2022高考英语一轮选训习题 Unit 2 The United Kingdom（含解析）新人教版必修5

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1、2022高考英语一轮选训习题 Unit 2 The United Kingdom（含解析）新人教版必修5一、阅读理解AWhenever the word “hero” es to me, I immediately think of three Hs: honorable, hardworking, and happy. When I think more about this word, I picture someone who has acplished good things for people and tries to do the right thing. Hattie Eliz

2、abeth Alexander is one person whom I find to be very heroic. Hattie was born in Baltimore, Maryland on April 5,1901. During her time at college she earned her Bachelors Degree in Bacteriology and Physiology. These were just the first steps toward what she was finally going to be remembered for. Afte

3、r college Hattie attended Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and received her medical degree. After her education, she pursued her career, and after much time and hard work, she drastically reduced the number of infants (幼儿) dying from meningitis (脑膜炎). Hattie was very dedicated to her work and helped

4、 at as many locations as she could. Spending substantial (大量的) time in the laboratory, Hattie successfully developed a cure against the disease, which decreased the death rate to 20 percent. At the same time, she was also a teacher working with Columbia University. She was a caring lady interested i

5、n other peoples lives. When she was teaching at Columbia University, other members would talk to her about students that were failing their classes, and somehow Hattie could always find convincing reasons as to why they should not be driven away. Later, Hattie became an instructor in Pediatrics at N

6、ew York Citys Babies Hospital. After many honors, she became the first woman president of the American Pediatric Society in 1965. This was her last major achievement, for soon after, Hattie died of cancer on June 24, 1968. Hattie is my hero because her positive attitude and strength helped her acpli

7、sh great things for others. She gave them her strength by developing medicines against diseases, which, by doing so, made them stronger. This is what makes Hattie Elizabeth Alexander my hero.【文章大意】本文介绍了作者心目中的英雄哈蒂伊丽莎白亚历山大为社会作出的贡献。1. According to the passage，Hattie Elizabeth Alexander _.Areceived her

8、Bachelors Degree in Johns Hopkins SchoolBspent all her time in the laboratory developing cures for illnessesCcared a lot about others private lives Dalways tried her best to help prevent students from dropping out of college答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据文章第四段第二句“.somehow Hattie could always find convincing reason

9、s as to why they should not be driven away.”可知，哈蒂总会尽最大努力阻止学生辍学。故选D项。2The underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably means “_”Aslightly Bhardly Cgreatly Dtotally答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。根据文章第三段第一、二句以及第三句中的which decreased the death rate to 20 percent可推断出，此处指经过哈蒂的付出和努力，幼儿死于脑膜炎的比例大大下降。故推测，drastically意为“大幅度地；彻底地”，与gre

10、atly意思相近。故选C项。3Hattie is considered to be a hero by the author in that _.Ashe was an honorable, hardworking and happypersonBshe was a very dedicated woman doctor with many honorsCshe was a caring lady who helped many students finish collegeDshe was the first woman president of the APS答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根

11、据文章第一段的内容可知，作者视哈蒂为英雄是因为她是一个品德高尚、勤奋且快乐的人。故选A项。4Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?AAn Honorable WomanBA Woman Acplishing Great ThingsCMy HeroHattie Elizabeth AlexanderDThe First Woman President of the APS答案与解析：C考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文讲述的是作者心目中的英雄哈蒂伊丽莎白亚历山大。故选C项。BLeeds Library

12、 CalendarMonday 10 April 18:00-20:00Leeds Centre for Victorian Studies The Gott collection and the Yorkshire Landscape.Nicole Harding talks aboutte Gott collection.Admission: FREESaturday 6 May 13:00-15:30Members Film Club: The Best Actor and Actress SeasonThere Will Be Blood(15) 158 mins.Daniel Pla

13、inview (Day Lewis) is a down-and-out silver miner who strikes it rich and bees an oil tycoon. When he learns of a small oil-rich town in Californis, he moves there with his adopted son. Using his son to project the image of a caring family man, Plainview gains the cooperation of almost all the local

14、s in the town, with promises to help develop their munity but over time, Plainviews gradual accumulation of wealth and power causes his true self to surface.Admission: 3(including a glass of wine).To book please click here.Wednesday 17 May 18:00-20:00Members Film Club: The Best Actor and Actress Sea

15、sonBorn Yesterday (PG) 116 mins.Judy Holliday plays Billie Dawn, the dumb blonde girlfriend of Harry Brook (Broderick Crawford), a corrupt millionaire junk dealer. Brock, a man with social ambitions, is embarrassed by Billies rube behavior, so he arranges for her to take a crash course in culture fr

16、om a handsome, young journalist (Willian Holden). Billie learns really quickly under his kind guide and bees increasingly aware of her role in Brocks business deals.Admission: 3(including a glass of wine).To book please click here.Thursday 8 June 18:00-20:30Big Book End Event: In Conversation With C

17、andace Robb and Chris NicksonHistorian and historical crime fiction author, Candace Robb will be in conversation with historical crime fiction author, Chris Nickson on Thurs 8 June, 7 p.m. at the Leeds Library.Admission: 3To book please click here.1.What film will be shown on 6thMay?A. Judy Holliday

18、.B.A Glass of Wine.C. There Will Be Blood.D. Born Yesterday.2.What do we know about Billie Dawn from Born Yesterday?A. She is embarrassed by he bad manners.B. She realizes what to be expected of her.C. She contributes to her family business.D. She admires her course teacher.3.Who will attend Big Boo

19、k End Event at the Leeds Library?A. Candace Robb.B. William Holden.C. Daniel Plainview.D. Broderick Crawford.【文章大意】本文为一则广告，介绍了四月份到六月份在Leeds Library要进行的四个活动。1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段可知6 May 要上映There Will Be Blood，故选C。3.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段Historian and historical crime fiction author, Candace Robb will be in

20、 conversation with historical crime fiction author, Chris Nickson on Thurs 8 June, 7 p.m. at the Leeds Library.可知，Candace Robb将要在Leeds Library出席Big Book End Event，故选A。二、七选五(2018郑州第一次质量预测)Do People Need Small Talk to Be Happy? Psychologists (心理学家) have long said that connecting with others is an impo

21、rtant part of happiness, but just how much conversation we require is under examination. In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related to happiness. _1_ Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding Late last year, Princeton researchers rep

22、orted that small talk keeps closeness with loved ones, and isnt merely the stuff of awkward exchanges with strangers.Still, chatting with strangers could brighten your morning. In a series of experiments, psychologists gave Chicago passengers different directions about whether to talk with fellow pa

23、ssengerssomething they typically avoided. _2_ None of the chatters reported being rejected.Small talk can also help us feel connected with our surroundings. People who smiled at, made eye contact with, and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas(服务员) reported a greater sense of belonging than th

24、ose who rushed through the transaction(交易). _3_ One report found that when volunteers broke the silence to chat with gallery goers, the visitors felt happier and more connected with the exhibit than those who were not approached. _4_ In one study, people who were rated “less curious” by researchers

25、had trouble getting a conversation rolling on their own, and had greater luck building closeness with others when they were supplied with questions that encouraged personal disclosure(透露). But people who were considered “curious” needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things i

26、nto personal exchanges. _5_.AThe same is true of gallery goers.BBut dont play down small talk just yet.CThey found that small talk is related to happiness.DThose told to chat with others reported a more pleasant journey.EMaking small talk is an important skill for all the social situations.FA “curio

27、us mindset”， the author concluded, can lead to “positive social interactions” .GOf course, some people are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger.【文章大意】本文主要讲述了聊天会让人开心。1答案与解析：B根据上文的“In one study，researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related t

28、o happiness”和下文的“Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding”可知，此处表示转折关系，所以选B项“但是，不要贬低聊天的重要性”。2答案与解析：D根据下文的“None of the chatters reported being rejected”可推知，应选D项。那些被要求去和陌生人聊天的乘客说旅途更加愉快。3答案与解析：A根据下文的“chat with gallery goers”可知，应选A项。参观美术馆的人也有同样的感受。4答案与解析：G根据本段中对两类人的介绍可推知，有些人更擅长把聊天话题扩大，所以选

29、G项。5答案与解析：F根据上文的“But people who were considered curious needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges”可推知，具有好奇心的人会与他人进行积极的社交互动，所以选F项。三、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词

30、用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018湖北四地七校联考)The sun was just slowly e up over the mountains today as I took my dogs for its morning walk.I smiled as I watched the clouds gradually turn to white and gold.The air was cool and I wore a big smile in my fac

31、e.Even though there werent leaf on the trees，but I could still hear birds singing songs of spring.Even my dogs seemed to notice the different in the air.They were playing instead of just do their morning business in the grass.The particular golden sun seemed to make it a beautiful day.As I headed ba

32、ck，I realize something.The beauty of day didnt e from the warmth of the sun.It came from the warmth within my own heart and soul.【答案】The sun was just slowly up over the mountains today as I took my dogs for morning walk.I smiled as I watched the clouds gradually turn to white and gold.The air was co

33、ol and I wore a big smile my face.Even though there werent on the trees，/ I could still hear birds singing songs of spring.Even my dogs seemed to notice the in the air.They were playing instead of just their morning business in the grass.The golden sun seemed to make it a beautiful day.As I headed b

34、ack，I something.The beauty of day didnt e from the warmth of the sun.It came from the warmth within my own heart and soul.第一处：e改为ing。此处表示“今天太阳越过山头慢慢升起来时我带着我的狗去散步”可知，e up动作正在发生，故用过去进行时态，故把e改为ing。第二处：its改为their。根据上文的“took my dogs”可知，指代dogs的形容词性物主代词要用their，所以把its改为their。第三处：in改为on。根据句意“笑容满面”，只能用介词on而不是

35、in，所以把in改为on。第四处：leaf改为leaves。leaf作“树叶”讲时是可数名词，前无限定词修饰；且其前的谓语动词也是复数形式werent，所以应把leaf改为leaves。第五处：but改为yet或删除but。根据句意及分析句子结构可知，此句中含有Even though引导的让步状语从句，主句为I could still hear birds singing songs of spring，所以连词but是多余的，应删除或者改为副词yet。第六处：different改为difference(s)。由句中的定冠词“the”和“in the air”可知，此处应用名词differen

36、ce，且difference为可数名词，其前的定冠词the不能决定其单复数的形式，前后句子也无法判断其单复数，所以用复数也可以，故应把different改为difference(s)。第七处：do改为doing。由do前的介词短语“instead of”可知，其后动词只能用动名词形式，所以应把do改为doing。第八处：particular改为particularly。由“golden sun”可知，应用particular的副词形式来修饰其后的“golden sun”，所以应把particular改为particularly。第九处：realize改为realized。根据所在句子的时间状语

37、“As I headed back”可知，realize发生的时间与headed back是同时的，故也应用一般过去时，所以应把realize改为realized。第十处：在day前加the。此处特指上文叙述的“today”，所以应在day前加the。四、语法填空(2018江西名校联盟检测)Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to capture the attention of the world. Kung fu，_1_ (especial), has had a great effect_2_ the millions of people w

38、ho first learned about China through it. From that, they may e to China and learn about some other_3_ (aspect) of this culture. Other Asian nations have long known about the_4_ (great) of ancient Chinese culture. Their own cultures are_5_ mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics. Korea a

39、nd Japan long ago adopted Confucianism, something that continues today even as it_6_ (challenge) by pop culture. This strength es from the ideas_7_ (give) in the Four Books of Confucianism, which built upon the ideas of an even_8_ (much) ancient period codified (编纂) in the Five Classics. From them,

40、the West learns_9_ is uniquely Chinese, for example, feng shui. So far China has taken steps_10_ (further) this spread of its culture by establishing Chinese Cultural Centers in such places as the United States and Europe.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国文化对世界的影响。1答案与解析：especially考查副词。尤其是中国功夫，对于那些通过功夫初次了解中国的成千上万

41、的人来讲，有着非常大的影响。especially“尤其是”，用于强调突出的人或者事情。2答案与解析：on考查介词。have aeffect on sb“对某人有影响”为固定搭配，故填on。3答案与解析：aspects考查名词单复数。他们可能会来到中国，学习了解中国文化的一些其他方面。根据空前的“some other”及aspect作“方面，层面”讲时是可数名词可知，此处应用aspect的复数形式aspects。4答案与解析：greatness考查名词。其他亚洲国家很早以前就知道古代中国文化的博大。根据空前的“the”及空后的“of”可知，此处应填名词greatness。5答案与解析：a考查冠词

42、。这些国家自身的文化是本土文化和中国特色(文化)的混合。mix在此作名词，意为“混合，结合”，是可数名词，且此处表示泛指，故用a。6答案与解析：is challenged考查动词的时态和语态。根据本文的基本时态为一般现在时可知，此处亦用一般现在时；it在此指代上文中的“Confucianism”，和challenge之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填is challenged。7答案与解析：given考查过去分词。这种力量来自“四书”中所提供的观念。the ideas与give之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。8答案与解析：more考查比较级。“四书”是依照“五经”的编纂中所体现的更为早期的思想而著成的。根据句意及空前的“even”可知，此处应用比较级形式，故填more。9答案与解析：what考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导宾语从句，作learns的宾语，空处在句中作主语，且此处表示“所的事物”，故用what。10答案与解析：to further考查不定式。目前，中国已经采取措施进一步推广中国文化。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作目的状语，故应用不定式形式。further在此用作动词，意为“促进，增进”。