QLB-D600×600快速升降平板硫化机设计【含5张CAD高清图纸、说明书】【LB0】
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沈阳化工大学科亚学院学士学位设计 文献综述 沈阳化工大学科亚学院学毕业论文文献综述QLB-600600快速升降平板硫化机设计姓名:许东健 班级:机制1102 指导教师:董林福平板硫化机的主要功能是提供硫化所需的压力和温度。压力由液压系统通过液压缸产生,温度由加热介质(通常为蒸汽)所提供。平带平板硫化机按机架的结构形式主要可分为柱式平带平板硫化机和框式平带平板硫化机两类;按工作层数可有单层和双层之分:按液压系统工作介质则可有油压和水压之分。一 定义平板硫化机主要是由柱塞,工作缸,密封装置等组成,用于传递液压能的部件,将液体的压能转变成带动平台沿立柱运动的功能,利用紧固在平台和上横梁上的热板给模具加压,加热到一定时间,从而满足硫化的三个要素:温度,压力和时间。二 规格表示与技术特征(一)规格表示平板硫化机的规格表示方法比较灵活。1.原来的表示方法:(1)热板的“宽度X长度”来表示,单位mm。(2)平板硫化机的公称吨位来表示,单位吨。(3)上述两种混合表示,吨位/宽度X长度。如:400X400mm,表示长度、宽度为400mm;25T,表示平板硫化机的公称吨位是25吨;100/600X600,表示公称吨位100吨,热板的宽度、长度为600mm。板书)2、现在国标的表示方法:(1)模型制品平板硫化机为: QLB350X350X2其中Q表示类型为其他机械;L表示硫化;B表示板型;350X350X2表示宽度X长度X层数。(有时在QLB后加Q表示蒸汽加热,D表示电加热。板书)(2)平带平板硫化机为:DLB1200X8500X2其中D表示类型为胶带机械;(3)V带颚式平板硫化机为:DLE370X180其中E表示颚式。(二)技术特征主要技术特征包括:型式、热板规格、公称吨位、层数、热板间距、柱塞最大行程、机台尺寸、重量、温度范围、压力范围、如何配套等。三 平板硫化机的发展现状 1 .我国硫化机的发展概况我国硫化机行业对于其他机械行业来说,其受洋货的冲击较小,其本身的发展较好,近年机械式硫化机的研究,开发,创新,十分活跃已进入成熟阶段,首先在型号规格上真正实现了系列化。在硫化机的横梁运动轨迹上,我国硫化机厂家针对传统的升降一翻转型硫化机的缺陷大胆创新,开发出B型垂直平移式子午轮胎定型硫化机系列,RIB型垂直升降机械式硫化机系统。大大提高了上下模具的同轴度尤其是其重复精度。在中心机构上有A型,B型,C型,RIB型。并且B型运用最普遍。A型硫化机因常易出现的“子口定中”问题,除轮胎厂特殊要求外,我国硫化机厂正逐渐淘汰A型中心机构。RIB已逐步被认可,现在1050,1170,1525都有RIB中心机构。2001年度国家级重点新产品项目:1700液压硫化机列入“十五”国家重大技术装备研制项目。我国通过对引进液压硫化机的消化吸收,已基本掌握液压硫化机的技术及原理,我国已具备液压硫化机的自主开发能力,液压硫化机进入广泛推广阶段。2.国内部分硫化机企业的发展情况2009年11月6日,由益阳橡胶塑料机械集团有限公司自主创新研发制造的,国内最大规格的27164m钢丝蝇芯输送带平板硫化机组新产品通过湖南省经委组织的专家鉴定。它的产成标志着该公司在大型平板硫化机研发制造上又迈上一个新台阶。1220液压硫化机在米其林公司泰国工厂使用三年多,至今为零缺陷反馈,1700液压硫化机在米其林公司阿尔基亚载重子午胎工厂也运行二年半,至今无缺陷反馈。这在我国轮胎厂形成示范作用。福建华橡自控技术股份有限公司厦门研发中心设计研发了新型平带平板硫化机系列机组,其为钢丝绳(织物)芯层输送带平板硫化生产线成套设备,适用于硫化三大类输送带的全功能系列机组,是胶带生产厂家的理想设备,也是华橡年度自主创新和turn-key工程项目之一。四 平板硫化机的发展趋势2.1机械式硫化机正逐渐向垂直升降平移式和垂直升降式高等级轮胎硫化机系列发展。传统机械式硫化机模具连同横梁的运动为升降翻滚型。模具重心的周期化变化会使活络模的运动间隙难以得到有效控制,对提高活络模的精度及寿命不利。 桂林橡胶机械厂通过创新开发出1525垂直升降平移式硫化机,并列入国家级重大新产品项目。2.2液压硫化机的比重将越来越大,正逐渐系列化,产业化毫无疑问世界硫化机的发展方向为液压硫化机。我国由于国情所定,在我国轮胎厂使用最广泛的还是机械式硫化机,估计比例在95%以上。随着高速公路的快速发展,液压硫化机面临最好的发展机遇。国内有十几家轮胎厂少批量使用液压硫化机,有五至六家橡机厂开发出或正在研制液压硫化机。2.3硫化机向高精度化发展子午线轮胎尤其是高等子午线轮胎的发展对硫化机的精度提出越来越高的要求。机械式硫化机的“去翻转化”及液压硫化机产业化的主要目的就是提高上下模具的对中度尤其是重要精度。三明双轮化工机械有限公司在硫化机调模系统中采用特殊的结构,确保上下模具对中重复精度标准:25次均方根小于0.025mm,攻下了美国尚未攻下的难关;桂林橡胶机械厂开发出一种三项精度可调的装胎机构。我国硫化机的精度完全能满足世界著名轮胎公司对轮胎硫化的要求,与世界著名的硫化机厂家比较,我国硫化机在精度上毫不逊色,多项精度指标处于世界领先水平。2.4硫化机的控制系统向智能化,网络化发展控制系统是轮胎硫化机的重要组成部分。我国硫化机厂家不断追踪国内外控制领域的新技术,不懈努力提高硫化机的可靠性,稳定性及自动化程度。外温控制采用PID闭环调节系统。触摸屏工控电脑取代机械式三针记录仪,提高了控制精度,减少了维护费用。同时增加了历史参数查询,产量统计,闪光报警,工艺储存,PLC-I/O监控,网络联接等功能。对硫化机进行群控,每台上位机可以实时监控多达32台硫化机。对轮胎等效硫化进行研究,预计不久将有智能硫化机问世。2.5硫化机的配套件向国际品牌化发展我国硫化机厂家比以往任何时候更注意配套件选择。配套件从大至液压站小至阀门、开关都倾向用进口件。高精度的主机和国际品牌的配套件,使得我国产硫化机具有较高的价格性能比。在与世界著名厂家招标竞争中,我国硫化机往往更具有竞争力,大多不战而胜。我国加入WTO后,进口配套件关税降低,国外著名配套件品牌在我国都有代理商,配套件选用国际品牌的比例会更高。2.6硫化机的研制与轮胎制造技术与工艺的良好结合不同的轮胎制造技术与工艺对硫化设备提出不同的要求。我国硫化机厂家根据不同的轮胎制造技术相继开发成功“皮耐力型”,“米其林型”,“固特异型”“普利司通型”硫化机。桂林橡胶机械厂针对氮气硫化工艺,开发出专用的充氮硫化的中心机构,并获国家专利。北京橡胶工业设计研究院与轮胎厂合作开发出高温硫化机,大大降低硫化时间,改善轮胎硫化质量。最近桂林橡胶机械厂开发出一种“等压变温”硫化新工艺。2.7硫化机标准与国际接轨,更注重产品的安全性我国有硫化机设计,制造的国家标准,需要进一步修正,与国际标准接轨,尤其是在产品安全性方面。桂林橡胶机械厂主导产品硫化机都通过德国TUV公司的CE认证,蒸汽室通过阿斯米压力容器认证。三明化工机械有限公司的2160硫化机通过TUV公司的CE认证。桂林橡胶机械厂和三明化工机械有限公司对硫化机都进行有限元分析。这些措施,主要目的是提高产品的可靠性,安全性。2.8硫化机厂家更重视产品创新,更重视知识产权保护不可否认,我国硫化机曾走过“测绘仿制”道路,但是随着我国加入国际知识产权公约,我国硫化机厂家更注重产品创新,同时运用专利保护自己。在互联网上查询,近两年国内关于硫化机的专利达十多项,其中桂林橡胶机械厂已获专利六项。几乎硫化机的每一个部位都有专利保护。垂直升降机械式硫化机系列就是具有自主知识产权的产品。2.9我国硫化机将更大踏步走向国际市场我国硫化机厂家始终认为我国硫化机市场只是世界硫化机市场的一部分。我国硫化机有着批量出口法国米其林公司,美国固特异公司,日本普利司通等良好记录,这在国际市场上为我国硫化机树起无形广告。同时我国硫化机注重世界市场的开拓,作世界硫化机行业的小巨人。2000年桂林橡胶机械厂将一台重达三十吨的实物摆到ITEC国际橡胶展,2005年又参加ITEC展,这充分体现我们开拓市场的信心和决心。10The main function of vulcanizing press is to provide a pressure and temperature required for vulcanization. Pressure from the hydraulic system through Generating hydraulic cylinders, the temperature (typically steam) is provided by a heating medium. Flat belt vulcanizing machine per rack The structure can be divided into pillar flat belt vulcanizing machine and frame flat belt vulcanizing machine categories; according to the working layer may have single and double the points: Press hydraulic system may have a hydraulic medium and pressure points.I. DefinitionVulcanizing machine is mainly composed of a plunger, cylinder, seals and other components for hydraulic energy transfer components, the pressure of the liquid can be converted into a stimulating and platform movement along the column, the fastening on the platform and on the beam hot plate for pressing mold heated to a certain time, to meet the three elements curing: temperature, pressure and time.Two specifications represent and technical features(A) Specifications indicateSpecifications of vulcanizing press method is more flexible.1. The original methods:(1) hot plate width X length expressed in units of mm.(2) vulcanizing machine nominal tonnage expressed in metric tonnes.(3) mixing the two, said the tonnage / width X length.(Eg: 400X400mm, it indicates the length, width of 400mm; 25T, represents vulcanizing machine nominal tonnage 25 tons; 100 / 600X600, represents the nominal tonnage of 100 tons, the width of the hot plate, a length of 600mm writing on the blackboard.)2, now the national standard methods:(1) Model Products vulcanizing machine as follows:QLB-350X350X2Where Q represents the type of other machinery; L represents sulfide; B represents plate; 350X350X2 the width X length X layers.(Sometimes after QLB plus Q represents steam heating, D represents electric heating. Blackboard)(2) Flat belt vulcanizing machine as follows:DLB-1200X8500X2Where D represents the type of tape machine;(3) V belt Jaw vulcanizing machine as follows:DLE-370X180Where E represents jaw.(B) Technical characteristicsThe main technical features include: type, hot plate size, nominal tonnage layers, hot plate spacing, the maximum stroke of the plunger, the machine size, weight, temperature range, pressure range, how to support and so on.Development status of three vulcanizing machine1. Development Overview of vulcanizerOur vulcanizing machine industry for other machinery industry, the impact of which is smaller by foreign goods, and its own development better in recent years, mechanical curing machine research, development and innovation, is very active has entered a mature stage, the first model specifications truly a series. The beam trajectory curing machine, curing machine manufacturers of the traditional shortcomings lifting doubled transition vulcanizer bold innovation, the development of B-type vertical translation type radial tire vulcanizer machine, RIB-type vertical lift mechanical curing system . Greatly improving the upper and lower mold concentricity especially its repeatability. In the center mechanism type A, B, C-type, RIB type. And B-type use is most prevalent. A type vulcanizing machine because often prone to bead set on the issue, in addition to tire factory special requirements, our factory is gradually phased out curing type A central agency. RIB has gradually been recognized, and now has a RIB 1050,1170,1525 central body.2001 National Key New Product Project: 1700 hydraulic vulcanizing machine included in the 15 national major technical equipment research projects. Through the introduction of hydraulic vulcanizing machine digestion and absorption, has basically mastered the techniques and principles of hydraulic vulcanizing machine, China already has a hydraulic vulcanizing machine self-development capacity, hydraulic vulcanizing machine enters widely stage.2. The domestic part of the development of enterprises vulcanizerNovember 6, 2009, by the Yiyang Rubber & Plastics Machinery Group Co., Ltd. innovation developed and manufactured, the largest size of 2.7 16.4m steel cord conveyor plate curing unit flies new products through expert appraisal organized by the Economic Commission of Hunan Province . It marks the companys production to the large flat vulcanizing machine manufacturing and research and development to a new level.1220 hydraulic vulcanizing machine used in the Michelin factory in Thailand more than three years, so far as the defect feedback 1700 hydraulic vulcanizing machine also runs Al Michelin truck tires Nokia factory and a half years, so far without defects feedback. This forms an exemplary role in Chinas tire plant.Fujian Hua Rubber Automation Technology Co., Ltd. Xiamen R & D center design and development of a new flat vulcanizing machine units with flat, which is a wire rope (fabric) core production line conveyor plate vulcanizing equipment for conveyor belt vulcanization three categories, full-featured series units, is an ideal tape device manufacturer, is one of China Rubber annual innovation and turn-key projects.Development Trend of four flat vulcanizing machine2.1 mechanical curing machine translation is gradually lift and vertical lift grade tire vulcanizing machine development to the vertical.Traditional mechanical curing press mold together with the beam motion to lift tumbling type. Period of change in the mold center of gravity make active mode of movement gap can not be effectively controlled, improving accuracy and active mode of life adversely. Guilin Rubber Machinery Factory 1525 through the development of innovative pan vertically curing press, and included in the national major new product projects.2.2 proportion of hydraulic vulcanizing machine will be increasing, gradually series, industrializationThere is no doubt that the development direction of the world vulcanizing machine hydraulic vulcanizing machine. Due to conditions set by our country, the most widely used or mechanical type vulcanizing machine in Chinas tire plant, the proportion is estimated at more than 95%. With the rapid development of highways, hydraulic vulcanizing machine facing the best opportunity for development. China has more than a dozen small quantities tire factory hydraulic vulcanizing machine, there are five to six rubber factory has developed or is developing hydraulic vulcanizing machine.2.3 vulcanizing machine development to high precisionIn particular, the development of higher radial tire radial tire vulcanizing machine precision higher and higher requirements. Mechanical type vulcanizing machine look through transformation and hydraulic vulcanizing machine industry The main purpose is to increase the upper and lower dies, especially important for moderate accuracy. Sanming wheel Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd. uses the vulcanizing machine transfer mode system, special structure, to ensure that the upper and lower dies for repeatability standard: less than 25 RMS 0.025mm, took over the difficulties the United States has not yet capture; Guilin Rubber Machinery Factory has developed a three adjustable precision tire fitting body. Accuracy of vulcanizing machine can meet the requirements of the worlds leading tire company tire vulcanization, compared with the world-famous curing machine manufacturers, our vulcanizing machine favorably in accuracy, a number of indicators in the world leading level precision.2.4 vulcanizing machine control system to the intelligent, network developmentControl system is an important part of a tire vulcanizing machine. Vulcanizer of domestic and foreign manufacturers continue to track the control areas of new technology and to make unremitting efforts to improve the reliability, stability and degree of automation vulcanizing machine. The outside temperature is controlled by PID closed-loop control system. Touchscreen industrial computer replace mechanical three-pin recorder, improve the control precision, reducing maintenance costs. While increasing the parameter query history, production statistics, flash alarm, craft store, PLC-I / O monitoring, network connection and other functions. Sulfide machine group control, every PC can monitor up to 32 real-time curing machine. Tire vulcanizing equivalent study is expected soon to come out with a smart sulfide.2.5 vulcanizing machine fittings to the international brand developmentOur vulcanizing machine manufacturers to pay more attention than ever before matching pieces to choose from. Accessories from large to small hydraulic valves, switches tend to use imported parts. Precision hosts and international brand parts, so I vulcanizing machine-made with high price performance ratio. In competition with the worlds leading manufacturers bidding, our vulcanizing machine tend to be more competitive, most do not win a battle. Chinas accession to WTO, import tariffs reduced spare parts, spare parts of famous brands in the country have agents, parts selected international brands of proportion will be higher.2.6 Development of a good combination with the tire vulcanizing machine manufacturing technology and processesDifferent tire manufacturing technology and process equipment for curing different requirements. Our vulcanizing machine manufacturers depending on tire manufacturing technology have successfully developed skin endurance, Michelin type, Goodyear type Bridgestone type vulcanizing machine. Guilin Rubber Machinery Factory for nitrogen curing process, the development of a dedicated nitrogen vulcanization of the central body and the national patent. Beijing Rubber Industry Design and Research Institute in cooperation with the tire plant to develop a high-temperature vulcanizing machine, greatly reduce the curing time and improve the quality of tire curing. Recently Guilin Rubber Machinery Factory has developed a isobaric variable temperature curing new technology.2.7 vulcanizing machine standards with international standards, pay more attention to product safetyChina has vulcanizing machine design, national standards for manufacturing, the need for further amendments to international standards, particularly in terms of product safety. Guilin Rubber Machinery Factory main products sulfide through the German TUV company CE certification, the steam chamber through the A Simi pressure vessel certification. 2160 vulcanizer Sanming Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd. CE certification by TUV company. Guilin Rubber Machinery Factory and Sanming Chemical Machinery Co., vulcanizing machines for finite element analysis. These measures, the main purpose is to improve product reliability and safety.2.8 vulcanizing machine manufacturers pay more attention to product innovation, more attention to intellectual property protectionAdmittedly, our vulcanizing machine has gone through mapping imitation road, but with Chinas accession to international conventions on intellectual property, our vulcanizing machine manufacturers pay more attention to product innovation, while the use of patents to protect themselves. Query on the Internet in recent years domestic patent on vulcanizing machine of more than a dozen, including Guilin Rubber Machinery Factory patented six. Almost every part of the vulcanizing machine has patent protection. Vertical lift mechanical curing machine series is with independent intellectual property rights.2.9 of vulcanizing machine will be making strides towards the international marketVulcanizing machine manufacturers have always believed that our country is part of the world market of vulcanizing machine curing machine market. Our vulcanizing machine has exported French Michelin, Goodyear, Japan Bridgestone, good record, this is our vulcanizer erected invisible ads on the international market. At the same time pay attention to the world of vulcanizing machine market development, as the world vulcanizing machine industry small giant. 2000 Guilin Rubber Machinery Factory will weigh thirty tons a kind placed ITEC International Rubber Exhibition, in 2005 took part in ITEC exhibition, which fully reflects our confidence and determination to open up the market.
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