecide to go for it,we only considerA. safetyB. actionC.result D.situati on答案:B2.本题为句意理解题。从第二段 “ Go for it! meansyou should not worry abou

48、t failure or be to careful.You should take a chance,be brave,and act firmly. ” 可推知答 案。3.In which of the following situations should we use the expression nowadays?A. We decide to avoid trouble or dan ger for the future.B. We try to improve our En glish for better educati on.C. We need to make a quic

49、k decision at the last moment.D. We have to make a choice betwee n success and failure.答案:C3 .本题为推断题。结合上题的解析，我们可以排除A、D项，而B项与文章无关。BDo you suppose Darwin,one of the greatest scientists of all time, really did fools* experiments?Or did he do experiments that were so simple and basic that other people j

50、ust thought they were foolish?Sometimes,people think they already know the answer to a question or the solution （解决办法）to a problem.Sometimes,they really do know an answer or a solution,but without thinking they are important.thi nking he knewCharles Darwin did nt settle for （满足于）justsomething.And,he

51、 believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be.Suppose you drop sheets of paper that are of exactly the same size and shape .If you drop them at the same time in the same place,they will fall in the same way.Now make one of the sheets of paper into a tight （ 紧的）Httle ball a

52、nd let it drop along with the other sheets.What happens? You have done an experime nt that is so simple that you might thi nk it could nt be worth anything.But this simple experime nt is importa nt.lt expla ins part of our prese nt day understandings of physics,ideas that were worked out long ago by

53、 Galileo and Newton.And these understandings set aside someof ancient Greek physics.Scientist sometimes stops to look at very simple things and to think very hard about them.Even the simplest idea,which we might think is foolish,can shake the foun datio ns of scie nee.本文通过讲述达尔文也会做傻事这一故事，说明达尔文是一个善于从另

54、一个角度思考的 科学家，他的“傻”恰恰是他成功的原因。4 .The passage tells us that Charles Darwin.A. was a great En glish scie ntistB. always liked doing the experime nts that others thought difficultC. thought even the simplest thing was importantD. did nt get well with others答案：C4 .本题为判断题。短文并没有说Charles Darwin是哪个国家的科学家,可排除A；

55、由第二段可知别人认为Darwin的许多实验不值得做，可把B排除；文中没有论述Darwin与别人相处的事情，可排除Do由“ he believed all things could beimporta nt however simple they seemed to be.可推出答案 Co5 .The phrase “set aside ” most probably means .A.throw awayB.store upC.put to use D.realize答案：A5. 本题为词义猜测题。由上文可知作者认为做这个简单实验是重要的，它解释了目前人 们对于物理方面的理解。因此这些理解当然

56、是推翻了一些希腊古典物理学的观点。由此 可推知 set aside 与 throw away 同义。6. The author of the passage tries to .A. c onvince us that Charles Darwi n, Galileo and Newt on are the greatestscie ntists in the worldB. draw the con clusi on that basic scie nces are simple thingsC. prove that two sheets of paper,with the same si

57、ze and shape,will fall atthe same speedD. draw our atte nti on to everyday happe nings around us答案：D6.本题为主旨大意题。短文的最后一段点明最简单的事情都可能动摇科学的根基，意在告诉读者要留意身边的每一件事，哪怕它非常简单。7. Which one of the followi ng is TRUE?A. Darwin really did fools experime nts.B. Accord ing to some people Darwin did foolish experime nt

58、s.C. It is believed by all the people that things could be important though they seemed to be simple.D. Galileo and Newt on worked out an cie nt Greek physics.答案：B7. 本题为细节考查题。短文第一段第二句“Or did he do experiments that were so simple and basic that other people just thought they were foolish?明确告诉我们,有些人认为

59、Darwin做了愚蠢的实验。8. What can we lear n from Darwin in the passage?A. He is curious.B. He is careful.C. He is foolish.D. He is clever than all the people.答案：A8 .选项A可以从第三段第一句体现，选项B没有体现，选项C错误，选项D是不可能成立的。CBill Gates,the head of the worlds biggest computer software company,the Microsoft Corporation,hasa mis

60、sion, “ Put computers on every office desk andin every home. ” Bill Gates has had this mission since he was a university stude nt nin etee n years ago.This deep pers onal in terest,together with his tech ni cal skill and his bus in ess marketi ng sk川s helped him to create a gia nt computer compa ny

61、and to make him wealthy.Although he is so wealthy,Bill Gates does not want to give up.He is still very interested in his visio n (远见)and he travels the globe,from Beiji ngto London, mak ing quick stops in cities to sell the new software products of his compa nyThe central vision of B川 Gates is the“

62、information highwayn .This isa network of computers that will link every home,office and shopping mall in the future.This computer network system will have an effect on bus in ess,shopp ing and educati on .Bill Gates says that the main use of this new tech no logy will be in com mun icatio n.Bill Gates says that the mai n use of this n ewtech no logy will be in com muni cati on.lt will be a wayto find people with com mon in terests and to share opinions with them.But is this com muni catio n by com