Unit3Theblastfurnaceplant剖析

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1、Unit3TheblastfurnaceUnit3Theblastfurnaceplantplant剖析剖析Vocabulary1comprise包括，由包括，由组组成成2bunker料料仓仓3hopper漏斗，料斗漏斗，料斗4cast house出出铁场铁场5hot stove(cowper)热风热风炉炉6slim细长细长的的7tulip喇叭形喇叭形8silhouette轮轮廓廓9truncated截短了的截短了的10cylinder圆圆筒，筒，圆圆柱体柱体11cone锥锥体体12piling打打桩桩，打，打桩桩工程工程13throat(炉炉)喉喉14belly炉腰炉腰15bosh炉腹炉腹1

2、6composite复合的，合成的复合的，合成的17plug炉底炉底彻块彻块，塞子，塞子18slag volume渣量渣量2023/5/312SMM,NEUVocabulary19practice实际实际操作操作20blow-in开炉开炉21be referred to as叫作，称叫作，称为为22notch出口，槽口出口，槽口23iron notch铁铁口口24slag notch渣口渣口25emergency紧紧急情况，突然事件急情况，突然事件26critical关关键键性的，性的，紧紧要的要的27parameter参数参数28stack炉身，堆，一堆炉身，堆，一堆29ceramic陶瓷的

3、陶瓷的30cylindrical圆圆柱柱(形，体形，体)的的31stockline料料线线32offtake煤气煤气导导出管，排气管出管，排气管33density密度密度34copper铜铜35stave板，冷却壁板，冷却壁36content里面的里面的东东西西2023/5/313SMM,NEUVocabulary37evenly均匀的均匀的38dump倾倾卸，卸，倾倾倒倒39double bell双料双料钟钟40arrangement装置，配置装置，配置41cooling plate冷却板冷却板42external外部的，外面的外部的，外面的43undertake进进行，从事行，从事44be

4、lt皮皮带带45skip料料车车46distribute分配，分布分配，分布47bell-less无料无料钟钟的的48seal密封密封49rotating chute旋旋转转溜槽溜槽50liquid液体液体(n)；液体的，液；液体的，液态态的的(adj)51float飘飘浮，漂浮浮，漂浮52skimmer撇渣器撇渣器53pool池池54dam堤，堤，坝坝2023/5/314SMM,NEUVocabulary55separate分开，隔离分开，隔离56runner流槽流槽57iron runner铁铁沟沟58trench沟槽，沟道沟槽，沟道59facility设设施，施，设备设备60pit池，深

5、坑池，深坑61slag pit渣池渣池62be adjacent to接近接近63steel plant钢钢厂厂64water spray喷喷水水65slag ladle渣罐渣罐66transport传传送，运送，运输输67remote遥遥远远的，的，边远边远的的68taphole出出(铁铁，钢钢，渣，渣)口口69taphole drill开开(铁铁)口机口机70mudgun泥炮泥炮71blower house鼓鼓风风机室机室72blend混合混合2023/5/315SMM,NEUVocabulary73hot blast main热风热风管管74mixer line混混风风管管75ring

6、main bustle热风围热风围管管76encircle环绕环绕，围绕围绕，包，包围围77deliver输输送送78exit排出，离去排出，离去79duct管，管，导导管管80tuyere风风口，口，风风嘴嘴81uptake上升管上升管82downcomer下降管下降管83bleeder分分压压器，放散器，放散阀阀84pressure relief valve减减压阀压阀，溢流，溢流阀阀85scrub使使(空气空气)净净化，擦洗化，擦洗86particulate微粒的微粒的87trough沟，槽沟，槽88concrete混凝土混凝土89hoist升起，提起升起，提起90chute斜槽，滑道斜

7、槽，滑道2023/5/316SMM,NEUText A complete blast furnace plant(see the figure below)consequently comprises many components.The most important of these are:the blast furnace,bunkers,charging equipment,the cast house,hot blast stoves,top gas removal and cleaning equipment.1 stockhouse;2 scale car/skip syste

8、m;3 system of“bells”or a chute bell-less top;4 offtakes;5 uptakes;6 downcomer;7 bleeders;8 dust catcher;9 gas cleaning system;10 the water gas“stove stack”;11 hot blast main;12 mixer line;13 ring main bustle pipe;14 tuyeres;15 cast house;16 trough;17 iron runner;18 slag runner.2023/5/317SMM,NEUText1

9、.The blast furnace1.The blast furnace The blast furnace is a continuously working shaft furnace.In its original form,it was slim and tulip shaped.Today,its silhouette consists of truncated cylinders and cones.Blast furnace is a large refractory-lined steel vessel and the entire furnace requires cool

10、ing.The following is an introduction to the parts and functions of a modern blast furnace.The furnace is built on a foundation of pilings and concrete to support the furnace and burden.The inside profile of the blast furnace is termed(from top to bottom)furnace throat,shaft,belly,bosh,and hearth(see

11、 the figure in the next slide).2023/5/318SMM,NEUTextThe lower portion of the furnace is called the hearth.The hearth comprises carbon side wall and a central composite plug.One or more iron notches are located above the hearth,and the molten iron and slag are removed through them.Above the iron notc

12、h is the slag notch.With modern low slag volume practice,the slag notch is typically for blowing-in or emergency use only.The portion above the hearth is the bosh,and the bosh angle is a critical parameter in the design of the furnace.The belly of the widest point can be cooled by a variety of metho

13、ds.The bosh and stack usually have ceramic lining.The throat is cylindrical and is referred to as the stockline section.The top of the furnace directs the gas to the offtakes.2023/5/319SMM,NEUText The modern blast furnace has much cooling equipment,such as,high density copper cooling plates,cast-iro

14、n stave coolers,and external shower cooling,etc.Using water-cooling process at higher smelting temperature aids in maintaining the furnace shape and structure.The design of the cooling system and refractory should be undertaken together.2.Bunkers or hoppers and charging equipment2.Bunkers or hoppers

15、 and charging equipment Raw material from the sinter and coke plants are fed to a system of bunkers,where sinter,pellets and coke are screened and weighted before being charged via a belt system or the skip car.The method of feeding the charge into the furnace is somewhat complicated,the object bein

16、g to avoid wasting any of the blast furnace gas and to distribute the contents of the furnace evenly.The charge is hoisted to the top of the furnace and dumped on to a double bell and the hopper arrangement.The small bell then opens,admitting the charge onto the large bell.The small bell then closes

17、;preventing gas from escaping when the large bell opens into the blast furnace.A recent development is the bell-less top in which the charge is distributed from sealed bunkers at the furnace top by means of a rotating chute.2023/5/3110SMM,NEUText3.The cast house3.The cast house Liquid slag will floa

18、t on the iron and is separated from the iron by the“skimmer”after tapping.Molten iron flows under the skimmer into an iron pool and then over the“iron dam”to the iron runner.The slag held upstream of the skimmer flows over a slag dam to the slag runner.The iron and slag runner systems are also refra

19、ctory-lined trenches.The molten iron is delivered to a series of refractory-lined hot metal cars for transportation to the steel plant.The molten slag usually goes directly to slag pits adjacent to the casthouse,where it is cooled with water sprays.Some facilities lacking the space for local pits us

20、e slag ladles to transport the slag to remote pits.There are two critical pieces of equipment in the casthouse:the taphole drill and the mudgun.The taphole drill is used to open the taphole.The mudgun is used to plug the taphole at the end of cast.2023/5/3111SMM,NEUText4.Hot blast stoves and blast p

21、ipes4.Hot blast stoves and blast pipes Clean cold blast air is supplied from a blower house to the hot blast stoves.Each blast furnace has three or four hot blast stoves.The air is heated as it passes through the stoves to the“hot blast main”.A“mixer line”delivers a portion of the cold blast air to

22、blend with the hot blast air to maintain a constant hot blast temperature to the furnace throughout each stove cycle.The hot blast main connects with a“ring main bustle pipe”which encircles the furnace.From the bustle pipe,the hot blast is delivered to the furnace through a series of evenly spaced n

23、ozzles called“tuyeres”.2023/5/3112SMM,NEUText5.Top gas removal and cleaning equipment5.Top gas removal and cleaning equipment The gas produced by the ironmaking process exits from the top of the furnace and is delivered to the gas cleaning system via a series of refractory-lined ducts referred to as

24、“offtakes”,“uptakes”,and the“downcomer”.At the top of the uptakes are a series of pressure relief valves called“bleeders”.The downcomer delivers the dust-laden gas to the“dustcatcher”which will remove about 60%of the particulate matter in the gas.The gas then passes to a“gas cleaning system”which wi

25、ll scrub the gas,removing 99.9%of the remaining particulate.At this point,the gas is a suitable fuel for the stoves and other areas.2023/5/3113SMM,NEUQuestions1.What are the important components of the blast furnace plant?2.What is the lower portion of the blast furnace?3.Does the modern blast furna

26、ce have much cooling equipment?4.What critical pieces of equipment are there in the casthouse?5.What will float on the iron and is separated from the iron by the“skimmer”after tapping?6.How many hot blast stoves does each blast furnace have?2023/5/3114SMM,NEUExercisesI.Translate the following expres

27、sions into English.I.Translate the following expressions into English.1.高炉车间高炉车间 2.出铁场出铁场 3.热风管热风管 4.炉身炉身 5.炉腹角炉腹角 6.撇渣器撇渣器 7.导出管导出管 8.铁沟铁沟 9.渣池渣池 10.泥炮泥炮 11.除尘器除尘器 12.无钟炉顶无钟炉顶 13.铁口铁口 14.旋转溜槽旋转溜槽 15.皮带系统皮带系统2023/5/3115SMM,NEUExercisesII.II.Fill Fill in in the the blanks blanks with with the the wor

28、ds words from from the the text.text.The The first letter of the word is given.first letter of the word is given.1.A complete blast furnace p_ consequently comprises many components.2.The lower portion of the furnace is called the h_.3.The b_ is the wildest point of the furnace,it can be cooled by a

29、 variety of methods.4.The small bell opens,admitting the charge onto the large b_.5.Molten iron and slag produced in the blast furnace are removed and separated in the c_.6.There are two critical pieces of equipment in the casthouse:the t_ drill and the m_.7.The modern blast furnace has much c_ equi

30、pment,such as high density copper cooling plates,cast-iron staves,external cooling channels,or shower cooling etc.8.The hot blast main connects with a ring main“b_ pipe”which encircles the furnace.9.The gas produced by the ironmaking process exits from the top of the furnace and is delivered to the

31、gas c_ system via a series of refractory-lined ducts referred to as“offtakes”,“uptakes”,and the“downcomer”.10.Blast furnace is a large refractory-lined steel v_ and the entire furnace requires cooling.2023/5/3116SMM,NEUExercisesIII.Fill in the blank with the words listed below.III.Fill in the blank

32、with the words listed below.notch support bleeders undertaken ceramic skimmer double plug1.The furnace is built on a foundation of pilings and concrete to _ the furnace and burden.2.Above the iron notch is the slag _.3.Between the bosh and lower stack usually has a _ lining.4.The design of the cooli

33、ng system and refractory should be _ together.5.The charge is hoisted to the top of the furnace and dumped onto a _ bell and hopper arrangement.6.Liquid slag will float on the iron and is separated from the iron by the _ in the casthouse.7.The mudgun is used to _ the taphole at the end of the cast.8

34、.At the top of the uptakes are a series of pressure relief valves called _.2023/5/3117SMM,NEUExercisesIV.IV.Decide Decide whether whether the the following following statements statements are are true true(T)or false(F).(T)or false(F).1.The inside profile of the blast furnace is termed(from top to b

35、ottom)furnace hearth,shaft,belly,bosh and throat.()2.Liquid slag will float on the iron and is separated from the iron by the“skimmer”in the casthouse.()3.The molten iron is delivered to a series of refractory-lined hot metal cars for transportation to the steel plant.()4.Each blast furnace has one

36、hot blast stove.()2023/5/3118SMM,NEUExercisesV.Translate the following English into Chinese.V.Translate the following English into Chinese.The total amount of water used by the iron and steel industry is great.In the following paragraphs,some specific uses of water in blast furnace are discussed.The

37、 blast furnace requires very large amounts of water for its efficient operation,notably for cooling various parts of the furnace and its auxiliaries.For example,cooling water circulates constantly through the tuyeres,cinder notch,hearth staves,bosh,inwall cooling plates,and stove valves.Gas washing,to remove dust from the gases leaving the top of the furnace,requires considerable water,and additional quantities are used for slag granulation and other purposes.2023/5/3119SMM,NEUThank you!Thank you!2023/5/3120SMM,NEU