英语单词变形规则汇总.ppt

变 形 规 则,可数名词的复数形式,可数名词才有复数形式 不可数名词主要是抽象名词和物质名词，做主语时谓语用单数 集体名词没复数形式但做主语时谓语通常用复数,statesman, mouse, mosquito , monkey, passer-by, watch, button, brochure,university,statesmen, mice, mosquitoes , monkeys, passers-by, watches, buttons, brochures,universities,1.一般在词尾加-s map-maps, bridge-bridges 2.以-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的加-es glass-glasses, brush-brushes 3. 以o结尾的有生命的名词后加-es hero-heroes, potato-potatoes 以o结尾的无生命的名词以及-oo结尾的词后加-s piano-pianos, zoo-zoos,4.以辅音加y结尾的词变y为i加es;以元音加y结尾的词直接加s factory-factories;boy-boys 5. 以-f或-fe结尾的词，把-f,-fe改为V,再加-es wolf-wolves, leaf-leaves 有的以-f,-fe结尾的词，可以直接加-s belief-beliefs, roof-roofs,不规则变化,1.bacterium-bacteria; medium-media; criterion-criteria phenomenon-phenomena,2. businessman-businessmen policeman-policemen postman-postmen salesman-salesmen spokesman-spokesmen statesman-statesmen,3. goose-geese; tooth-teeth; foot-feet 4. mouse-mice; ox-oxen; child-children deer-deer; fish-fish;sheep-sheep 5. means-means; analysis-analyses stamach-stamachs,leaf-leaves; knife-knives life-lives; shelf-shelves thief-thieves; wolf-wolves,动 词 的 单 三 变,写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式 1. swim 2. draw 3. make 4. run 5. carry 6.leave 7. arrive 8. watch 9.clean 10. stay,写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式 1. swims 2. draws 3. makes 4. runs 5. carries 6.leaves 7. arrives 8. watches 9.cleans 10. stays,动词的第三人称单数规则 当主语是第三人称（she、he、it）或名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式。一般情况下动词的第三人称单数形式都是直接加s 动词单数形式： 1、动词以ch、sh、o、s、x结尾时，单数形式要加es 2、动词以元音字母+y结尾时，在y后直接加s；动词以辅音字母+y结尾时，把y变成i再加es 3、be动词的现在时包括am、is、are。第三人称单数要用is；have的第三人称单数是has,动 词 的 -ed 形式,写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词 1. flow 2. stick 3.bite 4.identify 5. receive 6. aim 7. limit 8.yell 9. ban 10. admit,1. flow-flowed-flowed 2. stick-stuck-stuck 3. bite-bit-bitten 4. identify-identified-identified 5. receive-received-received 6. aim-aimed-aimed 7. limit-limited-limited 8. yell-yelled-yelled 9. ban-banned-banned 10. admit-admitted-admitted,规则动词的过去分词与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 1 一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed” work-worked visit-visited 2 以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d” live-lived 3 以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i” ，再加“ed” study-studied-studied 4 重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加“ed” stop-stopped,动 词 的 -ing 形 式,写出下列单词的-ing形式 violate wind swallow scan refer quarrel breathe begin write forgive tie try,写出下列单词的-ing形式 violating winding swallowing scanning referring quarrel(l)ing breathing beginning writing forgiving tying trying,1.一般在动词末尾直接加ing 2.以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e, 再加ing 如： have - having 3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个d短元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 如：running beginning jogging sitting getting 4.以ie结尾的动词，把ie变成y再加ing ， 如： lie - lying die - dying,形容词,副词的比较级和最高级,写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级 bad clean famous dirty big ill heavy little happy far expensive well slow easy wide carefully early thin much clever,写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级 bad/ill-worse-the worst clean-cleaner-the cleanest famous- more famous - the most famous dirty-dirtier-the dirtiest big-bigger-the biggest heavy-heavier-the heaviest little-less- the least,happy-happier-the happiest far-farther/further-the farthest/furthest expensive-more expensive-the most expensive well -better-best slow-slower -the slowest easy-easier-the easiest wide-wider-the widest carefully -more carefully-most carefully early-earlier-earliest thin -thinner-the thinnest much -more-the most clever -cleverer-the cleverest,1.单音节词在词尾加-er构成比较级， 加-est构成最高级 如：hard-harder-the hardest 2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词直接加-er或-est，如：late-later-the latest 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为I加er或est: 如: easy - easier - the easiest 4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er或est: 如: big - bigger - the biggest 5.多音节词前加more或most, 副词最高级前省略the. 如: important - more important - the most important,6.以-ly结尾的副词，除early外，其他均使用more/most构成比较级和最高级 early-earlier-earliest warm-more warmly-most warmly patiently-more patiently-most patiently,不规则变化 good / well - better - the best 好 bad / badly / ill - worse - the worst 坏 many / much - more - the most 多 little - less - the least 少 old - older / elder - the oldest / the eldest 老, 旧 far - farther / further - the farthest / the furthest 远,请写出下列形容词的副词形式 exact complete personal probable easy frequent full automatic,形 容 词 变 副 词,1.直接+ly quietquietly differentdifferently confidentconfidently beautifulbeautifully carefulcarefully recentrecently,2. 以-le 结尾的形容词去e + ly terrible terribly possible possibly comfortable comfortably gentle gently simple simply reasonable reasonably probable probably incredible incredibly,其它以e结尾的形容词直接+ly wise wisely nice nicely polite politely fortunate fortunately close closely immediateimmediately widewidely,true truly whole wholly full fully dull dully,注意以下形容词变副词的拼写,3. 以 辅音+y结尾的，变y 为i+ly happy happily easy easily angry angrily merry merrily heavy heavily noisy noisily healthyhealthily lucky luckily,4. 以ic结尾的+ally energetic energetically automatic automatically scientific scientifically economiceconomically basic basically public publicly （例外）,注意以ly结尾的形容词 friendly lovely lively elderly lonely monthly weekly yearly brotherly fatherly motherly,deadly manly womanly daily silly,5. 形容词与副词 同形 fastfast earlyearly hardhard latelate farfar alonealone little-little,6. 有两个副词形式的词 highhigh highly deepdeepdeeply widewidewidely hardhard hardly loudloud loudly closeclose closely latelate lately,free -免费地 freely -随便不拘束地 hard - 努力地、猛烈地 hardly-几乎不 just - 恰好、仅仅、不久前 justly-公正地 late - 迟 lately-最新地、最近地 ,most - 最 mostly-大部分地 near - 近 nearly-几乎 pretty - 很(作副词用) prettily-漂亮 short - 突然地 shortly-不久，很快,May you succeed!,