定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分(学案)

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1、定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分一、定语从句是高中阶段的重点语法项目之一。因此，同学们有必要全面弄清其用法。定语从句从句型上讲，它与六种句式相似，十分容易混淆。为了帮助同学们分清定语从句与这六种句型的差异，现将其分类例析如下。一、定语从句与并列句1用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 MrLihasthreedaughters,noneofisanengineer. MrLihasthreedaughters,butnoneofisadancer. MrLihasthreedaughters；aredoctors.定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于：并列句有像and,but,so等并列连词或两

2、个句子用分号连接,这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。二、定语从句与地点状语从句1. 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使之完整与正确。 Ricedoesntgrowwellthereisnotenoughwater. Istillrememberthefarmmyparentsworkedtenyearsago.定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别在于：定语从句有表示地点的先行词,而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句的关系词根据需要可用“介词+which”来代替where，而地点状语从句则通常只能由where引导。三、定语从句与强调句1. 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 Itisonthem

3、orningofMay1st_ImetLiangWeiattheairport.ItisthefactoryMrWangworks.定语从句与强调句的主要区别在于：强调句的结构为“Itis/was+被强调部分+that+从句”。被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分，当被强调部分是人时，还可用who代替that。这一句型中，一定不能因为被强调部分是表时间或地点的词就用when或where代替that。四、定语从句与结果状语从句1.用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 Ihavethesamecomputeryouhave. Sheissuchakindandfunnygirlallofu

4、sliketomakefriendswithher.定语从句与结果状语从句的主要区别在于（这里只讨论thesame.as/that和such.as/that两种情况）：在这两种情况下，如果as/that既引导从句，同时又在从句中充当一定的成分，则as/that引导的是定语从句。在thesameas/that结构中，用as指一样的，但不是同一个事物；用that指同一物品，五、定语从句与习惯句型1用一个恰当的词完成下列句子。ItisthefirsttimeshehasbeeninShanghai.ItwasthetimeChinesepeoplehadahardlife.六、定语从句与单句1用一个

5、恰当的词完成下列句子。 Themothertoldthelazyboytowork，didnthelp. Themothertoldthelazyboytowork.didnthelp.DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD名词性从句的考点剖析一在句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句二如何判断为名词性从句1充当主语的从句为主语从句。2. 用于及物动词或介词或某些形容词如：afraid,glad,sure,pleased等后为宾语从句。3. 用于系动词后为表语从句。系动词有：e动词；意为.起来的动词，如look,sound,taste

6、,smell.意为“变成”“成为”的动词，女口:turn,become,get,go.等;半系词，如fall,seem,appear,prove,come,keep,stay,remain.等。4. 用于某些抽象名词后，解释并补充前面名词的内容的从句，被叫做同位语从句。同位语从句通常用that引导。但当抽象名词为question,problem时，要用疑问词引导。这些抽象名词为news,word（消息），truth,fact,information,story,thought,wish,hope,desire,idea,order,suggestion,advice,proposal,prom

7、ise,word（诺言），theory,opinion,viewpoint,conclusion,question,problem.三.高考常考考点1. 名词性从句中，若缺少主语或宾语或表语，则用what.reallyinterestedMarywasdancing.（作主语）ThisisweshouldlearnfromComradeLeiFeng.（作宾语）Ourschoolisnolongeritusedtobe.（作表语）2. 名词性从句中，若不缺成分，不缺意义，则用that.that引导主语、表语、同位语从句时，虽不作成分，无意义，但不可省略。hecameheremademevery

8、happy.Ibelieveheisadeterminedperson.Mysuggestionisheshouldbesenttohospital.Heexpressedhisthoughthedoesntagreetotheproject.3. that引导宾语从句时，第一个that可以省，但从第二个that开始不能省.Hesaidtheexhibitionwasexcellentandthathewantedtovisititoncemore.4. if与whether的不同（当“是否”讲时）Whether可引导主语，表语，同位语从句，但是不能。引导宾语从句时以下情况只用Whether:

9、（1）引导介词后面的宾语从句（2）与不定式连用（3）与ornot紧密连用5. 通常情况下，介词后的宾语从句不用that引导，但inthat=because“因为”；exceptthat+句子=exceptfor+n.都表示对前面的整体做相反的部分的补充或修正。6. 所有的从句都使用陈述语序。Couldyoutellmewhatsthematterwithhim?7. whoever,whatever,whichever引导名词性从句（也可引导让步状从，表泛指）。whoever=anyonewho定语从句；whatever=anythingthat定语从句;whichever“任何一个”Youm

10、ustnevergiveyourchildheorshewants.leavestheclassroomlastshouldturnoffthelights.teamwillwinthegameonSaturdaycangetthroughtothenationalchampionship.8. 区分whoever与who引导的名词性从句breaksthelawshouldbepunished.（指人）breaksthelawisunknown.（指事）9. 当it出现充当形式主语或形式宾语时，后常用todo不定式或that从句来充当真主语或真宾语。但 tisuseless/nouse/nog

11、ooddoingsth.做是没有用的没有意义的。 wouldappreciateitifyou如果你我会非常感激的。 hate/dislike/like/loveitwhen我讨厌喜欢的那个时候。如：Ihatepeoplespeakwiththeirmouthfull. canthelpitif条件状语从句如果我也没办法。10. 无论几个疑问词引导一个从句或与一个不定式连用作主语，用单数谓语动词。如：Whenandwherewellgooutforapicnichasntbeendecided.WhenandhowtogotoBeijingisunknown.11. 当Ving或todo及短语

12、或从句作主语时用单数谓语动词，但what从句要具体看。Whatweneedwater.Whatweneedbooks.12. 疑问词+插入语+其它陈述语序插入语通常为：doyouthink/believe/suppose/guess/suggest女口：Whodoyouguessistoblame?WhatdoyousupposehashappenedtoMary?13. who与whomwho在句子中可作主语或宾语或表语;而whom在句子中只作宾语。14. 两个连词碰在一起时，要分清各自的作用。如：Iwonderwhetherwhatyousaidispractical.(whether引导

13、宾语从句到最后；而what引导主语从句到said.)15. doubt或wonder所在的句子为肯定句时，后常用if/whether引导宾语从句；若所在的句子为否定句或疑问句时，后则用that引导宾语从句。16. What名词性从句=allthat定语从句what(=allthat)yousaidisright.17. 问distance,population,price,nationality,height,size,width,length,address等用what.Whatsthepopulationofchina?Whatsyouraddress?18. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气：此处

14、省略，请参阅虚拟语气19. 常考的句型： Thereasonwhy.isthat.的原因是因为.Thereasonhewaslateforschoolwashewasill. AistoBwhatCistoD.A对B的重要性好比C对D的重要性。”如：Wateristofishairistohumanbeings.Engineistomachineheartistohumanbeings. Myhometownisnolongeritusedtobe. Thisiswedisagree./ThatisLuXunoncelived./Thisisthekeytosolvingtheprobleml

15、ies. disappointedmemostwashefailedinthecollegeentranceexams.excitedmemostwasthathewonthespeechcontest.mattersinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice. Thereisno/muchchance/possibilitythat同位语从句。takeitforgranted+that真正宾语从句。类似句型还有：seetoitthat/countonitthat/makeitclearthat/answerforitthat/find/thinkit+形容词+todo

16、不定式Thereisnopointdoingsth.Thereisnoneedtodosth.Thereisnodoubtthat从句。Itisnowonder(that) ItiswellknownthatAsiswellknown,Whatiswellknownisthat Itiscertainthat.Itisuncertainwhether. sb./sth.issaid/considered/thought/reported/believedtohavedonesth. Theoutputthisyearisfivetimeswhatitwasbeforeliberation.四.

17、解题步骤：1翻译句子。2判断出所填的连词引导的是名词性从句。3分析设空所在句子的成分，若少主，宾，表则用what；若不缺成分和意义，则用that;否则据意义选择。4注意所有的从句用陈述语序。巩固练习which/that/who/whose/whom/as/when/where/why1. Thatbankwasopenedlastweekisaverymodernone.2. Anarchitectisapersondesignshousesandbuildings.1. Theisland,isatthemouthoftheriver,isbeingdevelopedasascenicspo

18、t.2. Myson,isasurgeon,isnowinSwedenasavisitingscholar.3. Themanyoushookhandsjustnowisheadofourdepartment.4. Theroommyfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.1. ThatisthebookIreferredtoinmytalk.2.Heisateacherweallhavehighrespectfor.1. Thisisthebestfilmhaseverbeenmade.ThefirstplacewevisitedwastheGreatWall.2. Theonl

19、yfurniturehehadintheroomwasabedandasmalldesk.3. ThatisallIwanttosay.IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?44.5.theyrememberedintheschool.TheytalkedaboutpersonsandthingsIsthereanybookIcanreferto?Whoisthegirl_Whichisthebookisstandingattheschoolgate?youwanttoborrow?leftlegwaslostinthewariswelllookedafter.2.0nthe

20、hillweremapletreesleaveshadturnedred.OnthehillweremapletreestheleavesOnthehillweremapletrees6.1.Theherohadturnedred.theleaveshadturnedred.isclearfromhismanner.Heisateacher,isnatural,shemarriedanAmericanbusinessman.Heusedsuchexpressionshecouldfindinthetexts.TheystayedforthenightinthesameroomIstillrem

21、emberthedaytheyhadoncerented.wefirstmet.Wewillneverforgetthedaywespenttogether.Wewillneverforgerthedayweworkedtogether.ThecityIwasbornisonthenewrailwayline.Iliketotakemyvacationinthemountain,isquietandbeautiful.Iliketotakemyvacationinthemountain,therearemanyplants.Thisisthereasonheleftthecompany.heg

22、aveusforhisaction.hedidthatthing._hasgotajob.B.noneofwhomC.neitherofthemThisisthereasonThisisthereason1.Ihavetwobrothers,A.noneofthemD.neitherofwhom2.Thelibrary,manystudentsoftengotoreadbooks,willberebuilt.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when3.TherearemanyresearchcentersinChinaA.inwhichB.inwhereC.whenD.whichs

23、omeanimalsarebeingstudied.4.IsthisschoolA.which_youstudiedattenyearsago?B.thatC.whereD.theoneareroses.5.Manyflowersarebeingsoldinthemarket,A.mostofwhichB.mostofthemC.mostD.theymostlywasmorethanweexpected.6.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it7.WasitinthezooA.inwhichB.wherehetookma

24、nypicturesoftheanimals?C.whichD.that8.WillyoupleasetellmethewaytotheonlytallbuildingA.thatB.xC.whichD.wherestandsnearthepostoffice?9.Haveyouseenthefilm“Titanic”,_A.itsB.itsC.whoseleadingactorisworldfamous?D.which10.Johnsaidhehadbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,A.heB.thisC.whoD.whichwastrue.B.who11. W

25、hoisthegirlisplayingthepiano?A.that12. ThisisoneofthemostinterestingbooksIhaveread.A.whichB.that13. Ihavedoneallshouldbedone.A.whichC.whomD.whichC.AandBD.themB.thatC.xD.what14. Thefirstplace15. ItwasinthesupermarketB.whichwevisitedwasanoldvillage.A.wheresheboughthernewskirt.A.whereB.thatC.thatC.whichD.inwhichD.inwhich5