全新版大学英语综合教程4[第二版]完整版课后答案

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1、.全新版大学英语综合教程4【第二版】习题答案主编：荫华XX外语教育Unit 1Part II Text Alexf OrganizationParts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-2 Introduction Both Napoleons and Hitlers military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter.Part Two Paras 3-11 Napoleons military campaign against RussiaPart Three

2、 Paras 12-20 Hitlers military campaign against the Soviet UnionPart Four Para 21 Conclusionthe elements of nature must be rekoned with in any military campaign.2.Sections Paragraphs Main IdeasSection One Paras 12-13 Hitlers blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalins scorched earth policySection Two Paras

3、 14-18 the battles fought at Leningrad, Moscow and Stalingrad Section Three Paras 19-20 the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the warVocabularyI. 1. 1) alliance 2) at the cost of3) stroke 4) limp5) minus 6) regions7) declarations 8) siege9) raw 10) bide his time11) have taken their toll 1

4、2) in the case of2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down3) is pressing on / pressed on4) drag on5) get by 6) dine out7) have cut back 8) get through3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the nearfuture.2)Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by

5、 the delayed arrival ofraw materials due to the dock workers strike3)Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way ofher career.4) Obviously the reporters question caught the foreign minister off guard.5)The introduction of the electronic calculator has render

6、ed the slide rule out of date /obso lete.4.1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up theoccupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build upour bases.2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure to reck

7、on withthis problem will weaken its strength. In many cases,work may be brought to a halt byconstant internal struggle in an organization.3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory againstthe Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War

8、. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks.II.More Synonyms in Context1)During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of themost dramatic fighting took place inthe

9、gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all mywords.4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered ho

10、w her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.III. Usage1) But often it is not until we fall illthat we finally learn to appreciate good health.2) A rich old ladylay dead at home for two weeksand nobody knew anything about it.3) Its said he dropped dead from a heart attackwhen he was at work4

11、) Dont sit too close to the fire to keep warmyou could easily get burned, especially if youfall asleep.5) In those days people believed inmarrying young and having children early.6) Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. invasion 2. stan

12、d in the way3. Conquest 4. catching. off his guard5. launching 6. declaration7. campaign 8. drag on9. reckon with 10. bringing.to a halt(B)1. allow 2. reckoned3. highly 4. forecasts5. rapidly 6. instant7. delivery 8. advantage9. observing 10. PowerfulII. Translation1. Mr. Doherty and his family are

13、currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on thefarm.2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasinglydesperate.4. Sam, as the project manager, is decisive,

14、 efficient, and accurate in his judgment.5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhoodcommittee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Ourtroops engaging the ene

15、my at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. Thedivision commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us wereafraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battal

16、ion commander decided to take agamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination befo

17、re dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.Unit 2Text A Vocabulary I. 1. 1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards 6) satellite 7) vibrated 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got

18、/was stuckin 12) approximately 2. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on 5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into 3. 1) incorporates all the latest safety features 2) two trees ten feet apart 3) awarding lucrative contracts to his construction site 4) the protot

19、ype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars. 5) are correlated in all racial groups 4.1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to 2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency 3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazard II. Word Formation Clipped Words Blends Kil

20、o kilogram Medicare medical care Memo memorandum email electronic mail gym gymnasium comsat communications satellite lib liberation newscast news broadcast doc doctor skyjack sky hijack vet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollar prep preparatory brunch breakfast and lunch auto automobile telecast t

21、elevision broadcast flu influenza Oxbridge Oxford and CambridgeIII.1. swimming pool 2. drawing board 3. enriched Middle English 4. disturbing change 5. fully developed prototype 6. Canned foods 7. working population 8. puzzling differences Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1. 1) computerized 2) start

22、 up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5)hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate 13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor 2. 1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled 5) opportunities 6) overall 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9)

23、 interact 10) fatalities II. Translation 11) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance. 2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problem. 3) The resea

24、rch shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures. 4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently 5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach. 2. Automobiles have,

25、 since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturi

26、ng cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly

27、reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.Unit 3 Text AContent questions1. He runs a manufacturing company.2. Almost all of them were no.3. This applicant was ill prepared for the job he was applying for and therefore ill qualified. 4. Prepare to win. 5. They now have to switch jobs frequ

28、ently. 6. A 90-year-old tennis player who wanted to work on his weakness - backhand court. 7. Believing in yourself, even when no one else does. 8. Because he will mention a cab driver who is different. 9. His efforts to make a difference. 10.He was offered a ride on a day when Minnesota was hit wit

29、h one of the worst snowstorms in years and the international airport there was closed for the first time in decades. 11. Because there were no tracks left in the snow, which means he was the first person to take off from there. 12 Carlson was excited about being first, which is exactly what the writ

30、er recommends to job applicants. Text Organization 1. Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas Part One Paras 1- 6 An ill-prepared college graduate failed his interview. Part Two Paras 7-27 Four pieces of advice on being a successful interviewee. Part Three Paras 28-31 Make your own tracks in whatever you do. 2.

31、 Suggestions Examples 1) Prepare to win. 1) Michael Jordan 2) Never stop learning. 2) a 90-year-old tennis player 3) Believe in yourself,even when no one else does 3) the four-minute mile, the New York Marathon and the Vietnam veteran. 4) Find a way to make a difference. 4) a New York cabdriver. Lan

32、guage Sense Enhancement 1. (1) checked with (2) interview (3) grill (4) clippings (5) be right for (6) follow up (7) indicating （8）hand-delivered (9) prepared (10) prospective Language Focus I. 1.1) rude 2) physically 3) structure 4) made a difference 5) blurted (out) 6) chuckling 7) measurable 8) p

33、rospective 9) preparations 10) sparkled 11) took a crack at 12) partner 2. 1) go after 2) look back at/on 3) be put up 4) stood for 5) build in 6) follow up 7) be hooked up to 8) closed up 3.1) grilled her about where she had been all night 2) beyond Cinderellas wildest dreams that she could one day

34、 dance in the Kings palace 3) will be in readers hands soon 4) do your homework before going on an interview. 5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars. 4. 1）applicants,veteran, the prospective 2）From his standpoint,has made every endeavor to go after 3) as the saying goes, to have a crack at, barel

35、y II. Words with Multiple Meanings 1. behave 2. used to avoid repetition 3. Clean 4. get along 5. perform/complete 6. perform/complete 7. study 8. be enough 9. be acceptable III. Usage 1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. OK, Ill talk about myself first. 2. Thank you ver

36、y much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way, I have something here for you. 3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage? 4. Im going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By

37、 the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai. 5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible? 6. Chris is back from Australia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderful. Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1

38、. (1) prospective (2) As I see it (3) done your homework (4) beforehand (5) endeavor (6) structure (7) partners (8) Respond(9) take a crack (10) from the standpoint (11) make a difference (12) follow up 2. (1) encouraging (2) inquiry (3) relevant (4) samples (5) references (6) advice (7) preparing (

39、8) seriously (9) probably (10) exhibit II. Translation 1. 1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while. 2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out) that she had un

40、dergone two plastic surgeries. 3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, well have the future in our hands. 4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks

41、for a snack. 5) People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.2. Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standp

42、oint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a differences in his chance of success. I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview

43、 prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible dont have much of a chance of success. Unit 4Text AText rganization 1.PartsParagraphsMain IdeasPart OneParas 1-3Introduction to Davos Man and the World Eco

44、nomic ForumPart TwoParas 4-5Debate over the impact of globalization on current society and culturePart Three ppppPTThreeThreeParas 6-8History of globalization and its recent trends and future prospectsPart FourParas. 9-11Globalization versus nationalism and the challenges it faces2. Main Events1. Da

45、vos man spends a lot of time in places other than his native country.2. Davos Man sees their identity as a mater of personal choice, not an accident of birth.3. Davos Man believes that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital, labor and technology across national borders, is both welcome and un

46、stoppable.4. Davos Man sees the world increasingly as one vast, interconnected market-place in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.23 / 23VocabularyI. 1) advantageous2) let alone3) witnessing/vanishing 4) landmark5) entitled

47、 6) displace7) Establishment 8) patriotic/strengthen9) contradictions 10) aspires11) divorced 12) pendulums2.1) come to 2) dozed off3) believed in 4) was set apart5) take in6) sucks in7) clean up 8) turn away3.1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.2)Toyata h

48、as overtaken General Motors as the worlds biggest car maker. 3)Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with his wife over money matters. 4)Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.5)She doesnt even know how to boil potatoes, let alone cook a meal. 5. a) is increasing

49、ly/to accelerate/their investmentb) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance betweenc) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scaleII.Word FormationWTOWorld Trade Organization 世界贸易组织GDPGross domestic product国生产总值ATMAutomated teller machine自动出纳机VATValue-added tax增值税CADComputer-aided design计算

50、机辅助设计ITInformation technology信息技术IDDInternational direct dialing国际直拨MTVMusic television音乐电视RadarRadio detecting and ranging雷达IOCInternational Olympic Committee国际奥委会VIPVery important person贵宾，大人物LaserLight amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光CPUCentral processing unit中央处理器III. Usage1.

51、An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday.2. The reason(he gave) that he didnt notice the car till too late was unsatisfactory.3. Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.4. Cloning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed,

52、 something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze2. networking4. growth6. facilitate8. outlook10. patriotic 12. strike a balance(A)1. academics 3.a variety of 5. vanish7. endorsing 9. sweeping aside11. erasing(B)1. aided2.effects3.

53、distances4. connected5. invested6. features7. prevailing8. qualitatively9. volume10. DistinguishingII. Translation1.) Due to his pessimistic outlook on the European economy, John has moved his assets from Europe to elsewhere.2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to w

54、ork.3) Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.4) Why is it that a considerable number of colleagues are at odds with you?5) The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation with developing count

55、ries.2Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers are moving on a large scale to urban areas to look for jobs. And for those young people who aspire to study abroad or work in foreign-invested enterprises, English has become increasingly important. At the same

56、time, a considerable number of overseas Chinese students have returned home in recent years, for they hold an optimistic outlook for the long-term growth of the Chinese economy. The internet has strengthened the links between Chinese young people and those elsewhere. They follow the latest trend and

57、 copy foreign fashions. Some of them dont seem to care for traditional Chinese virtues, let alone carry them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culture might one day vanish.Unit 5 TextAoganization 1.PartsParagraphsMain IdeasPart OneParas 1It is no easy to judge peo

58、ple, for they arent always what they appear to bePart TwoParas 2-3Kind and gentle, Edward Burton, a wealthy merchant, appeared as if he could not bear to hurt a fly.Part Three Paras 4-51History of globalization and its recent trends and future prospectssectionsParagraphsMain Ideassection OneParas 4-

59、16What Edward knew about Lennysection TwoParas 17-31How Edward responded to Lennys requestsection Three Paras 32-51How Edward, a “kind” gentleman, handled a friend in desperate need of helpVocabularyI1) In a way 2) in accordance 3) vacancy 4) in good condition 5) transparent 6) rub 7) spicy 8) hithe

60、rto9) with (a) bad grace 10) instinct 11) pawned 12) current2.1) turned up 2) will stick to 3) brought back 4)go about5) driving at 6) put away 7) over 8) took aback3. 1) has a very weak constitution - she may not be able to survive the operation.2) was taken aback by the insurance companys rejection of my compensation claim3) was something of a surprise when we ran into each other in a place like that.4) needs trimming/ to be trimmed -its getting too long.5) are often seceptive4.1) Oddly enough /went broke /wrinkled / he had gone all to pieces2) definite / is capable o