英语句子的翻译TRANSLATION.ppt

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1、,春江水暖鸭先知,高中英语辅导讲座,句子翻译（一） 定语从句翻译 状语从句翻译,句字的扩展,从句 名词性从句 修饰性从句 主语 表语 宾语 同位语 定语 状语,定语从句翻译,一些含有定语从句的谚语 使用定语从句注意事项 一些特殊的定语从句 定语从句与其它句式的重叠 定语从句与其它句式的转换 翻译练习,Good Friends,患难朋友才是真朋友。 A friend in need is a friend indeed. A friend who is in need is a friend who is indeed. 省一分等于挣一分。 A penny saved is a penny ea

2、rned. A penny which is saved is a penny which is earned.,总赞美我们的人未必都是朋友。 All are not friends that speak us fair. All that speak us fair are not friends. 闪光的未必是金子。 All is not gold that glitters. All that glitters is not gold. 不到长城非好汉。 He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.,少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

3、A man who neglects his studies in youth will regret it in later years. 结果好一切好。 Alls well that ends well.,定语从句：,概念：在句子中起定语作用的从句叫定语从句（the Attributive Clause） 它所修饰的词叫先行词 引导定语从句的词叫关系代词 that/ which/ who/ whom/ whose/ as 关系副词when/ where/ why/ that,1.The first metal was copper. 2.The dinner was the most ex

4、pensive meal. 3.There is nothing. 4. Honey is the only food.,1.The first metal that was produced by man was copper.,2.The dinner was the most expensive meal that I had ever had.,3.There is nothing that can be used to replace the work of human brains.,4. Honey is the only food that does not spoil.,5.

5、 We were deeply impressed by the teachers and school. 6. Alice is not the girl.,5. We were deeply impressed by the teachers and school that we had visited there.,6. Alice is not the girl that she used to be.,上述情况只用that不用 which,wh-word 与th-word 的交替使用,1. Who is the man? 2. What does she do? 3. Which i

6、s the hotel? 4. Those please put up your hands. 5. Those now have been possible. 6. He laughs best.,1. Who is the man that is talking to John?,2. What does she do that is different from others?,3. Which is the hotel that you stayed at last year?,4. Those who are against the proposal please put up yo

7、ur hands.,5. Those which were impossible in the past now have been possible.,6. He who laughs last laughs best.,介词+关系代词,依据三个因素：先行词的意义 从句谓语动词结构 此结构在从句的作用 关注点：A: 介词+ which （ 指物 ） + whom （ 指人 ） B：在定语从句中找动词的正确搭配,1.This is the reporter we gained the information about the fight in Iraq. 2. The poor servic

8、e he complained should be dealt with as soon as possible. 3. He made experiments one after another in order to find the direction the electrons move.,1.This is the reporter from whom we gained the information about the fight in Iraq.,2. The poor service about which he complained should be dealt with

9、 as soon as possible.,3. He made experiments one after another in order to find the direction in which the electrons move.,4. The dictionary I paid 50 dollars proves to be very useful. I spent 50 dollars was worth 50 dollars 5. A large amount of reading the students should concentrate their attentio

10、n is often ignored. the students should pay attention the students should take much notice,4. The dictionary for which I paid 50 dollars proves to be very useful. on which I spent 50 dollars which was worth 50 dollars which cost me 50 dollars,5. A large amount of reading on which the students should

11、 concentrate their attention is often ignored. to which the students should pay attention of which the students should take much notice,6.The thing we felt proud was the natural scenery here. we took pride we prided ourselves,6.The thing of which we felt proud was the natural scenery here. in which

12、we took pride on which we prided ourselves,一个意思多种表达,7.It is believed that careless driving which causes a lot of traffic accidents is the first killer on the road. which brings about which leads to which results in 8.He was the criminal who was accused of committing murder. who was charged with who

13、was blamed for,一些特殊的定语从句,the sameas 与 the samethat one of. 与 the one of than but,the same as 相同的两个事物 the same that 相同的一个事物 I have bought the same schoolbag as you did. 我买了一个与你买的相同的书包。 I have found the same book that you lost. 我找到你丢掉的那（同一）本书。,one of与 the one of one of the kids +who V.(复数) the one of

14、the kids +who V.(单数),Tom is one of the students who are from America. Tom is exactly the one of the professors who is working in China. 注意： One of the new books has several pages missing.,than、 but 引出的定语从句,than: 1.定语从句 2.一般名词被比较级修饰后 Dont give him more money than is necessary. Theyve finished more wo

15、rk than (was) expected. but: 1.定语从句 2.用在There be 的否定句中 There is no tree but bears fruit. There is nobody but wishes to help the victims who are suffering from the seaquake .,定语从句与其他句式重叠使用,定语从句和地点状语从句 at the place where; where 定语从句和结果状语从句 suchasthat 定语从句和表语从句 The reason whyis that 定语从句和强调结构 It iswher

16、e/when/thatthat,与地点状语从句一起用时： 她（在你放这篇短文的地方）找到了它并（在应该改进的地方）做了问号标记。 She found the essay and put a question mark at the place. 与结果状语从句一起用时： 杭州是一个如此（令人难以想象的）美丽的地方（每年都吸引着成千上万的观光客）。 Hangzhou is a nice place you can hardly imagine _ .,She found the essay where you laid it and put a question mark at the plac

17、e where improvements should be made.,Hangzhou is such a nice place as you can hardly imagine that it attracts millions of tourists every year.,与表语从句一起用时,(他热衷于当志愿者的）原因是他觉得(给别人带来快乐的)人才是世界上最快乐的人。 The reason why he is keen on becoming a volunteer is that he thinks the person who brings happiness to othe

18、rs is the happiest one in the world.,与强调结构一起用时,It +be +被强调的短语+that/who+句子的其余部分 婚礼正是要在（我第一次遇见亨利的）渡船上举行。 It is on the ferry where I met Harry for the first time that the wedding will be held. 正是在那个（上星期才开张的)健身室你看见了那个著名的时装模特吗？ Was it at the health studio which/that was opened last week that you saw the

19、famous fashion model? 就是在（新中国成立的哪个)秋天他返回了祖国。 It was in the autumn when new China was founded that he returned to his motherland.,定语从句与其它句式的转换,与主语从句的转换 与表语从句的转换 与宾语从句的转换 与地点状语从句的转换,定语从句与主语从句的转换,（他未被邀请的）原因不得而知。 The reason why he was not invited is not known. Why he was not invited is not known. （我们举行聚

20、会的）地点正在讨论中 The place where we will have the get-together is being discussed. Where we will have the get-together is being discussed.,定语从句与表语从句， 宾语从句的转换,那就是（我一直寻找的）东西。 That is the thing that I am looking for. That is what I am looking for. 你知道（他做这件事的）方法吗？ Do you know the way he did it? Do you know ho

21、w he did it?,定语从句与地点状语从句的转换,请（在有问题的地方）做出标记。 Please make a mark at a place where you have a question. Please make a mark where you have a question.,More Exercises,定语从句练习,1. 我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。（those who） 2. 他们应该从这件事中吸取教训：玩火者必自焚。(he who) 3. 因为缺少实践，他没有通过驾驶考试。(The reason why) 4. 你在日本买的相机比我买的哪个质量好多了。(the

22、 one) 5. 据报道这两天旅行社挤满了打算外出过春节的人。（(It is reported) 6. 你是不是在以前常去的理发店里看到警方通缉的那个人. (强调句） 7. 热胀冷缩的原理可以运用于造桥和修建公路方面。(apply) 8. 水往低处流是个不可改变的自然法则。 (law of nature) 9. 简直难以置信，世界上竟有过目不忘的人。(It) 10.汤姆说妈妈给他的巧克力被哪个红头发的男孩拿走了。(take),定语从句练习,1. I find it hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinio

23、ns. 2. They should learn a lesson from this incident: he who plays with fire will surely get burnt. 3. The reason why he didnt pass the driving test was that he lacked practice.,4. The camera you bought in Japan is of better quality than the one I bought. 5. It is reported that these days travel age

24、ncies are crowded with people who plan to have the Spring Festival outside homes. 6. Is it at the barbers where you used to have your hair cut that you saw the man wanted by the police?,7. The principle that a matter will expand when (it is) heated and (it will) shrink when (it is) cooled can be app

25、lied to the building of bridges and highways. 8. That water flows from a higher place to a lower place is the law of nature which cant be changed.,9. It is hard to believe that there should be some people who will not forget whatever they have seen. 10. Tom said that the chocolate which his mother h

26、ad given him was taken away by the red-haired boy.,春江水暖鸭先知,高中英语辅导讲座,句子翻译（一） 定语从句翻译 状语从句翻译,状语从句的翻译,一些含状语从句的谚语 状语从句注意事项 一部分状语从句连词的用法 状语从句的倒装 状语从句的省略 翻译练习,Think before you leap.,有志者事竟成。 Where theres a will ,there is a way. 有总比没有好。 Something is better than nothing. 如果你同时抓两只 ， 你一只也逮不着。 If you run after t

27、wo hares, you will catch neither. 不在， 上锅灶。 When the cats away, the mice will play.,一份耕耘,一份收获. As you sow, so shall you reap. 种豆得豆，种瓜得瓜。 Garbage in, garbage out. Youll have something nice out as you have something nice in.,状语从句,时间、地点、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较 位于句首时，一般要用逗号与主句分开；位于句尾时一般不用逗号。 时态的呼应、主谓的呼应、指代的

28、呼应、逻辑意思的呼应,一些连词的用法,before 要过（很久）才 It will be before 没过（多久）就 It wont bebefore 似乎仅仅过几分钟他就画完了那副画。 It seemed only several minutes before he finished the drawing. 过不了两天他爸爸就会回来的。 It wont be two days before his father comes back.,when 表示突然发生某事（就在那时=and at that time and then 我在去看你的途中碰到了威尔逊。 我刚要离开电话铃响了。 八点了，

29、客人们告辞了。 I was just coming along to see you when I ran into Wilson. I was about to leave when the telephone rang. It was eight oclock when the guests took their leave.,while 当的时候； 然而；尽管 =（although, though） 趁热打铁。 你喜欢运动而我更宁愿看书。 尽管我很喜欢这顶帽子的颜色可我不喜欢它的形状。 Strike while the iron is hot. You like sports, whil

30、e Id rather read. While I much like the color of the hat, I dont like its shape.,Though 尽管；尽管如此(adv.) 尽管我很喜欢这顶帽子的颜色可我不喜欢它的形状。 Though I much like the color of the hat, I dont like the shape. (= although, while ) Much though I like the color of the hat, I dont like the shape. (= as ) I much like the c

31、olor of the hat. I dont like the shape, though. (= however ) I much like the color of the hat, but I dont like the shape. ( but= and yet ) I much like the color of the hat, however, I dont like the shape.,In spite of 尽管= despite 他已竭尽全力但仍然失败了。 In spite of + all his efforts, he failed. + the fact that

32、 he made great efforts, + what he did with an effort, ,注意 if句的时态变化,如果他愿意做，他就能做得很好。 如果你打算做你就要为此做准备。 如果我明天看完了这本书我就会给你。 If he will do it , he will do it well. If you are to do it , youll have to prepare for it. If I have finished reading the book tomorrow, Ill give it to you.,so that / in order that 目的

33、状语从句须出现情态动词（can , may, will）,为了提高她的英语水平她在这里呆了六月。 我今天起床很早以便能赶上早班车 She is staying here for six months so that she can perfect her English. I got up early this morning in order that I could catch the early bus.,the moment-as soon as 一 就,the moment-as soon as 一 就 at the moment-now 此时此刻 at any moment -at

34、 any time 随时随地 for the moment-for the present-for the time being 暂时 for a moment-for a minute-for a while 片刻，一会儿 in a moment-in a minute-in an instant-in a while马上立刻 比较下面两句话中的the moment 我刚一看见她就喜欢她。 台湾回归祖国的那一刻会到来的。 The moment I saw her, I liked her. 时状连词 The moment will come (when Taiwan will return

35、to China.) 名词做了主语,the first time 连词词组-第一次,the first time 连词词组-第一次 for the first time 过去时状-头一次 for the time being 暂时 It is the first time thathave done It was the first time that.had done 比较下面两个句子 这是我第一次来这里。 这正是我头一次到这里来。 It was the first time that I had come here. It was for the first time that I cam

36、e here. (I came here for the first time.),the instant = the moment,the instant = the moment for instance = for example 我一眼就认出了她 他的几个朋友来了，比如，本、卡罗尔、麦克。 I recognized her the instant I saw her. Several his friends came: Ben, Carol and Mike, for instance.,because in that,网球运动和太极拳( shadowboxing)相似（因为）它们都需

37、要注意力集中。 关于那事他们什么也没说是因为我们在场/ 他的瘸腿/ 他妻子在那/ 我们不知道那事。 Tennis and shadowboxing are similar because / in that they both require your attention 。 They said nothing about it just because of us . because of his bad legs. his wife ()being there. what we didnt know.,Since 1. 既然，因为= now that 2.自从 （现在完成时状语),既然你不

38、能回答这个问题，我们也许该问问别人。 自从我上次见到你以后，你到哪儿去了？ 我已有好多年没像昨晚那样痛快了。 Since you cant answer the question, perhaps we d better ask someone else. Where have you been since I last saw you? It has been / is years since I enjoyed myself so much as last night. 比较下列两个句子 It is a long time since I saw you last. It was a lo

39、ng time since I had seen you.,“as”常用在下列从句,“as”常用在下列从句 定语从句 “正像，正如” 时间状语从句 “随着， 一边一边” 原因状语从句 “由于” 方式状语从句 “按照，依照” 让步状语从句 “尽管” 比较状语从句 “和 一样”,David, as you know, is a photographer. As the election approached, the violence got worse. As you were not there, I left a message. When in Rome, do as the Romans

40、 do. Impossible as it seems ,its true. I was as surprised as anyone when they offered me the job.,比较状语从句,倍数比较 同级比较与比较级比较连用 愈就愈 A对B来说就像C对D一样,比较状语从句,A is +倍数 three times + 1. as long as B. + 2. longer than B. + 3. the length of B.,倍数：twice, half, two- thirds ,double, fifty per cent big、 much、 heavy、 d

41、eep、 wide bigger、 more、 heavier、 deeper、 wider size、 amount、 weight、 depth、 width,同级比较与比较级比较连用,A和B一样好或者比B更好。 A如果不比B好的话至少和B一样好 A比B好或者至少和B一样好 A is as good as or better than B A is as good as B, if not better. A is better than, or at least as good as B,The more.,the more愈就愈,The more., the more if条件句（一般

42、现在时） 主句（一般将来时） 你愈努力你的进步就会愈大。 他从来没想到题目越容易就应该越仔细。 The harder you work, the more progress you will make. It never occurs to him that the easier the exercises are , the more careful he should be.,A对B来说就像C对D一样,A is to B ，as (what) C is to D. As C is to D , so is A to B。 What C is to D , that is A to B. 空

43、气对人来说就像水对鱼一样重要。 武器对士兵来说就像农具对农民一样重要 Air is to man as water is to fish. As weapons are to soldiers, so is farming tools to farmers.,as if引导的方式状语从句经常使用虚拟语气,与主句动作同时发生时用一般过去时 在主句动作发生之前发生用过去完成时 She walked past me as if I did not exist. Tom talked about the Summer Palace as if he had been there a hundred t

44、imes. 注意： It seems/ looks as if its going to rain.,状语从句的倒装,九种状语从句有四种出现倒装现象， 即：时间、条件、结果、让步,时间状语从句的倒装,No sooner .than Hardly/scarcely/Barelywhen Not until 我刚一到家天就下雨了。 我们刚一坐好演出就开始了。 直到你提醒我我才意识到此事的重要性。 No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. Hardly had we taken the seats when the show began. Not

45、 until you reminded me did I realize the importance of it.,“if”虚拟条件从句中的倒装,我要是你我就不跟他一起去。 昨晚我要是穿上大衣，我就不会感冒了。 如果明天再下雪，交通就更糟糕了。 Were I you , I would not go with him. Had I worn my overcoat last night, I would not have caught a cold. Should it snow again tomorrow, the traffic would be getting worse.,结果状语

46、从句的倒装,So + 形容词+倒装句+ that句 副词 他跑得如此快我很难赶上他。 这个题目真简单我们大多数人都能做出来。 So fast did he run that I could hardly catch up with him. So easy was the problem that most of us could work it out.,让步状语从句 “as ”尽管,形容词 + as +主语 副词 （不含冠词的）名词 （一部分）动词,Old as he is, he never stops learning. Heavily as it rained, the footba

47、ll match was held as planned. Housewife as she is, she takes much notice of the current affairs. Try as he may, he never seems able to do his work beautifully. Miss the bus as I did, I managed to find someone to share a taxi to come back.,状语从句的省略,状语从句在实际的使用中会有许多省略情况。 其中时间、地点、条件、方式从句常可省略主 语和be动词而只保留形

48、容词、分词、不定式、 介词短语等。 在使用省略形式时要注意： 1. 省略的主语和主句的主语的一致性 2. 省略的是 be， 否则一般不用省略形式,1.While in the countryside, he learned a lot about farming. 2.If possible, I will send you a fax first tomorrow morning. 3.Once seen, the film is not easily forgotten. 4.Unless invited, he will not take part in the birthday par

49、ty. 5.He closed his eyes as if sleeping. 6.Although/Though lonely, he was cheerful.,在比较状语从句中也常用省略形式， 通常省略一些相同的成分。 例如： Mike plays volleyball as well as (Sam), if not better than Sam. A trip by sea costs less than a trip by air (does).,More Exercises,状语从句练习,1. 我们将进一步的讨论，然后再做出最终结论.（before） 2. 这个地区的经济发展

50、很快，可是某些市民的素质还不尽如人意。(Although) 3. 不管天有多晚，他从不把今天的事拖到明天。(No matter) 4. 多参加些体育锻炼，你就不那么容易感冒了。(if ) 5. 直到被送入手术间，他才明白遵守交通规则的重要性。(until) 6. 我第一次写英语作文时，犯了许多拼写错误。(The first time) 7. 一听到电话铃声，孩子们就抢着去接。(the moment ) 8. 要是我在过去的几年里坚持均衡的饮食，我现在就不会有胃病了。( Had ) 9. 世界上越来越多的人受到爱滋病的威胁，因此必须采取积极措施。( so ) 10.一旦你下定决心，无论遇到什么困

51、难都不要放弃。( once ),状语从句练习,We will have a further discussion before we draw/made a final conclusion. Although the economy in this area is developing rapidly, the qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory. However late it is, he never puts off what must be done today till tomorrow.,4. If you

52、take /have more exercise(s), you will not catch/are not likely to catch a cold easily. 5. He didnt realized the importance of observing/following/keeping/carrying out the traffic regulations/rules until he was sent into the operating room. 6. The first time I wrote an English composition, I made a l

53、ot of spelling mistakes.,7. The moment they heard the phone rang, the children all jumped up to get it. 8. Had I keep a balanced diet for the past few years, I would not have stomach trouble now. 9. More and more people in the world are threatened with AIDS, so positive measures must be taken. 10. Once you have made up your mind, never give up no matter what difficulty you meet with.,Thank you! Goodbye!,