教师版备战2010届高考英语复习-情态动词(学案).doc
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专题十 情态动词【考纲解读】每年的高考英语的单选题(15个)中就有一、二个是对情态动词和虚拟语气的测试。试题的特征不会有显著变化,即:立意仍将不偏不怪,情景仍将逼近真实,设问角度仍将综合化和细微化。情态动词重点情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法;情态动词与虚拟语气;情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”,情态动词表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。【知识要点】情态动词3、must的基本用法5、have to 的基本用法:have to和must的意义相近,只是 must侧重表示说话人的主观看法,而have to 则表示客观需要,如:I must study hard. I had to give it up because of illness. 6、ought to的基本用法(l)表示根据某种义务或必要“应当”做某事,语气比should强,例如:Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations. (2)表示推测,注意与must表示推测时的区别:He must be home by now .(断定他已到家),He ought to be home by now .(不十分肯定),This is where the oil must be.(比较直率) ,This is where the oil ought to be. (比较含蓄) ;(3)“ought + have+ 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而 实际未做。例如:You ought to have helped him. (but you didnt) 这时,ought与 should可以互相换用。注意,在美国英语中ought to 用于否定和疑问句时to可以省略。例如:Ought you smoke so much? You oughtnt smoke so much.7、dare的基本用法11、will的基本用法(1)用于各人称,可以表示“意志”或“决心”,如:I have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen. (2)在疑问句中用于第二人称,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问对方的意愿,如:Will you please tell me how to get to the Capital Gymnasium? (3)will可以表示一种习惯性的动作,有“总是”或“会要”之意,如:Every morning he will have a walk along this river.12、would的基本用法(1)would作为will的过去式,可用于各人称,表示过去时间的“意志”或“决心”,如:He promised he would never smoke again. (2)在疑问句中,用于第二人称,表示说话人向对方提出请求或许问对方的意愿时,比用will的气更加婉转,如:Would you like some more coffee? (3)在日常生活中,学用“I would like to”表示“我想要”或“我愿意”之意,以使语气婉转,如:I would like to do Ex.2 first. (4)would可以表示过去的习惯动作,比used to正式,并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如:Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class. / During the vacation he would visit me every week. (5)表料想或猜想,如:It would be about ten when he left 【考点诠释】考点一、情态动词基本含义的考查 情态动词的基本含义,一直是高考考查的重要内容。例如: 1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone_get out. A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could 2. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. They_be ready by 12:00. A. can B. should C. might D. need 3. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman_be so rude to a lady . A. might B. need C. shouldD. would 分析:高考对情态动词基本含义的考查,仍然集中在常用的情态动词上。对常用情态动词的含义,要掌握的既准确又要全面,特别是shall, should, can, may 四个常用情态动词的含义较多,不易理解,复习时应当引起重视。二、情态动词表示推测的考查 对情态动词表示推测的用法,是高考考查情态动词的一个重要方面。例如: 1. Sorry, Im late. I_have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again . A. might B. should C. can D. will 2. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he_your lecture. A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attended C. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended 3.Mr Bush is on time for everything. How_it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must 4.I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter? It_true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be 三、情态动词表示虚拟的考查 情态动词have+过去分词表示与过去事实上相反的情况,也是高考单项选择题涉及到情态动词的一个重要方面。 1. There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You_come, but why didnt you? A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have 2.I was really anxious about you. You_home without a word.(NMET2001,33)A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave 3.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I_so much fried chicken just now. A. shouldnt eat B. mustnt have eaten C. shouldnt have eaten D. mustnt eat 考点四、情态动词与助动词混合考查1.Tom ,you didnt come to the party last night? I_, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do .(NMET2007全国卷II,20) A. had to B. didnt C. was going to D. wouldnt 2.Your phone number again? I_quite catch it . Its 86184867. A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant 【高考链接】1.(09安徽)29. Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy;they just be quiet people.A. must B. may C. should D. would2,(09北京)25. One of the few things you _ _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. need B. must C. should D. can3.(09重庆卷)32. -Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? -She in the classroom. I saw her there just now. A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been 4.(NMET2008山东,24)Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you. A. can manage B. could have managedC. could manage D. can have managed5.(NMET2007 江苏)She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam.I guess so. Its not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might6.(NMET2008全国II) Liza _ well not want to go on the trip - she hates traveling. A. will B. can C. must D. may7.(NMET2008四川) Although this _ sound like a simple task, great care is needed. A. must B. may C. shall D. should8. (NMET2008重庆)I cant find my purse anywhere. You _ have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should D. would9. (NMET2008陕西)-What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?-Well, it _ be big-thats not important. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont 10(2008上海春)When I was young, I was told that I _ play with matches A. wouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. darent11 (NMET2008上海) According to the air traffic rules, you _ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A. mayB. can C. wouldD. should12(NMET2008北京) John promised his doctor he _ not smoke and he has never smoked ever since. A. might B. should C. could D. would13(NMET2007全国I)Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. will B. would C. should D. must- 配套讲稿:
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