时间管理讲义(1)

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1、Time Management How to Manage Your Time More Effectively?How to Make Your Life Successful?1时间管理 如何更有效地管理时间？如何获得成功？2序 工作对时间来讲总是太多 时间管理实际上靠自己 Time management is really self-management.习惯是管理好时间的关键 Habits are the key to good time management.首先应改变您的思维 The first step may be to change your thinking.为了改变您的习

2、惯，您必须认识您的习惯 In order to change your habits，you must also identify them.3？不管你认为你行还是不行，你都是对的Whether you think you can,or whether you think you can t,youre right.4改变习惯和建立工作计划 Changing Habits and Building Action Plans确定你要改变的习惯 Identify the habit you want to change 仔细确立你想要养成的习惯 Carefully define the new h

3、abit you wish to develop尽可能开始新的习惯 Begin the new behavior as strongly as possible在新的习惯牢固建立之前,决不改变 Never deviate from the behavior until the new habit is firmly established 请其他人帮你改变习惯 Ask other people to help you change5完成日常工作和享受生活的12种方法12ways you can accomplish more and enjoy work and life every day1

4、.确立积极的心态2.明确目标3.知道先做什么4.分析你的时间利用5.制定有效计划6.按时间表去做7.排除干扰Develop your?Can do?attitudeClearly establish goalsKnow what to do by prioritizingAnalyze your time useMaster planning for effectivenessKnow when to do things by schedulingControl interruptions 6完成日常工作和享受生活的12种方法8.提高会议效率9.掌握文字工作10.增加团队策略11.克服拖拉作风

5、12.建立团队工作?Improve meeting effectivenessMaster paperworkIncrease delegation strategiesConquer procrastinationDevelop time teamwork7态度介绍Attitudes Introduction时间是一种矛盾，我们永远不会有足够时间，然而我们总会有时间。问题不是时间不够，而是如何管理时间。关键是集中精力干必须的事情而忽略非必须的事情。Time is a paradox.We never seem to have enough time,yet we have all the t

6、ime there is.The problem is not a shortage of time,but how we choose to use the time available to us.The key is to concentrate on the essentials,and ignore the non-essentials.8态度介绍 Attitudes Introduction中国谚语：要有所为和有所不为，生活的哲理在于去粗取精Chinese Proverb:Besides the noble art ofgetting things done,there is th

7、e noble art ofleaving things undone.The wisdom of life liesin eliminating the non-essentials.9态 度关键是如何思考What You Think Is Critical两种类型的人 Internals 内向的人 -坚信能够改变世界 People who believe strongly that they can make a difference in the world.Externals外向的人 -认为不能控制或影响发生的事情，他们只是对环境作出反应，并且总是抱怨所发生的事。A People wh

8、o believe they have no control or influence over the things that happen to them.They simply react to their environment and usually complain about what happens to them.10？意志力的关键是欲望 The key to will-power is want-power.如果你迫切需要，你总会找到解决问题的方法。If you want something strongly enough,you will usually find the

9、 discipline necessary to do it.11Attitude态度避免后悔Avoid Regrets 后悔只是生活的一部分Regrets are just part of life.不可逆后悔和可逆后悔Irreversible regret and Reversible regret 后事不忘，前事之师，单必须认识到我们可以自由改变未来，生活没有回头路，勇往直前。We should look back and learn from the past,but we must always realize that we are free to change the futur

10、e.Life has always one direction,and that is straight ahead.12Attitude态度自我约束Self-discipline Pays Off 知道做什么和单纯去做的不同 Difference between knowing what to do and doing it.成功者和失败者的不同 Difference between winners and losers 实现和梦想的不同 Difference between those who achieve and those who only dream about it 自我约束是以

11、上这些不同的桥梁 Self-discipline is the bridge between these two differences13？如果你停止幻想，马上去做，自我约束就会很容易Self-discipline is easier if you stop thinking about it,and simply do it.14Attitude 态度Self-discipline Pays Off自我约束自我约束指做你应该做的事情，而不管你是否喜欢去做。“Self-discipline is simply doing what you know you should do,regardl

12、ess of whether or not you feel like doing it.15？习惯是成功的关键，获得成功的人要养成做其他人不喜欢做的事情的习惯。Habits are the keys to success.Success people form the habit of doing the things that others dont like to do16？当你选择习惯的时候，还应选择习惯的结果When you choose a habit,you also choose the results of that habit.17？It is not enough to

13、know;You must also act.Knowledge without action is impotent.18？Press on.Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence.19目 标 GoalsSMART 特定的Specific 可衡量的Measurable 可达到的Achievable 实际的Realistic 限时的Timed20目标Goals两种方法Two Approaches 结果 Results 活动 Activities？目标专一的人，善于时间管理，获得更大 成功 People who focus p

14、rimarily on their goals tend to master their time use and accomplish more.21目标 Goals将多个目标联系在一起 Link Goals Together 应将每天、每周、每月和长远目标联系在一起Daily,Weekly,Monthly and Long-Range goals should be linked together.确保短期计划服从于长远目标 Just be sure your short term projects lead to longer term goals.-?对达到长远目标有益吗？Does i

15、t help to accomplish your long-term goals?22Goals 目 标Develop the Results Habit养成重视结果的习惯 一定要养成重视结果的习惯和确定目标后努力完成的生活方式 Focusing on results must become a habit.Setting goals,and striving to reach them must become a way of life.不断扪心自问你所做的事如何帮你达到预期目标Continuously,ask yourself how what you are doing will he

16、lp you achieve your intended results.每天阅读你的长远目标，以便剔除那些琐碎的 Read your long term goals every day,and use them to help sort our all the trivia that comes your way.23Goals 目 标时间就是生命 Time Is Life 时间管理的方式有如其人 The way you spend all your time defines who you are.许多人不能成功的原因是没有追求特定目标，他们只是毫无目的的干这干那，天真的认为事情本身会自由

17、发展，或其他人会关心这些事情。The reason more people are not successful is that they do not pursue specific goals.They simply shift from one activity to another without any focus or purpose,naively assuming that things will take care of themselves or will be taken care of by others.24Goals 目标时间就是生命 Time Is Life人们最

18、为推介的8个方面 Eight broad areas that people value most:家庭Family 事业Career 精神生活Spiritual 社会生活Social Life 经济稳定Financial stability 健康Health 个人发展Personal Development 休闲Leisure？你对生活中时间的分配满意吗？Are you satisfied with the way you distribute your time across all the areas of your life?25目标Goals 树立长远目标，确保你在朝着你真正的目标努

19、力 Determine your long range of goals.Make sure you are aiming at what you really want.确立SMART目标：特定的、可衡量的、可实现的、实际的、限时的 Be sure to set SMART goals:Specific,Measurable,Achievable,Realistic and Timed26Goals目标?不要将你的目标记在心上，把它们写下来 Dont try to keep your goals in your head;write them down.？至少每天阅读一次你的长远目标，你会很

20、易找到剔除琐碎事情的办法 Read your long range goals at least once every day.You will find it easier to sort out all the trivia that comes your way.27Goals目标？你应有短期目标，知道今天做什么，长远目标可以增加短期目标的连续性和意义。You need short range goals to know what to do today.You need long range goals to add continuity and meaning to all your

21、 short range goals.？仔细考虑你的计划，确保达到目的，明确关键步骤，什么时候该做和由谁去做。Consider projects carefully.Make sure they will move you toward your goals.Identify the critical steps,when they should be done and who should do them.28Goals目标？给你的所有计划设定限期，估计所需的时间以确定适当的开始时间，避免最后一分钟匆忙行事 Set deadlines for all your projects.Estima

22、te the time needed and determine the logical starting time to avoid last-minute rush jobs.29Goals目标？Focus on your goals at all times.Constantly ask yourself,“Will what I am doing right now help me achieve my goals?”If the answer is “no”,then switch to something else that will help.时刻专心于你的目标，不断问自己我现在

23、所做的事对达到目标有帮助吗？如果无帮助，则去干有帮助的事。30Goals目标 Be sure you have at least one significant goal every day.Dont quit until you reach your daily goals.Before long you will develop the habit of setting goals and reaching them.每天至少要有一个有意义的目标，不达目的决不罢休。不久你就会养成制定目标和实现目标的习惯。31Goals目标 Write out long range personal goa

24、ls.Strive to balance your time across all aspects of your life.写出个人的长期目标，尽力分配你所有的时间。如果有变，修正目标。当达到目标时，一定再树立新的目标。When conditions change,you may need to modify your goals.And,as you achieve your goals,be sure to set new ones.32Priorities 优先秩序 Often,we prefer to work at tasks that we like or find intere

25、sting.We do this even though these activities may contribute much less to your goals than the more difficult,complex activities.我们常常乐意做喜欢和有趣的工作，而放弃那些对达到目标意义更大却更难更复杂的工作。33Priorities 优先秩序Important and Urgent 重要与紧急 Important things are those that contribute significantly to our objectives-they have hig

26、h value.They tend to have long-term consequences.重要的事指最有目的性、价值很大和有长远影响的事。Urgent things may have only short-term consequences.They may or may not relate to our objectives.They may or may not make significant contributions.紧急指只有短期结果的事，未必与目标有关。34Priorities 优先秩序Important and Urgent 重要与紧急35Priorities 优先秩

27、序Important and Urgent 重要与紧急 One of the key principles for mastering time is to understand that you will always have time for the most important thingsbut not if you fill the day with unimportant things first.Your challenge is to decide what are the most important things,and then to focus on those an

28、d ignore or work around the others.时间管理的关键因素之一是你总是有时间干最重要的事。否则，如果你将不重要的事排得很满，你就不会有时间干最重要的事情。决定哪些是最重要的事，然后专心去干，放弃其他事情。36Priorities 优先秩序The Pareto Principle 柏拉图原理This 80-20 rules can be related to the important-urgent concept.Important but not urgent items are usually part of the 20%that contributes 8

29、0%to your results.二八理论与重要-紧急概念有关。重要但不急的事通常占20，但能达到89的目标。37Priorities 优先秩序Think carefully about what priorities mean to youabout how you decide what is really important.Remember,you will never have time for everything,but you will have time for the most important things.仔细考虑优先秩序对你意味着什么，决定最重要的事情，记住，你永

30、远不会有时间做所有的事情，但你有时间做最重要的事情。38Priorities 优先秩序Most people start with the quick,easy enjoyable things first.Instead,start with the important things first.大部分人从快速、简单和有趣的事干起，但应从最重要的事情干起。Just because something is urgent,doesnt mean its important.Important activities are those which help you achieve your go

31、als.紧急的事不一定是重要的事，能帮助你达到目标的事才是重要的事。39Priorities 优先秩序 Learn to distinguish between important and urgent.学分区分重要和紧急的事 Dont allow trivial things to crowd out the important things.不要让琐碎的事情挤掉重要的事。Dont always do someone elses requests at the expense of your own top priority tasks.Learn when to say no.Do it

32、logically,firmly and tactfully.不要牺牲你自己最重要的事，去干其他人要你干的事，学会什么时候说不，但要合理、坚决和有艺术性。40Priorities 优先秩序 Constantly switching priorities often results from failure to establish priorities in the first place.The best way to set priorities is on the basis of importance.由于没有确定优先秩序造成不断改变优先秩序，最好的办法是根据重要性来确定优先秩序。Do

33、nt constantly switch priorities just because people make loud demands.Be very careful about which squeaky wheels get greased.不要因为他人的干扰不断改变优先秩序，慎重考虑哪个吱吱叫的轮子该擦油。41AnalyzingNo one can really master their time use until they know how they spend their time now.Would you expect a doctor to prescribe a cur

34、e without diagnosing the problem?You cant prescribe good time cures without diagnosing the problem.只有知道如何支配时间的人才能充分利用时间。难道你希望医生在未下诊断前就开药吗？没有明确诊断就不可能得到及时治疗。42Analyzing 分 析Keep a Time Log 建立时间日志 Know time habits in the process.在日志记录过程中，了解你的时间支配习惯。Understanding your time patterns make it easier for you

35、 to know how to create better ones.认识你的时间支配方式，使你知道如何更好支配时间。Help answer the question：Who controls my time?帮助回答:“谁控制我的时间？”Recording a time log is the best way to discover exactly how you spend your time.记录时间日志是你发现支配时间的最好办法。43Analyzing 分析Return on Time invested 总结投入的时间?Kaizen?Sums up the rationale for

36、analyzing time.Kaizen means continual incremental improvement.Whatever our time habits are,we didnt get them overnight.We will not change everything overnight,either.The important point,though,is that we can change.By continually looking,you will find more and more ways to improve.Thats the whole po

37、int of analyzing and mastering your time.Kaizen总结了分析时间的基本原理。Kaizen指的是不断改善，不管我们有什么样的作息习惯，我们不可能一夜养成，我们也不可能一夜之间改变它们，然而重要的一点是我们能改变它们。通过不断观察，你就会发现越来越多的改变办法，这就是分析和掌握时间的全部要点。44Analyzing 分析 Everything you do either helps you or hinders you.Once your time is spent,it can be recovered.不管你做的有益还是有害，时间一去不返。The k

38、ey is to make sure your activities are consistent with your goals.关键是你的行动和你的目标要一致。Keep a record of how you spend your time for at least one week every year.A month would be even better.Discover what you do.When you do it,why you do it.每年至少有一周时间来规划如何支配你的时间。一月更好，发现干了什么，什么时候和为什么去干。45Analyzing 分析 Analyz

39、ing 分析 Ask others to tell how you waste your time,or how you could spend your time better.They may see what you cant see.请教旁人告诉你你浪费了哪些时间，你怎样才能更好地管理时间，旁观者清。Practice kaizen.Strive for continual improvement.按Kaizen的方法不断努力去做。46Analyzing 分析 Regularly examine work procedures for jobs you are doing.What ar

40、e the steps involved?Who does them?When are they done?Can any steps be eliminated,shortened,or simplified?定期检查工作程序、步骤、参与者和工作时间，看到省略、缩短或简化什么步骤。47Analyzing 分析 Ask your peers,staff or team to help brainstorm for new ideas.Look for ways to eliminate steps,combine operations,shorten procedures,streamline

41、 paperwork,remove bottlenecks.请教你的同辈人、职员或同事，更新观念，寻找省略步骤，合并、缩短程序、提高工作效率和去除瓶颈的办法 48Analyzing 分析 Dont over-react to something that is not really a crisis.Dont invest more time and energy in a situation than it is worth.Use the Inportant/Urgent grid.对不是真正紧急的事不要反应过敏，投入过多的时间和精力。应用重要/紧急法则。Keep records of y

42、our crises.Analyze them,look for patterns.Are they recurring or unique crises?Can any of your crises be predicted?将紧急的事记录下来，加以分析找出解决方法。是重复发生的还是偶然出现的？是否是预料之中的。49Analyzing 分析 If faces with constantly recurring crises,find out why things keep going wrong and fix them.Many recurring crises are caused by

43、 poor planning,poor coordination and poor follow-up.如果紧急的事反复发生，找出问题的原因，加以纠正。许多是由于计划不周、协调不力和未加以追究造成的。50Planning 计划 Few spend as much time planning as they should.Many claim they dont have time to plan.However,planning is a habit.People who plan regularly master the habit of planning.很少人花足够的时间进行计划，宣称没

44、有时间。要知道计划是一种习惯，只有有计划习惯的人才能定期做计划。Many of us fail to plan because we are action-oriented.As a result,we react to whatever happens around us.Planning is the only way to break out of the reactive patterm.许多人没有计划的原因是属于行动支配型，结果对周围发生的事穷于应付，计划是避免应付的唯一办法。51Planning 计划Plan work and Time 工作和时间计划 The key is to

45、plan both Work and Time.关键要同时计划工作和时间 Work Plan 工作计划 1.Results-What are my goals?what do I expect to accomplish?结果-什么是我的目标？希望完成什么？2.Activities-What will I have to do to get those results?行动-我必须做什么才能得到这些结果？3.Priorities-What are the priorities involved?优先秩序-最先做什么？52Planning 计划Plan work and Time 工作和时间计划

46、 Time Plan 时间计划 4.Time estimates-How much time will each activity require?估计时间-每一次活动需要多长时间？5.Schedules-When will I do each activity?日程表-何时做每一项工作？6.Flexibility-How much flexibility must I allow for the unexpected things I cant control？弹性时间-必须定出多少弹性时间以应付不能控制的事 情？53Planning 计划Take Control 控制 Planning i

47、s an attempt to control as much of your time as possible.But you cant control everything.Many things are simply beyond your control.计划就是试图控制尽可能多的时间，但你不能控制所有事情，许多事情不受你的控制。However,the idea is to control whatever time you can control,so you can spend as much time as possible on importan issues.然而，理想的是控

48、制你能控制的时间，只有这样你才能尽可能多的将你的时间花在重要的事情上。54Planning 计划weekly and Daily plans每周和每日计划 Daily to-do list is the most common.每日工作表最常用。Weekly planning is even better.It provides a longer perspective and allows more room for options.You can use the same six questions to develop a daily plan or a weekly plan.每周计划

49、更好，使你有一个更长的计划和更多的选择余地。你可用同样的6个问题来建立每日计划或每周计划。If possible,make weekly plan at the end of the preceding week.如有可能在上周末建立每周计划。55Planning计划 Flexibility is the key to successful planning.Allow time for unexpected things you cant control,like interruptions,problems and crises.弹性时间是计划成功的关键，要留有余地以应付不可控制的时间，如

50、干扰、故障和紧急。Be slow to alter your plan when the unexpected strkes.A thoughtful response is usually better than just reacting to events.当有不可预料的事发生时，不要过快改变计划，深思熟虑后再做决定。56 Write a plan for every week.An excellent time to do this is on Friday afternoon before you leave work.Ask other people to do the same

51、thing.Meet with key people to review the plans for next week,and coordinate priorities and activities.写出每周计划，最好的时间是在周五下午离开工作之前，让其他人也做同样的事情。请关键人物审查你的计划，帮你协调优先秩序和安排活动。Planning计划57 Make sure your daily to-do list has priorities and time estimates.You run out of time,not work.明确你的日程表中有优先处理的事和时间估计。要知道是你自

52、己而非工作使你没有时间。Make sure deadlines and time estimates are realistic.Dont ignore them.保证期限估计切实可行。不要忽略。Planning计划58Planning计划 Learn to control your unplanned action impulses.学会控制计划外的行为冲动。Be prepared for a productive start tomorrow morning.Set things out tonight before you leave，so theyll be ready when yo

53、u get there.为明天早晨的工作做准备。今晚离开之前将事情安排就绪，明天一到，马上工作。59Scheduling 日程表Planning is deciding what to do.计划就是决定干什么 Scheduling is deciding when to do.日程安排是决定什么时候干Scheduling is simply picking a time to do the activities.日程安排就是确定干事的时间Scheduling is the secret for making things happen.Planning is an intention;sch

54、eduling is more like a commitment.Things which are not scheduled may never happen.If you want it to happen,schedule it.日程是做事的秘诀；计划是一种打算；日程更像一个许诺，没有安排进日程的事不要去做，想做的事要安排进日程里。60Scheduling 日程表Maintain Flexibility 留有弹性时间 You must leave room for the unexpected when you are constructing your schedule.当你执行你的

55、日程时，要留有余地。Remember,interruptions are a part of your job.Planning for interruptions means leaving room for them in your schedule.请记住，干扰是你工作的一部分，要在日程中留有余地。61Scheduling 日程表Schedule Quiet Time 安排安静时间 A big benefit of quiet time is that in one hour of scheduled quiet time.You can get as much done as you

56、could in three or four hours of regular time.安静时间的最大好处是一小时安静时间的收获相当于平时的3-4小时。Turn off telephone,block drop-in visitors for a while,go to the library,find an empty conference room or ask for help from in your work area.关掉电话，回避来访。去图书馆，找一个空会议室或在你工作区寻求帮助。62Scheduling 日程表Get an early Start及早开始Get a good

57、productive start and youre more likely to have a successful,productive day.一个卓有成效的开始，使你拥有成功、高效的一天。Start early can have 3 different meanings:及早开始有三种不同的含义:-It might mean starting the day at an earlier hour.每天早一点开始。-It might mean starting to work when you get to work.一旦工作，马上开始。-It might mean starting o

58、n projects earlier than you normally would,giving yourself more lead time.提早开始实施你的计划，使你有更多的领先时间。63Scheduling 日程表 Nothing ever happens in your life until you create the space for it to happen in.That means scheduling.除非你留有时间，否则事情不会发生，这就是日程安排。Schedule the most important activities for each day.This si

59、mply means picking a specific time to do them.Things that are scheduled are much more likely happen.挑出特定的时间去干最重要的事。计划中的事情最可能发生。64Scheduling 日程表 Dont hesitate to take large time blocks for important work.Schedule quiet time so you wont be interrupted.不要犹豫，利用大块时间去干重要的事情。留出安静时间，以防干扰。Prepare tomorrows s

60、chedule before you leave work today.Youll sleep better,and you wont risk starting your day by reacting before you consider whats really important.今天离开工作时，准备明天的日程。你可安然入睡，而不会在明天开始工作之前还未考虑什么是真正重要的事。65Scheduling 日程表 Make a list of small mini-jobs that only require a few minutes.When you have little time

61、 gaps during the day,do one of the mini-jobs instead of wasting those few minutes.列出几分钟就能完成的事情，插空去做，以免浪费时间。Group related items and actions whenever possible.将相关的项目和事情合起来去做。66Scheduling 日程表 Be sure to allow enough time for each activity.Most people are overly optimistic.They dont allow enough time,an

62、d they often start late.As a result,their jobs are more frantic and pressured than they need to be.给每一项活动足够时间，许多人由于过分乐观，未留足够时间，工作开始过晚，结果工作一团糟，承受更大压力。Set time limits for everything you do.Try to finish within the time allowed.对每件事设定期限，努力在规定时间内完成。67Scheduling 日程表 Whenever possible,set appointment to s

63、ee people.Call ahead and confirm that they will be there.如有可能，与人约会先打电话确定。Schedule regular times for talking with key people.定期与重要人物会谈。68Scheduling 日程表 Identify your prime time,the time of day when youre at your best,when you do your best work.Try to set this time aside for important projects,making

64、important decisions or doing creative work.确定你的黄金时间，即一天中最好的时间去做最好的工作。把这段时间留给最重要的事、最重要的决定和干创新工作。Schedule time to do it right the first time.You wont have to waste time doing it ove.确定首次做事时间，你就不必浪费时间重新去做。69Interruptions 干扰 Think of it simply as part of the job.You will be less frustrated.将干扰考虑进你的工作，你就

65、会减少挫折。The basic idea is to accept the uncontrollable and control the controllable.有些事情是不可控制的，接受这一事实，才能控制不可控制的事。The key is to allow enough time in your schedule for unexpected,uncontrollable events.关键是留有余地，应付未预期的不可控事件。70Interruptions 干扰Analyze Interruptions 干扰分析 Keep records.Note who interrupts you,w

66、hen they interrupt,how long it takes and what it is about.It would be far better to analyze them,and systematically work at controlling them.In the words of the ancient Greek philosophers,?It is better to light one candle,than curse the darkness.记录下来。注意谁在干扰你？什么时间？多长时间？什么事？最好分析一下，有系统地去控制它们。古希腊哲学家如是说:“点燃一根蜡烛胜于咒骂黑暗。”71Interruptions 干扰Bunch Things Together将事情合在一起 Ask people to hold all the routine items to go over them at one time.You bunch your routine items,too.将所有的常规事件合在一起一次审查。Schedule regular me