2023年雅思阅读判断题透析

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1、 True/False/Not Given 考题分析 （赵曙明）阅读环节： Step 1：在题目中划出定位词。 Step 2：定位词在文章中定位。同步确定关键词(考点词)。 Step 3：精读定位句，确定与否有词性转换、同义转换和句式构造转换。 注意四个多样性： (1) 词性多样性： (2) 同义词多样性； (3) 句式构造多样性： (4) 综合多样性。 在几乎所有旳是非无判断题考题中原文和题目旳句子体现方式都会发生变化。因此句式构造多样性几乎出目前所有旳题目中。Section One True 旳考点分析I. 第一类考点：同义词多样性+句式构造多样性1. We crave for and a

2、re fed a daily diet of anxiety. Horror films and disaster movies have an increasing appeal. Nostradamus pop his head up now and again.Q: Anxiety in daily life is what we want.2. The partnership between Lotte Hellingas and Wytze Hellingas was also to lead to marriage and to the birth of their son. Be

3、tween 1961 and 1975, the Hellingas were in Amsterdam. In 1965, Lotte had obtained a research assistantship for Dutch phototypography from the Z. W. O. , and from 1967 she was teaching at the Institute of Dutch Studies at the University of Amsterdam.Q: Lotte lived and worked in Amsterdam during part

4、of the 60s and 70s.3. Study of the book was becoming increasingly important at the University of Amsterdam at this period, as the work of de la Fontaine Verwey and Gerrit Willem Ovink testifies. Wytze Hellingas interest, formerly largely in a sociolinguistic direction, were now leaning more towards

5、texts and to the book as the medium that carried written texts.Q: Prior to his interest in the book, Wytzes interest was mainly in socio-linguistics.4. The generation of creativity is complex: it is a mixture of genetics, the environment, parental teaching and luck that determines how successful or

6、talented family members are. This last point _ luck _ is often not mentioned where talent is concerned but plays an undoubted part.Q: The importance of luck in the genius equation tends to be ignored.5. Hunting by pet cats would only be a problem if the rate of predation, combined with other deaths,

7、 exceeded the breeding rate of the birds. This does not seem to be the case. Several studies show that urban environments actually support a higher density of birds than native forests, despite all the cats. This is partly because of all the garden plants with berries and nectar rich flowers.Q: Ther

8、e are more birds per kilometer in towns and cities than in a forest environment.6. The complexity, degree and sustainment of organizational performance requires an explanation which goes beyond the balance sheet and the paper conversion of financial inputs into profit making outputs. A more complete

9、 explanation of what went wrong necessarily must consider the essence of what an organization actually is and that one of the financial inputs, the most important and of the most expensive, is people.Q: Organizations should recognize that their employees are a significant part of their financial ass

10、ets.7. Insomnia occurs most frequently in people over age 60, in people with a history of depression, and in women, especially after menopause. Severe emotional trauma can also cause insomnia with divorced, widowed and separated people being the most likely to suffer from this sleep disorder. Stress

11、, anxiety, illness and other sleep disorders such as restless legs syndrome are the most common causes of insomnia. An irregular work schedule, jet lag or brain damage from a stroke or Alzeimers disease can also cause insomnia as well as excessive use of alcohol or illicit drugs. It can also accompa

12、ny a variety of mental illnesses.Q: Traveling can cause insomnia. 8. The nicotine found in tobacco is a potent drug and smokers, and even some scientists say it offers certain benefits. One is enhancing performance. One study found that non-smokers given doses of nicotine typed about 5 percent faste

13、r than they did without it.Q: It has been shown that nicotine in cigarettes can improve peoples abilities to perform some actions more quickly.9. The earliest recorded use of water power was a clock, constructed around 250 BC. Since then, people have used falling water to supply power for grain and

14、saw mills, as well as a host of other uses. The earliest use of flowing water to generate electricity was a waterwheel on the Fox River in Wisconsin in 1882.Q: An early use of hydroelectric power was in the timber industry.10. We must continue to develop effective alternative practices that will red

15、uce environmental hazards and produce high quality products, said Paul Jepson, a professor of entomology at OSU and new director of OSUs Integrated Plant Protection Centre (IPPC). The IPPC brings together scientists from OSUs Agricultural Experiment Station, ()SU Extension service, the U.S. Departme

16、nt of Agriculture and Oregon farmers to help develop agricultural systems that willsave water and soil, and reduce pesticides.Q: The IPPC uses scientists from different organisations.II. 第二类考点 句式构造多样性1Here is what happens: the body needs glucose as its main source of fuel or energy. The body makes g

17、lucose from foods containing carbohydrate such as vegetables containing carbohydrate (like potatoes or corn) and cereal foods (like bread, pasta and rice) as well as fruit and milk.Q: Carbohydrate foods are the bodys source of glucose. 2. The diagnosis of diabetes often depends on what type the pati

18、ent is suffering from. In Type 1 diabetes, symptoms are usually sudden and sometimes even life threatening _ hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar levels) can lead to comas _ and therefore it is diagnosed quite quickly.Q: Hyperglycaemia leads to type l diabetes being diagnosed quite quickly.III. 第三类考点 句式

19、构造多样性+上下文综合阅读1Deer are not indigenous to Australia. They were introduced into the country during the nineteenth century under the acclimatization programs governing the introduction of exotic species of animals and birds into Australia. Six species of deer were released at various locations. The ani

20、mals dispersed and established wild populations at various locations across Australia, mostly depending upon their points of release into the wild. These animals formed the basis for the deer industry in Australia today.Commercial deer farming in Australia commenced in Victoria in 1971 with the auth

21、orized capture of rusa deer from the Royal National Park, NSW. Until 1985, only four species of deer, two from temperate climates (red, fallow) and two tropical species (rusa, chital) were confined for commercial farming.Q: Until 1985 only 2 species of the originally released Australian deer were no

22、t used for farmingIV. 第四类考点 同义词多样性+词性多样性1Over the past 30 to 40 years, spending on leisure has witnessed a strong increase. According to the annual family expenditure survey published in1999 by the Office for National Statistics, the average household in the United Kingdom spent more on leisure than

23、 food, housing and transport for the very first time. And the trend is also set to continue upwards well into the present century.Q: Spending on leisure has gone up over the past three decades.V. 第五类考点 句式构造多样性+词性多样性1As a student at the University of Amsterdam after the Second World War, Lotte found

24、herself stimulated first by The teaching of Herman de la Fontaine Verwey and then by that of the forceful personality of Wytze Hellinga, at that time Professor of Dutch Philology at the University. Wytze Hellingas teaching was grounded in the idea of situating what he taught in its context. Obliged

25、to teach Gothic, for example, he tried to convey a sense of the language rooted in its own time environment.Q: Lotte studied at the University of Amsterdam after the Second World War.VI. 第六类考点 综合多样性（词性多样性+同义词多样性+句式多样性）1Ludwig von Wittgenstein has justly been regarded as one of the major philosophers

26、 of the 20th century, especially for his writings on the philosophy of language and logic. His works on psychoanalysis and criticism of his fellow Viennese, Sigmund Freud. have, however, been generally overlooked.Q :Wittgenstein owes the high regard in which he is held, in part, to his work on the p

27、hilosophy of language and logic.2. :Bright or creative children are often physically very active at the same time, and so may receive more parental attention as a result _ almost by default _ in order to ensure their safety. They may also talk earlier, and this, in turn, breeds parental interest. Th

28、is can sometimes cause problems with other siblings who may feel jealous even through they themselves may be bright. Their creative talents may be undervalued and so never come to fruition.Q: The brother or sister of a gifted older child may fail to fulfill their own potential.3. Researchers in Malh

29、eur next tested straw mulch and found that it successfully hold soil in place and kept the ground moist with less irrigation. In addition, and unexpectedly, the scientists found that the mulched soil created a home for beneficial beetles and spiders that prey on onion thrips _ a notorious pest in co

30、mmercial onion fields _ a discovery that could reduce the need for pesticides.Q: Straw mulch experiments produced unplanned benefits.VII.第七类 双重反义关系理解1 At least 85 % of all venison produced in Australia is exported, principally to Europe. At least 90% of all velvet antler produced is exported in an u

31、nprocessed state to Asia.Q: Only a small amount of Australian venison production is consumed domestically.2. If they find a language with just a few speakers left, and nobody is bothering to pass the language on to the children, they conclude that language is bound to die out soon. And we have to dr

32、aw the same conclusion if a language has less than l00 speakers. It is not likely to last very long.Q: In order to survive, a language needs to be spoken by more than 100 people.第八类 体现方式转换 1Having your blood pressure and cholesterol outside recommended ranges can also lead to problems like heart att

33、ack and stroke and in fact 2 out of 3 people with diabetes eventually die of these complications.Q: The majority of diabetics develop heart problems or suffer strokes.2. The River Thames, which was biologically dead as recently as the 1960s, is now cleanest metropolitan river in the world, according

34、 to the Thames Water company. The company says that thanks to major investment in better sewage treatment in London and the Thames Valley, the river that flows through the United Kingdom capital and the Thames Estuary into the North Sea is cleaner now than it has been for 130 years.Q: The Thames is

35、now cleaner than ii was in 1900.Section Two False 旳考点分析阅读环节： Step 1：在题目中划出定位词。 Step 2：定位词在文章中定位。同步确定关键词(考点词)。 Step 3：精读定位句，确定与否有词性转换、同义转换和句式构造转换。 注意四个多样性： (1) 词性多样性； (2) 同义词多样性； （3）反义构造多样性 (4) 句式构造多样性： (5) 综合多样性。 在几乎所有旳是非无判断题考题中原文和题目旳句子I. 反义构造是非无判断题旳False/No考题中出题频率最高旳考点是同义词多样和反义构造多样化旳理解。其中反义构造中旳重要体现

36、方式分为三类。1 题目或原文中有明显对立旳否认词1) Mozart, considered by many to be the finest composer of all time, was lucky to be living in an age that encouraged the writing of music. He was brought up surrounded by it, his father was a musician who encouraged him to the point of giving up his job to promote his child

37、genius, and he learnt musical composition with frightening Speed the speed of a genius. Mozart himself simply wanted to create the finest music ever written but did not necessarily view himself as a genius _ he could write sublime music at will, and so often preferred to lead a hedonistic lifestyle

38、that he found more exciting than writing music to order.Q: Mozart was acutely aware of his own remarkable talent.2) It is now unusual to have sleep troubles from time to time. But, if you feel you do not get enough sleep or satisfying sleep, you may have insomnia, a sleep disorder. People with insom

39、nia have one or more of the following: difficulty falling asleep, waking up often during the night and having trouble going back to sleep waking up too early in the morning and unrefreshing sleep. Insomnia is not defined by the number of hours you sleep every night. The amount of sleep a person need

40、s varies. While most people need between 7 and 8 hours of sleep a night, some people do well with less, and some need more.Q: Someone who only gets four hours of sleep a night must be suffering from insomnia.3. It can leave you feeling as if you just cant get enough done. Insomnia can also mask seri

41、ous mental disorders. People with insomnia may think that not getting enough sleep is their only problem, but the insomnia may actually be one symptom of a larger disorder, such as depression. Studies show that people with insomnia are four times more likely to be depressed than people with a health

42、y sleeping pattern.Q: There is no actual correlation linking insomnia and depression.2. 题目或原文中有明显对立旳否认词，但要通过语法，句式构造旳转换加以理解。1）It is widely believed that because cats prey on native birds they could bring about their extermination. But predation seldom leads to extinction in such a simplistic way. If

43、it did there would be no animals left in Africa, as those big cats called Lions would have eaten them all up.Q: The activity of predators, such as lions causes extinction of other animals.3. 题目或原文中具有隐含意义旳否认体现。1) It is too late to do anything t,) help many languages, where the speakers are too few or

44、 too old, and where the community is too busy just trying to survive to care about their language. But many languages are not in such a serious position. Often, where languages are seriously endangered, there are things that can be done to give new life to them. It is called revitalization.Q: Saving

45、 language should be the major concern of any small community whose language is under threat.2）These are some of the results Oregon growers have achieved in collaboration with Oregon State University (OSU) researchers as they test new farming methods including Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Nation

46、wide, however, IPM has not delivered results comparable to those in Oregon. A recent U. S. General Accounting Office (GAO) report indicates that while Integrated Pest Management can result in dramatically reduced pesticide use, the Federal Government has been lacking in effectively promoting that go

47、al and implementing IPM.Q: Integrated Pest Management has generally been regarded as a success in the US.II. 理解原文和题目旳体现方式1） Wittgenstein is both highly critical of and at the same time greatly admiring of Freuds work. Perhaps it would be fairer to say that he is not critical so much of psychoanalysi

48、s as of Freuds claims for it.Q: Wittgenstein totally admired Freuds work without any reservation.2) Due lo extreme conditions in the Arctic, including reduced sunlight, extensive ice cover and cold temperatures, contaminants break down much more slowly than in warmer climates. Contaminants can also

49、become highly concentrated due to their significantly lengthened life span in the Arctic.Q: Arctic conditions mean that the break down of pollutants is much accelerated.III. 限定逻辑范围1）Albert Einstein and Bill Gates are two more examples of people whose talents have blossomed by virtue of the times the

50、y were living in. Einstein was a solitary, somewhat slow child who had affection at home but whose phenomenal intelligence emerged without any obvious parental input. This may have been partly due to the fact that at the start of the 20th century a lot of the Newtonian laws of physics were being que

51、stioned, leaving a fertile ground for ideas such as his to be developed. Bill Gates may have had the creative vision to develop Microsoft. But without the new computer age dawning at the same time he may never have achieved the position on the world stage he now occupies.Q: Einstein and Gates would

52、have achieved success in any era.2) People are not generally aware of the popularity ot7 pet ownership in Australia. The Morgan Research surveys estimate that in1992, 37% of Australian households owned one or more dogs, and 30% owned one or more cats. Fifty-three per cent of all households owned eit

53、her a dog or a cat. Pet-owning household are clearly a substantial group within the community.Q: Research shows that more than half of Australian families have both a cat and a dog.3) Evans predicts that population growth and economic development will lead to nearly one in two people in Africa livin

54、g in countries facing water scarcity or what is known as water stress within 25 years. Water scarcity is defined as less than 1,000 cubic meters of water available per person per year, while water stress means less than 1,500 cubic meters of water is available per person per year. The report says th

55、at by 2025, 12 more African countries will join the 13 that already suffer from water stress or water scarcity. What makes the water issue even more urgent is that demand for water will grow increasingly fast as larger areas are placed under crops and economic development. Evans adds that the strong

56、 possibility that the world is experiencing climate change also adds to this urgency.Q: A recent report says by 2025 that 25 African countries will suffer from water scarcity alone.IV. 对于数值概念转换理解1）In the course of the past two or three decades, linguists all over the world have been gathering compar

57、ative data. If they find a language with just a few speakers left, and nobody is bothering to pass the language on to the children, they conclude that language is bound to die out soon.Q: Research on the subject of language extinction began in the 1990s.2) Breaking nicotine addiction is not easy. Ea

58、ch year, nearly 35 million people concerted effort to quit smoking. Sadly, less than 7 percent succeed in abstaining for more than a year; most start smoking again within days.Q: In spite of the difficulties, according to the text more than thirty-five million people a year give up smoking.V. 对于语法构造

59、旳掌握和理解1）As people work more, the appetite for leisure activities has grown to compensate for the ,greater stress in life. The past 5 years along have seen the leisure business expand by 25% with a change in emphasis to short domestic weekend breaks, and long-haul short breaks to exotic destinations

60、in place of long holiday.Q: Long holidays have taken the place of long-haul short breaks.VI. 上下文隐含转折意义理解1）It was estimated that the leisure revolution would take place by the turn of the last century with hours devoted to work falling to 25-30 per week. This reduction has failed to materialize, but

61、the revolution has, nonetheless, arrived.Q: At the turn of the last century, weekly work hours dropped to 25.VII. 考点旳综合运用Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas, a gland sitting just below the stomach. Insulin opens the doors that let glucose go from the blood to the body cells where energy is mad

62、e. This process is called glucose metabolism. In diabetes, the pancreas either cannot make insulin or the insulin it does make is not enough and cannot work properly. Without insulin doing its job, the glucose channels are shut. Glucose builds up in the blood leading to high blood glucose levels, wh

63、ich causes the health problems linked to diabetes.Q: Diabetics cannot produce insulin.Section Three Not Given 旳考点分析I. 题目中有比较构造，文章中无比较构造1. And the future? It is anticipated that, in the years to come, leisure spending will account for between a third to a half of all household spending, whilst it is

64、difficult to give exact figures, the leisure industry will certainly experience a long period of sustained growth.Q: In future, people will pay less for the leisure facilities they use than they do today.2. Healthcare providers diagnose insomnia in several ways. One way is to categorize insomnia by how often it occurs. Another way is to identify the insomnia by what is causing the sleep deprivation. The two main types of insomnia have been described as Primary Insomnia and Secondary Insomnia. Primary Insomnia is a ch