英语教学法教程unit7 teaching grammar[共54页]

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1、 ZoyeUnit 7 ContentsI.The Role of Grammar in ELTII.Principle of Grammar PracticeIII.Methods to Teach GrammarIV.Categories of Grammar PracticeV.Typical Teaching WaysVI.Tips.The Role of Grammar in ELTDecide whether they are true or false.1)Students need to be given detailed grammar rules if they are t

2、o learn a foreign language successfully.2)Children do not learn grammar rules when they acquire their first language,so they do not need them either when learning a foreign language.FF 3)If students get enough chance to practice using a foreign language,they do not need to learn grammar.l4)Making st

3、udents aware of grammatical information is one of the teaching objectives,allowing students opportunities for using the language is just as important.FTl5)Grammar should be taught to help students analyze difficult structures in texts.l6)Teaching and learning grammar should focus on practice rather

4、than the study of grammar itself.F/TTl7)Grammar should be taught and practiced in context.l8)Knowing grammar is not enough for real communication.TTl9)An inadequate knowledge of grammar would severely constrain ones capacity for effective communication.l10)Grammar is always the most boring bit of la

5、nguage learning.FF/T.Grammar Practice PrinciplelFactors contributing to successful practicel1)pre-learningl2)volume and repetitionl3)success-orientationl4)heterogeneityl5)teacher assistancel6)interest小学英语语法教学的小学英语语法教学的24个字个字l先例后法先例后法l意义领先意义领先l提醒注意提醒注意l点到为止点到为止l随遇随点随遇随点l适时归纳适时归纳(人民教育出版社人民教育出版社 陈力陈力).

6、Methods to Teach GrammarExplicit grammar teachingImplicit grammar teachingMethodsl1)The deductive methodl2)The inductive methodl3)The guided discovery method Grammar Presentation Methods1)The deductive method reason,analyze,compare an example explain the underlying rules produce2)The inductive metho

7、d induce,elicit examples rules3)The guided discovery methodl The process of discovery is carefully guided and assisted by the teacher.l The rules are elicited and taught explicitly.Categories of Grammar PracticelTwo categories:lMechanical practicelMeaningful practicelSubstitution drillslSubstitute t

8、he underlined part with the proper forms of the given words.lMrs.Green has the largest house in town.green lawn clean house pretty garden nice flowerslTransformation drillslChange the following sentences into the past tense.Use the adverbs given in the brackets.lNow he lives in London.(Last year,Par

9、is)lWe have English and maths today.(yesterday,music and P.E.)lHe usually gets up at seven.(this morning,eight)lLook at the table below.Rank the items on the left column according to the criteria listed on the top.cheaphealthytastyfatteningimportantbeerwaterfruitcigarettesalcoholmilk.Typical Teachin

10、g WaysUsing realiaUsing pictures,sketches,diagrams,flashesUsing classical examples Using mime or gestures,actUsing created situationUsing information sheetUsing key phrases or key wordsUsing storiesThe method of perceptionTranslationChants,poems,songsJokesGamesDoggerelA.What would you say if you saw

11、 a ghost in your house?B.Not a word.Id run as fast as I could.A.If you had three apples and ate one,how many would you have?B.Three.Two outside and one inside.Using storieslChain of events:to teach the subjunctive moodlIf I had a million dollars,I would buy a yacht.lIf I bought a yacht,I would go fo

12、r a sail.lIf I went for a sail,there might be a storm.lIf there was a storm,my yacht would sink.lIf my yacht sank,I would die.lIf I died,my parents would cry.Doggerel l我是我是aml你是你是arel is跟着他她它跟着他她它l复数后面用什么，统统都是一个复数后面用什么，统统都是一个are Classical exampleslSheep are always sheep,and deer are deer everywhere.

13、lFish and fish are two fish.Swine and swine are two swine.lIm singing,la la lalIm dancing,bengchachalIm laughing,hahahaHe is reading the newspaper.She is watching TV.They are singing.He is drawing pictures.He is cooking dinner.She is reading a book.lUsing created situationlEg.There was a robbery yes

14、terday in the neighborhood.A policeman was asking some questions to three of the neighbors(A,B,C)to find out what they were doing between 4:006:00 yesterday afternoon.A was at work and came back at 6:30 p.m.,did not see anybody.B was a student who came back at 4:30 p.m.,saw a tall young man going up

15、 stairsC was an old man,stayed at home,heard some strange noise at 5:00 p.m.and came out to find a tall young man.lThe method of perception lIf I say“I have a computer”,you say“I want to use it”,if I say“Theres something wrong with my computer”,you say“I want to repair it for you”.Shall we start?I h

16、ave some money.GameslGuessing gamelSimon sayslChain storylMagic wordslTwenty questionslCounting paperlPass wordsl正话反说正话反说lGuessing gamesl guessing an animall I usually eatl I alwaysl I sometimesl I at nightl I in the daytime,I seldoml From time to time IlI dont very oftenldiagraml the subjunctive mo

17、odl tenseStory makingl The past tensel Toms Yesterdayl ring,open,put on,brush,wash,l listen,read,have,go,take,begin,l give,study,do,eat,play,clean,l walkTranslationl The present continuous tensel The sun is going down behind the The sun is going down behind the mountains.mountains.l The Yellow River

18、 is running to the sea.The Yellow River is running to the sea.l You are climbing a storey higher.You are climbing a storey higher.l You are getting a picture of a You are getting a picture of a thousand li.thousand li.l尔自湖边行，独舞歌自斟，行人掷笑语，尔自湖边行，独舞歌自斟，行人掷笑语，归路夜深沉。归路夜深沉。lYou are walking by the lake.lYou

19、 are singing and dancing while drinking alone.lThe passers-by are laughing at you.lYou are going home late into the night.l 分开分开“一段时间一段时间”，some time表示表示“一段时一段时间间”；l相聚相聚“在某一时在某一时”，sometime表示表示“在某一在某一时时”；l“有时有时”相聚加相聚加s，sometimes表示表示“有时，不有时，不时时”；l“几次几次”分开带分开带s，some times表示表示“几次，次几次，次数数”。ChantlGood,bett

20、er,best,lNever let it rest,lUntil good is better,lBetter is best.lThe SeasonslSpring is green,lSummer is bright,lAutumn is yellow,lWinter is white.lOne little pig went to the market,lOne little pig stayed at home,lOne little pig had roast pig,lOne little pig had none,l And one little pig cried wee,w

21、ee,weelAll the way home.lDown by the ocean,down by the sea,lLittle Johnny broke a bottle and blamed it all on me,lI told ma,ma told pa,lJohnny got spanking and so ha,ha,halHow many spankings did Johnny get,l1,2,3,4,5,6SonglYesterday Once MorelWhere is Thumbkin?lAre You Sleeping?lHow is the Weather?l

22、If You Are Happy.Tipsl1)Teach only those rules which are simple and which do not have too many exceptions.l2)Do not spend too much time on grammar points which do not appear to be very useful or important.Just make the students aware of the special features.l3)Whenever possible,teach grammar in cont

23、ext.l4)When presenting grammar,try to use charts,tables,diagrams,maps,drawings and realia to aid understanding.l5)Avoid difficult grammatical terminology as much as possible.l6)Allow enough opportunities for practice.l7)Do not be frustrated by the students mistakes and errors,which are inevitable in language learning.Thank you!