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河南机电高等专科学校毕业设计(论文)任务书系 部: 专 业 : 学生姓名: 学 号: 设计(论文)题目: 正装下顶出落料模 起 迄 日 期: 2006年 3月10 日 5 月 10 日 指 导 教 师: 发任务书日期: 2006 年 3 月 10 日 毕 业 设 计(论 文)任 务 书1本毕业设计(论文)课题来源及应达到的目的:模具毕业设计是一个重要的专业教学环节,这个数学环节的目的: (1)帮助学生具体运用和巩固模具设计与制造课程及相关的理论知识,了解设计冲压模的一般程序。 (2)是使学生能够熟练地运用有关技术资料,如冷冲模国家标准、模具设计与制造简明手册、冷冲压模具结构图册及其它有关规范等。 (3)训练学生初步设计冷冲压模具的能力,为以后的工作打下初步的基础。2本毕业设计(论文)课题任务的内容和要求(包括原始数据、技术要求、工作要求等):冲压模课程设计按以下内容进行。 (1)拟定冲压工序安排方案、画出冲压工序图、画出待设计模具的排样图(2)计算冲裁力、确定模具压力中心、计算凹模周界、确定待设计模具的有关结构要素、选用模具典型组合等,初选压力机吨位; (3)确定压力机吨位; (4)设计及绘制模具装配图; (5)设计及绘制模具零件图; (6)按规定格式编制设计说明书; (7)课程设计面批后或答辩。 技术要求: 保证制件的孔心距820.2mm;凸凹模的双面间隙0.0180.024 工作要求: 见河南机电高等专科学校03级毕业设计要求所在专业审查意见:负责人: 年 月 日系部意见:系领导: 年 月 日绪 论模具是机械、汽车、电子、通讯、家电等工业产品的基础工艺装备,属于高新技术产品。作为基础工业,模具的质量、精度、寿命对其他工业的发展起着十分重要的作用,在国际上称为“工业之母”。近十年来,随着国民经济的快速发展,作为工业品基础的模具行业,也得到了蓬勃发展,已成为国民经济建设中的重要产业。据统计,我国(未包括台湾、香港、澳门)现有模具厂已超过1700家,从业人员达60多万人。模具分为冲压模具、热锻模具、塑料模具、铸造模具、橡胶模具和玻璃模具等。其中,冷冲压模具历史悠久、用途广、技术成熟,在各种模具中所占比重最多。汽车、摩托车、家电行业是模具最大的市场,占整个市场的60%以上。例如,一种车型的轿车共需模具4000套,价值达2亿元到3亿元;单台电冰箱需要模具生产的零件约150个,共需模具约350套,价值约400万元;单台彩电大约有150个零件需用模具生产,共需具约140套,价值达700万元。其中所需模具大部分为冷冲压模具。冲压是在室温下。利用安装在压力机上的模具对材料施加压力,使其产生分离或塑性变形,从而获得所需零件的一种压力加工方法。也叫冷冲压.在冲压过程中,将材料加工成零件的一种特殊工艺装配,称为冲压模具。冲模是在实现冲压加工中必不可少的工艺装配,与冲压件是“一模一样”的关系,若没有符合要求的冲模,就不能生产出合格的冲压件:没有先进的模具,先进的冲压成型工艺就无法实现。在冲压零件的生产中,合理的成形工艺、先进的模具、高效的冲压设备是比不可少的三要素。与切削加工相比,冷冲压靠模具和设备完成加工过程,所以具有生产效率高、加工成本低、材料利用率高 、产品一致性好、操作简单、便于实现机械化与自动化等一系列优点。一台普通冲压设备每分钟可生产零件好几十件 ,而高速冲床的生产率可大每分钟数百件甚至上千件。因此,大批量生产的机械、电子、轻工等产品,都大量使用冷冲压零件。在国防方面,飞机、导弹、各种枪支与炮弹等产品中,冷冲压加工的零件比例也是相当大的。随着汽车和家用电器等行业的飞速发展,在工业发达的国家,对发展冷冲压生产给予了高度重视。据近年来的统计,美、日等发达国家的模具工业年产值已经超过机床工业产值的6%12%。由于 冷冲压不需要加热,也不想切削加工那样,将大量的金属切成碎屑而消耗大量能量,所以它是一种节能的加工方法;冲压制品所用的原材料是冶金厂大量生产的廉价的钢板和钢带,在冲压加工中材料表面质量不受破坏,故冲压件的表面质量好,着是任何其他加工方法所不能竞争的。冲压模具作为制造产品(或半产品)的一种工具,其作用是完成某种工艺。模具设计必须满足工艺要求,最终满足产品的形状、尺寸和精度的要求。因此冲压设计师必须掌握冲压工艺,包括冲压工艺的分类、各种工艺计算、工艺制订等基础知识,而后才可以选择模具的类型,进行模具设计,使模具的类型、结构及尺寸等满足工艺及产品的要求。冷冲压工艺大致分两类:分离工序和成型工序。分离工序的目的是在冲压过程中将冲压件与板料按一定的轮廓线进行分离:分离工序又可分为落料、冲孔和剪切等。成型工序的目的是使冲压毛胚在不破坏其完整性的条件下产生塑性变形,并转化成产品所需要的形状:成形工序又分为弯曲、拉深、翻边、翻孔、胀形、扩孔、缩孔和旋压等。冷冲压模具是冲压生产的主要工艺设备。冲压件的表面质量、尺寸精度、生产率以及经济效益等,与模具结构及设计是否合理关系极大。未来冲压模具制造技术发展趋势:模具技术的发展应该为适应模具产品“交货期短”、“精度高”、“质量好”、“价格低”的要求服务。达到这一要求急需发展如下几项:(1) 全面推广CAD/CAM/CAE技术模具CAD/CAM/CAE技术是模具设计制造的发展方向。随着微机软件的发展和进步,普及CAD/CAM/CAE技术的条件已基本成熟,各企业将加大CAD/CAM技术培训和技术服务的力度;进一步扩大CAE技术的应用范围。计算机和网络的发展正使CAD/CAM/CAE技术跨地区、跨企业、跨院所地在整个行业中推广成为可能,实现技术资源的重新整合,使虚拟制造成为可能。(2) 高速铣削加工国外近年来发展的高速铣削加工,大幅度提高了加工效率,并可获得极高的表面光洁度。另外,还可加工高硬度模块,还具有温升低、热变形小等优点。高速铣削加工技术的发展,对汽车、家电行业中大型型腔模具制造注入了新的活力。目前它已向更高的敏捷化、智能化、集成化方向发展。 (3) 模具扫描及数字化系统高速扫描机和模具扫描系统提供了从模型或实物扫描到加工出期望的模型所需的诸多功能,大大缩短了模具的在研制制造周期。有些快速扫描系统,可快速安装在已有的数控铣床及加工中心上,实现快速数据采集、自动生成各种不同数控系统的加工程序、不同格式的CAD数据,用于模具制造业的“逆向工程”。模具扫描系统已在汽车、摩托车、(4) 电火花铣削加工电火花铣削加工技术也称为电火花创成加工技术,这是一种替代传统的用成型电极加工型腔的新技术,它是有高速旋转的简单的管状电极作三维或二维轮廓加工(像数控铣一样),因此不再需要制造复杂的成型电极,这显然是电火花成形加工领域的重大发展。国外已有使用这种技术的机床在模具加工中应用。预计这一技术将得到发展。(5) 提高模具标准化程度我国模具标准化程度正在不断提高,估计目前我国模具标准件使用覆盖率已达到30%左右。国外发达国家一般为80%左右。(6) 优质材料及先进表面处理技术选用优质钢材和应用相应的表面处理技术来提高模具的寿命就显得十分必要。模具热处理和表面处理是否能充分发挥模具钢材料性能的关键环节。模具热处理的发展方向是采用真空热处理。模具表面处理除完善应发展工艺先进的气相沉积(TiN、TiC等)、等离子喷涂等技术。(7) 模具研磨抛光将自动化、智能化模具表面的质量对模具使用寿命、制件外观质量等方面均有较大的影响,研究自动化、智能化的研磨与抛光方法替代现有手工操作,以提高模具表面质量是重要的发展趋势。(8) 模具自动加工系统的发展这是我国长远发展的目标。模具自动加工系统应有多台机床合理组合;配有随行定位夹具或定位盘;有完整的机具、刀具数控库;有完整的数控柔性同步系统;有质量监测控制系统。作为一名未来的模具设计工程师,这次冲压模具的设计,就是我工作前进行模具设计的一次练习,是我对自己三年所学知识的一次综合性运用;使我将所学的知识系统的连贯起来。在老师的指导下,进一步认识到自己的不足,进而加以提高。这次设计使我对冲压模具的设计规程有了更加深入的了解,认识到了冲压模具在社会生产领域中的重要性,这让我对自己所从事的工作充满了自豪感,对自己的以后的工作充满了希望和信心。我以后一定会尽自己最大的努力,在模具制造和设计的这一行业中做出最大的贡献,为我国的模具事业发展奉献自己微薄的力量。由于资料收集不足,文字水平有限,在设计中难免有许多不尽人意之处,还恳请老师给予引导指正。目录绪论插图清单表格清单第1章 设计内容及要求.11.1 制件图、材料及要求.1第2章 冲裁工艺的分析2第3章 主要设计计算33.1 排样方式的确定.33.2 毛胚的确定.33.3 冲裁力的计算 33.3.1 冲裁力 33.3.2 压力中心的确定及相关尺寸的计算4 3.4 工作零件刃口尺寸的计算 5-6第4章 模具总体设计及主要零部件设计 74.1 模具结构的选择 74.2 卸料弹簧的设计与计算 74.3 冲压设备的选择 84.4 模具总体的设计 8 4.4.1 模具类型的选择 8 4.4.2 定位方式的选择 .8 4.4.3 导向方式的选择.8 4.5 主要零部件的设计.8 4.5.1 工作零件的结构设计8 4.5.2 落料凸模的设计.9 4.5.3 落料凹模的设计 9 4.5.4 定位零件的设计.9 4.6 卸料部件的设计10 4.6.1 卸料板的设计11 4.6.2 卸料螺钉的选用11 4.6.3 顶件装置11 4.7 模具总装图.11 4.8 模具工作零件的加工工艺.11第5章 模具的装配与调整.125.1 主要配件的装配.125.1.1 模柄的装配.125.1.2 凸模的装配125.1.3 弹压卸料板的装配.125.2 总装图 135.3 冲裁模试冲的缺陷和调整.13-14第6章 结论.15致谢 16参考文献17附录18 正装下顶出单工序落料模 摘要冲压模具作为制造产品(或半产品)的一种工具,其作用是完成某种工艺。模具设计必须满足工艺要求,最终满足产品的形状、尺寸和精度的要求。因此冲压设计师必须掌握冲压工艺,包括冲压工艺的分类、各种工艺计算、工艺制订等基础知识,而后才可以选择模具的类型,进行模具设计,使模具的类型表面质量、尺寸精度结构及尺寸等满足工艺及产品的要求。冷冲压工艺大致分两类:分离工序和成型工序。分离工序的目的是在冲压过程中将冲压件与板料按一定的轮廓线进行分离:分离工序又可分为落料、冲孔和剪切等。成型工序的目的是使冲压毛胚在不破坏其完整性的条件下产生塑性变形,并转化成产品所需要的形状:成形工序又分为弯曲、拉深、翻边、翻孔、胀形、扩孔等。冷冲压模具是冲压生产的主要工艺设备。冲压件的表面质量、尺寸精度、生产率以及经济效益等,与模具结构及设计是否合理关系极大。关键词: 落料、塑性变形、工艺计算、工艺制订、表面质量、尺寸精度 Just pack a single work preface to fall to anticipate the mold AbstractHurtle a kind of tool of press the molding tool conduct and actions manufacturing product( or the half product), its function is to complete a certain craft. Therefore hurtling to press designer must control to hurtle to press the craft, the classification, various craft calculation, craft that includes to hurtle to press the craft establishes etc. the foundation knowledge, just can choose the type of the molding tool and then, carry on the molding tool design, make the type, structure and size etc. of the molding tool satisfy the request of the craft and product.Cold hurtle to press the craft to divide mostly two type: Separate the work preface and model the work preface. Purpose that separates the work preface is at hurtle to ran over the distance lieutenant general to hurtle to press the piece and planks to anticipate to press certain outline line to carry on the separation: Separating the work preface can is divided in to fall to anticipate again, blunt bore and shear to slice etc. The purpose that models the work preface is to make hurtle to press the hair , the creation transforms under the condition of not break its integrity, and convert the shape that product need: Take shape the work preface and is divided into the flection and pull deep, turn over the side, turn over the bore, bulge form and expand the bore, etc. Cold hurtle to press the molding tool is main craft equipments that hurtles to press to produce. Hurtle the surface quantity, size accuracy, rate of production and the economy performance etc. of press the piece, with the molding tool structure and designs whether the reasonable relation is biggest.Keyword: Fall to anticipate, plastic deformation, the craft calculation, craft establish, surface quantity, size accuracy机械加工工艺过程卡(模具专业冲压模具课题适用)机械加工工艺过程卡片产品型号零(部)件图号02产品名称凹模零(部)件名称 凹模材料牌号 Cr12MoV毛坯种类棒料毛坯外型尺寸140备注凸模配制工序号工序名称工 序 内 容车间工段设备工 艺 装 备工时准终单件1下料140,长65mm金工普通锯床0.52锻造锻方形体,L210,B125 H65金工空气锤13退火消除锻造后的内应力,并改善其加工性能金工74刨(铣)刨成六面体,厚度留余量0.40.6mm金工25平磨磨上下两平面及相邻两侧面,对角尺达到Ra0.631.25金工16划线钳工按型孔及其他安装孔划线金工17钳工钻出穿丝孔金工0.58插(铣)金工9钳工加工螺孔金工210热处理淬火 回火 5862HRC金工711平磨磨上下两平面,表面粗糙度值应小于Ra0.8金工212电火花切割凹模按图样编制切割程序,并将程序打成纸带,将纸带输入计算机金工设计日期审核日期标准化日期会签日期13研光是工作表面光洁金工标记记数更改文件号签字日期标记处数更该文件号河南机电高等专科学校学生毕业设计(论文)中期检查表学生姓名学 号指导教师选题情况课题名称正装下顶出落料模难易程度偏难适中偏易工作量较大合理较小符合规范化的要求任务书有无开题报告有无外文翻译质量优良中差学习态度、出勤情况好一般差工作进度快按计划进行慢中期工作汇报及解答问题情况优良中差中期成绩评定:所在专业意见: 负责人: 年 月 日 河南机电高等专科学校毕业设计(论文)开题报告学生姓名: 学 号: 专 业: 空调垫片的冲裁 指导教师: 2006年5月1日毕 业 设 计(论 文)开 题 报 告1结合毕业设计(论文)课题情况,根据所查阅的文献资料,撰写1500字左右(本科生2000字左右)的文献综述(包括目前该课题在国内外的研究状况、发展趋势以及对本人研究课题的启发):毕 业 设 计(论 文)开 题 报 告1结合毕业设计(论文)课题情况,根据所查阅的文献资料,撰写1500字左右(本科生2000字左右)的文献综述(包括目前该课题在国内外的研究状况、发展趋势以及对本人研究课题的启发):文 献 综 述模具毕业设计是一个重要的专业教学环节,这个教学环节的目的: (1)帮助学生具体运用和巩固模具设计与制造课程及相关的理论知识,了解设计冲压模的一般程序。 (2)是使学生能够熟练地运用有关技术资料,如冷冲模国家标准、模具设计与制造简明手册、冷冲压模具结构图册及其它有关规范等。 (3)训练学生初步设计冷冲压模具的能力,为以后的工作打下初步的基础。一、中国模具的发展现状 改革开放以来,随着国民经济的高速发展,市场对模具的需求量不断增长。近年来,模具工业一直以15%左右的增长速度快速发展,模具工业企业的所有制成分也发生了巨大变化,除了国有专业模具厂外,集体、合资、独资和私营也得到了快速发展。浙江宁波和黄岩地区的“模具之乡”;广东一些大集团公司和迅速崛起的乡镇企业,科龙、美的、康佳等集团纷纷建立了自己的模具制造中心;中外合资和外商独资的模具企业现已有几千家。 随着与国际接轨的脚步不断加快,市场竞争的日益加剧,人们已经越来越认识到产品质量、成本和新产品的开发能力的重要性。而模具制造是整个链条中最基础的要素之一,模具制造技术现已成为衡量一国制造业水平的标准。近年许多模具企业加大了用于技术进步的投资力度,将技术进步视为企业发展的重要动力。一些国内模具企业已普及了二维CAD,并陆续开始使用UG、Pro/Engineer、I-DEAS、Euclid-IS等国际通用软件,个别厂家还引进了Moldflow、C-Flow、DYNAFORM、Optris和MAGMASOFT等CAE软件,并成功应用于冲压模的设计中。以汽车覆盖件模具为代表的大型冲压模具的制造技术已取得很大进步,东风汽车公司模具厂、一汽模具中心等模具厂家已能生产部分轿车覆盖件模具。此外,许多研究机构和大专院校开展模具技术的研究和开发。经过多年的努力,在模具CAD/CAE/CAM技术方面取得了显著进步;在提高模具质量和缩短模具设计制造周期等方面做出了贡献。二、中国模具行业发展前景巨大的市场需求将推动中国模具的工业调整发展。 1999年中国大陆制造工业对模具的总市场需求量约为330亿元,今后几年仍将以每年10%以上的速度增长。对于大型、精密、复杂、长寿命模具需求的增长将远超过每年10%的增幅。 汽车、摩托车行业的模具需求将占国内模具市场的一半左右。1999年,国内汽车年产量为183万辆,。保有量为1500万辆,预计到2005年汽车年产量将达300万辆。汽车、摩托车行业的发展将会大大推动模具工业的高速增长,特别是汽车覆盖件模具、塑料模具和压铸模具的发展。例如,到2005年汽车行业将需要各种塑料件36万吨,而目前的生产能力仅为20多万吨,因此发展空间十分广阔。 家用电器,如彩电、冰箱、洗衣机、空调等,在国内的市场很大。目前,我国的彩电的年产量已超过3200万台,电冰箱、洗衣机和空调的年产量均超过了1000万台。家用电器行业的发展对模具的需求量也将会很大。 其它发展较快的行业,如电子、通讯和建筑材料等行业对模具的需求,都将对中国模具工业和技术的发展产生巨大的推动作用三、未来冲压模具制造技术发展趋势模具技术的发展应该为适应模具产品“交货期短”、“精度高”、“质量好”、“价格低”的要求服务。达到这一要求急需发展如下几项:(1)全面推广CAD/CAM/CAE技术(2)高速铣削加工(3)模具扫描及数字化系统(4)电火花铣削加工(5)提高模具标准化程度(6)优质材料及先进表面处理技术(7)模具研磨抛光将自动化、智能化(8)模具自动加工系统的发展 毕 业 设 计(论 文)开 题 报 告本课题的研究思路(包括要研究或解决的问题和拟采用的研究方法、手段(途径)及进度安排等):一、设计过程具体步骤如下:1.审题目借阅参考书2.工艺分析及工艺方案确定包括对工件外形结构的分析,工件材料的分析及工艺方案的比较选定。3.工艺计算对垫片件的冲压力、卸料力、顶件力的计算。4.模具结构确定5.绘制草图6.模具工作部分尺寸计算主要是落料凹模、落料凸模的主要刃口尺寸的计算。7.拆画零件图除导柱、导套、螺钉、销钉等标准件之外,一切非标准标都需要拆画零件图。8. 绘制正式模具装配图9. 编制工作零件加工工艺10. 编写设计说明书11. 设计总结准备答辩二、实施方案及主要研究手段1. 审题及查阅文献资料;2. 主要结构计算;3. 模具结构设计;3. 利用AutoCAD制图;4. 撰写设计说明书;5. 校对改正准备答辩。 毕 业 设 计(论 文)开 题 报 告指导教师意见:1对“文献综述”的评语:2对本课题的研究思路、深度、广度及工作量的意见和对设计(论文)结果的预测: 指导教师: 年 月 日所在专业审查意见: 负责人: 年 月 日General all-steel punching dies punching accuracy Author:John J. Craig Accuracy of panel punching part is display the press accuracy of the die exactly. But the accuracy of any punching parts linear dimension and positional accuracy almost depend on the blanking and blanking accuracy,. So that the compound mould of compound punchings accuracy, is typicalness and representation in the majority.Analyse of the dies accuracy For the analyse of pracyicable inaccuracy during production of dies to inactivation, we could get the tendency when it is augmentation in most time. From this we could analyse the elements. When the new punch dies pt into production to the first cutter grinding, the inaccuracy produced called initial error; if the die grinding more than twenty times, until its discard, the inaccuracy called conventional error; and before the dies discard, the largest error of the last batch permit, called limiting error. at job site, the evidence to confirm life of sharpening is the higher of the blanking, punched hole or punched parts. Because all finished parts had been blanked ,so it is especially for the compound dies. Therefore, the analyse of burr and measurement is especially important when do them as enterprise standardization or checked with . The initial error usually is the minimal through the whole life of die. Its magnitude depend on the accuracy of manufacture, quality, measure of the punching part, thickness of panel, magnitude of gap and degree of homogeneity. The accuracy of manufacture depend on the manufacture process. For the 1 mm thicked compound punching part made in medium steel, the experimental result and productive practice all prove that the burr of dies which produced by spark cutting are higher 25%30% than produced by grinder ,NC or CNC. The reason is that not only the latter have more exact machining accuracy but also the value of roughness Ra is less one order than the formmer, it can be reached 0.025m. Therefore, the dies initial blanked accuracy depends on the accuracy of manufacture, quality and so on. The normal error of the punch die is the practicable error when the fist cutter grinding and the last cutter grinding before the die produce the last qualified product. As the increase of cutter grinding, caused the measure the nature wear of the dies are gradual increasing, the error of punching part increase also, so the parts are blew proof. And the die will be unused. The hole on the part and inner because the measure of wear will be small and small gradually, and its outside form will be lager in the same reason. Therefore, the hole and inner form in the part will be made mould according to one-way positive deviation or nearly equal to the limit max measure. In like manner, the punching parts appearance will be made mould according to one-way negative deviation or nearly equal to limit mini measure. For this will be broaden the normal error, and the cutter grinding times will be increased, the life will be long. The limit error in punching parts are the max dimension error which practicable allowed in the parts with limit error. This kind of parts usually are the last qualified products before the die discard. For the all classes of dies, if we analyse the fluctuate, tendency of increase and decrease and law which appeared in the dies whole life, we will find that the master of the error are changeless; the error that because the abrade of the cutter and impression will be as the cutter grinding times increased at the same time. And that will cause the error oversize gradually; and also have another part error are unconventional , unforeseen. Therefore, every die s error are composed of fixed error, system error, accident error and so on. At the whole process when the New punching die between just input production to discard, the changeless master error that in qualified part are called fixed error. Its magnitude is the deviation when the die production qualified products before the first cutter grinding. Also is the initial error, but the die have initial punching accuracy at this time. Because of the abrade of parts, the die after grinding will be change the dimension error. And the increment of deviation will oversize as the times of cutter grinding. So the punching accuracy after cutter grinding also called “grinding accuracy” and lower tan initial accuracy. The fixed error depend on the elements factor as followed :1. the material , sorts, structure, (form) dimension, and thick of panel the magnitude of punching gap and degree of homogeneity are have a important effect for the dimension accuracy. Different punching process, material, thick of panel, have completely different gap and punching accuracy. A gear H62 which made in yellow brass with the same mode number m=0.34, 2mm thick and had a center hole, when the gap get C=0.5%t (single edge) , and punched with compound punching die, and the dimension accuracy reached IT7, the part have a flat surface ,the verticality of tangent plane reached 89.5, its roughness Ra magnitude are 12.5m, height of burr are 0.10mm; and the punching part are punched with progressive die, the gap C=7%t (single edge) , initial accuracy are IT11, and have an more rough surface, even can see the gap with eyes. In the usual situation, flushes a material and its thickness t is theselection punching gap main basis. Once the designation gap haddetermined flushes the plane size the fixed error main body; Flushesthe structure rigidity and the three-dimensional shape affects itsshape position precision.2. punching craft and molder structure type Uses the different ramming craft, flushes a precision and the fixederror difference is really big. Except that the above piece gearexample showed, the essence flushes the craft and ordinary punching flushes a precision and the fixed error differs outside a magnitude,even if in ordinary punching center, uses the different gap punching, thefixed error difference very is also big. For example material thickt=1.5mm H62 brass punching, selects C = the 40%t unilateral I kind ofsmall gap punching compared to select C 4mm flushes, the size precision can lower some. Different dies structure type, because is suitable the rammingmaterial to be thick and the manufacture precision difference, causesto flush a fixed error to have leaves. Compound die center, multi-locations continuous type compound die because flushes continuously toduplicate the localization to add on the pattern making error to bebigger, therefore it flushes a fixed error compound punching die to wantcompared to the single location Big 1 2 levels 3. the craft of punching dies manufacture the main work of punching die namely are raised, the concave moldprocessing procedure, to operates on the specification not to behigh, can time form a more complex cavity. But its processing surfaceapproximately is thick 0.03 0.05mm is the high temperatureablation remaining furcated austenite organization, degree ofhardness may reach as high as HRC67 70, has the micro crack, easilywhen punching appears broke the cutter or flaking. The Italian CorradaCorporations related memoir called the line cut the processing contruction to have the disadvantageous influence to the superficialgold, in fact already changed the gold contruction. We must use theJingang stone powder to grind or the numerical control continual pathcoordinates rub truncate (cut to line) to make the precision work . In recent years country and so on Switzerland and Japan, has conductedthe thorough research to the electrical finishing equipment and abigger improvement, makes function complete high accuracy NC and theCNC line cutter, the processing precision may reach 0.005 0.001mm,even is smaller. The processing surface roughness Ra value can achieve0.4 mu m. According to the recent years to the domestic 12 productionlines cutter factory investigation and study, the domesticallyproduced line cutter processing precision different factory differentmodel line cutter might reach 0.008 0.005mm, generally all in0.01mm or bigger somewhat, was individual also can achieve0.005mm, the processing surface roughness Ra value was bigger than1.6m. However, the electrical finishing ablation metal surface thus the change and the damage machined surface mental structure character can not change, only if with rubs truncates or other ways removes this harmful level. Therefore, merely uses electricity machining, including the spark cutting and the electricity perforation, achieves with difficulty punching, especially high accuracy, high life punching die to size precision and work components surface roughness Ra value request. With precisely rubs truncates the law manufacture punching die, specially makes the high accuracy, the high life punching die, such as: Thin material small gap compound punching die, multi- locations continuous type compound die and so on, has the size precision high, the work component smachined surface roughness Ra value is small, the mold life higher characteristic. Its processing craft at present changed the electrical fire by the past ordinary engine bed rough machining spark cutting or the electricity puncher rough machining, finally precisely rubs truncates, also from takes shape rubs, optics curve rubs, the manual grid reference rubs gradually filters the continual path grid reference to rub and NC and the CNC continual path grid reference rubs, Processing coarseness may reach 0.001 0.0005mm, the processing surface roughness Ra value may reach 0.1 0.025 mu m. Therefore, with this craft manufacture the die , regardless of the size precision, the work components surface roughness, all can satisfy die, each kind of compound request, the die is especially higher than the electrical finishing craft manufacture scale.4. gap size and degree of homogeneity the flange and other sheet forming sgene rally all must first punching (fall material) the plate to launch the semi finished materials, after also has the forming to fall the material, the incision obtains the single end product to flush. Therefore punching the work, including is commonly used punching hole, the margin, cut side and so on, regarding each kind of sheet pressing partall is necessary. Therefore punching the gap to flushes a out form in chprecision to have the decisive influence. punching the gap small and is even, may cause punching the size gain high accuracy. Regarding drawability, is curving and so on mould, the gap greatly will decide increases flushes the oral area size error and the snapping back. The gapnon-uniformity can cause to flush a burr enlarges and incurs cutting edge the non-uniform attrition. 5. ramming equipment elastic deformation In the ramming process After the punch press load bearing can have the certain elastic deformation. Although this kind of distortion quantity according to flushes the pressure the size to change also to have the obvious directivity, but on the pressing part, mainly is to has the volume ramming archery target stamping, embosses, the equalization, the pressure is raised, the wave, flushes crowds, the shape, the flange, hits flatly, thinly changes draw ability and so on the craft work punching forming flushes, has the significant influence to its ramming aspect size precision From:
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