2022年考博英语-江西师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷(含答案带详解)套卷99

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1、2022年考博英语-江西师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷(含答案带详解)1. 单选题In todays medical, little agreement exists on the _ for defining mental illness.问题1选项A.legislationB.requirementC.criteriaD.measures【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. legislation 立法,法律 B. requirement 要求,必要条件C. criteria 判断标准 D. measures 措施,方法【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】由defining mental il

2、lness(定义精神疾病)和agreement(意见)可知,“判断标准”符合句子意思。因此,该题选择C项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项都不符合句意。【句意】在今天的医学中,关于定义精神疾病的标准几乎没有一致的意见。2. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version on Answer Sheet. (10%)Like the population explosion, the scientific and technological revolution b

3、egan to pick up speed slowly during the eighteenth century. And this ongoing revolution has also suddenly accelerated exponentially. For example, it is now an axiom in many fields of science that more new and important discoveries have taken place in the last ten years than in the entire previous hi

4、story of science. While no single discovery has had the kind of effect on our relationship to the earth that nuclear weapons have had on our relationship to warfare, it is nevertheless true that taken together, they have completely transformed our cumulative ability to exploit the earth for sustenan

5、cemaking the consequences of unrestrained exploitation every bit as unthinkable as the consequences of unrestrained nuclear war.【答案】和人口爆炸一样,科技革命在十八世纪开始慢慢加速。之后这场正在进行的革命也突然呈指数地加速。例如,在过去十年中发生的重大新发现比以往整个科学史上的发现都要多,这已成为许多科学领域的一个公理。虽然没有任何一项发现产生了像核武器对我们与战争的关系所产生的影响一样,对我们与地球的关系产生了如此大的影响,但总的来说,它们完全改变了我们为维持生存

6、而不断积累的开采地球的能力,这使得无节制开采的后果与无节制的核战争的后果一样难以想象。3. 单选题The critics considered only the undesirable qualities in the artists work, while ignoring or _ the more desirable ones.问题1选项A.criticizingB.overlookingC.desertingD.flattering【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. criticizing 批评 B. overlooking 忽略C. deserting 抛弃,遗弃 D. flatte

7、ring 奉承,谄媚【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】空格处与ignoring为并列成分,所以空格处的意思与ignoring(忽视)的意思相近,故B项符合。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合句子意思。【句意】批评家们只考虑了艺术家作品中的不良品质,而忽略了更可取的品质。4. 单选题What kind of human being will the future spaceman be? Will he need bones of steel and powerful muscles to resist rocket thrust, the lungs of a glass blower, a m

8、ighty heart, the calmness of an acrobat, unconscious death urges, or a schizophrenic (患精神分裂症的) drove toward isolation? Popular ideas of a spaceman tend to be funny composites of fiction and fact.A more realistic portrait emerges from the young science of bioastronautics, the newest and strangest of

9、medical disciplines. The astronaut may be described as a young man of high intelligence who is normal to an abnormal degree. On earth he may well have been a high jumper, or acrobat. He must be highly motivated, carefully trained, and he must want to come back.His heart and lungs must be healthy but

10、 need not be exceptionally developed, for his cabin will be pressurized. Huge muscles may actually be disadvantageous, for he will have almost no way to get exercise, and he will find that the strength of a year-old child is adequate in the weightlessness of space. A firm body and a short, strong ne

11、ck will help him to withstand the tremendous forces encountered at take-off. Most important physically, his digestive system must be one that will not be upset by weightlessness; he must not be subject to motion sickness.46. All the following are popular beliefs about the future spaceman EXCEPT that

12、 _.47. Which of the following is NOT considered by the author as a more realistic image of the future spaceman?48. Bioastronautics is mostly related to _.49. “normal to an abnormal degree” (Para. 2) means _.50. To the future spaceman, what is most physically important is that _.问题1选项A.faced with iso

13、lation, he is brave enough and not liable to go madB.he needs to have a strong death complexC.he must have strong bones and powerful musclesD.he must be cool-headed问题2选项A.He must have superior intelligence.B.He is young.C.He should have a strong desire to survive.D.He doesnt get upset easily.问题3选项A.

14、literatureB.the science of medicineC.biologyD.disciplines and regulations问题4选项A.seemingly normal but actually abnormalB.so ordinary that he is undistinguished in every wayC.extremely healthy, and there is nothing abnormal with himD.so normal that no one believes it is true问题5选项A.his vital capacity m

15、ust be as great at a glass blowersB.he must have a short and firm neckC.his heart must be comparatively largeD.his digestive system should not be upset by weightlessness【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:B第4题:B第5题:D【解析】46.【选项释义】46. All the following are popular beliefs about the future spaceman EXCEPT that _. 46. 下面

16、这些都是关于未来宇航员流行的信念,除了_。A. faced with isolation, he is brave enough and not liable to go mad A. 面对孤立,他是足够勇敢的,不会发疯B. he needs to have a strong death complex B. 他需要有强烈的死亡情结C. he must have strong bones and powerful muscles C. 他必须有强壮的骨骼和强壮的肌肉D. he must be cool-headed D. 他必须头脑冷静【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干的关键信息pop

17、ular beliefs定位至文章第一段,第二句对此有描述“他需要钢铁般的骨骼和强壮的肌肉来抵抗火箭的推力(bones of steel and powerful muscles),需要吹玻璃者的肺,需要强大的心脏,需要杂技演员的冷静(the calmness of an acrobat),需要无意识的死亡冲动(unconscious death urges),还是需要一个被推向孤立的精神分裂症?”,从中可知,只有A项不符合原文,文中虽然提到了“孤立”,但重点是“精神分裂症”,所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B选项“他需要有强烈的死亡情结”、C选项“他必须有强壮的骨骼和强壮的肌肉”和D选项“他

18、必须头脑冷静”都包括在内。47.【选项释义】47. Which of the following is NOT considered by the author as a more realistic image of the future spaceman? 47. 以下哪一项不是作者认为的更现实的未来宇航员的形象?A. He must have superior intelligence. A. 他一定有过人的智慧。B. He is young. B. 他是年轻的。C. He should have a strong desire to survive. C. 他应该有强烈的求生欲望。D.

19、 He doesnt get upset easily. D. 他不容易生气。【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干中的信息a more realistic image定位至文章第二段,文中对于未来宇航员现实的形象有描述:宇航员可以被描述为一个智力超群的年轻人(a young man of high intelligence),他的正常程度达到了不正常的程度。在地球上,他很可能是个跳高运动员,或者杂技演员。他必须有高度的积极性,经过仔细的训练,他必须想要回来(he must want to come back)。从中可知,只有D项“他不容易生气”在文中是没有提及的,属于无中生有。所以,该题

20、选择D项。【干扰项排除】A选项“他一定有过人的智慧”、B选项“他是年轻的”和C选项“他应该有强烈的求生欲望”都符合原文。48.【选项释义】48. Bioastronautics is mostly related to _. 48. 生物航天大多与_有关。A. literature A. 文学B. the science of medicine B. 医学科学C. biology C. 生物D. disciplines and regulations D. 规程和规定【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据关键词Bioastronautics定位至第二段第一句“生物航天(Bioastronaut

21、ics)这门年轻的科学是最新、最奇特的医学学科(medical disciplines),它的描绘更为现实”,可知,生物航天是一门医学学科,所以它与医学相关。因此,该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A选项“文学”、C选项“生物”和D选项“规程和规定”没有提及,无中生有。49.【选项释义】49. “normal to an abnormal degree” (Para. 2) means _. 49. 第二段“正常到不正常的程度”的意思是_。A. seemingly normal but actually abnormal A. 表面上正常,实际上不正常B. so ordinary that he i

22、s undistinguished in every way B. 他是如此平凡,以至于在各方面都不出众C. extremely healthy, and there is nothing abnormal with him C. 他非常健康,没有什么不正常的D. so normal that no one believes it is true D. 如此正常没人相信这是真的【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干定位到第二段第二句“宇航员可以被描述为一个智力超群的年轻人,他的正常程度达到了不正常的程度(normal to an abnormal degree)”,这是作者在文章中对于现实

23、的未来宇航员的描述,结合后一句“在地球上,他很可能是个跳高运动员,或者杂技演员”,综合理解可推断,作者认为现实中未来宇航员也是一个普通的人,所以normal to an abnormal degree在这里是指“普通到不能再普通的地步了”,B选项“他是如此平凡,以至于在各方面都不出众”符合这一描述。【干扰项排除】A选项“表面上正常,实际上不正常”、C选项“他非常健康,没有什么不正常的”和D选项“如此正常没人相信这是真的”理解错误,属于曲解原文。50.【选项释义】50. To the future spaceman, what is most physically important is th

24、at _. 50. 对于未来的宇航员来说,最重要的是_。A. his vital capacity must be as great at a glass blowers A. 他的肺活量肯定和吹玻璃的工人一样大B. he must have a short and firm neck B. 他的脖子一定又短又结实C. his heart must be comparatively large C. 他的心脏一定比较大D. his digestive system should not be upset by weightlessness D. 他的消化系统不会因为失重而紊乱【考查点】事实细节

25、题。【解题思路】根据题干中的关键信息“most physically important”定位至文章最后一句话“对身体最重要的是(Most important physically),他的消化系统必须不会因失重而紊乱”,从中可知,对于未来的太空人来说,最重要的事情就是他的消化系统不会由于失重而紊乱。因此,该题选择D项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“他的肺活量肯定和吹玻璃的工人一样大”和C选项“他的心脏一定比较大”定位至最后一段第一句“他的心脏和肺必须是健康的,但不需要特别发达(need not be exceptionally developed),因为他的机舱将有压力”,可知这两项曲解原文;B选

26、项定位最后一段倒数第二句“一个结实的身体和一个短而强壮的脖子将帮助他承受在起飞时遇到的巨大的力量”,可知,“他的脖子一定又短又结实”确实是未来宇航员具备的,但不是最重要的,属于张冠李戴。5. 单选题The girl in the photo wears a broad smile, her wavy hair _ over her shoulders.问题1选项A.flowsB.flowC.flowingD.flowed【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. flows 流动,飘垂(单数形式) B. flow流动,飘垂(原形)C. flowing流动,飘垂(现在分词) D. flowed流动,飘垂

27、(过去分词)【考查点】独立主格结构。【解题思路】这个句子已经有主谓宾,所以空格处的动词只能以非谓语的形式出现;而空格处的逻辑主语与主句的逻辑主语不一致,所以后半部分应该为独立主格结构。独立主格结构的形式是:名词/代词 + 分词/不定式/介词短语/名词/副词,这里flow和hair之间是主动关系,所以用flowing,C项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B选项不是非谓语形式,不符合句子语法结构;D选项表示被动,不符合语义逻辑。【句意】照片中的女孩笑容灿烂,波浪般的头发飘垂在肩上。6. 单选题Experts believe the large number of cancer cases in the a

28、rea is _ the new nuclear power station.问题1选项A.resulted fromB.concerned aboutC.related toD.dependent on【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. resulted from 起因于,由引起 B. concerned about 关心C. related to 与有关 D. dependent on 依赖于,依靠【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】由the large number of cancer cases(大量的癌症病例)与new nuclear power station(新核电站)可知,它们两个

29、之间是“有联系的”,而且be related to表示“与有关”符合句意。因此,该题选择C项正确。【干扰项排除】B、D选项不符合句意;A选项result from本身就有被动的含义在里面,所以前面不需要be动词,故排除。【句意】专家认为该地区大量的癌症病例与新核电站有关。7. 单选题The teacher laid a lot of _ on practice.问题1选项A.attentionB.focusC.emphasisD.word【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. attention 注意 B. focus 关注C. emphasis 强调 D. word 词语【考查点】固定搭配【解题

30、思路】结合选项推测,原句语义为“这个老师非常重视实践”,原文使用的表达为laid a lot of _ on。C选项emphasis“强调”符合搭配要求,其常用搭配为put/lay/place emphasis on sth.“强调/重视某事”。【干扰项排除】A选项attention“注意”,常用搭配为pay/draw/attract attention to,不符合原句搭配;B选项focus“关注”,常用搭配为the focus of/on sth.,不符合原句搭配;D选项word“词语”,不用于原文搭配。【句意】这个老师非常重视实践。8. 单选题Most Western nations,

31、including the U.S., _16_ Japan the benefits of its rigorous educational system. More than 90% of Japanese students graduate from twelfth grade (in contrast to 75% the U. S.), _17_ a demanding academic agenda. During high school, the Japanese must _18_ far more math and science than their American co

32、unterparts. By the time they _19_ their college entrance exams, students are prepared to handle questions in English grammar, as well as Japanese, and in subject _20_ not generally approached until college in the U. S. The system has _21_ Japan well. It prepares students for smooth _22_ into an over

33、crowded and competitive society. In a _23_ ordered culture like Japans, high educational achievement is _24_ the only guarantee of a successful career. More than 65% of high school students _25_ with college entrance courses. _26_ begins early. From the time children first set foot in school at age

34、six, they are faced _27_ seven hours of classes a day, 240 days a year and twelve years of unremitting pressure. Students devote almost all their _28_ hours to studies. In addition to regular classes and half-days on Saturdays, they often _29_ up to five additional hours at special cram schools call

35、ed “juku” (private academies). A candidate may apply to only one top university. Because government ministries and top firms all recruit from a handful of universities, _30_ to settle for a low-ranking institution is an almost irreversible disaster. The ultimate _31_ of success: acceptance by the 14

36、,000-student Tokyo University.Preoccupation with exams leads the Japanese to emphasize _32_ rather than analytical thinking. The teacher talks, and the students listen. The pressure to do well can become so _33_ that some students commit suicide, even before attempting college entrance exams. The te

37、en-age suicide rate in Japanese is 17.6 per 100, 000 (in the U. S. it is 10.9), and almost all of it is thought _34_ to academic stress. The universities do not offer much consolation. One sent this message to a _35_ candidate: “You cannot go on living unless you are tough”.问题1选项A.envyB.hateC.admire

38、D.appreciate问题2选项A.despiteB.in spiteC.no matterD.however问题3选项A.makeB.getC.acquireD.cover问题4选项A.takeB.enterC.undertakeD.make问题5选项A.topicsB.problemsC.coursesD.matter问题6选项A.served forB.served inC.servedD.served with问题7选项A.entryB.enteringC.recruitD.transmitting问题8选项A.casualB.casuallyC.carefullyD.careful

39、问题9选项A.wonderfullyB.rarelyC.hardlyD.virtually问题10选项A.stickB.clungC.stuckD.insist问题11选项A.TechnologyB.IndustryC.TechniqueD.Occupation问题12选项A.toB.forC.withD.up问题13选项A.awakeningB.wakingC.wakefulD.sleeping问题14选项A.takeB.costC.giveD.spend问题15选项A.they hadB.they needC.wantingD.having问题16选项A.degreeB.extentC.m

40、easurementD.measure问题17选项A.remindingB.interpretationC.memorizationD.learning问题18选项A.stingyB.deservingC.intenseD.natural问题19选项A.concerningB.relativeC.to be relatedD.to be attached问题20选项A.rejectedB.rejectingC.rejectionD.reject【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C第6题:C第7题:B第8题:C第9题:D第10题:A第11题:B第12题:C第13题:B第14

41、题:D第15题:D第16题:D第17题:C第18题:C第19题:C第20题:A【解析】16. 【选项释义】A. envy 妒忌 B. hate 恨C. admire 佩服 D. appreciate 感谢,欣赏【考查点】关联上下文【解题思路】根据下文中日本的12年教育普及率达到90%而美国的只有75%可知,答案应该排除B、D选项。空格处的句子缺谓语动词,连接两个宾语,A、C选项中能够接双宾语的动词只有A选项,所以答案选A。【干扰项排除】B、D选项不符合语境,C选项不符合语法。【句意】包括美国在内的大多数西方国家都羡慕日本严格的教育制度带来的好处。17. 【选项释义】A. despite 即使

42、B. in spite 尽管C. no matter 无论怎样 D. however 然而,无论如何【考查点】句间逻辑【解题思路】空格前面说日本十二年教育普及率达到90%,后面说日本的学业日程十分苛刻,这两句构成了一个转折关系,所以答案选A选项。【干扰项排除】in spite一般需要与of 搭配使用;no matter一般不单独使用;however如果作连词后面需要接句子,如果作副词后面需要接名词。【句意】超过90%的日本学生从十二年级毕业(相比之下,美国的这一比例为75%),即使(日本学生)面临着苛刻的学业日程。18. 【选项释义】A. make 使得 B. get 获得C. acquire

43、 获取 D. cover 覆盖【考查点】搭配题【解题思路】根据句中意思可以推测,空格处的动词应该和宾语math and science搭配,所以答案选D“覆盖”。【干扰项排除】A选项不符合语境;如果是获得的话math和science应该加knowledge,因为math和science是学科不能够获得。【句意】在高中期间,日本人必须比美国人覆盖更多的数学和科学知识。19. 【选项释义】A. take 拿,取 B. enter 进入C. undertake 承担,保证 D. make 使得【考查点】搭配【解题思路】根据空格后面的关键词exam“考试”可知,答案选A选项,组成固定搭配take ex

44、ams“参加考试”。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合题意。【句意】到他们参加大学入学考试的时候,学生们已经准备好处理英语语法问题。20. 【选项释义】A. topics 话题 B. problems 问题C. courses 课程 D. matter课题,事件【考查点】搭配题【解题思路】分析原文结构,这里应该是questions. in subject_.,前面有questions,选项中和“问题”搭配最合适的是课程。【干扰项排除】topic“主题”,大学能够接触到的主题过于宽泛不会只限于学业上的,而这篇文章主要是谈论学业,所以不选;matter是可数名词,前面没有冠词的话,后面应该用复数形

45、式,后面用problems会造成语义重复。【句意】一些通常美国大学时期才会接触到的课程。21.【选项释义】A. served for 充当,起作用 B. served in 在起作用C. served 服务,提供 D. served with 佐餐,向提供【考查点】关联上下文【解题思路】下一句是对空格所在之处起到解释说明的作用,下文说这套系统能让日本学生更顺利的融入社会,所以这里空格处的词义应该是“服务”,serve直接加人或国家,表示服务,所以答案选C选项。【干扰项排除】空格后面是一个地名,没有具体的作用,所以A、B选项不能选,D选项代入句中表示系统提供日本,也不符合逻辑,所以不选。【句意】

46、这一系统对日本很有效。22. 【选项释义】A. entry进入,入口(n.) B. entering 进入C. recruit招募,聘用(v.) D. transmitting 传递,发射【考查点】关联上下文【解题思路】根据文章上下文意推测,空格前的主语是students“学生”,空格后面是society“社会”,所以可以推测,这个分句句意是学生更加顺利的进入拥挤且具有竞争力的社会,空格处词义应该填“进入”,所以答案选B选项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合题意。【句意】它为学生顺利进入一个人满为患、竞争激烈的社会做好准备。23. 【选项释义】A. casual 随便的,临时的(adj.)

47、B. casually 随便地,临时地(adv.)C. carefully 小心地(adv.) D. careful 小心的(adj.)【考查点】关联上下文【解题思路】根据下文的关键词only“仅仅”可知,这里的词义不会是“随便地/的”,空格后面的词语是ordered是一个形容词,所以需要用副词修饰,所以答案选C选项。【干扰项排除】A、B选项不符合逻辑,D选项不符合语法。【句意】在日本这样井然有序的文化中。24. 【选项释义】A. wonderfully 极好地(adv.) B. rarely 很少地(adv.)C. hardly 几乎不(adv.) D. virtually 事实上(adv.

48、)【考查点】关联上下文【解题思路】根据上下文,前文一直在强调学业对日本学生的重要性,所以这句也应该是在复述同一个事实,这里符合题意的只有D选项。【干扰项排除】A选项代入句中不符合逻辑,B、C选项不符合语境。【句意】在日本这样井然有序的文化中,高学历事实上是事业成功的唯一保证。25. 【选项释义】A. stick (with) 被迫接受 B. clung 依偎C. stuck (with) 被迫接受 D. insist 坚持【考查点】语法题【解题思路】这里句子后面的介词是with,所以可以排除B、D选项,A、C的差别是时态,全文用的时态是一般现在时,所以答案选A选项。【干扰项排除】C选项不符合时

49、态,B、D选项一般不和with搭配。【句意】超过65%的高中生被迫接受了大学入学课程。26. 【选项释义】A. Technology 技术,工艺 B. Industry 产业,工业,勤奋C. Technique 技巧,手法 D. Occupation 职业,占有【考查点】关联上下文【解题思路】下文中日本学生六岁就开始面对繁重的课程,上文中也写到日本学生的课业繁重,所以这里选择B选项“勤奋”。【干扰项排除】A、C、D文章没有提到技术技巧职业,与全文都没有很大的联系,所以不选。【句意】勤奋很早就开始了。27. 【选项释义】A. to 到 B. for 为了C. with 和 D. up 上【考查点

50、】搭配题【解题思路】根据固定搭配face with,这里应该选C选项。【干扰项排除】A选项一般不单独和face搭配,B、D选项一般不和face搭配。【句意】从孩子们6岁第一次踏入学校开始,他们每天要上7个小时的课。28. 【选项释义】A. awakening 觉醒的 B. waking 醒着的C. wakeful 不能入睡的,醒着的 D. sleeping 睡着的【考查点】关联上下文【解题思路】这里根据上文说学生每天至少上七个小时的课程,由此可以推测他们是把醒着的时间都用在学习上了,所以空格处应该填“醒着的”,所以答案选B选项。【干扰项排除】A、D选项不符合原文语境。C选项指失眠,睡不着而醒着

51、的,不符合语境,所以不选。【句意】学生几乎把他们所有醒着的时间都用在了学习上。29. 【选项释义】A. take 拿 B. cost 花费C. give 给 D. spend 度过,花费【考查点】搭配问题【解题思路】这里根据上下文逻辑是说学生花费多少时间在学习上,所以可以排除A、C选项;cost和spend的区别:spend:指花费时间和金钱;只能用人做主语,有被动语态;cost:指花费时间、金钱、精力等,只能用事物做主语且无被动语态,这里的主语是they(学生们),所以答案选D选项。【干扰项排除】这里的介词to是和devote组成固定搭配,不是take time to do花时间做,而且这个

52、词组代入句中不符合语境,所以A不选;B选项见正确选项解析;C选项不符合语义。【句意】他们经常在被称为塾(私人学院)的特殊补习学校额外学习5个小时。30.【选项释义】A. they had 他们有 B. they need 他们需要C. wanting 需要 D. having 有【考查点】语法题【解题思路】因为because是连词可以连接两个句子,而后面的句子有系动词is,而空格前面没有关系代词,所以不可能是主语从句,所以可以排除A、B选项;根据关键词because可知,前后两个句子之间存在着因果关系,前面的句子是说顶级公司只在少量大学里招人,后面说进入低排名机构是灾难,所以空格处不可能填“需

53、要”,所以答案选D。【干扰项排除】A、B、C不符合语境。【句意】因为政府部门和顶级公司都只是从少数大学里面招人,所以去一个低排名的机构几乎是一场不可逆转的灾难。31.【选项释义】A. degree程度 B. extent范围C. measurement 衡量,长度,数量 D. measure测量方法【考查点】搭配题【解题思路】根据关键词of可知这里的名词是用来修饰success“成功”,结合句意,成功的()是进入东京大学,由此可知空格处应该填“衡量,测量”,所以排除A、B选项。measurement只有“测量”的本意,只表示测量数据、长度等具体的事物;measure作名词使用时可以用本意,表示

54、测量具体的东西,可以用引申义,用来测量抽象的东西,如成功等,所以答案选D。【干扰项排除】A、B选项不符合原文语境,C选项不符合语法。【句意】最终成功的度量方法是进入拥有14000人的东京大学。32.【选项释义】A. reminding 提醒,使想起 B. interpretation 解释,翻译C. memorization 记住 D. learning 学习【考查点】句间逻辑【解题思路】根据文章关键词rather than可知,空格处的词语与critical thinking之间存在着相对的意思,所以答案应该选C选项“记住”。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项代入文中不符合文意。【句意】因为把考试

55、放在重要位置,所以就导致日本人强调死记硬背而不是批判思维。33. 【选项释义】A. stingy 吝啬的 B. deserving 值得的C. intense 强烈的 D. natural 自然的【考查点】句间逻辑【解题思路】根据关键词sothat可知,空格处的句子和下面的句子之间存在着因果关系,前面部分是讲的pressure“压力”,后面部分讲一些学生自杀,由此可以推测是因为压力太大有些人承受不了,所以才会做出这样的选择,所以答案选C选项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不能修饰pressure所以不选。【句意】想办法做好的压力变得很大,以至于一些学生自杀了。34. 【选项释义】A. conce

56、rning 就而言,考虑 B. relative 相对的C. to be related 与有关 D. to be attached (to) 喜爱,依附于【考查点】固定搭配【解题思路】根据固定搭配be thought to do“被认为”,所以可以排除A、B选项,这里的it指代学生自杀这件事,空格后面连接的是学业压力,两者之间不存在依附或者喜欢的关系,所以答案选C选项。【干扰项排除】be thought doing“被认为是在做”,如果代入A选项中句意则变成了“学生自杀被认为是在考虑学业压力”,不符合逻辑,所以不选;B选项不符合语法,C选项不符合逻辑。【句意】几乎所有都被认为和学业压力有关。

57、35. 【选项释义】A. rejected 拒绝的(adj.) B. rejecting 被拒绝的(adj.)C. rejection 拒绝(n.) D. reject 拒绝(v.)【考查点】语法题【解题思路】空格后面的单词是名词,所以空格处的词性应该是形容词词性,可以排除C、D选项。以-ing结尾的形容词一般用来形容物,以-ed结尾的形容词一般用来形容人,由此可知答案选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合语法。【句意】有人向一位被拒绝的候选人发出了这样的信息:“如果你不坚强,你就不能活下去。”9. 翻译题II. (本题3段,每段10分)Humanistic psychologyHumani

58、stic psychologists believe that behaviorists are over-concerned with the scientific study and analysis of the actions of man as an organism, to the neglect of basic aspects of man as a feeling, thinking individual, and that too much effort is spent in laboratory research, which quantifies and reduce

59、s human behavior to its elements. Humanists also take issue with the deterministic orientation of psychoanalysis, which postulates that mans early experiences and drives determine his behavior. Humanists tend to believe that the individual is responsible for his life and actions and may time creativ

60、ely change his attitudes or behavior through awareness and will. The humanist is concerned with the fullest growth of the individual in the areas of love, fulfillment, self-worth, and autonomy; maturation is considered a process during which one establishes and follows ones system of values.Experime

61、nt methodThe experiment is a research in which the investigator manipulates a variable carefully controlled conditions and observes whether any changes occur in a second variable as a result. Thus, the purpose of an experiment is to find out how one variable, lets call it X, affects another variable, which well call Y. In this formulation, we refer to X as the independent variable to Y as the dependent variable. An independent variable is a condition or event that

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