小学英语讲解及试题

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1、数词数词: 1. 基数词 one, two, three 2. 序数词 first, second, third基变序：基变序，有规律，末尾加上th,一，二，三，特殊记， one, two, three first, second, third八加h，九去e, eight eighth, nine ninth以结y尾变ie, twenty twentiethve要用f替, twelve twelfth, five fifth后跟th未忘记要想变成几十几，只变个位就可以。Twenty- two twenty- second年月日表示方法 : 月，日，年 在1999年4月1日 on April 1

2、st,1999钟点表示方法：（时钟被画在黑板上）2:25 分钟未到30分，用past表示，“先分后时”。 at twenty-five past twoat two twenty-five/at 2:252:30 半点，用half past表示 at half past two at two thirty/at 2:301:50 分钟超过半点，用to表示，“先分后时”。 at ten to two at one fifty/at 1:50基数词0 nought; zero1 one2 two3 three4 four5 five6 six7 seven8 eight9 nine10 ten11

3、 eleven12 twelve13 thirteen14 fourteen15 fifteen16 sixteen17 seventeen18 eighteen19 nineteen20 twenty21 twenty-one22 twenty-two23 twenty-three30 thirty32 thirty-two40 forty50 fifty60 sixty70 seventy80 eighty90 ninety100 one hundred101 one hundred and one156 one hundred and fifty-six192 one hundred a

4、nd ninety-two200 two hundred300 three hundred400 four hundred500 five hundred600 six hundred700 seven hundred800 eight hundred900 nine hundred1000 one thousand序数词first 第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五sixth第六seventh第七eighth第八ninth第九tenth第十eleventh第十一twelfth第十二thirteenth第十三fourteeth第十四fifteenth第十五sixt

5、eenth第十六seventeenth第十七eighteenth第十八nineteenth第十九twentieth第二十twenty-first第二十一twenty-second第二十二twenty-third第二十三thirtieth第三十thirty-first第三十一fortieth第四十fiftieth第五十sixtieth第六十seventieth第七十eightieth第八十ninetieth第九十(one)hundredth第一百(one)hundred and first第一百零一hundred and thirty-fourth第一百三十四two-hundredth第二百th

6、ree-hundredth第三百four-hundredth第四百five-hundredth第五百six-hundredth第六百seven-hundredth第七百eight-hundredth第八百nine-hundredth第九百(one)thousandth第一千thousand and first第一千零一two thousand and thirty-fourth第二千零三十四ten thousandth第一万(one)million第一百万(美作billionth)Billionth第十亿 (美作trillion)一般将来时一、 概念：发生在将来时动作，或将来存在的状态。二、

7、构成：be(am/is /are) going tov 原 will / shall v 原 任何人称 用于第一人称三、 时间状语：表示将来时间的词，如 tomorrow/nest/week等。四、 否定式：benotgoing to v 原 eg: I am not going to swim tomorrow. will / shall v 原 eg: He will not swim tomorrow. 注： will not可缩写为 wont shall not可缩写为 shant五、 疑问式：be 提前 eg: IS he going to swim next week?will 提

8、前 eg: WILL you swim tomorrow?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词be eg: What is he going to do tomorrow?特殊疑问词willeg: What will she do next month?一般将来时练习一、 单项选择( ) 1. She _ play the flute for the school show tomorrow.A. will be going to B. is going to C. be going to D. will going to( ) 2. Mary _ be at home this evening.A. sh

9、all B. will C. is D. going( ) 3. Where _ you go tomorrow?A. are B. will C. shall D. is( ) 4. _ his brothers going to have a party this Sunday?A. Is B. Are C. Am D. Be( ) 5. There _ a football game on TV tomorrow.A. is going to have B. is going to be C. has D. is() 6. We _ going to help the farmers _

10、 their work.A. am; to B. are; with C. is ; at D. are ; on( ) 7. I _ going to buy _ bananas.A. Is; few B. is ; little C. am ; a few D. am; a little( )8. - _ are _ there? - On foot.A. Where ; doing B. Why; doing C. How; going D. What; going( ) 9. I _ going to play football. A. Dont; a few B. a few hom

11、ework C.am not; a lot of homework D. are not; only a little homework( ) 10. Look at these clouds. It _ .A. will raining B. is going to rain C. rains D. is rain二、 英汉互译1. Shall we meet at 9:00 at the school gate?_ 2. They are going to visit their teacher next Sunday._3. I wont go with you._4. Its goin

12、g to rain._-5. Dont worry. We will help you with your lesson._6. I wont go there if doesnt invite me to her birthday party._-7. If it rains tomorrow , they wont go out to climb a mountain._8. Will you be free on Friday evening?_9. How will be paid for this shirt?_-10. Where are you going for your ho

13、liday?_11. 我今晚要看电视棒球赛。_12. 你打算下课后干什么？_-13. 我们什么时候在哪儿见面？_14. 我们打算放学后打扫教室。_15. 如果明天天晴，他们就会去野餐。_16. 他们打算明天在操场上踢足球。_17. 她打算与父母亲一起去乡下度周末。_18. 老师会要求你订正你的家庭作业。_19. 下个月我就17 岁了。_20. 今年夏天我们打算去游览巴黎。_三、 连词成句。1. model Tom ship will a tomorrow make_.2. are their to visit going parents museum the_-.3. next his yea

14、r to going daughter five little is be_-.4. classmates wont gift his buy birthday a the for_.5. month are to what you going next do_?6. brother see go grandmother next your will to your week_-.7. ready oclock be at dinner will seven_.8. help you have I some trouble if I ask will for_9. will us here m

15、eet who come to_?10. morning great their tomorrow get teacher will a surprise_.11. going they to with friends are Canada their_.12. vacation going summer spend he to is his in Wales_?13.do to next what are going they month_?14. will finish you your when homework_?15. good your rest will when father

16、have a_?一般现在时一、 概念1. 表示习惯、反复、经常发生的动作。eg: I go to school by bike every day.He goes to school by bike every day.2. 表示目前的身份、地位、 状态等。eg: I am a student.3. 表示客观真理。eg: He works in a factory.The earth moves around the sun.二、 构成：时态全部反应在动词的变形上1. 主系表结构中， be( am/ is / are )2. 主谓宾结构中 （1）动词一般用原形 （2）主语为第三人称单数，动词要

17、发生变化规则：（1）一般情况下加“S” eg: workworks (2 ) 辅音字母y 结尾，变y 为ies eg: study studies (3) 以x, s, ch, sh, o结尾es eg: go goes watchwatches三、 否定句1. 主系表结构：benot eg: I am not a student. 2. 主谓宾结构：引入助动词do/doesnot 后动词恢复原形eg: He doesnt go to school by bike every day. I dont go 四、 一般疑问句1. 主系表结构：be 动词提前eg: Is he a student?

18、 Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.2. 主谓宾结构：引入助动词Do/Does 放在句首，后面动词还原为动词原形。eg: Do you go to school by bile every day? Yes, I do. / No, I dont. Does he go to school by bike every day?五、 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词一般疑问句？特殊疑问词有：what, when, where, how, whyeg: What do you do What does he do六、 时间状语 这是判断一个句子该用什么时态的依据。eg: He _ to th

19、e park every week.A. going B. go C. gos D. goes题解：选D。根据every week，我们判断这是习惯、反复发生的动作，应用一般现在时。主语为第三人称单数he,动词要变化。gogoes一般现在时的时间状语有：（1）every(day, week, month, year) 每（天，周，月，年）；(2)often经常usually通常always总是sometimes有时never从不；（3）on Sundays, on Mondays, once a week, twice a week等等。一般 一般现在时练习一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数ta

20、lk_ make _ hike _ begin_forget_ take _ give_ wash_hope_ love _ see _ watch_stop_ recite_ swim _ finish _perform _ become_ stop _ teach_play _ come _ shop _ fish_say _ drive _ plan _ reach_buy_ shine _ get _ go _worry _ leave_ sit _ do _fly_ wake _ let_study_ ride_ cut_like _ write _ run_二、 用括号内动词的适当

21、形式填空1. He often_( have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be )in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go )to the zoo on Sunday.5. _they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often_( do) on Saturdays?7. _your parents_( read) newspapers everyday?8. The girl_( teach) us English on S

22、undays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. Mike _(like) cooking.11. There _(be) some water in the bottle.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt_( look) after her baby carefully.14. You always_( do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She_( go) to school

23、from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do )not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and SuYang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. - What day _(be) it today? -Its Saturday.21. We often_( play) in the playground.22. He_( get )up at six oclock.23. _you _(brush) your every mor

24、ning?24. What _(do) he usually _(do) after school?25. Tom_(study )English, Chinese, math, science and art at school.26. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.27. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with her parents.28. _Mike _(read) English every day?29. How many lessons_ your classmate _(

25、have) on Monday?30. What time _his mother_( do) the housework?三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.（改为否定句）_2. I do my homework every day.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答）_3. She likes milk. （改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答）_4. Amy likes playing computer games.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）_5. We go to school every morning. （改为否定句）_6. He sp

26、eaks English very well. （改为否定句）_7. I like taking photos in the park.（对划线部分提问）_8. John comes from Canada. （对划线部分提问）_9. She is always a good student. （改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答）_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating. （改为否定句）_11. Do you often play football after school. （肯定回答）_12. I have many books. （改为否定句）_13.

27、 Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis. （改为否定句）_14. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句）_15. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）_16. We have four lessons. （改为否定句）_17. Nancy doesnt run fast. （改为一般疑问句）_18. My dog runs fast. （改为否定句及一般疑问句）_-19. Mike has two letters for him. （改为否定句及一般疑问句）

28、_20. I usually play football on Friday afternoon。否定句:_一般疑问句：_21. Sun Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.否定句:_ 一般疑问句：_22. Mingming usually waters the flowers every day.否定句:_ 一般疑问句：_名词一、 概念：表示人或事物名称的词，如:apple，desk, chair, Wang Ming , the Great Wall,等等。二、 分类可数名词：个体名词和集合名词统称为可数名词。个体名词：表示某类人或物中

29、的个体，如：book,pencil,student等。集合名词：表示若干个体组成的集合体，如:family,class,people等。不可数名词：物质名词和抽象名词统称为不可数名词。 物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：water,milk,bread,air 等。抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等，如：happiness,importance等。三、 在英语中，大多数名词的复数形式是在单数形式后面加 “s”构成，但另有一些名词，其复数形式的构成却与此不同。（见名词单复数变化表）补充复数：国人变复数中日不变 Chinese(中国人)-two ChineseJapanese(日本人)-t

30、wo Japanese 英法变 Englishman(英国人)- EnglishmenFrenchman(法国人)-Frenchmen 其余S加后面American（美国人）- AmericansGerman（德国人）- GermansAustralian（澳洲人）- Australians四、 如何表达不可数名词的量：a glass of bread, a bottle of milk, a bowl of ice, a glass of water 其中，bread,milk,rice,chocolate等均为可数名词，我们可以用单位去数，即：two glasses of bread, t

31、wo bottles of milk, two bowls of ice, two glasses of water五、 专有名词：所有的专有名词开头第一个字母都必须大写。如：星期几（Monday星期一），月份(July七月)，国名（China中国），城市名（Beijing北京）以及由普通名词构成的专有名词，等等。名词单复数变化表 规则变化一一般情况 词尾S在清辅音后读s,在浊辅音或元音后读z,在szd后读izmaps,books,verbs,boys,pages,horses注：某些名词变复数时词尾的发音要浊化 mouthsmau z,houseshauziz以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾

32、词尾eses读作izclassclasses,box sboxes,benchbenches,busbusesdressdresses以辅音字母Y结尾变y为iesies读作izfactoryfactories,storystoriescountrycountries以元音字母Y结尾词尾Ss读作zboyboys,storeystoreys,monkeymonkeys以辅音字母O结尾，一般末尾都S，但有例外，要es词尾eses读作zherohiru,negroni:gru, tomatotmeitu,patatopteitu, mangomgu,zeroziru词尾Ss读作zzoozoos,rad

33、ioradiospianopianos,photophotos-fe或-f 结尾变fe/f为vesves读作vzleafleaves,halfhalves,knifeknifes复合词两词均用复数形式man teacher menteacherswoman doctor women doctors不规则变化单复数同形fish,deer,sheep内部元音变化manmen,footfeet,mousemice,goosegeese,toothteeth改变词尾childchildren名词所有格一、 含义：它用来表示所属关系，意为“的”。二、 构成： s所有格 用于有生命的词后面。eg:Toms

34、 book of所有格 用于无生命的词 eg: the leg of the table三、表示“两者共有”和“个人所有” Lucy and Lilys room表示两人共住一间房Lucys and Lilys room表示两人各自住在不同的房间四、假如一个单词本身以S结尾或者以复数名词“-s”结尾，要表示名词所有格只需加“ ”。如：teachers office老师们的办公室the boys toys 男孩们的玩具其他不以“-s”结尾的名词则加s,如：Childrens Day儿童节五、表示“其中之一”时，应用双重所有格。 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 (我朋友中的一个)

35、my friends a friend of theirs 他们的一个朋友 (他们的朋友中的一个)their friends可数名词单数和复数（一）名词单复数配对：把左右两组分别连线。1. watch sheep 2. chair ballssheep tomatoes box boxesbus buses ball mountainstomato mice mountain cities mouse watches city chairs（二）写出下面名词的复数1. dog( ) 2. glass( ) 3. ear( ) 4. shark( )5. duck( ) 6. van( ) 7.

36、apple( ) 8.candle( ) 9.present ( ) 10.telephone( ) 11.kite( ) 12.snake( )13.window( ) 14.rabbit( ) 15.insect ( ) 16.door( )ic book( ) puter( ) 19. bedroom( ) 20.flower( )21.table( ) 22.bug( ) 23.vegetable( ) 24. poster( )25.tie( ) 26.coin( ) 27.turtle( ) 28.photo( )29.tomato ( ) 30.potato( ) 31.mout

37、h( ) 32.boy( )33.dress ( ) 34.box( ) 35.watch( ) 36.dish( )37.bus ( ) 38.class( ) 39.body( ) 40.country( )41.child ( ) 42.man ( ) 43.woman ( ) 44.mouse( )45.fish ( ) 46.goose( ) 47.deer ( ) 48.tooth( )49.foot ( ) 50.goose( ) 51.leaf ( ) 52.knife ( )（三）写出下面名词的单数 1.boats( ) 2.houses ( ) 3.coats ( ) 4.

38、dresses ( )5.knives ( ) 6.potatoes( ) 7.stories ( ) 8.women ( )9.desks ( ) 10.villages( ) 11.leaves ( ) 12.balls( ) （四）根据上下文，选择名词的正确形式填空。( ) 1. How many_ are there on the farm?A. pig B. pigs C. piges( ) 2. How much is the_ ?A. bread B. beans C. books( ) 3. These are_.A. potatoes B. sheeps C. cabbage

39、s( ) 4. He washes the_.A. bowls B. boxes C. dishes( ) 5. Do you want some _?A. apple B. butter C. egg( ) 6. Lets get some _.A. pear B. oranges C. apple( ) 7. She has five _.A. stickers B. pen C. hat( ) 8. They have a big _.A. living rooms B. reading room C. bathrooms( ) 9. I bought a box of _ yester

40、day.A. pear B. apple C. apples( ) 10. Its a slice of _.A. pizza B. pizzas C. pizzaes( ) 11. Give me two _ of potatoes.A. bags B. bag C. box( ) 12. I have three_.A. comic book B. comics book C. comic books( ) 13. How many _ are there on the farm?A. duck B. ducks C. duckes( ) 14.- What are those? - Th

41、eyre _.A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes( ) 15. Would you like some _?A. popcorn B. popcornes C. popcorns（五）把下列单词、词组词组补充完整。1. 一些球 some_2. 我的手套 my_3. 4个汉堡包 fou_r4. 她的大眼睛her big _5. 她的名字her_6. 参观博物馆visit the _7. 照相take a _8. 在葡萄的上方above the_9 唱歌sing a _10. 进行野餐have a _不可数名词（一） 根据中文，圈出正确的英语短语。1. 一些米饭 A. some rice B. some rices2. 三片面包 A. three breads B. three pieces of bread3. 一瓶牛奶 A. a bottle of milk B. a bottle milk 4. 许多钱 A. many moneys B. much money5. 一些肉 A. some meat B. some meats6. 一条新闻 A. a piece of news B. a news7. 许多工作 A. a lot of works B. a lot of work8. 一张纸 A. a paper B. a pi