初中英语语法复习---代词ppt

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1、代词,中考总复习之,代词的分类 中考说明及要求： 人称代词 Personal Pronouns 物主代词 Possessive Pronouns 反身代词 Self Pronouns 不定代词 Indefinite Pronouns 指示代词 Demonstrative Pronouns 疑问代词 Interrogative Pronouns,人称代词分为:第一,第二,第三人称,而且有单复数之分.,I (宾格) _ she (宾格)_ we(宾格)_ It (主格)_ them(主格)_ him (主格)_ She(复数)_ us(单数)_ I (复数)_ Him (复数)_ you (单数)

2、_,看谁写得快哦,I (宾格) me she (宾格)her we(宾格)us It (主格)_it them(主格)_they him (主格)_he She(复数)_they us(单数)_me I (复数)_we Him (复数)_them you (单数)_you,你对吗?,1.主格代词常作主语、宾格代词常作动词或介词的宾语。 They all like him very much. 他们都很喜欢他。 She gave the books to you and me. 这些书是她送给你和我的。 we are worried about her. 在部分动词+副词结构的短语中，如果宾语是

3、代词,要用宾格，并且要放在中间如：try them on take it off write them down,在主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语句型中，如果直接宾语是代词，要用如下句型：主语+谓语+直接宾语+to/for+间接宾语,He gave it to me. 不能说 he gave me it. He bought it for me.不能说he bought me it .,2.人称代词在作表语时，用宾格 Whos knocking at the door? Its me. 谁敲门？-是我。 3. 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为 “第二人称，第三人称，第一人称” You, she a

4、nd I all enjoy the music. 你我她都喜欢音乐。 复数并列按我们、你们、他们的顺序排列：we ,you and they.如果是承担责任，说话者吧I 放在第一位。I and li Ming midtook the time when we would leave.,4、在比较状语从句中，在不引起误解的前提下，有时宾格代词代替主格代词（尤其是其后跟有同位语all时）,He is tall than I (me). He is taller than us all. 若可能引起误解，就不能用宾格代替主格 He likes playing ping pong better th

5、an I . He likes playing ping pong better than me.,5.she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等 We love our motherland, we hope shell be stronger and bigger. 我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她更强大。 The ship is leaving. Shes on her first trip to Boston. 轮船要起航了。这是她第一次去波士顿。,6.it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等 What the weather like today? Its windy. 今

6、天的天气怎么样？- 有风。 Its about five minutes walk from home to school. 从家到学校的路程大约5分钟。,It 代替前文提到的人物、事件。如：who is it? Its me,Dont read in the sun. Its bad for your eyes. It 代替指示代词this that. Whats this ? Its a computer.,.It可作为形式主语，将不定式、动名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得平稳 Its hard to reach the apples. 很难够到苹果。 Its good for you t

7、aking a walk after supper. 对你来说饭后散步是有好处的。 It 作形式宾语。 I dont it possible to learn English well without hard work.,物主代词,填写代词表,1.形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语 My brother is a worker. 我弟弟是个工人。 His parents are very friendly. 他的父母非常友善。,3.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系： 形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词 注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。 These books a

8、rent ours. Ours are new. (our books = ours) This is not our room. Ours is over there. (our room = ours),4.“of +名词性物主代词”表示所属 A sister of his is a nurse. 他的一个妹妹是个护士。 Tom is a friend of mine 我的一个朋友,用适当的代词形式填空,1.That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big.( I ) 2.The dress is _. Give

9、it to _. (she) 3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I ) 4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he ) 5. _ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _? ( you ),6. Here are many dolls, which one is _ ?( she ) 7. I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you ) 8. Show _ your kite, O

10、K? (they) 9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Kitty. These cakes are _. ( it ) 10. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. ( they ),Choose the right answers.,(1) Mary is _(my, I) sister. (2) _(He, Him) taught _(our, us) English. (3) I have a cat, _(its, its) name is Dick. (4) Tom is a fr

11、iend of _(my, mine). (6) Kate lost _ ( she, her ) bike. (7) Your living room is very big, but _ ( my, mine ) is rather small. (8) Is this ruler _? (yours, your ),my,He,us,its,mine,yours,mine,her,Try it out,1. Is this your football, boys? No, it is not _ A. yours B. our C. mine D. ours 2. The bird bu

12、ilds _ nest in the tree. A. her B. its C. its D. hers 3.We like Mr. Green because he often tells _ funny stories in class. A. we B. us C. our D. ours,反身代词 单数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves,1.反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语和同位语 He thinks more of others than of himself. 他想到别

13、人比想到自己更多一些。 That poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。 He himself was a doctor. 他本人就是一个大夫。 I myself can work the problem out. 我能亲自算出这道题,2.反身代词有以下常见搭配 enjoy oneself = have a good time by oneself = alone help oneself to learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. 注意：oneself 有单复数之分 * I enjoy myself. * Child

14、ren, help yourselves to some fish.,不定代词 不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词 all, each, every, both, either, neither none, one, little, few, many, much other, another, some, any, no 由some, any, no, every 等构成的合成代词,几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词 1.some/any some（一些,某）一般用于肯定句中 There are some flowers in front of the house. any（一些,任何）多用

15、于疑问句和否定句 Do you have any picture-books?,注意：some有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中 Would you like some meat? 你想要些肉吗？ May I ask some questions? 我可以问问题吗？ Could I have some apples? 我可以吃苹果吗？ Will you give me some water? 你能给我些水吗？,2. many/much many 修饰或指代复数名词 There are many eggs in the basket. Many of us like playing gam

16、es. much 修饰或指代不可数名词 He doesnt know much English.,3.another/other another 泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个 I dont want this coat. Please show me another. other 后面接名词，泛指别的、其他的 Do you have any other questions?,4. the other/others/the others the other 1. 特指两个中的另一个 He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a doctor.

17、2. 修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些 Tom likes swimming, and the other boys in his class like swimming, too.,others泛指其他的人或物 He often helps others. Some are playing basketball, others are playing football. the others 特指确定范围内剩下的全部人或物 There are fifty students in our class. Twenty of them are girls, the others are boys.,5

18、.few/a few/little/a little few/a few 修饰可数名词 little/a little 修饰不可数名词 few, little 表示否定意义, 译为“没有几个”，“没有多少” a few, a little 表示肯定意义, 译为“有几个”，“有一点”,6.every/each every单数名词,表示“每一个”,强调共性、整体,只作定语,形式上为单数.不与of 连用 Every child likes playing games. each 表示“每一个”,强调个性,作定语主语、宾语和同位语,常与of 连用 Each student was asked to t

19、ry again. Each of them has a nice skirt.,7.all/none all “(全部)都”,表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时,一般放在连系动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前 We are all from Canada. They all like English. none “没有”,表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介词of（谓语动词单、复数均可） None of us is/are afraid of dogs.,8.both/either/neither both “（两者）都”,作主语时看作复数；作定语时后跟名词复数 My parents are both

20、teachers. =Both of my parents are teachers. neither “(两者)都不”,含有否定意义，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数 Neither answer is right.,either “两者中任何一个”,作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数 There are trees on either side of the street. = There are trees on both sides of the street.,有关词组及应用 both of/either of/neither of Both of

21、them swim well. 他们俩都游得很好。 Either of you goes to Beijing. 你们俩随便谁去北京都可以。 Neither of them stopped to have a rest. 他们俩谁都不停下来休息。,bothand（谓语动词用复数形式） eitheror/neithernor(谓语动词遵循就近原则) Both Tom and Lucy are in Grade Two. Tom 和 Lucy 都在二年级。 Either my father or my mother cooks at home. 或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。 Neither he

22、 nor I am free today. 我和他今天都没空。,9.Something/anything/nothing Somebody/anybody/nobody 当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置 I have something important to tell you. Is there anything else in the box? Nobody can answer the question.,指示代词 表示空间和时间远近关系的代词 包括:this/that (单数) these/those (复数) 1. this,these指在方位上较近的人或物 that,those

23、指在方位上较远的人或物 This is my shirt, thats yours. These TVs are made in China, those are made in Japan.,2.that,those常指前面提过的东西,以免重复 *These boxes are heavier than those on the desk. 3.刚才提到的事情，在英文中用that *He was ill yesterday. Im sorry to hear that.,疑问代词 用来构成特殊疑问句的代词 常见有：who whom whose what which 通常做主语宾语定语表语 W

24、hat makes you think like that ? 做主语 Who(Whom) were you talking with? 做宾语,Which bus do I need? 做定语 Whats your father? 做表语 注意：在口语中，Who和Whom通用， 但在介词后只能用Whom With whom did he play games? With who did he play games?(错),(重庆市2008年) We like Mr. Green because he often tells _ funny stories in class. A. we B.

25、 us C. our D. ours,B,(重庆市2008年) When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning? _ is OK. Im free these days. A. Both B. All C. EitherD. Neither,C,(2008年天津市) Is_here? No, John and Bob have asked for leave. A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody D. everybody,D,Try it out,( )1 Is this you

26、r football, boys? No, it is not _ A. yours B. our C. mine D. ours ( )2 The bird builds _ nest in the tree. A. her B. its C. its D. hers ( )3 The maths problem _ is wrong. A. himself B. he C. itself D. herself,D,B,C,( )4 _ want to see the film. A Every student B Each student C All of students D All t

27、he students ( )5 A lot of people have tried, but _ have succeeded. A. the few B. a few C. few D. little ( ) 6 _ of the four roads will take you to the hospital. A. Both B. Neither C. Any D. Either,D,C,C,( )7 I have five pencils, one is red, _ is blue and _ are green. A. another, the other B. the oth

28、er, others C. others, the others D. another, the others ( ) 8 I have found _ on the Internet. A. a few informations B. a little informations C. a few information D. a little information,D,D,( ) 9 I have Chemistry classes _ day, Monday, Wednesday and Friday. A. each other B. every other C. this and o

29、ther D. all other ( )10 - _ is the man under the tree? - Jims father. A. When B. What C. Where D. Who,B,D,课堂达标,11. This stick is _. A. him B. he C. his 12. He is always ready to help _. A. another B. the other C. others 13. _ is Jacks aunt. A. He B. She C. It 14. She sent several cards to _ of her f

30、riends. A. some B. any C. no 15. _ subjects do you have this term? A. Which B. Whose C. What 16. _ of them has a computer. A. Each B. Every C. All 17. Can your brother look after _? A. himself B. him C. his,8 Which of _ bikes is yours? A. this B. that C. these 19. _ are good friends. A. You, he and

31、I B. She, you and I C. I, you and he 20. She hasnt brought _ pen today. Will you lend her _? A. her, your B. hers, yours C. her, yours 21. Very _ of them knew the hotel. A. few B. little C. a few 22. The jacket is too short. Please show me _. A. other B. another C. one 23. Some city people grow vege

32、tables _. A. herself B. himself C. themselves,用恰当的词填空。 I am a student. _ name is Lily. I often teach _ English. 2. Tom is too young. Please look after _. 3. He is fourteen. _ name is Tom. This book is _. He can look after _. 4. Well go fishing later. Would you like to come with _? 5. Looking at the

33、boys. _ are playing games. _ names are Mike and Bill. They enjoy _.,My,myself,him,His,his,himself,us,They,Their,themselves,写作：（计15分） 下面是汶川地震中的一张照片。它记录了一个叫郎铮的三岁男孩在地震十小时后被解放军从废墟(debris)中救出(rescue)。躺在担架(stretcher)上的他慢慢地举起右手向救他的人敬礼（salute to）。请你以“感动”为题，用英语简单描述这个故事并写出你的感想。 要求：故事描述要包括提供的所有信息。字数：80-100。短文开

34、头已给出，不计入总字数。 Moved At 14:28 on May 12, an earthquake broke out in Wenchuan. Soon people all over China went to the rescue. _ _ _ _ _,(例文） Moved At 14:28 on May 12, an earthquake broke out in Wenchuan. Soon people all over China went to the rescue. A three-year-old boy named Lang Zheng was rescued fr

35、om the debris by the PLA men ten hours after the earthquake. While he was lying on the stretcher, he slowly raised his right hand and saluted to the soldiers. His salute not only expressed his thanks to the people who saved him, but also moved the people around him. I was also deeply moved by his salute. As a three-year-old boy, he knew that the first thing to do was to express his thanks after he was saved. It is the good nature of the Chinese people.,Homework today,1.抄考试说明单词第4666个(每个2行) 2.做学考精练冠词剩下的练习 3.预习数词,