液压与气动技术下载样章讲解

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1、会计学1液压与气动技术下载样章讲解液压与气动技术下载样章讲解2Control of Control of Single Single acting cylinderacting cylinder.The construction and simplicity of operation of the single acting cylinder makes it particularly suitable for compact,short stroke length cylinders for the following types of applications:1.Clamping the

2、 work pieces2.Cutting operations3.Ejecting parts4.Pressing operations5.Feeding and lifting第1页/共23页3 Direct control of a single acting Direct control of a single acting cylindercylinderWhen the 3/2 way valve is When the 3/2 way valve is actuated,compressed air actuated,compressed air flows from 1 to

3、2 and the flows from 1 to 2 and the exhausted part is blocked.The exhausted part is blocked.The cylinder extends.cylinder extends.When the button is released,the When the button is released,the valve return spring operates valve return spring operates and the cylinder chamber is and the cylinder cha

4、mber is exhausted through the 3 part exhausted through the 3 part with compressed air with compressed air connection 1 blocked.The connection 1 blocked.The cylinder is retracted.cylinder is retracted.第2页/共23页4Double acting cylinderDouble acting cylinder The piston rod of a double acting cylinder is

5、operated by the reciprocal input of compressed air at the front and back of the The piston rod of a double acting cylinder is operated by the reciprocal input of compressed air at the front and back of the cylinder.The end position damping is adjustable via two regular screws.The piston of the cylin

6、der contains a permanent solenoid cylinder.The end position damping is adjustable via two regular screws.The piston of the cylinder contains a permanent solenoid which can be used to operate a proximity switch.which can be used to operate a proximity switch.Cushioned double acting cylinderCushioned

7、double acting cylinder If large masses are moved by aIf large masses are moved by a cylinder,cushioning is used in the cylinder,cushioning is used in the end positions.Before reaching the end positions.Before reaching the end position,a cushioning piston end position,a cushioning piston interrupts t

8、he direct flow of air to interrupts the direct flow of air to the outside.For the last part of the the outside.For the last part of the stroke the speed is slowed to stroke the speed is slowed to reduce impact on thereduce impact on the cylinder.cylinder.第3页/共23页5Control of Control of double acting

9、cylinderdouble acting cylinder第4页/共23页6Circuit:control of a doubling acting Circuit:control of a doubling acting cylindercylinderIn the case of 5/2 way valve,the In the case of 5/2 way valve,the exhaust air is separately exhaust air is separately exhausted to atmosphere from exhausted to atmosphere

10、from one of the two ports 3S or 5R.one of the two ports 3S or 5R.It is more common for 5/2 way valve to It is more common for 5/2 way valve to be used for the control of the be used for the control of the double acting cylinder.double acting cylinder.第5页/共23页7Vacuum suction Vacuum suction nozzlenozz

11、leVacuum suction nozzleVacuum suction nozzleThe vacuum suction nozzle creates its vacuum based on the ejector principle.In this case,The vacuum suction nozzle creates its vacuum based on the ejector principle.In this case,compressed air flows fromcompressed air flows from connection 1 to 3,creating

12、a vacuum at connection 1v.A sucker connection 1 to 3,creating a vacuum at connection 1v.A sucker can be connected to the vacuum connection 1v.can be connected to the vacuum connection 1v.Stopping the input of compressed air at Stopping the input of compressed air at connection 1 stops any suction al

13、so.connection 1 stops any suction also.SuckerSuckerThe sucker can be used in connection with the vacuum suction nozzle to suck in objects.The sucker can be used in connection with the vacuum suction nozzle to suck in objects.The sucking in of objects can be simulated in FluidSIM-P by clicking on the

14、 component when in The sucking in of objects can be simulated in FluidSIM-P by clicking on the component when in the Simulation Mode.the Simulation Mode.第6页/共23页8Control of vacuum of suction Control of vacuum of suction nozzlenozzle第7页/共23页9Semi-Rotary actuatorSemi-Rotary actuatorThe semi-rotary act

15、uator is controlled by a reciprocal input of compressed airThe semi-rotary actuator is controlled by a reciprocal input of compressed air.Semi-Rotary actuatorSemi-Rotary actuatorThe rotary actuator is compact with The rotary actuator is compact with high torque ratings.The force high torque ratings.

16、The force is transmitted to the drive is transmitted to the drive shaft by a rotary vane.The shaft by a rotary vane.The range of angular movement is range of angular movement is adjustable with end stops.The adjustable with end stops.The angle can be adjusted angle can be adjusted between 0?and 180?

17、between 0?and 180?摆动式气缸是将压缩空气的压力能摆动式气缸是将压缩空气的压力能转变为气缸输出转变为气缸输出 轴的有限回转轴的有限回转的机械能，多用于安装位置受的机械能，多用于安装位置受限制，或转角小于限制，或转角小于360360度的回度的回转工作部件。转工作部件。如：夹具的回转、阀门的开启、自如：夹具的回转、阀门的开启、自动线上物料的转位等场合。动线上物料的转位等场合。第8页/共23页10Control of rotary Control of rotary actuatoractuator第9页/共23页11Air motorAir motorDevices which t

18、ransform pneumatic energy into mechanical rotary Devices which transform pneumatic energy into mechanical rotary motion,with the possibility of continuous motion.They are categorized motion,with the possibility of continuous motion.They are categorized into the groups of piston motors,sliding vane m

19、otors,gear motors and into the groups of piston motors,sliding vane motors,gear motors and turbines.turbines.（叶片、齿轮、蜗轮）（叶片、齿轮、蜗轮）（叶片、齿轮、蜗轮）（叶片、齿轮、蜗轮）第10页/共23页12Double rod cylinderDouble rod cylinderThe sliding of the piston in the double rod cylinder is controlled by a reciprocal input of compressed

20、 air.The sliding of the piston in the double rod cylinder is controlled by a reciprocal input of compressed air.Adjustable parametersAdjustable parametersMaximum stroke:10.1000 mm(50 mm)Maximum stroke:10.1000 mm(50 mm)Piston position:Piston position:0.max.stroke0.max.stroke(0 mm)(0 mm)Position encod

21、erAnalog displacement encoder for pneumatic linear drive unit for determining the current actual position.When ordering single units,please also order mounting accessories The connection cable is required for use in TP 111.第11页/共23页13无杆气缸无杆气缸1.1.特点：无杆气缸没有普通气缸的刚性活塞杆，它利用活塞直接或间接实现往复运动。这种气缸最大优点是节省了安装空间，

22、特别适用小缸径、长行程的场合。2.2.分类：机械接触式；磁性耦合式；绳索气缸；钢带缸。前两种无杆气缸在自动化系统、气动机器人中获得了大量应用。第12页/共23页14使用时注意事项使用时注意事项1.1.无杆气杆用脚架安装，两端脚架之间的跨度与负载有关。无杆气杆用脚架安装，两端脚架之间的跨度与负载有关。2.2.注意力矩的作用。带导向装置的注意力矩的作用。带导向装置的DGPLDGPL无杆能承受更大垂直和侧向负载，同时能抗扭转。导无杆能承受更大垂直和侧向负载，同时能抗扭转。导向装置有滑动轴承和滚珠轴承两种。滑动轴承最大速度达向装置有滑动轴承和滚珠轴承两种。滑动轴承最大速度达1m/s1m/s，超过此值推

23、荐使用滚珠轴，超过此值推荐使用滚珠轴承导向装置。承导向装置。3.3.气缸活塞上装有永久磁环，可用来触发行程开关。气缸活塞上装有永久磁环，可用来触发行程开关。4.4.若用无杆气缸构成气动定位系统，建议采用内置式位移传感器的无杆气缸。内置式位移传若用无杆气缸构成气动定位系统，建议采用内置式位移传感器的无杆气缸。内置式位移传感器采用电感式位移检测原理，其检测精度高，在行程感器采用电感式位移检测原理，其检测精度高，在行程1m1m范围内误差为范围内误差为0.2mm0.2mm，超过，超过1m1m范范围误差为围误差为0.4mm0.4mm（绝对值）（绝对值）5.5.无杆气缸的安装有两种：一种是气缸本身的固定，

24、无杆气缸的安装有两种：一种是气缸本身的固定，DGPDGP和和DGPLDGPL无杆气缸都是用安装支架无杆气缸都是用安装支架（脚架）直接安装固定的；另一种是无杆气缸滑块和负载之间的连接：用螺钉直接将滑块（脚架）直接安装固定的；另一种是无杆气缸滑块和负载之间的连接：用螺钉直接将滑块和负载连接，或用滑块柔性连接件连接，以补偿传动时滑块和负载之间同心度误差。和负载连接，或用滑块柔性连接件连接，以补偿传动时滑块和负载之间同心度误差。第13页/共23页15机械接触式无杆气缸机械接触式无杆气缸第14页/共23页16结构和特点结构和特点n n在气缸筒轴向开有一条槽，与普通气缸一样，在气缸两端设置空气缓冲装置。在

25、气缸筒轴向开有一条槽，与普通气缸一样，在气缸两端设置空气缓冲装置。活塞带动与负载相连的滑块一起在槽内移动，且借助缸体上的一管状沟槽防活塞带动与负载相连的滑块一起在槽内移动，且借助缸体上的一管状沟槽防止产生旋转，为了防泄漏及防尘需要，在开口部采用止产生旋转，为了防泄漏及防尘需要，在开口部采用 聚氨脂密封带和防尘不聚氨脂密封带和防尘不锈钢带，并固定在两端盖上。锈钢带，并固定在两端盖上。n n这种气缸占据的空间小，不需要设置防转动机构。适用缸径这种气缸占据的空间小，不需要设置防转动机构。适用缸径8 880mm80mm，最大行，最大行程在缸径程在缸径=40mm=40mm时可达时可达6m/s6m/s。气

26、缸运动速度高，可达。气缸运动速度高，可达2m/s2m/s。由于负载与活塞。由于负载与活塞是由在气缸槽内运动的滑块连接的，因此在使用中必须考虑其径向和轴向负是由在气缸槽内运动的滑块连接的，因此在使用中必须考虑其径向和轴向负载。辚了增加负载能力，必须增加导向机构。载。辚了增加负载能力，必须增加导向机构。第15页/共23页17磁性气缸磁性气缸第16页/共23页18结构与原理结构与原理n n在活塞上安装了一组高磁性的稀土永久磁环，磁力线通过薄壁缸筒（不锈钢在活塞上安装了一组高磁性的稀土永久磁环，磁力线通过薄壁缸筒（不锈钢或铝合金非导磁材料）与套在外面的另一组磁环作用。由于两组磁环极性相或铝合金非导磁材

27、料）与套在外面的另一组磁环作用。由于两组磁环极性相反，具有很强的吸力。当活塞在两侧输入气压作用下移动时，则在磁力线作反，具有很强的吸力。当活塞在两侧输入气压作用下移动时，则在磁力线作用下，带动缸筒外的磁环套与负载一起移动。在气缸行程两端设有空气缓冲用下，带动缸筒外的磁环套与负载一起移动。在气缸行程两端设有空气缓冲装置。装置。n n特点：小型，重量轻，无外部空气泄漏，维修保养方便。当速度快、负载大特点：小型，重量轻，无外部空气泄漏，维修保养方便。当速度快、负载大时，内外磁环易脱开，即负载大小受速度影响，且磁性耦合的无杆气缸中间时，内外磁环易脱开，即负载大小受速度影响，且磁性耦合的无杆气缸中间不可

28、能增加支承点，最大行程受到限制。不可能增加支承点，最大行程受到限制。第17页/共23页19Symbols of Symbols of actuatorsactuators第18页/共23页20气缸的选择气缸的选择1.1.缸径：选用标准缸径缸径：选用标准缸径2.2.行程：选用标准行程（比实际行程要长）行程：选用标准行程（比实际行程要长）3.3.工作压力：通常，在压缩空气进入气动装置前都设置工作压力：通常，在压缩空气进入气动装置前都设置气动三联件，从气源管路通过分歧管，从压力表上显气动三联件，从气源管路通过分歧管，从压力表上显出的压力即为气动三联件的输入压力（一次压力）。出的压力即为气动三联件的输

29、入压力（一次压力）。为保证减压阀能正常工作，输入压力应高于输出压力为保证减压阀能正常工作，输入压力应高于输出压力1bar1bar。4.4.活塞杆的连接：活塞杆与工件之间的连接宜采用柔性活塞杆的连接：活塞杆与工件之间的连接宜采用柔性连接，用来补偿轴向或径向偏差以及与气缸在一个平连接，用来补偿轴向或径向偏差以及与气缸在一个平面上实现摆动边接。如：面上实现摆动边接。如：Y Y形带销接头、关节轴承接形带销接头、关节轴承接头、自对中球铰接头、连接法兰。头、自对中球铰接头、连接法兰。5.5.气缸安装方式：采用脚架式、法兰式安装时，应尽量气缸安装方式：采用脚架式、法兰式安装时，应尽量避免安装螺栓本身直接受推力或拉力负荷，同时要使避免安装螺栓本身直接受推力或拉力负荷，同时要使安装底座有足够的刚性；尾部挂中间摆动式；中间轴安装底座有足够的刚性；尾部挂中间摆动式；中间轴销摆动式。销摆动式。第19页/共23页21做完实验做完实验,请各位整理请各位整理实验柜实验柜!Thanks!第20页/共23页22第21页/共23页23第22页/共23页