高考英语真题练习——阅读理解

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1、阅读表达一阅读理解（共13小题）1（2020天津）IrememberthedayshynesstookovermylifeIwas14andhavingaFrenchlessonTheteachertoldustorecordourselvesspeakingaboutaholidayPerfect!IrecordedmyselfwithconfidenceThen，IpressedplaytolistenbackAllIheardwasalittlekidtalkingMyimmediatereactionwastoassumeIwaslisteningtosomeoneelsesrecor

2、dingButthatwasmyvoiceIrealisedtherewassomethingstrangeaboutmeMylittlevoicehasmademefeelreallyshyAndmyshynesshascausedmetoavoidattendingevents，notmakeimportantconnections，andkeepmyideastomyselfAsashyperson，workingfromhome，hidingbehindmycomputerwasbrilliantButthemoretimeIspenthiddenaway，themoremycomfo

3、rtzoneshrank（缩小）Everydayinteractions，likeorderingacoffee，becameincreasinglyawkwardanduncomfortableAndthen，onedayIwasatabigconferenceanditsuddenlyhitmelikelightningAllspeakerswereconfident，comfortablewithbeingseenTherewerenoquietervoicesButthetroubleis，iftheloudvoicesaretheonlyonesyouhear，wequietpeop

4、lefeelevenmorealienated（疏远的）TheworldneedsamixtureofpersonalitiesSuccessisnotjustaboutwhocanshouttheloudestTheworldneedsquieterpeople，tooThatdayIchosetostophidingandembracemyshynessNomorefeelinglikeIneededtochangewhoIaminordertosucceedNomorelivingasmalllifeThenIcreatedtheShyandMightySociety，aspacefor

5、shypeoplelikemetoshine，andintheprocessofhelpingothers，Icouldalsopushmyselfforward，bitbybitNow，ImhappytotellpeopleIfeelshyImnotashamedanymoreAndIknowthatImnotalone（1）Whydidtheauthorfeelstrangeaboutherselfafterlisteningtotherecording？（nomorethan10words）（2）WhatisthemainideaofPara2？（nomorethan10words）（3

6、）WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinPara3mean？（1word）（4）WhydidtheauthorcreatetheShyandMightySociety？（nomorethan10words）（5）SupposeyouareinchargeoftheShyandMightySociety，whatwillyoudotohelpothershypeople？Andwhy？（nomorethan20words）2（2020天津）Asanyyoungerbrotherwilltellyou，havingabigbrotherinvolvesalotofwalkingin

7、someoneelsesshadow，especiallywhenyouhaveabrotherwhoisatypicalexampleofcoolForyearsIwantedtodo1/46everythingmyelderbrotherTysondid，butnomatterhowhardItried，Iwasalwaystheneglected（被忽略的）oneMylegsjustwerentmadetorunlikehisIcouldneverplayfootballorbasketballwellIprobablywouldhavecontinuedtryingtokeepupwi

8、thhimfortherestofmyhighschoolcareer，butwhenmyfamilymoved，everythingchangedTysonleftforcollege，soIhadtostartatanewschoolallbymyselfThisnewstartgavemeanopportunitytoredefinemyselfanddiscoveranentirelynewversionofcoolIdontknowwhatmademedecidetotrysomenewactivitiesatthenewschool，butonedayIchancedtoshowu

9、pforanafterschoolmeetingoftheScienceOlympiadteamIhadalwaysbeenfascinatedwithchemistry，biology，andmath，butsincethoseinterestshadntfitTysonsdefinitionofcool，IhadneverpursuedthemOnthisday，forsomereason，IdidAsweorganizedteams，preparedresourcesandpracticedansweringquestions，IfeltmoreconnectedthanIeverhad

10、toanysportsteamIdidntfeelasthoughIneededtokeepupwithanybodyelse；IwasfinallywithpeerswhounderstoodmeItwassogoodtofeelacceptedforwhatImgoodatForthefirsttimeinmylife，IactuallyfeltcoolNowIknowwhoIam！ImTysonslittlebrother，butthatsonlypartofmyidentityImacoolguyinmyownway，tooImrelievedtoknowthatcoolhasamuc

11、hbroaderdefinitionthanwhatIusedtothink（1）HowdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedpartinParagraph1？（nomorethan8words）（2）Whatchangesofferedanewstarttotheauthorafterhisfamilymoved？（nomorethan15words）（3）AccordingtoParagraph3，whatmarkedtheturningpointintheauthorsgrowth？（nomorethan7words）（4）WhatdoesParagraph4mainl

12、ytalkabout？（nomorethan10words）（5）Whatisyourexampleofcool？Pleaseexplainwhy（nomorethan20words）3（2019天津）HazeMabry，whohasworkedasaschoolkeeperforthirteenyears，walksintotheschoolbuildingeverydayandemptiesgarbagecans，wipesdownbathroomsandmopswetmessesinthehallwaysLastFriday，afterhearrivedattheschool，inste

13、adoffindinggarbagetocleanup，hefoundalmost800studentsliningthehallwayswithhandmadecards，blowingnoisemakersandsingingafullthroatedhappybirthdaytohimItwashis80thAshewalkedthelonghallway，somepoppedoutoflinetohughimTheyhandedhimsomanycardsthattheyfilledseverallargeboxesTouchedbytheirenthusiasticexpressio

14、nofaffection，MabrythankedthemallTheyrelikemychildren，MabrysaidOnaregularday，studentsattheschoolsometimescomeuptohimtosaytheyrenotfeelingwellorothertimestotellhimaboutsomethingthathappenedatbreakHeknowsmostofthekidsattheschool，butcantnameeach2/46oneSomeofthemmakehimknowthemLikeFaith，whooftenforgetshe

15、rbackpackinthecafeteria，andLucy，whojustwantsahugHewontbrag（夸耀）onhimself，butitdoesntmatterwhathesdoingorwhereheis，hewillalwaysstopwhathesdoingtotakecareofachildifthatchildishavingabaddayIfachildapproacheshim，hewillpausetogivethatchildhisundividedattentionHesthemostlovedoneinthisbuilding，saidLoriGilre

16、atli，areadingteacherMabryworkscirclesaroundallthestudents，cleaningupmessesothersdontwanttotouchHedoesntexpectalotMabrysaidhehadntplannedtodomuchforhismilestonebirthday，sohewashappythestudentshadpreparedthesurprisecelebrationOvertheweekend，heworkedthroughthepilesofhandmadecardsathishouseOnecardfromas

17、tudentstoodouttohimItread：MrHaze，youaremysunshine（1）WhatisMabrysdailyworkasaschoolkeeper？（nomorethan5words）（2）HowdidthestudentscelebrateMabrysbirthday？（nomorethan15words）（3）WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph2probablymean？（1word）（4）WhyisMabryspresenceattheschoolimportant？（nomorethan10words）（5）Whois

18、thesunshineinyourlife？Pleaseexplain（nomorethan20words）4（2018天津）SomepeoplelivetoclimbthehighestmountainsSomepeopleliveonlydreamingaboutitwhileotherslivetoavoideverclimbingatallButonethingiscertain，allpeopleencountermountainsintheirlifeWhenIwasalittlegirl，myfamilymovedtoatinytownatthebottomofabigmount

19、ainOnedayafterschool，whileexploringthegreenwoodsofthismagnificentmountain，IalmostfellonasetofstairsWhatcouldthesestepsleadto？CuriositygotthebestofmeasIknewitwouldbestartingtogetdarksoonIstartedclimbingupthosestrangelymysteriousstepsIclimbedandclimbedTherewasnothingbutjustgreenbushesandthesestepsIhad

20、toreachthetop!ButitwasnowgettingrealdarkIfIkeptgoingImightnotbeabletoseemywaybackMymumwouldbeworriedsickifIdidntcomehomesoonSoIranbackhomealmostinthedarkwhiletryingnottogettooscaredAnxiouslyIwenttobeddreamingaboutwhatIwouldfindatthetopofthismagicalmountainCouldtherebeacastleupthere？MaybeIwouldfindam

21、onster（怪物）MaybeIwastakingtheriskofnevercomingback3/46homeOr，maybeallIwouldfindwasabsolutelynothing!ButsomethinginsidemewasgoingtoclimbthatmountainatallcostIcouldhardlywaittotrythisadventureagainNowweliveinaworldsurroundedbythecantdoattitudesWeallfalldownWeallhavedoubtsandregretsStillwemustclimbanddr

22、eamaboutwhatsatthetopofourmountainMonstersmayappearorthenightwillfallButneverevergiveuponyourdream!Neverletanyonetellyou，YoucantDreambigandclimbhigh！（1）Whatmadetheauthorstarttoclimbupthestairstothemountaintop？（nomorethan5words）（2）Whydidtheauthorhurrybackhomewithoutreachingthetopofthemountain？Givetwo

23、reasons（nomorethan15words）（3）HowwouldyoudescribetheauthorintermsofpersonalitiesaccordingtoParagraph4？（nomorethan10words）（4）Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph？（nomorethan5words）（5）Whatsyourattitudetowardsthemountaininyourlife？Pleaseexplain（nomorethan20words）5（2016上海）Walkingwill

24、bebannedonescalatorsaspartofatraildesignedtoreducecongestion（拥堵）atsomeofthecountrysbusieststationsInthefirstmoveofitskind，alltravelerswillbeforcedtostandonbothsidesofescalatorsontheLondonUndergroundaspartofaplantoincreasecapacity（容量）attheheightoftherushhourAsixmonthtrialwillbeintroducedatHolbornstat

25、ionfrommidApril，eliminatingtheruleofstandingontherightandwalkingontheleftThemove，imitatingasimilarstructureinFarEasterncitiessuchasHongKong，isdesignedtoincreasethenumberofpeopleusinglongescalatorsatthebusiesttimesitcouldbeexpandedacrosstheTubenetworkincomingyearsAccordingtoLondonUnderground，only40pe

26、rcentoftravelerswalkthefulllengthoflongescalators，leavingthemajorityatthebottomastheywaittogetontothestandingsideAthreeweektrialatHolbornlastyearfoundthatthenumberofpeopleusingescalatorsatanyonetimeofcouldberaisedbyalmostathirdPeterMcNaught，operationsdirectoratLondonUnderground，said：Itmaynotseemrigh

27、tthatyoucangoquickerbystandingstill，butourexperimentsatHolbornhaveprovedthatitcanbe4/46trueThisnewsixmonthtrialwillhelpusfindoutifwecaninfluencecustomerstostandonbothsidesinthelongtermHolbornhasoneofthelongestsetsofescalatorsontheUndergroundnetworkat23.4highTubebossesclaimthatcapacitywaslimitedbecau

28、sesofewpeoplewantedtowalkupmeaningonlyonesidewasusedatalltimesResearchhasshownthatitismoreeffectiveuseofescalatorsover18.5tobanwalkingTheprevioustrialfoundthatescalatorsatthestationnormallycarried2，500peoplebetween8：30amand9：30amonatypicalday，risingto3，250duringtheresearchingperiodInthenewtrial，whic

29、hwillbelaunchedfromApril18，oneofthreeupescalatorswillbestandingonly，withasecondbanningwalkingatpeaktimesAthirdwillremainamixofwalkingandstanding（Note：AnsweringthequestionsthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS）78Whatistheexistingproblemwithstandingontherightandwalkingontheleft？79Wha

30、tdidlastyearsthreeweektrialatHolbornstationprove？80Theresearchsuggeststhatwalkingshouldbeforbiddenonescalatorsthatareatleastinheight81Inthenewtrail，inadditiontooneescalatorbanningwalkinginrushhours，theotherupescalatorswillbeusedfor6（2016天津）Ima34yearoldman，married，livedinanicehouse，andhaveasuccessful

31、careerasaneducationalconsultantButmylifewasnotalwayssogreatIhadalearningdisabilityfromanearlyageIwenttoaspecialschoolwhereIgotplentyofextrahelpStill，IsufferedtherestofmyschooldaysinpublicschoolsMylifeimprovedremarkablywhenIdiscoveredartTheartworldgavemeachancetoexpressmyselfwithoutwordsIwenttoaworks

32、hopandgraduallygotgoodatmakingthingswithclay（黏土）HereIlearnedmyfirstimportantlesson：disabledasIwasinlanguageIcouldstillbesmartandwellexpressmyselfwithclayAndmyconfidencecamealongIgotmynextlessonfromrockclimbingItwasafunthingbutIwasscaredfromthestartIsoonnoticeditwasntatalentthing；itwaspracticeSoIdidi

33、tmoreAfteraboutfiveyearsofclimbing，IfoundmyselfinYosemiteValleyonabigwallIlearnedthatifyoufallinlovewithsomethinganddoitallthetime，youwillgetbetteratit5/46LaterIdecidedtoapplymypreviousexperiencetolearninghowtoreadandwriteEverydayIpracticedreadingandwriting，whichIusedtoavoidasmuchaspossibleAftertwoh

34、ardyears，IwasliterateHavinggonethroughthelongprocesswithart，rockclimbing，andreadingandwriting，nowIvegottoapointinmylifewhereIknowIamsmartenoughtodiveintoanareathatistotallyunknown，hard，butinteresting56Whatmadetheauthorsschooldaysdifficult？（Nomorethan5words）57Whydidartgivetheauthorconfidence？（Nomoret

35、han10words）58Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromrockclimbing？（Nomorethan15words）59WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartinParagraph4？（Nomorethan5words）60Howdoestheauthorsstoryinspireyoutoovercomedifficultiesinlife？Putitinyourownwords（Nomorethan20words）7（2014上海）Moreandmorecorporationsaretakinganinterestinco

36、rporatesocialresponsibility（CSR）CSRismadeupofthreebroadlayersThemostbasicistraditionalcorporatecharityworkCompaniestypicallyspendabout1%ofpretaxprofitsonworthyprojectsButmanyfeelthatsimplywritingchequestocharitiesisnolongerenoughInsomecompanies，shareholderswanttoknowthattheirmoneyisbeingputtogooduse

37、，andemployeeswanttobeactivelyinvolvedingoodworksMoneyaloneisnottheanswerwhencompaniescomeunderattackfortheirbehaviorHencethesecondlayerofCSR，whichisabranchofriskmanagementStartinginthe1980s，withenvironmentaldisasterssuchastheexplosionatBhopalandtheExxonValdezoilspill，industryafterindustryhassuffered

38、blowstoitsreputationSo，companiesoftenrespondedbytryingtomanagetherisksTheytalktonongovernmentalorganisations（NGOs）andtogovernments，createcodesofconduct（行为准则）anddevotethemselvestomoretransparency（透明）intheiroperationsIncreasingly，toothey，alongwiththeircompetitors，setcommonrulestospreadrisksAllthisisla

39、rgelydefensive，buttherearealsoopportunitiesforthosethatgetaheadofthegameTheemphasisonopportunityisthethirdlayerofCSR：theideathatitcanhelptocreatevalueIfapproachedinastrategicway，CSRcouldbecomepartofacompanyscompetitiveadvantageThatisjustthesortofthingchiefexecutivesliketohearTheideaofdoingwellbydoin

40、ggoodhasbecomepopularNevertheless，thebusinessoftryingtobegoodisbringingdifficultquestionstoexecutivesCanyoumeasureCSRperformance？ShouldyoubecooperatingwithNGOsandyoureyourcompetitors？Isthereanyreallycompetitiveadvantagetobehadfromagreenstrategy？6/46Corporatesocialresponsibilityisnowseenasamainstream

41、BigcompanieswanttotelltheworldabouttheirgoodcitizenshipwiththeirdevotiontosocialresponsibilitiesDonebadly，CSRisoftenjustwindowdressingandcanbepositivelyharmfulDonewell，though，itisnotsomeseparateactivitythatcompaniesdoontheside，acornerofcorporatelifereservedforvirtue（美德）：itisjustgoodbusiness（Note：Ans

42、werthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS）78Bothinsomecompaniesfinditnolongerenoughtosimplydonatemoneytocharities79Giveoneexampleofthedefensivemeasuresofriskmanagementaccordingtothepassage80Withtheemphasisonopportunity，thethirdlayerofCSRismeantto81Accordingtothepassage，goodbusiness（

43、paragraph6）meansthatcorporationswhilemakingprofits8（2014天津）LastDecember，DorisLowturned90OnceaweekshestilldrivestotheCanadianNationalInstitutefortheBlind（CNIB）inToronto，whereshehelpstransformliteratureintoBraille（CNIB）tobringthepowerofstoryandknowledgetothehearsandmindsofblindreadersShehasbeenvolunte

44、eringhertimeandtalentstosuchenterprisesfoemorethan40yearsAfterworkinginthebusinessworldforawhile，LowgotfedupSosheturnedtoteachingatatechnicalschoolandlatermovedintothelibraryLowsmotherlikedreadingAshereyesbegantofail，lowreadtoherThenhearinganadvertisementencouragingpeopletolearnBraille，Idecidedtogiv

45、eitatryIn1973，shewascertifiedasabrailletranscriber（转译者）andbegantranscribingbooksasavolunteerfortheCNIBlibraryThejobwasstrenuousshecouldgettotheendofapage，makeamistakeonthelastline，andhavetodothewholethingagainForanumberofyears，lowalsoworkedintheCNIBsoundstudioreadingbooksontotapeThreeyearsago，shetoo

46、kupproofreading（校对）attheCNIBswordfactoryInApril，duringVolunteerWeek，theCNIBrecognizedLowforhergreatcontributionsThankstovolunteerslikeLow，theCNIBlibraryhasgotmorethan80，000accessiblematerialsforpeopleunabletoreadtraditionalprintIcantimaginehowmanyreadersofallageshavebenefitedfromDorisscontributionas

47、askilledvolunteerthroughherrichvoiceandherhighdegreeofaccuracyinthehundredsofbooksshehasbrailledandproofreadovertheyearsandsheisstilldoingso，saidaCNIBofficial7/46Forme，saidLow，theCNIBismorethanjustaplacetovolunteerThreethinsmattermostinmylife：alittleplay，alittlework，alittleloveIvefoundthemallhere56W

48、hatdoesLowstilldoattheageof90attheCNIB？（nomorethan10words）57whydidLowlearnBraille？（nomorethan15words）58whatdoestheunderlinedwordstrenuousmostprobablymean？（1word）59WhatareLowscontributionstotheCNIB？（nomorethan10words）60WhatdoyouthinkofLow？Giveyourreasons（nomorethan20words）9（2014四川）Whenmyfatherwascele

49、bratingamilestone（里程碑）birthday，IpulledtogetherasurprisegiftthathewouldneverforgetAshewasapproaching60，Ihadafimidea：WhatifIcouldgetthememoriespeoplehadofhim，puteachoneintoanenvelope60intotalandhavehimopenthem，onebyone，onhisbirthday？SoIwroteanemailtofamilyandfriends，explainingmyideaIsenttheemailandwai

50、tedAndthentherepliesstartedcominginandIwasvery，verysurprisedThereweresomanymemories，andtheywereallsolovelyTheycamefromthe50s，60s，70s，fromeverydecade（十年）betweennowandthedaymydadwasbornTheycamefrommymother，mysiblings，mygrandma，mydadsfriendsfromhighschool，hissister，mydadsfirstboss，acolleagueathisfirstj

51、ob，frompeoplewhohadntseenmydadin40years，frompeopleImyselfhadnteveninformedTheytypedthemandhandwrotethemTheymailedthemandemailedthemThenightbeforeDadsbirthday，mysisterandIstayeduplate，puttingeverythingtogetherwithsomeThenextmorning，afterbreakfastandpresentsandcake，wegavethepileofenvelopestohimJustonemorethingforyou，wesaidIttookhimalongtimetoopenthemandreadEachonewasabrieftickettoanothertime，aleap（跳跃）backwardoveryearsanddecadesTherewasalotoflaughterandafewtears，too