【北师大版】高中英语一轮复习讲练精品：Part-II-语法部分-专题5-介词、介词短语和连词

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1、专项五介词、介词短语和连词一、介词和介词短语 介词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词或代词(相称于名词的其她词类短语或从句)构成介词短语，才干在句中充当某一种成分。介词短语在句中可充当状语，表语，定语及补语等成分。How I wish every family had a large house with a beautiful garden! Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? With a lot of difficult problems to settl

2、e, the newlyelected president is having a hard time.二、连词连词是用来连接词、短语、从句或句子的一种虚词不能独立担任句子成分。按词义及其句法作用，连词可分为并列连词和附属连词。常用的并列连词有and, but, or, not only.but also, yet, either.or.等。常用的附属连词有when, because, if, though, as if, now that, until, unless等。I saw Bob play the piano at Johns party and on that occasion

3、he was simply brilliant. Not only is the teacher himself interested in football but all his students are beginning to show an interest in it.Please follow your supervisors instructions, or youll offend him.一、介词和介词短语 在高考试题中对介词的考察重要集中在常用介词搭配中。如：1for为了；由于 I apologised to the teacher for my being late.F

4、or some reason, I refused his invitation.2without 没有 He came in without his managers permission.I wouldnt have finished the task without your help. 3by 借助于某种手段 The old man earned his living by selling fruits.4over “在正上方(但未接触)；超过”，多表达年龄，距离或跨越一定的高度 You cant wear a blue jacket over that shirt.The plane

5、 can fly over the mountain. 5beyond 超越(界线、范畴、限度)，可指时间或限度 Its quite beyond me why such things have been allowed to happen.6across 表达从空间表面上横穿。through 表达从人体或物体的内部穿过，也可指抽象意义上的通过。He suddenly saw Mary across the room. He pushed his way through the crowd of people to get to her.7besides“除之外”，其宾语涉及在内。except

6、“除了”，其宾语不涉及在内。except for强调节体中的细节，前后事物不属于同类。but常和except互换，强调不在其中。but for“要不是”，往往用在虚拟语调的含蓄条件句中。Besides flowers, the pupils sent their teacher a nice greeting card for her birthday.The article is very good except for some spelling mistakes.二、连词 对连词的考察，近年高考重要集中在对附属连词和并列连词的考察上。对附属连词的考察重要集中在对其在不同从句中的不同用法的

7、考察；对并列连词的考察重要集中在对其连接并列成分的用法以及特点上。1并列连词(1)and, or和but I must work hard, or Ill fail in the contest. Make up your mind, and youll get the chance.Would you like to come to dinner tonight?Id like to, but Im too busy. (2)not only.but (also), as well as不仅并且She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guit

8、ar. Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.(3)neither.nor “既不也不”； both.and.“两者都”；either.or.“不是就是”Neither you nor he is to blame.Either you or I am right. (4)not.but. 不是而是 They were not the bones of an animal, but the bones of ahuman being.(5)for 由于 He is absent today,

9、 for he is ill. 注意：for是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。(6)so, therefore因此He hurt his leg, so he couldnt play in the game. 2.附属连词重要应用在多种状语从句中。高考真题预测探究（）【全国卷II 14】This shop will be closed for repairs _ further notice. A. with B. until C. for D. at【答案】B【考点】考察介词。【解析】句意：在另行告知前，这家店将停止整顿。until further

10、notice表达“在另行告知前”。【北京卷 35】With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be take _ color. A. byB. forC. withD. in【答案】D【考点】考察介词的用法。【解析】In color表达“使用彩色”。固定搭配。句意：随着科技的发展，水下沟壑的图片可以做成彩色的。【上海卷 25】Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _ the tough years.A. throughB. upC. withD

11、. from【答案】A【考点】考察介词的用法。【解析】句意：一年中，毕业的时候是感谢那些曾经协助过你的最佳时机。【湖北卷 30】When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor ofD. in praise of【答案】C【考点】考察介词词组的用法。句子意思是，当在问及对这个学校的校长有什么见解时诸多教师宁愿她闪到一边去支持年轻

12、人。in praise of表扬，in terms of就而言，in need of需要。【解析】【山东卷 30】Im sorry I didnt phone you, but Ive been very busy_ the past couple of weeks.A. beyond B. with C. among D. over【答案】D【考点】固定介词搭配。【解析】通过前半句“Ive been very busy”目前完毕时，可知搭配用的时间状语为“在过去的几周里”，固定搭配用介词“over the past couple of weeks=in the past couple of

13、weeks”. 句意为：很抱歉没给你打电话，可是这几种星期我始终很忙。【安徽卷 25】Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek_ food safety problem.A. in B. to C. on D. after【答案】B【考点】考察介词。【解析】句意为：有时不容易找到解决食品安全问题的合适的措施。本题考察名词后的介词的固定搭配。此句中主语为answers，意为“解决措施”，作此意时后跟介词to或towards，故选B项。【浙江卷 5】I always wanted to do the job which Id been trained

14、 _.A. onB. forC. byD. of【答案】B【考点】考察介词。语义：我常常想做我之前为之受过培训的工作，for表达目的，意为“为了”，符合题意。【解析】【四川卷 8】Nick, its good for you to read some books _China before you start your trip there. A. in B. for C. of D. on【答案】D【考点】考察介词。【解析】on 表达有关，some books on China意为“有关中国的某些书”。句意为：“Nick，你在去中国旅行之前最佳读某些有关中国的书。”故选D。【天津卷 11】H

15、e was a good student and scored _ average in most subjects.A. below B. of C. on D. above【答案】D【考点】考察介词。【解析】句意为：她是一种好学生,大多数科目得分高于平均水平。above average高于平均数；below average低于平均数；on average平均起来，一般说来。【天津卷 5】_ regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.A.It B. As

16、 C.Although D.Unless【答案】C【考点】考察连词。【解析】although“尽管”; As “如”; Unless “除非”。句意为：尽管有规律的运动很重要，但是在睡前运动不是一种好主意。【重庆卷 24】Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read _ the library.A. in B. for C. by D. from【答案】D【考点】考察介词。【解析】句意为“Shirley，一种读书爱好者，常常从图书馆带些书回家去读”。【江苏卷 32】Wed better discuss ever

17、ything _before we work out the plan.A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. on time【答案】A【考点】考察副词短语辨析。【解析】句意：在我们制定筹划之前，我们最佳具体地讨论每件事。In detail具体地；in general一般，大体上；on purpose故意地；on time准时，准时。【全国卷I 30】The form cannot be signed by anyone _ yourself. A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. better

18、 than【答案】B【考点】考察连词用法【解析】【全国卷I 22】Try_ she might, Sue couldnt get the door open.A. if B. when C. sine D. as【答案】D【考点】本题考察连词。【解析】题目前半句说，她试过；后半句说Sue不能打开门，明显前后两句意思相反。As表达虽然，尽管。【浙江卷 6】The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose Ill just have to _it.A. make the best of B. get away from

19、C. keep an eye onD. catch up with【答案】A【考点】考察短语用法【解析】【福建卷 22】_ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dished.A. Far from B. Apart from CInstead of DRegardless of【答案】B【考点】考察介词短语。【解析】除了优质的服务外，这个饭店提供了不同种类的老式的福建菜。apart from表“除以外”，符合语意。far fr om“远离，远非”；instead of“替代，而不是”

20、；regardless of“不管，不顾”。【安徽卷 24】To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, _, honest.A. therefore B. above all C. however D. after【答案】B【考点】考察连词用法【解析】【全国卷I 25】Someone wants you on the phone. _nobody knows I am here.A. AlthoughB. And C. But D. So【答案】C【考点】考察连词用法。【解析】前半句为：有人给你打电话；后半句为：没有人懂得我在这儿，根据句子意

21、思可知前后两句明显为转折关系，因此选C。【山东卷 23】Find ways to praise your children often, _ youll find they will open their hearts to you.A. tillB. orC. andD. but【答案】C【考点】考并列连词用法。【解析】分析前后分句逻辑关系，是条件或假设关系，并且“祈使句+and/or/otherwise”固定句型因此选C.【辽宁卷 31】Bring the flowers into a warm room _ theyll soon open. A. or B. and C. but D.

22、 for【答案】B【考点】考察连词用法。【解析】固定句型祈使句+and/or+简朴句。根据题意，应为顺承关系。【江西卷27】 The haouse was too expensive and too hig. _, Id grown fond of our little rented house.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Somehow D.Otherwise【答案】A【考点】考察连词用法【解析】句意为这个房子太贵太大。我已经对我的小的租用房越来越感爱好了。根据前后句判断出为并列关系。Besides 此外，表并列，therefore 因此，表因果，somehow 无论如何

23、，表转折，otherwise 除此之外，表转折。选A。10福建The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.A. before B. until C. as D. since答案A考点考连词的使用解析根据 “rung the bell” 和 “the door was opened “的发生先后, 可以得出答案。句子的含义是：女孩还没来得及按门铃, 门就忽然打开了。她的朋友们一拥而上去欢迎她。10上海 our manage object

24、s to Toms joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After答案B考点本题考察连词解析此句意思是 “除非我们经理反对tom加入俱乐部, 否则我们都应接受她成为其中一员。”10安徽The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _they have the interest. A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as

25、 if答案C考点本题考察状语从句连词辨析。解析句意为 “工程师们非常繁忙, 虽然（even if）有户外体育活动的爱好也没有时间去做。”10安徽Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _it becomes availableA. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until答案A考点本题考察状语从句连词辨析。解析句意为 “仅临时使用此房间, 它一（as soon as）可以正常使用, 我们就提供你一种大点的。”10江西 Our holiday cost

26、 a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter_ you enjoyed yourselves.A as long as B unless C as soon as D though答案A考点考察连词和具有连词作用的词组解析as long as只要 unless 除非否则 as soon as 一就 though虽然, 后一句为只要你玩的开心, 花多少钱就不重要。10江西Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients _ name, not case number. A of B as C by D wit

27、h答案C考点考察介词解析方式措施可以用by也可以用with, by+ n(方式), with+修饰词+ n(工具).10全国Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal .A. so that B. although C. while D. as if答案C考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意：Mary做咖啡当她的客人们将要结束用餐的时候。根据选项此题考察连词的用法。so that译为 “以便”表达目的, although译为 “尽管, 虽然”, as if译为 “仿佛”, while译为 “当.的时候”, 因此while符合句意,

28、 选择C。10全国The little boy wont go to sleep _ his mother tells him a story.A. or B. unless C. but D. whether答案B考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意：这个小男孩儿不会睡觉除非她的妈妈给她讲故事。根据选项此题考察连词的用法。or译为 “或者”表达选择, unless译为 “除非”表达条件, but译为 “但是”表达转折, whether译为 “与否”, 根据句意选择B。10辽宁The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted t

29、o sit next to his wife.Aalthough Bunless Cbecause Dif答案C考点考察附属连词。解析句意：这位老人叫露丝挪到另一把椅子上由于她想跟她妻子挨着坐。空格前后两个句子在逻辑意义上存在因素关系, 因此用because引导因素状语从句。Although引导让步状语从句, unless和if引导条件状语从句。10辽宁Its no use having ideas only . Dont worry. Peter can show you _to turn an idea into an act.A. how B. who C. what D. where答

30、案A考点考察连接词的用法。解析句意：光有主意没用。不用紧张, 皮特可以教你如何把主意变为行动。虽然四个词都可以和动词不定式连用, 但是意义不同。how表达 “如何”, 强调方式。而who和what是连接代词, 一般在不定式短语中作宾语, 此句 中动词不定式有宾语, 不再需要宾语, 因此排除, where则强调地点。与上一句不相应。10北京 they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. A. As B. While C. Until D. Once答案D考点本题考察连词

31、。解析此题重在句意的判断。 “一旦学生们决定了去哪所大学读书, 她们就得研究下办理入学的手续。”A. As当；由于.B. while做连词强调一件事发生时此外一种动作正在进行；C. Until直到.D. Once一旦。因此选D10上海Sean has formed the habit of jogging the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day. A. between B. along C. below D. with答案B考点考察介词的用法解析根据句意 “Sean已经形成了每天沿着绿荫大道慢跑两小时的习惯”, 表达 “沿着”时, 应当选B。

32、10天津My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists. A. by B. on C. for D. against答案D考点考察介词用法。解析句意：我爸爸警告我不要去西海岸, 由于那里挤满了游客。句中谓语动词warned和介词against搭配, 构成warn sb. against doing sth. 相称于warn sb. not to do sth, 意思是 “警告某人不要干某事”。10四川Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back

33、a big tree. A. in B. below C. beside D. against答案D考点考察介词。解析句意为： “累了, 吉姆背倚着树, 不久就睡着了。”against此处意为： “倚着, 靠着”；below “在下方”；beside “在旁边”；in “在里面或（时间）之后”。10辽宁I agree to his suggestion _the condition that he drops all charges. A. by B. in C. on D. to 答案C考点考察介词用法。解析句意：我批准她的建议, 条件是她放弃所有指控。介词on 和the condition

34、 that一起相称一种连词, 引导条件状语从句, 意思是 “条件是, 以为条件”。10北京Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are everyones enjoyment. A. in B. at C. for D. to答案C考点本题考察enjoyment的习常用语。解析for enjoyment为了谋求乐趣。例如：We work in the garden for enjoyment. 我们为谋求乐趣而在园子里劳作。10重庆The dictionary is what I want, but I dont

35、have enough money me. A. by B. for C. in D. with答案D考点考察介词。解析I dont have enough money with me 意思是我没有随身带那么多钱。10浙江I guess weve already talked about this before but Ill ask you again just . Aby nature Bin return Cin case Dby chance答案C考点本题考察介词短语。解析分析四个选项的意思：by nature 天生地；in return作为回报, 作为互换；in case 万一, 以

36、防；by chance偶尔地。根据句意：我想我之前已经跟你谈论过这件事, 但是以防万一, 我再问你一次。09安徽I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two are free the third costs $30.A. while B. until C. when D. before答案A考点此题考察连词的用法。解析while表转折 “而, 然而”。根据句子意思, 前两份免费, 而第三份要$30。09北京John plays basketball well, _his favorite sport is badmin

37、ton.A. so B. or C. yet D. for答案D考点此题考察连词的用法。解析前半句说, “约翰打棒球打得较好, 后半句却说 “她最喜欢的运动是打羽毛球”, 所此前后两句话存在转折关系, 故选C yet “但是, 然而”来表达转折。09北京The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, _ little foreign ownership.A. by B. of C. with D. from答案C考点本题考察介词。解析句意为：这个地区的白酒业以一种特殊的方式在发展着, 具有很少的外国所有权。with具有

38、, 带有, 表随着。09北京Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with _extra stress.A. it B. them C. one D. him答案A考点本题考察介词。解析本题较难, 根据句意, “作为一种父母并非总是一件容易的事, 而作为一种有特殊需求的孩子的父母来说就需要有的额外的压力。后一分句的正常语序为being the parent of a child with special needs often car

39、ries extra stress with it. it特指being the parent of a child with special needs这件事。”09北京You may use room as you like _ you clean it up afterwardsA. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if答案C考点此题考察连词的用法。解析so far as “就, 据”so long as “只要”, 引导条件状语从句。in case “以防, 以免”； even if “虽然, 尽管”。根据句意：你可以随心所欲的使用

40、这个房间, 只要之后你把房间打扫干净。09北京At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see_ it got any better.A. when B. how C. why D. if答案D考点此题考察连词的用法, 引导宾语从句。解析根据句意：起初, 她对这项新工作持踌躇态度, 但又决定给自己几种月的时间看能否好些, 可知选D。09湖南_ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact pro

41、of about it, they could not arrest him.A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as答案A考点考察附属连词的用法。解析根据句意, 引导让步状语从句。故选A。09四川Owen wouldnt eat anything _ he cooked it himselfA. until B. since C. unless D. while答案C考点考察连词的区别。解析该句的意思是：欧文不吃任何东西, 除非这种东西是她自己09浙江The medicine works more effectively _ you

42、 drink some hot water after taking it.A. as B. until C. although D. if答案D考点此题考察连词的用法。解析该题的意思是, 这种药的效果更明显, 如果你在吃药后喝某些开水的话。08全国Lets learn to use the problem we are facing a stepping stone to future success.A.to B.for C.as D.by答案C考点此题考察固定搭配。解析考察use.as.把当作使用。08全国The lawyer seldom wears anything other th

43、an a suit the season.A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however答案A考点考察whatever引导的从句。解析whatever the season意为 “无论什么季节”。08全国Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?I dont mind where we go theres sun, sea and beach.A.as if B.as long as C.now that D.in order that答案B考点考察连词的用法。解析as long as意为 “只要”。08全

44、国A small car is big enough for a family of three you need more space for baggage.A.once B.because C.if D.unless答案D考点本题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：一辆小汽车对于一种三口之家足够大了, 除非你需要更多的空间放行李。unless相称于if not。08全国The road conditions there turned out to be very good, was more than we could expect.A.it B.what C.which D.that答案C考点

45、此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：那里的路况证明是非常好的, 这超过了我们的想象。which引导非限制性定语从句, which指代前面整个句子的内容。A、B、D三项均不能引导非限制性定语从句。08全国Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like_working here.A.with B.over C.at D.about答案D考点本题考察介词的用法。解析句意为：有关在这里工作, 我喜欢的两件事情是现代化设备和严禁吸烟。about “有关, 有关”, 符合题意。08天津At the railway station, th

46、e mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _. A. out of sight B. out of reach C. out of order D. out of place 答案A考点本题考察介词短语的辨析。解析out of sight看不见；out of reach够不到；out of order杂乱, 出故障；out of place不在本来的地方, 不恰当。句意为：在火车站, 这位妈妈挥手向她的女儿辞别, 直到火车看不见为止。08北京If you really have to leave during the

47、meeting, youd better leave the back door.A.for B.by C.across D.out答案B考点本题考察介词的用法。解析本题句意为：如果你的确要在会议期间离开, 那么你最佳从后门离开。 “从后门”用by the back door。for表达因素；across表达 “穿过, 横穿”；out表达 “在外面”, 三者均不符合句意。08天津Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students financial aid. A.in favour of B.in honour of C.in

48、 face of D.in need of答案D考点本题考察介词短语的辨析。解析句意为：许多中国大学向那些需要经济协助的学生提供奖学金。in favour of支持；in honour of为了纪念；in face of面对；in need of需要。08安徽Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank a chair.A.on B.off C.into D.to答案C考点本题考察介词的用法。解析句意为：弗雷德没敲门就进来了, 上气不接下气地坐在了椅子上。sink into a chair颓然坐在椅子上。08安徽Do y

49、ou have a minute? Ive got something to tell you.OK, you make it short.A.now that B.if only C.so long as D.every time答案C考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：你有时间吗？我有事对你说。行, 只要你长话短说。A项 “既然”；B项 “要是就好了”；C项 “只要”；D项 “每次”。08江西My English teachers humor was make every student burst into laughter.A.so as to B.such as to C.such

50、that D.so that答案B考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：我的英语教师的风趣就是如此（好笑）以致于使每一种同窗都哈哈大笑。such as (to do, that)到如此限度, 如此以致于（正式或文学用语）。A项只能作目的状语, 不能作表语。C项引导从句。08江西Animals suffered at the hands of Man they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people.A.in which B.for which C.so t

51、hat D.in that答案D考点本题考察从句中介词的用法。解析in that引导因素状语从句, 意思是 “由于”。A、B引导定语从句；C项意为 “以便, 以致；成果是”, 引导目的和成果状语从句。根据前后的逻辑关系来看, 前面是成果, 背面是因素。08湖北When she first arrived in China, she wondered what the future might have for her, but now all her worries are gone.A.in need B.in time C.in preparation D.in store答案D考点本题考

52、察介词短语的辨析。解析in need需要；in time及时；in preparation准备；in store贮藏着；储藏着, 由句意可知D项对的。08湖南I thought wed be late for the concert, we ended up getting there ahead of time.A.but B.or C.so D.for答案A考点本题考察介词的用法。解析句意为：我觉得我们去听音乐会会迟到, 但成果我们却提前到了那里。此处用but表转折。08湖南When did you last hear Jay?He phoned me this morning, and

53、we agreed a time and place to meet.A.of; to B.about; with C.from; with D.from; on答案D考点本题考察介词的用法。解析句意为：你最后一次得知Jay的消息是什么时候？今天早上她给我打电话, 我们商定了会面的时间和地点。hear about/of听到有关, 据说；hear from收到的来信；得知某人的消息；agree on sth.在方面获得一致意见；agree to do sth.批准做某事；agree to sth.批准(筹划、安排、方案等)；agree with sth./sb.批准某人(的意见)。08湖南 th

54、e Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.A.If B.While C.Because D.As答案B考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：尽管因特网是很有协助的, 但我觉得在网络上耗费太多的时间不是个好主意。while引导让步状语从句, 意为 “尽管”。08陕西Elizabeth has already achieved success her wildest dreams.A.at B.beyond C.within D.upon答案B考点本题考察介词的用法。解

55、析beyond ones wildest dreams表达 “大大超过某人的预料”, 是固定搭配。08四川There were some chairs left over everyone had sat down.A.when B.until C.that D.where答案A考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：当人们都坐下时, 尚有些椅子剩余。when引导时间状语从句；until也引导时间状语从句, 表达 “直到”；where引导地点状语从句；that引导成果状语从句, 用于so.that.中。08四川In some places women are expected to earn mo

56、ney men work at home and raise their children.A.but B.while C.because D.though答案B考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：有些地方, 妇女被规定挣钱而男人在家里干活和养育孩子。从该句句意可知, 此题用while表达妇女与男人两种状况的对比。A项but表达转折, C项because表达因素, D项though表达让步, B项while表达并列。08重庆The artist was born poor, poor he remained all his life.A.and B.or C.but D.so答案A考点此题考察连词的用法。解析考察连词的用法, 表顺承。08浙江Dont promise anything you are