高中英语阅读分析

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1、 中小学1对1课外辅导专家教育试卷 命题人： 2013.姓名： 年级： 考试时间： 分数： （1） 定语从句练习讲解（2） 阅读理解解题技巧 总的前提：必须要看懂文章。 再就是要首先确认题型是哪一类题型。此内容包括：3种题材5种题型（1）5种题型的认识（2）5种题型的解答方法（3）5种题型在文中一哪些形式出题，在文中哪些要注意分析一，文章特点：高考英语考试中阅读理解语篇题材、体裁的多样化，文章3文体：有记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文等多种体裁，题材 ： 社会生活、政治、经济、文化、人物、故事、历史、新闻、广告、科普等，贴近现代生活，有很强的时代感。二，题目分析：阅读理解多项选择题主要有以下5种

2、题型:主旨大意题、细节理解题、词义猜测题、观点态度题、判断推理题等。三，出题的目的：基于上述测试要点，学生在阅读过程中必须具备下列技能，才能获取和处理信息： 1略读； 2查读； 3预测下文； 4理解大意； 5分清文章中的事实和观点；6猜测词义 7推理判断； 8，了解重点细节； 9理解文章结构；10.理解图表信息； 11.理解指代关系； 12.理解逻辑关系； 13.理解作者意图； 14.评价阅读内容四、（第一节）解题思路分析（一） 主旨大意题阅读理解的问题也以如下形式出现： 1. What is the best title for/of the passage? 2. What can be

3、inferred from the passage? 3. What does the author mainly tell us about in the text？ 4. What is mainly discussed in the article/passage/text?概括主旨大意的方法有：A：寻找主题句，有些段落大意在主题句上。答案多在文章的首句或末句主题句有的在句首，有的在段中，有的在段尾。B：寻找关键词，有些段落大意就散落在关键词上。（略读或扫读） 将阅读重点放在首尾部分。（一则省时间，二则目标明确，正确率自然也相应提高了）。 掌握了找主题句的方法，就可以依据主题句归纳主题。

4、但归纳主题容易出现以下三种错误，需要同学们注意。 1以偏概全。即只抓住了主题的一个侧面就误以为是主题。 2过于笼统。即归纳的主题太泛，与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论证。 3把观点强加给作者。读者往往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解。 (二)细节理解题 一、 解题技巧方法： 在解这类题时，可采用“找关键词”的办法： 1.抓住题干的关键词，带着关键词在文中寻找，（关键词可以是动词，名词为多，不定式或者形容词都可能。）可在关键词下面画一直线以示突出。在原文出现关键词的地方也需打相同的记号。可以突出重点分析，提高准确率也节省时。二、细节理解题题型主要有三种形式：问句式，不完整的陈述句

5、和排除法。1问句式（which型问句） A其发问形式主要有以下几种： How did something happen? Which of the following people should (not) do it? Which of the following did somebody have to deal with. ? Where should somebody do something2不完整的陈述句式 A常见形式有： Something can be best classified as . A certain kind of person is someone who .

6、People are looking for better ways to . According to the author, “it”was caused by .3排除式 A常见形式有： Which of the following are NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following is TRUE? Which of the following is NOT listed in . ? Which of the following is NOT included in the passage? B解题技巧：（广告类） 做这类

7、题时，首先要仔细阅读题后的选项，牢记各个选项所阐述的不同内容，然后 查读读原文。凡是原文中的信息与选择项内容相同的，我们可以在这些信息下面划线，以作为排除的内容。三、细节题常在文章哪些地方设题。在这些地方要注意列举处常考 细节题1、 特别是Which型和Except型；2、 转折处和对比处常考However, but, yet, in fact, although, 转折：unlike, until, however, but等。3、 例子常考 推断题和细节题as, such as, for example, for instance, i.e. etc. 4、 数字和年代常考文中的数字、年代

8、和日期常常是命题的重点。5、 最高级和绝对性词汇常考 答案具有唯一性must, all, only, anyone, always, never,或most, first.6、 专有名词常考人名、地名等专有名词7、 细节处常考 细节题同位语，插入语，定语，长句的后半句，从句，副词，介词，不定式。（三，） 判断推理题 此题型是阅读理解中较难的题型，多属于深层次理解题。在试卷中数量不断增多。它要求考生根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层次内涵。1. 推断型问题命题包括以下动词：infer, imply, suggest, conclude, assume2. 对策：1） 根据文中的关键词、短语

9、、结构进行推断；2） 通过阅读某段或几段内容3） 注意：要根据文中内容进行推断，不能凭空猜测。因果句常考 推断题因果连词：because, since, for, as, therefore, so, consequently etc因果动词：cause, result in，originate from, etc因果名词：base, basis, result, consequence. etc解推断题应注意：1. 不要脱离原文只凭自己的想象胡乱推理或只凭常识推理；答案一定要在文章找到依据或理由，分析材料所提供的全部事实。2. 特别重视文章的主旨，所选答案的内容一定不能脱离主题大意。 3.不

10、能以自己的观点代替作者的观点； 4.推理的根据来自于上下文（四） 观点态度题常问作者对某事是什么态度：主观（subjective）还是客观（objecfive）;肯定（positive）还是否定（negative）;赞成（approval）还是反对（oppsition）等等。解题的关键是要看作者在文中用了什么样的口气。解题方法：确定作者态度，可以有两种思路：1、问全文主体事物的(包括主题)，可以根据阐述主题或有关主体事物的相关句中的形容词、副词或动词确定作者的态度；2、如果问的是对某一具体事物的态度，则可以定位到具体相关句，然后确定答案。（五，）词义猜测题猜词技巧阅读理解的测试中经常有猜测词、

11、短语、习语意义的题目，这些词、短语、习语要么是生词，要么是熟词新义，单靠平时积累是不够的，还要掌握一定的做题技巧。总结如下：猜词的方法：1.定义法 根据文中的定义、解释猜生词 ；利用事例或解释猜生词；利用重复解释的信息猜生词 2. 指代关系法根据指代关系上下文的进行选择：文章中的代词it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。3.转折关系 根据转折或对比关系进行判断：根据上下句的连接词，如but，however，otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。4.同位语 根据同位关系进行判断：阅读

12、中有时出现新词、难词，后面就跟着一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，有时这种解释也用连词“or”连接。 5.标点符号和提示词。分号（；）还可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。破折号表示解释说明。四猜答案能力 该部分主要考查联系上下文，综合分析文章的能力解答此类试题时，同学们首先可以快速地阅读试题所给选项，明确其内容，寻找其关键词句。再对关键词语进行详细分析，抓住信息点，仔细辨析备选选项，最后确定对应关系。一般不是正确答案项：绝对词否决法;答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项。这些语气词有: must, always, never, the most, all, only, have to, an

13、y, no, very, completely, none, hardly等。正确答案项：怀疑词判断法：选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项。这些语气词有can, could, may, should, usually, might, most(大多数), more or less, relatively, be likely to, possible, whether or, not necessarily 等一、 正确解的十个特征：1、 体现中心思想（包括段落中心）的是解2、 照抄原文的不是解，同义替换的是解3、 含义不肯定的是解，如：can could may usually m

14、ight most more or less relatively be likely to含义绝对的不是解： must always never the most all any none entirely含义相反的是解4、 具体的不是解，概括性的、抽象的是解5、 带有some的是解：someone somebody sometime something certain6、 简单的不是解，复杂的是解，字面意思不是解，含义深刻的是解7、 带虚词的解：another other more either both also beside additional extra different sam

15、e particular nearly not enough 8、 “变化”是解：change delay improve postpone increase9、 “重要的、基础的”是解：important necessity essential basis be based on（3）练习 (A )Harry is eighteen now. He studies in a middle school. His parents like him very much and hope he can become a famous man. So they often tell him to s

16、tudy hard and they do all for him. They call him at six in the morning, after breakfast his father takes him to school in a car and in the afternoon, as soon as the young man comes back, the supper is ready. Of course, he never washes his clothes or goes to buy something in the shops.Once Harrys fat

17、her was sent to London on business. He would stay there for half a year. Leaving, he told his wife to take good care of their son. The woman had to get up earlier and did all what her husband did before. And two months later she was so tired that she was ill in bed. Now the young man got into troubl

18、e. He couldnt do any housework. He had to do as his mother told him. Even he didnt know where to get on the bus!Yesterday Harrys mother found his shoes were worn out and told him to buy a new pair in the shop. But he didnt know how to choose. The woman had a sigh(叹息) and gave him a shoe pattern(鞋样)

19、and told him to buy a pair of shoes himself. Its Saturday today and Harry doesnt go to school. With a policemans help, he found a shop. The shopkeeper was friendly to him. The man brought a lot of shoes and asked him to choose. When he was trying on a pair, suddenly he remembered something and took

20、them off. The man was surprised and asked, “Whats the matter, young man?”“Im sorry, Ive left the shoe pattern at home!”1. _ always does some housework in the morning. A. Harrys fatherB. Harrys motherC. HarryD. Nobody2. Harrys parents do all instead of him because _. A. hes too youngB. he has poor he

21、althC. hes busy with his studiesD. they hope he spends all time on studies3. The woman had to look after her son by herself because _. A. her husband wasnt at homeB. she was stronger than her husbandC. she knew the young man wellD. she was freer than her husband4. When the man was in London, _. A. H

22、arry had to stay at homeB. Harry didnt find the bus stopC. Harry fell behind in his classD. Harry wouldnt go to school5. The woman told her son to buy a pair of shoes because _. A. she didnt know what kind he neededB. she was busy with the houseworkC. something was wrong with herD. she wanted her so

23、n to do something himself6. In fact, _. A. Harry wanted his mother to buy shoes for himB. Harry didnt believe himselfC. Harry wouldnt listen to his motherD. Harry was strong enough to buy shoes for himself【答案与解析】本文讲一个只会死读书的书呆子自理能力很差，连买鞋子这么简单的事都做不了。1. A。细节题。根据 The woman had to get up earlier and did

24、all what her husband did before 可以推断以前是她的丈夫做这些事的，因此应该选择 A。2. D。细节题。根据 So they often tell him to study hard and they do all for him可知答案为D。3. A。推断题。根据第2段第1句话 Once Harrys father was sent to London on business. He would stay there for half a year 可知答案为 A。4. B。细节题。根据第2段最后一句 Even he didnt know where go ge

25、t on the bus 可知答案为 B。5. C。细节题。根据 And two months later she was so tired that she was ill in bed可知答案为 C。6. B。推断题。Harry 亲自去买鞋子，却不知道自己试一试，他不相信自己的脚却只相信鞋样，因此应该选择 B。 (B)Napoleon agreed to plans for a tunnel(隧道) under the English Channel in 1802. The British began digging one in 1880. Neither tunnel was com

26、pleted. Europe has had to wait until the end of the 20th century for the Channel Tunnel. After nearly two centuries of dreaming, the island of Great Britain is connected to Continental Europe for the first time since the Ice Age, when the two land masses moved apart.On May 6, 1994, Britains Queen El

27、izabeth and Frances President Mitterrand carried out the official opening. The Queen was accompanied(陪同) on her train journey through the historic tunnel by one of her Rolls-Royce cars which was placed on the train. The following day saw celebrations taking place in Folkestone and Calais. Regular pu

28、blic services did not start until the latter part of 1994.1. The island of Great Britain is _.A. connected to France all the timeB. separated from France with a tunnelC. separated from France all the timeD. joined to France with the tunnel2. Queen Elizabeth _ at the opening.A. took her car Rolls-Roy

29、ce through the tunnelB. took her car which was placed on her train through the tunnelC. took her train through the tunnelD. took Mitterrands train through the tunnel3. Before 1994, one could go to Britain from France _.A. only by shipB. by ship or planeC. by car or trainD. by ship, car or train4. Wh

30、ich of the following is right?A. Napoleon made plans for the tunnel.B. The public could pass through the tunnel by train after May 6, 1994.C. The tunnel was built for two centuries.D. The tunnel will do great good to Britain and France. (C)The computer is a useful machine. It is the most important i

31、nvention in many years. The oldest kind of computer is the abacus(算盘), used in China centuries ago, but the first large, modern computer was built in 1946. A computer then could do maths problems quite fast.Today computers are used in many ways and can do many kinds of work. In a few years the compu

32、ter may touch the life of everyone, even people in faraway villages.In the last few years, there have been great changes in computers. They are getting smaller and smaller, and computing faster and faster, Many scientists agree that computers can now do many things, but they cannot do everything. Wh

33、o knows what the computers of tomorrow will be like? Will computers bring good things or bad things to people? The scientists of today will have to decide how to use the computers of tomorrow.1. The computer is a _ machine. A. helpfulB. strangeC. large D. dangerous2. The first large, modern computer

34、 was built about _ years ago. A. a few B. forty C. sixty D. eighty3. The computers of today are _ than before. A. biggerB. fewer C. smallerD. taller4. Computers can do _. A. everythingB. anythingC. nothingD. lots of things5. The scientists of today _ how to use the computers of tomorrow. A. may deci

35、deB. must decideC. can makeD. neednt make (D)Mr. Lang worked in a factory. As a driver, he was busy but he was paid much. His wife was an able woman and did all the housework. When he came back, she took good care of him and he never did anything at home. So he had enough time when he had a holiday.

36、 A few friends of his liked gambling(赌博) and he learned it soon. So he was interested in it and hardly forgot anything except gambling. He lost all his money and later he began to sell the television, watches and so on. His wife told him not to do it but he didnt listen to her. She had to tell the p

37、olice. He and his friends were punished for it. And he was hardly sent away. After he came out of lockup(拘留所), he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him.It was New Years Day. Mr. Lang didnt go to work. He felt lonely and wanted to gamble again. He called his friends and they came soon. B

38、ut they were afraid the police would come. He told his five-year-old son to go to find out if there were the policemen outside. They waited for a long time and didnt think the police would come and began to gamble. Suddenly opened the door and in came a few policemen.“I saw there werent any policeme

39、n outside, daddy,” said the boy, “so I went to the crossing and asked some to come.”1. Mr. Lang was paid much because _. A. he was a driverB. he worked in a factoryC. he had a lot of work to doD. he had worked there for a long time2. Mrs. Lang did all housework because _. A. she couldnt find any wor

40、kB. she thought her husband was tiredC. her husband spent all time in gamblingD. she wouldnt stop her husband gambling3. _, so he was put into lockup. A. Mr. Lang often gambledB. Mr. Lang was late for workC. Mr. Lang didnt help his wife at homeD. Mr. Lang wasnt polite to the police4. The woman had t

41、o leave Mr. Lang because _. A. he didnt love her any longerB. he wouldnt stop gamblingC. he had been put into lockupD. he was hardly sent away by the factory5. Which of the following is right? A. The boy hoped his father to be put into lockup again.B. The boy thought his father needed some policemen.C. The boy hoped his father to stop gambling soon.D. The boy hoped his mother to come back