陈春平动词的时态和语态

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1、20110719动词时态和语态 虚拟语气 完成时 1.(2011天津卷)4.On the next birthday. Ann _ married for twenty years.【D】 完成时(将来完成时)分析:本题考察动词时态。根据时间状语next birthday 标志将来时,for twenty years 预示着完成,所以应该选择将来完成时。A. is B. has been C. will be D. will have been19.(2011江苏卷)23-Tommy is planning to buy a car.-I know .By next month, he_eno

2、ugh for a used one.【D】 完成时(将来完成时)A. saves B .saved C. will save D. will have saved分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据By +next month 表示将来意义的时间状语。所以要选择将来完成时D. 2.(2011天津卷)3.In the last few years thousands of films_ all over the word.【B】 完成时 (现在完成时被动态)A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being pro

3、duced分析:本题考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语in the last few years 选择现在完成时,produce和film 之间是被动关系,所以选择现在完成时的被动态。10.(2011北京卷)23.Tom _ in the library every night over the last three months.【C】A. works B. worked C. have been working D. had been working 完成时(现在完成进行时)分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“over the last three months”选择完成时,再加之“ev

4、ery night”说明这个动作一直在持续,所以选择现在完成进行时。13.(2011陕西卷)12.His first novel _ good reviews since it came out last month. 【D】 完成时(现在完成时)A. receives B. is receiving C. will receive D. has received分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语since it came out last month得知应该使用现在完成时。所以选择D.25.(2011湖南卷)30 It is the most instructive lecture th

5、at I _since I carne to this school. 【D】 完成时(现在完成时)A. attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attended 分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语since I came to this school , 主句使用现在完成时,表示“这是我听过的最有意义的演讲,自从我来到这个学校”。28.(2011安徽卷)32. I didt ask for the name list. Why _on my desk? I put it there just now in case you nee

6、ded it.【B】 完成时(现在完成时)A. does it landB. has it landed C. will it landD. had it landed分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“我没要人名,为什么放在我的桌子上?”“刚才放的,万一你需要呢?”“didt ask for the name list”和“put it there just now”都表示过去,但是 “has it landed ” 表示到说话为止时发生的动作,现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响,所以选择B3.(2011江西卷)30.We arrived at work in the morning

7、and found that somebody _ into the office during the night.【B】 完成时(过去完成时)A. broke B. had broken C. has broken D. was breaking分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“我们在早晨到达工作地点时,发现有人闯进我们的办公室”。“闯进办公室”发生在“发现”之前,所以选择过去完成时B.6.(2011北京卷)21. Experiments of this kind _ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War

8、.【D】 完成时(过去完成时被动态)A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted分析:本题考查动词时态和语态,根据before the Second World War 标志过去时,experiments of this kind 是已经实施的一种动作,所以选择过去完成时。另外experiments 和conduct 之间是被动关系,所以选择过去完成时的被动态。11.(2011四川卷)19.What a mistake!Yes. I _ his doing it another w

9、ay, but without success.【D】 完成时(过去完成时)A. was suggesting B. will suggest C. would suggest D. had suggested分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据情景交际标志词“mistake”和回答“yes”提示了后面的动作“我曾经建议他换个地方,但他没听”。“犯错误”发生在过去,“我建议”发生在过去的过去,所以用过去完成时D 。suggest 不用于进行时。 16.(2011辽宁卷)34. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son_ from col

10、lege.【D】 完成时 (过去完成时) A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been D. had graduated分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语从句By,应该使用完成时,Jack returned home from England表示过去的事实,所以应该选择过去完成时D .22.(2011全国新课标卷)29When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _ there.【A】 完成时(过去完成进行时)A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was ly

11、ing D. has lain 分析:句意为“当Alice苏醒过来时,她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to苏醒过来是过去时,苏醒前的情况是过去的过去,强调过去的过去里发生的事,所以最佳答案是A. 30.(2011山东卷)35. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything!【B】 A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating 完成时(过去完成时)分析:本题考查动词的时

12、态。根据句意“她惊讶的发现冰箱里空空的,孩子把东西全吃光了”。“eat”这个动作发生在“find”之前,所以用过去的过去,过去完成时B 33.(2011福建卷)32.Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they_ from China.【D】 完成时(过去完成时)A. receive B. are receiving C. have received D. had received分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“上个月,日本政府对来自中国的帮助表示感谢”, “receive”发生在“e

13、xpress”之前,表示过去的过去,所以选择过去完成时D 出题方式:(1) 利用时态的本身内涵,表示完成的动作带来的影响,例如:过去完成时表示“过去的过去”(2) 利用时态的时间状语标志,例如:by + , in the last years ,since , (3) 利用常用句型 例如:It is the most attractive lecture that I have .(4) 借助于情景交际进行考查 (5) 考查的完成时的概率问题: 一共14题 : 将来完成时 2 ; 现在完成时 5 (被动态,进行时);过去完成时 7 (进行时,被动态)解题规律(1) 深刻理解时态内涵 (表持续

14、,表完成,表经历) 每一种时态记忆一个例子,深刻理解内涵。完成时态是为了解释一个现在的状况而去提一件过去的事,目的是“说的是一个现在的事”。例如 :现在完成时have/has +done Ive written an article . “过去对现在” 过去完成时 had +done As soon as we got to the station, the train had left “2 动作”+ “过去的过去” 将来完成时 will have done I will have learned 200 words by the end of next month. 现在完成进行 have

15、 /has been doing I have been waiting for her for six hours . “持续”(2) 充分利用时间状语 例如:现在完成时 : since+从句/时间 , for ,in the past few years ,over the past few years , throughout the centuries , until now ,up until now , already , By +过去的时间 过去完成时 将来的时间 将来完成时 (3) 巧妙利用句意(4) 抓住常用句型 It is the most +形容词的最高级 / only

16、/序数词+名词 +现在完成时 It was the most +形容词的最高级 / only /序数词+名词 +过去完成时(6)考查被动态 been done 判断动词和名词的关系 动宾用被动 (5) 多读练语感 不可装牛角尖 一般时 5.(2011北京卷)27. That must have been a long trip.Yeah, it _ us a whole week to get there.【C】 一般时(一般过去时)A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking分析:本题考查动词时态,根据must have been a long tr

17、ip 是对过去事实的一种陈述,所以只要选择一般过去时就标志基本事实。8.(2011北京卷)32. Bob has gone to California. Oh, can you tell me when he _ ?【B】 一般时(一般过去时)A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave分析:本题考查动词的时态。has gone to California 是过去的事实,所以选择一般过去时。 12.(2011全国II)9. If you dont like the drink you _just leave it and try a diff

18、erent one.【A】 一般时(一般过去时) A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered 分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据条件状语从句和定语从句的用法的得知:the drink you_ _是定语从句,order表示过去发生的一个动作,所以选择A. 24.(2011湖南卷)27 In 1942 Columbus_ on the of the Bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off India.【B】 一般时(一般过去时)A. lands B. landed C.

19、 has landed D. had landed分析:本题考查动词的时态。时间状语1942 ,标志着过去的发生的动作,所以选择B.题中没有明显地标志“land”发生在“mistook”之前,所以不选择D.29.(2011山东卷)31.When I got on the bus, I_I had left my wallet at home.【B】 一般时(一般过去时)A. was realizingB. realizedC. have realizedD. would realize分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“当我上车的是时候,发现我把钱包放家了”。 had left my wall

20、et at home 发生在动词realize之前,所以选择一般过去时B 9.(2011四川卷)9. All visitors to this village _ with kindness.【B】 一般时(一般现在被动态)A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated 分析:本题考查动词的时态和语态。主语All visitors 是复数概念,所以选择are , “visitors” 和东西 treat 是被动关系 ,所以选择一般现在是的被动态。20.(2011全国新课标卷)23.Planning so far ahead

21、 _ no sense-so many things will have changed by next year.【C】 一般时(一般现在时) A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语by next year 和句意,表示“Planning so far ahead”应用了一般现在时的客观事实的用法,所以选择C .。句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况make no sense,后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。i

22、s making和has made表示具体的动作过程,故不选。31.(2011重庆卷)31.Look at the pride on Toms face. He _ to have been praised by the manager just now.【B】 一般时(一般现在时)A. seemed B. seems C. had seemed D. is seeming分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“看汤姆脸上骄傲的表情,好像刚才遭经理表扬”。Look at 标志着现在,seem 没有进行时,最佳答案是B 26.(2011湖南卷)34 In the near future, more

23、advances in the robot technology _ by scientists.【D】 一般时(将来时被动态)A .are making B. are made C. will make D. will be make 分析:本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语In the near future 表示使用一般将来时,more advances和make 之间是被动关系,所以选择D.27.(2011安徽卷)26. What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally, I think it will exi

24、st along with home shopping but _.【C】 一般时(将来时被动态)A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced分析:本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语in the future 应该是一般将来时,“replace”和“store shopping”之间是被动关系,所以选择C。出题方式 (1) 单纯的给予时间,进行考察 (4题) (2) 糅合其它时态。利用情景交际进行考察 (4题)(3) 借助于不同的语态继续考察

25、 (3题)(4) 考察概率 一共10题 : 过去5题 现在3题 将来2题解题技巧 (1)深入理解内涵 明白区别之点 一般过去时 do /does 经常发生的动作 ,客观事实, 客观存在,能力, 一般过去时 did 一般将来时 will 一般过去将来时 would 一般过去时 过去发生的动作或是事情,说的是“过去的事” 完成时 说的是“现在的事”(2)巧计时间状语 例如:将来时 提中提到的in the future 过去时 just now in 1842 (3) 充分利用句意,发掘核心意义 糅合其他时态时,更需要的是句意的解析。例如29 两个动作发生的前后作为突破口。(5) 被动语态 清楚辨析

26、动作和受众者之间的关系 例如26 动宾(6) 多练习 练语感 进行时23.(2011浙江卷)15.The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant _in his place but ,luckily ,everything was going on smoothly.【C】 进行时(过去进行时) A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“经理担心他助理做的新闻发布会,但是幸运的是一切进行地很顺利。”was worried about和

27、was going on smoothly 都是过去时态,所以排除B. “经理担心的是新闻发布会之时,那时表示动作的正在进行”所以选择过去进行时,同时排除D. A选项中的gave 表示动作发生过,这和,everything was going on smoothly不符。所以最佳答案是C.21.(2011全国新课标卷)24.I wast sure if he was really interested or if he _ polite.【A】 进行时(过去进行时) A. was just being B. will just be C. had just been D. would just

28、 be 分析:本题考查动词的时态。句意为“我不能确信他是真正感兴趣呢还是仅仅为了表示礼貌。”句前wasnt sure表明说话的起点是过去时,was really interested和was just being polite都是相一致的过去时。故选A。15.(2011辽宁卷)28. Ill go to the library as soon as I finish what I _ .【B】 现在时(现在进行时) A. was doing B. am doing C. have done D. had been doing分析: 本题考查动词的时态。 根据as soon as 表示“一就”和

29、句意,最佳的表达应该是“我正在做的事情”所以选择B. 17.(2011湖南卷)22.-Joan, what _in your hand? -Look! Its a birthday gift for my grandma.【B】 现在时(现在进行时)A. had you held B. are you holding C. do you hold D. will you hold 分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据情景交际,最佳答案是现在进行时B .18.(2011江苏卷)21-I hear you _ in a pub .whatsit like?-Well ,its very hand wor

30、k and Im always tired , but I dont mind.【A】 现在时(现在进行时)A. are workingB. will work C. were working D. will be working分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据情景交际和回答的内容,I hear的是你正在酒吧工作这个重复进行的动作,所以选择A. 32.(2011重庆卷)21. That price of music sounds quite familiar. Who _the piano upstairs【D】 进行时(现在进行时)A. has played B. played C. play

31、s D. is playing分析:本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“这首乐曲听起来很熟悉,是谁在弹钢琴?”,在弹得过程中有了这样的疑问,表示动作的正在进行,所以选择D出题方式(1)利用情景交际进行考查(2) 糅合别的时态进行考察(3)考查概率 一共六题: 过去 4 现在2 解题方法(1) 理解内涵 进行体标志着动作的“正在进行”(2) 根据上下文,解读句意,破解正在进行,使用进行体。 例如23, 32 (3) 多练 语感 虚拟语气 4.(2011江西卷)28.We _Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury【D

32、】A. will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put分析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“要不是因为他最近受伤,我们本应该把John的名字加进昨天的比赛名单中。”but for 是虚拟语气的提示,yesterday表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟,用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达,故选B7.(2011天津卷)15. I _ sooner but I didntt know that they were waiting for me.【D】A. had come B. wa

33、s coming C. would come D. would have come 分析:本题考查时态类的虚拟语气。根据but I didntt know that they were waiting for me 得知该动作是come是不真实的,是虚拟的。所以选择would have come。14.(2011北京卷)30. Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.【C】 A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. wa

34、s studying分析:本题是虚拟语气的用法,根据句意是对过去事实的一种虚拟,再加之主句would be的用法,所以从句中应该使用过去完成时had studied. 出题方式(1) 有虚拟语气的标示词 虚拟语气说白了就是“说假话,空话,不现实的话”(2) 借助于主句的谓语形式的变化,得出可能是对过去,现在和将来的虚拟(3) 通过解读句意,得知不真实的状态解题方法(1)透析内涵 谓语形式是突破口现在事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形过去事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(h

35、ad+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”。若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。(2) 巧妙发现虚拟语气的标示词 例如 but for , as though , even if ,even though ,suggest +should , wish 和句型 It is the time that I picked up If only I were a bird. It is necessary / important / pity / proposed that should +v (3) 理解句意 发现不真实 选择合适的形式 例如 7 (4)多练习 找灵感

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