英语中考点讲解和训练

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1、1.名词考点讲解和训练12.形容词、副词考点讲解和训练53.动词考点讲解和训练124.代词考点讲解和训练265.冠词、数词考点讲解和训练286.介词、连词考点讲解和训练337.宾语从句考点讲解和训练398.定语从句考点讲解和训练429.状语语从句考点讲解和训练4610.主谓一致考点讲解和训练5011.短语动词和句型考点讲解和训练5412.交际用语考点讲解和训练6313.单项填空考点讲解和训练6914.完型填空考点讲解和训练7515.阅读理解考点讲解和训练8516.短文填空考点讲解和训练9917.补全对话考点讲解和训练10018.书面表达考点讲解和训练10019.英语句子的考点集汇，讲解和训练1

2、081.名词考点讲解和训练【考点直击】1.可数名词和不可数名词的用法2.名词所有格的构成及用法3.近义名词的辨析【名师点睛】一、名词的数1.单数和复数:可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下:(1)一般情况在词尾加-S,例如:book-*books girl-*girls,boy-*boys penpens,doctorf doctors,boy-boys(2)以s,x,ch,s h,结尾的词加-e s,例如：bus-*buses,class-*classes,box-*boxes,watchwatches,brush-*brushes(3)

3、以 ce,se,ze,(d)ge 结尾的名词加 s,例 如:orange-orangeso(4)以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如：city-cities,factory-factories,countrycountries,familyf families.但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数 形式只加 s,如：boy-*,boys,day-*days(5)以 o 结尾的词多数都加-es。例如：herof heroes,potato-*potatoes,tomato-*tomatoes,但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s.例如：zoozoos,rad io-*radio

4、s,还有某些外来词也 只 力 口-s,例如：photophotos,pianopianos(6)以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v再加-e s,例如：knifeknives,leaf-*leaves,half-halves复数词尾s(或e s)的读音方法如下表所示.复数词尾s(或e s)的读音方法词何等清辅音后一maps,cats,desks,cakes,z,sh,ch,es等元音后noses,pages,oranges,buses,watches,facesb,d,g，M，r 等浊辅音后dogs,cities,knives(7)少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：man-men,woman-wo

5、men,toothTeeth,foot-feet,child children,mouse mice【注意】与 man和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women.例如：an Englishman,two Englishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；man,woman等作定语时，它的单复数以 其所修饰的名词的单复数而定，如：men workers,women teacherso有个别名词单复数一样,例如：Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish等。但当fish表示不同种类的时，可以加复数词尾。(8 单数形式但其意为复数

6、的名词有：people,police等。(9)数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式，中间加连字符。ten-minutes*walk,an 8-year-old girl,a ten-mile walk(10)还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：trousers,clothes,chopsticks,glasses,goods,ashes,scissors,compasses(1 1)只用作单数的复数形式的名词有：科学名词：physics,mathematics/maths 游戏名称：bowls专有名词：the United States,Niagara Falls 其他名词：news,fall

7、s2.不可数名词“量”的表示方法：在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念，可以用以下两种方法：(1)用 much,a little,a lot of/lots of,some,any 等表示多少，例如:The rich man has a lot of money.There is some milk in the bottle.Is there any water in the glass?I dont like winter because theres too much snow and ice.（2）用 a piece o f 这类定语，例如：a piece of paper a

8、piece of wood a piece of breada bottle of orange a glass of water（milk）a cup of teaa cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数，例如：two cups of tea four pieces of paper three glasses of water不可数名词也可用a lot of,lots of,some,any,much等来修饰。二、名词的所有格：名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。1.表示

9、有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加s,其复数形式是s,例如：a students room,students*rooms,fathers shoes.2.如其结尾不是s 的复数形式仍加s,如：Childrens Day.3.在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用s,例如：a twenty minutes walk,ten miles journey,a boats length,two pounds*weight,ten dollars wortho4.无生命名词的所有格则必须用 of 结构,例如:a map of China,the end of this term

10、,the capital of our country,the color of the flowers5.双重所有格，例如：a friend of my fathers【注意】如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s,则表示“分别有”，例如：Johns and Mary，s rooms（约翰和玛 丽各有一间，共两间）；Toms and Mary,s bikes（两人各自的自行车）。两个名词并列,只有个s,则表示“共有”,例如：John and Marys room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；Tom and Marys mother（即 Tom 与 Mary 是兄妹）【实例解析】1.These have s

11、aved many childrens lives.A.woman doctors B.women doctor C.women doctors D.woman doctor答案：C。该题考查的是名词作定语时的变化。woman作定语时要和被修饰的名词保持数的一致。2.This is bedroom.The twin sisters like it very much.A.Anne and Jane B.Annes and Janes C.Annes and Jane D.Anne and Janes 答案：D o 该题考查的是并列名词的所有格。两人共有一个房间时，只在后面的名词后加s。3.Ar

12、e there any on the farm?-Y es,there are some.A.horse B.duck C.chicken D.sheep答案：D o该题考查的是特殊名词的复数形式。从谓语动词来判断，主语应该是复数名词。只有sheep可 用作复数名词。4.What would you like to dr i nk,or orange?Orange,please.A.hamburger B.chip C.tea答案：C o 该题考查的是名词的类别。三种东西中只有tea能喝,【中考演练】一.单项填空1.-Where have you been,Tim?-Ive been to.A

13、.the Henry house B.the Henry family C.The Henr/s home D.Henrys2.In England,if is in the middle of the day,the evening meal is called supper.A.food B.lunch C.breakfast D.dinner3.You looked for it twice,but you havent found it.Why not t ry.A.three times B.a third time C.the third time D.once4.They are

14、 thirsty.Will you please give t hem?Certainly.A.some bottles of waters B.some bottles of water C.some bottle of water D.some bottle of waters5.Mike hurt one of his in the accident yesterday.A.tooth B.feet C.hand D.ear6.There is some on the plate.A.cakes B.meat C.potato D.pears7.In England,the last n

15、ame is the.A.family name B.middle C.given name D.full name8.The are going to fly to Beijing.A.Germen B.Germany C.Germanys D.Germans9.The has two.A.boys;watches B.boy;watch C.boy;watches D.boys;watch10.The little baby has two already.A.tooth B.tooths C.teeth D.teeths11.Whafs your for being late again

16、?A.idea B.key C.excuse D.news12.-Its dangerous here.Wed better go out quickly.But I think we should let go out first.A.woman and children B.women and childC.woman and child D.women and children13.You can see Mr.Smith if there is a sign on the door of his shop.-Thanks.A.ENTRANCE B.BUSINESS HOURS C.TH

17、IS SIDE UP D.NO SMOKING14.Are they going to have a picnic on?A.Childrens Day B.Childrens Day C.Childrens Day D.Children Day15.Where are the students?Are they in?A.the Room 406 B.Room 406 C.the 406 Room D.406 Room二.根据下列句子的情景及所给汉语注释，写出所缺单词。1.Weve got a lot of new（杂志）in our school library.2.Please turn

18、 to anot her（频道）,I dont like this show.3.Yesterday the（航班）to London was put off because of the bad weather.4.Autumn is my favourite（季节）5.-H ow many 刀）do you have?Three.6.are widely used in the modern world.7.June 1st is（儿童）Day.8.Mary,would you please tell me your new（地址）so that I can write to you.9.

19、Does this piece of（音乐）sound nice?Yes.Its wonderful!10.May 12th is the I n t e r n a t io n a l（护士）Day.Lets say“Thanks”to them for their work.三.根据句意和所给首字母写出所缺的单词。1.“Whats your n?”“Li Lei.”2.How many d does your uncle have?3.Please close the w.I t s cold outside.4.If you want study English well,you mu

20、st pay attention to your p.5.A computer is one of the greatest i in the world.6.Zhang Hui is very excited.He will go to Japan with his p during the Spring Festival.7.At the a of seven,the lonely girl had to work to make living.8.Ifs only about an h flight from Qingdao to Beijing by air.9.Health is m

21、ore important to me than m.10.Be careful!Ifs d to run across the street now.【练习答案】一.1.D2.B3.B4.B5.B 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.B二.1 .magazines 2.Channel 3.flight 4.season 5.knives 6.Computers 7.Childrens 8.address 9.music 10.Nurses三.l.name 2.daughters 3.window 4.pronunciation 5.inve

22、ntions 6.parents 7.age 8.hours 9.money 10.dangerous2.形容词、副词考点讲解和训练【考点直击】1.形容词的用法；2.副词的用法；3.形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法；4.形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。【名师点睛】1.形容词的用法（1）形容词在句中作定语，表语，宾语补足语。例如：Our country is a beautiful country.（作定语）The fish went bad.（作表语）We keep our classroom clean and tidy.（作宾语补足语）（2）形容词修饰somelhing,anythi

23、ng,nothing,everything等不定代词时，形容词放在名词后面。I have something important to tell you.Is there anything interesting in the film.（3）用 an d 或 o r 连接的两个形容词作定语时般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。Everybody,man and woman,old and young,should attend the meeting.You can take any box away,big or small.（4）the+形容词表示一类人或物The rich

24、 should help the poor.2.副词的用法（1）副词在句中可作状语，表语和定语。He studies very hard.（作状语）Life here is full of joy.（作定语）When will you be back?（作表语）副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：1）时间副词时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有：now today,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always 等。例如：He often comes to school

25、late.What are we going to do tomorrow?He is never been to Beijing.2）地点副词地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：here,there,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,on,in,out 等。例如：I met an old friend of mine on my way home.He went upstairs.Put down your name here.3

26、）方式副词方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的?”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由个形容词加词尾-ly构成的，有少数方 式副词不带词尾-ly,它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously,badly,bravely,calmly,carefully,proudly,rapidly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight,wide 等。例如：The old man walked home slowly.Please listen to the

27、 teacher carefully.The birds are flying high.He runs very fast.4）程度副词程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much,（a）Httle,a bit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,completely,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly,partly 等。如：Her pronunciation is very good.She sings quite well.I can hardly agree wi

28、th you.5）疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：how,when,where,why等。例如：How are you getting along with your studies?Where were you yesterday?Why did you do that?（2）副词在句中的位置1）多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如：Mr Smith works very hard.She speaks English well.2）频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。例如：He usually get

29、s up early.Ive never heard him singing.She is seldom ill.3）程度副词般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面，但 enough作副词用时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。It is a rather difficult job.He runs very fast.He didnt work hard enough.4）副词作定语时，般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如：On my way home,I met my uncle.The students there have a lot time to do their own research work.部分

30、常用副词的用法1)very,much这两个副词都可表示“很“，但用法不同。Very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而 much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如：She is a very nice girlIm feeling much better now.Much可以修饰动词，而 very则不能。例如：I don?t like the idea much.They did not talk much.2)too,either这两个副词都表示“也 ，但 to。用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：She can dance,and I can dance,too.I havent read

31、 the book and my brother hasnt either.3)already,yetalready 一般用于语肯定句，yet 一般用于否定句。例如：He has already left.Have you heard from him yet?He hasnt answered yet.4)so,neitherso和 neither都可用于倒装句，但 so 表示肯定，neither表示否定。例如：My brother likes football and so do I.My brother doesnt like dancing and neither do I.3.形容词

32、和副词的比较级和最高级(1)两个人或事物的比较时(不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物)，用比较级。Our teacher is taller than we are.The boys in her class are taller than the boys in your class.(2)m ost同形容词连用而不用the,表示 极，很，非常，十分”。Its most dangerous to be here.在这儿太危险。(3)”The+形容词比较级.,the+形容词比较级”表 示 越 就越The more you study,the more you know.(4)”形容词比较级+a

33、n d+形容词比较级,表 示 越来越，Its getting hotter and hotter.(5)主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。This box is as big as mine.(6)the+形容词 表示某种人。He always helps the poor.(7)形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.【实例解析】1.Which is,the sun,the moon or the earth?Of course the moon i

34、s.A.small B.smaller C.smallest D.the smallest答案：D o 该题考查的是形容词的比较等级的用法。因为是太阳，地球和月亮三者进行比较，选用形容词的 最高级，而且最高级之前要加定冠词the。所以选D。2.He has made progress this term than before.A.little B.less C.fewer D.much答 案 B o 该题考查的是形容词比较等级的用法。因为是现在和过去进行比较，所以要用比较级，又因为是修 饰不可数名词，只能用less,而不能用fewer。3.What delicious cakes!-They

35、 would taste-with butter.A.good B.better C.bad D.worse答案：B o 该题考的是形容词的比较等级。答话人的意思应是“如果加上点黄油，这些蛋糕会更好吃。”就有种比较：加黄油和不加黄油。既然是比较，就要用比较级。因为这里讲的是好吃和更好吃，所以C,D要舍 去，而选better。4.Bob never does his homework Mary.He makes lots of mistakes.A.so careful as B.as carefully as C.carefully as D.as careful as答案：B o 该题考查的

36、是形容词和副词的用法区别。因为该词修饰的是动作“做家庭作业”，所以要用副词。乂 因为表示一方不如另一方要用句型“not as+副词原级+as”，所以只能选B。一.单项填空1 .There are many young trees on sides of the road.A.every B.each C.both D.all2.-Its so cold today.Yes,its than it was yesterday.A.more cold B.more colder C.much colder D.cold3.Little Tom has friends,so he often pla

37、ys alone.A.more B.a little C.many D.few4.She isnt so at maths as you are.A.well B.good C.better D.best5.Peter writes of the three.A.better B.best C.good D.well6.He is enough to carry the heavy box.A.stronger B.much stronger C.strong D.the strongest7.1 bought exercise-books with money.A.a few;a few B

38、.a few;a little C.a little;a few D.a little;a little8.The box is heavy for the girl carry.A.too;to B.to;too C.so;that D.no;to9.The ice in the lake is about one meter.Its strong enough to skate on.A.long B.high C.thick D.widelO.Wu Lin ran faster than the other boys in the sports meeting.A.so B.much C

39、.very D.too11.Jone looks so today because she has got an A in her maths test.A.happy B.happily C.angry D.angrily12.The smile on my father face showed that he was with me.A.sad B.pleased C.angry D.son*y13.Mum,could you buy me a dress like this?-Certainly,we can buy one than this,but this.A.a better;b

40、etter than B.a worse;as good asC.a cheaper;as good as D.a more important;good as14.-T his digital camera is really cheap!-The the better.Tm short of money,you see.A.cheap B.cheaper C.expensive D.more expensive15.If you want to leam English well,you must use it as as possible.A.often B.long C.hard D.

41、soon16.Paul has friends except me,and sometimes he feels lonely.A.many B.some C.few D.more17.English people use Mr.Before a mans first name.A.never B.usually C.often D.sometimes18.-One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May.Right.The government spoke that.A.highly for B.high of C.well

42、 of D.highly of19.Remember this,c h ild r e n.c a r e f u l you a r e,m i s t a k e s you will make.We know,Miss Gao.A.The more;the more B.The fewer;the more C.The more;the fewer D.The less;the less20.1 have to do today.A.anything important B.something important C.important nothing D.important somet

43、hing二.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.My purse was stolen on the bus y e s te r d a y.(F o r tu n a te),there was no money in it.2.Mobile phones a r e(wi d e)used in most of the cities in China.3.He put on his coat and went o u t(q u i c k).4.She i s(g o o d)than Li Ping at swimming.5.A lot Chinese people a r e(p r i

44、 d e)of Yao Ming,a famous basketball star in NBA.6.To our surprise,he suddenly returned on a c o l d(s n o w)night.7.Allie asked m e(p o l i t e)to put the things away.8.Its snowing hard.You must d r i v e(c a r e f u l).9.The earth we live on i s(bi g)than the moon.10.Hainan is a very large island.

45、Ifs the s e c o n d(l a r g e)island in China.三.用适当的形容词或副词填空(首字母已给出)1.A large number of mouths must be fed in those less d countries.2.That evening Beethoven played the music for the girl as well as u.3.Hawaii is f its beautiful beaches.4.He often takes an a part in the sports meeting and he can get

46、 very good results each time.5.The performance was so w-that everyone gave a long and loud applause(鼓掌).6.Jiefang Road is the b street in our city.7.She lay a for hours thinking over her business.8.I like ball games very much,but my f sport is playing basketball.9.The boy is too 1.He doesnt want to

47、do anything.10.The dictionary is very u.It will help you a lot.【练习答案】l.C 2.C3.D4.B5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.B ll.A 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B二.1.Fortunately 2.widely 3.quickly 4.better 5.proud 6.snowy 7.politely 8.carefully 9.bigger 10.largest三.1.developed 2.usual 3.famous 4.active 5.

48、wonderful 6.busiest 7.awake 8.favourite 9.lazy 10,useful3.动词考点讲解和训练【考点直击】1 动词的八种时态的构成及用法2 被动语态的构成及用法3 非谓语动词的构成及用法4 近义动词的用法区别【名师点睛】1.动词的时态英语时态用共有十六种时态，其中常用的有8 种，它们是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进 行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。（1）一般现在时的基本用法1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用时间状语：every.,sometimes,at.,on SundayI leave home

49、for school at 7 every morning.2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.3）表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例 J：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。I dont want so much.5）某些动词如 come,go,move,stop,le

50、ave,arrive,be,finish,continue,start 等，在一般现在时句中可用 来表示将来肯定会发生的动作。The train comes at 3 o*clock.6）在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。Ill help you as soon as you have problem.Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him.（2）一般过去时的用法：表示过去某时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组 或从句，如 yesterday,the day before last,las

51、t week,two days a g o等，上卜文清楚时可以不带时间状语。I worked in that factory last year.【注意】1）过去经常反复发生的动作，也可用used to 或 would加动词原形来表达，例如：I used to go fishing on Sundays.2）“used to”也可用于表示过去曾经存在过的状态。例如：This river used to be clean.（3）一般将来时的用法1）表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I shall attend the meeting tomorrow.2）表示将来反复发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：He

52、 will go to see his mother every Saturdays.3）表示将来的意愿，决心，许诺，命令等时常用w ill,征求对方意见，主语是第一人称时，常用shall。I will do my best to catch up with them.Shall I open the door?4）be+going+动词不定式。也是一种将来时句型，表示打算，计划，最近或将来要作的某事。I am going to Beijing next week.5）b e+动词不定式。表示有职责，义务，可能，约定，意图等。There is to be a meeting this afte

53、rnoon.We are to meet the guests at the station.6）be about+动词不定式，表示马上，很快作某事。They are about to leave.（4）现在进行时的用法1）现在进行时的用法表示说话者说话时正在发生或者进行的动作，它注重现在正在进行的动作，而不管动 作从什么时间开始，到什么时间结束。What are you doing now?I am looking for my key.2）现在进行时表示目前段时间内正在进行的动作（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行）。The students are preparing for the exam

54、ination.3）某些动词的现在进行时可以表示即将发生的动作，这些动词有arrive,come,leave,start等。They are going to Hong Kong tomorrow.【注意】有些动词一般不可以用于进行时态表示状态的动词，尤其是静态动词，如：be,have表示认识、知觉和情感的动词,如：know,think,hear,find,see,like,want,wish,prefer 等。（5）现在完成时的用法1）现在完成时表示在说话之前已经完成或刚完成的动作。I have bought a ten-speed bicycle.They have cleaned the

55、 classroom.2）现在完成时表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，或者还有可能持续下去的动作或状态。现在完成时常与for 和 since引导的短语或从句连用。We have lived here since 1976.They have waited for more than two hours.【注意】一般过去时与现在完成时的区别过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作：现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去 的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响；一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用。试比较：I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了,不涉及现在）I h

56、ave seen this f i l m.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）（6）过去进行时的用法表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。例如：I was watching TV when she came to see me.【注意】过去进行时和一般过去时都是过去发生的事情，但过去进行时侧重表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作或所处 的状态，强调动作的连续进行，而一般过去时则表示单纯的过去事实，例如：They were building a house last m o n th.（上个月正在建造，建造好与否不知）They built a new house last m o n th.（上个

57、月建造好了，动作己经完成）（7）过去完成时的用法过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或所处的状态，过去完成时常和by,before 等词组成的短语和从句连用。We had already learned two thousands words by the end of last year.When we arrived at the station,they had waited for more than twenty minutes.（8）过去将来时的用法过去将来时表从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在地状态，过去将来时较多地被运用在宾语从句中。They were goin

58、g to have a meeting.I told him that I would see him off at the station.2.动词的语态:语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者 为被动语态。（1）被动语态1）被动语态最基本的句型结构是；be+及物动词过去分词2）被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如look after,think of,take care of,work out,laugh at 等，也可用于被动语态。The children were taken good care

59、of by her.【注意】短语动词中的介词或副词变成被动语态时不可遗漏。3）主动语态变为被动语态要加%。”的情况：若宾语补足语是不带t o 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式 前要加t要。此类动词为感官动词,如：feel,hear,help,listen to,look at,make,observe,see,notice,watch等。例如：The teacher made me go out of the classroom.I was made to go out of the classroom（by the teacher）.4）主动形式表示被动意义如 wash,clean,loo

60、k,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell等动词虽然用做主动形式却表示被动的意 义。例如：The food tastes good.3.非谓语动词对非谓语动词的考点是：感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作宾语补足语的用法；一些特殊动 词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带t o,但变为被动语态时就要带to；有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词 ing形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。这些都是历年中考的重点。（1）非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓 语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。（2

61、）不定式作宾语补足语Father will not allow us to play on the street.（3）不定式作目的状语He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.（4）用不定式和分词作补足语都可以的动词这样的动词有感官动词如：see,hear,look,notice,observe,feel 等，使役动词如：have,make,leave,keep,get等。接不定式表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing表示动作的连续性，进行性。I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。（强

62、调 我看见了 这个事实）I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调 我见他正干活 这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（5）用不带to 不定式的情况：使役动词如：let,have,make等和感官动词如：see,watch,hear,listen to,smell,feel,fin d 等后作宾补，省略t。在被动语态中则t。不能省掉。（6）接动名词与不定式意义不同1）stop to d o 停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。stop doing 停止做某事。2）forget to d o 忘记要去做某事。（未做）forget d o in g 忘记

63、做过某事。（已做）3）remember to d o 记得去做某事（未做）remember d o in g 记得做过某事（已做）4）try to do 努力，企图做某事。try doing 试验，试着做某事。5）go on to d o 做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。go on doing 继续做原来做的事。6)mean to do 打算、想mean doing 意味着4,容易混淆的常用动词的辨析(1)say,speak,talk,tell 的用法。1)say表示讲话，作为及物动词使用，后跟宾语或宾语从句。He said he would go there.Its time to leave

64、.We have to say goodbye to you.2)speak表示“讲话”，一般作为不及物动词使用，而有时作为及物动词后面跟上各种语言作为宾语。Do you speak English?May I speak to Mr Pope,please?3)talk表示“谈话”，是不及物动词，与 to,about,w计 h 等连用，才可以接宾语。What are you talking about?Mr Jackson is talking with my father in the office now.4)te ll表示“告诉，讲述”是及物动词，可以带双宾语或复合宾语。She tol

65、d us an interesting story yesterday.My teacher told me that we would have an English exam the next month.(2)look,see,watch 和 watch 的用法。1)look强调“看 这个动作，是不及物动词，常与a t连用，然后接宾语。Look!The girl is swimming in the lake.Look at the picture carefully.Can you find something unusual?2)s e e 指“看见”某物，强调的是结果。They c

66、ant see the words on the blackboard.Does Lily often go to see a film on Sunday?3)watch指的是“观看”，“注视”之意。The twins are watching TV now.He will go to watch a volleyball match.4)read指“看书”、“看报”、“阅读”之意。Dont read in the sun.I like to read newspapers when I am free.(3)borrow,lend 和 keep 的区别。1)borrow意思为“借入”，常常与from连用，是非延续性动词，表示瞬间即能完成的动作。Meimei borrowed a book from the library just now.May I borrow your dictionary?2)lend是“借出”之意，常常与t。连用，同 borrow一样，是非延续性动词，只表示瞬间即能完成的动作。Uncle Wany has lent his car to Mr Li.Cou