2020版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 23 Conflict讲义 北师大版选修8.doc
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Unit 23 Conflict (一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1nutrition n营养2prejudice n. 偏见3racial adj. 种族之间的4munity n. 社区5alcoholic n. 酗酒者,酒鬼6mercial n. (电视)广告7theoretical adj. 理论的8pass n. 纵联1 指南针,罗盘9allowance n. _零用钱,津贴10confidential adj. 秘密的11firework n. 烟火,烟花12import vt. 进口.重点单词写其形1betray_vt. 出卖2justice n. 公平,公正3promise n. 妥协,让步4departure n. 离开,离去5classify vt. 把分类6subscribe_vi. 订阅(杂志或报纸)7tip n. 有用的建议8contradict vt. 反驳,纠正9greet vt. 问候,致意10sob vi. 抽泣,呜咽11criticise vt. 批评12swear vi. 发誓13acquaintance n纵联2 熟人;相识的人14sponsor vt. 纵联3 赞助15despite prep. 不管16stable adj. 稳固的17unconscious adj.纵联4 失去知觉的18expense n. 费用,开支.拓展单词通其变1immigration n移居;移民入境immigrate vi.移入immigrant n移民2expose vt.暴露;使置身于危险中exposure n暴露3appoint vt.任命,委任appointment n任命,委任;约定appointed adj.约定的4possession n私有物品possess vt.拥有;占有5representative n代表represent vt.代表6distribute vt.分发,分配distribution n分配;配给7consume vt.喝;消费,消耗consumer n消费者consumption n消费8strengthen vt.(使)变强,加强strength n力量;力气strong adj.强壮的9intend vt.想要,打算intention n意图;意向;目的10socialism n社会主义socialist n社会主义者 adj.社会主义的society n社会11adolescent adj.青春期的 n青少年adolescence n青少年时期12remark vt.说起,谈到remarkable adj.不平常的纵联1.“四大发明”全知道pass n指南针,罗盘 printing n印刷术gunpowder n火药 papermaking n造纸纵联2.朋友和周围的人partner n伙伴;同伴 fellow n同伴;伙伴acquaintance n相识的人 roommate n室友,舍友panion n同伴;同事;伴侣 colleague n同事,同僚纵联3.“经济活动”相关动词小结distribute分发,分配 invest投资bid出价;投标 advertise做广告pete竞争 promote促销sponsor赞助纵联4.聚焦“un”前缀形容词uncertain不确定的 unmon不常有的unconscious失去知觉的 unfriendly不友好的unaware不知道的 unfortunate不幸的unfair不公平的 unlikely不可能的unknown未知的 unmarried未婚的单元话题战争与冲突子话题1战争与冲突的类型violence n暴力 argue vi.争辩,争论quarrel vi.争吵,吵架 conflict n冲突,争执terrorism n恐怖主义,恐怖行动fight v打仗(架),与打仗(架)子话题2解决战争与冲突的方法rescue v营救,援救 protest n抗议,反对investigate v调查 defend vt.防守;保卫guard n警卫 withdraw v撤退,离开delegation n代表团;授权,委托 proposal n提议,建议declaration n宣布,宣告 surrender v. 投降;放弃学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2015陕西高考阅读C)It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shadegrown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.写出加黑词在本单元的同根动词:consume写出加黑词在本单元的近义介词:despite,该近义词的同义短语为in_spite_of写出加黑词在本单元的同义词:expense,加黑词所在短语at a higher cost意为比较高的花费2(2014安徽高考阅读C)Some collectors say they started or stopped making collections at important points: the beginning or end of adolescence “its a growingup thing; you stop when you grow up,” says one. Other painful times are mentioned, such as the end of a relationship. For time and life can seem so uncontrollable that a steady serial (顺序排列的) arrangement is forting.写出加黑词在本单元的同根形容词:adolescent,加黑词也可作名词,意为青少年用本单元词汇替换加黑词汇:remarked写出加黑词在本单元的同义词:stable,加黑词也可作动词,意为使镇定3(2013江苏高考阅读D) Twains racial tone was not perfect.One is left uneasy, for example, by the lengthy passage in his autobiography (自传) about how much he loved what were called “nigger shows” in his youth mostly with white men performing in blackface and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them.Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality.His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思:种族之间的写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词:representative,该同根名词也可作为形容词,意为典型的,有代表性的写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思:偏见高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018全国卷书面表达)我特别喜欢篮球,因为打篮球加强了我的身体健康。(strengthen)I_am_particularly_fond_of_basketball_because_playing_basketball_strengthens_my_physical_health.2(2015江苏高考书面表达)很多的事情引起了交通问题。尽管道路和公路的建设规模很大,但由于近年来汽车数量的不断增加,仍有很大的改善空间。(despite)Quite_a_few_things_give_rise_to_the_traffic_problem.Despite_the_largescale_construction_of_roads_and_highways,_there_is_still_much_room_for_improvement_because_of_the_ever_increasing_number_of_cars_these_years.3(2014陕西高考书面表达)作为我们学校的代表,我对你们的到来表示热烈的欢迎。(representative)As_a_representative_of_our_school,_I_would_like_to_express_our_warm_wele_to_you. (二)课堂重点释疑1betray vt.出卖,背叛记牢betray . to .将出卖(泄露)给betray ones trust 辜负某人的信任betray oneself 暴露本来面目;原形毕露练通完成句子The suspect was terrified of saying something that would make him betray_himself.嫌疑犯害怕说出暴露他本来面目的一些事情。It is typical of him never to betray_others_trust.从不辜负别人的信任,那是他一向的风格。The expression on his face betrayed_his_nervousness_to me.他面部的表情向我暴露了他的紧张。写美(2015陕西高考书面表达)我确信我绝不会辜负你的信任。如果你能给予我善意的关注,我将不胜感激。I_am_sure_that_I_will_never_betray_your_trust.I_would_appreciate_it_if_you_could_give_me_a_kind_consideration.2distribute vt.分发,分配;散布,分布记牢(1)distribute sth. to把某物分(配、发)给distribute sth. among 在中分配/分发(2)distribution n. 分发;分配练通单句语法填空The unfair distribution (distribute) of social resources has led to a series of serious problems in China and the government has decided to take measures to improve it.The dealer appointed his assistant to distribute some new TV sets to the poor villages.The teacher was distributing the sweets among the children when a boy burst out crying.写美(2018北京高考书面表达)为了纪念这难忘的一天,活动结束后,大家手里拿着我分发给他们的茶包拍照留念。At_the_end_of_the_activity,_holding_the_tea_bags_distributed_to_them_by_me_in_our_hands,_we_took_a_picture_to_memorize_the_unforgettable_day.3expense n费用,开支记牢at sb.s expenseat the expense of sb.由某人付费at the expense of以(损害)为代价spare no expense 不惜费用;不惜代价free of expense 免费练通完成句子If you are not satisfied, please return it at_our_expense and your money will be given back to you.如果你不满意,请寄还给我们,费用由我们承担,并且你的钱将退还给你。We will spare_no_expense to protect our country from being invaded.我们将不惜一切代价来保护我们的国家不受侵略。His fame was bought at_the_expense_of health and happiness.他获得了名声,牺牲了健康和幸福。写美(2016北京高考书面表达)地球日之前,我们班举行了一场热烈的讨论,大家一致同意,我们不能以牺牲我们的环境为代价发展经济。Before_Earth_Day,_our_class_held_a_heated_discussion.All_agreed_on_the_suggestion_that_we_shouldnt_develop_our_economy_at_the_expense_of_our_environment.4appoint vt.任命,委任;安排,确定记牢(1)appoint sb. to be/as sth. 任命某人为appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事(2)appointment n. 任命,委任;约会make/have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会keep/break an appointment 守/违约练通单句语法填空I have an appointment (appoint) with Mary, but I need to change it.Its said that new headmaster has just been appointed to_manage (manage) the whole school.完成句子Now that you have_made_an_appointment_with_your friend, you should keep_the_appointment.既然你已经和朋友约好了,你就应该守约。I heard him saying to the nurse that he had_an_appointment_with the munity patient at 9:00.我听他给护士说他9点钟与社区的病人有约。Sam has_been_appointed_as/to_be_manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.山姆已经被指定代替乔治担任工程部经理。写美(2016全国卷书面表达)不能和你一起按照约定的时间去书店,我很抱歉。Im_sorry_that_I_cannot_go_to_the_bookstore_with_you_by_the_appointed_time.5possession nC私有物品,财产(pl.); U拥有,占有记牢(1)take/have possession of占有,拥有sb.be in possession of sth.sth. be in the possession of sb.sth. be in ones possession 某物为某人所有(2)possess vt. 具有;占有;控制be possessed of 拥有,具有,占有练通单句改错/句型转换As we all know, the big houses are peoples most valued possession.possessionpossessionsThe car is now in the possession of Tom.Tom is now in possession of the car.完成句子My friend, Bob, _takes_possession_of most of the panys shares, and the rest are _in_the_possession_of other workers.我的朋友 Bob 拥有公司大多数股份,剩余的都由其他的员工持有。Although he doesnt_possess_much_money,_he is_possessed_of good health. 虽然他没有很多钱,但是他拥有健康的身体。用准in possession of“拥有,占有”的主语常是人,表示主动;in the possession of主语常是事物,表示“被占有(拥有)”。与之用法类似的常见短语还有:in charge of“负责”, in the charge of “由负责”;in control of “控制”,in the control of“由控制”。写美(2014全国卷书面表达)那时候我将28岁了。将有自己的家庭,也许会有一个可爱的孩子。I_will_be_twentyeight_years_old_by_then.I_will_possess_my_own_family,_probably_with_a_lovely_child.6intend vt.想要,打算;设计,计划记牢(1)intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事had intended to do sth.intended to have done sth. 本打算做某事(2)intended adj. 打算的;计划的be intended for 专供使用;专为设计(3)intention n. 意图,打算,计划have no intention of doing sth. 不打算做某事;无意做某事with the intention of 为了,以为目的或意图练通单句语法填空I intended to_make/making (make) full use of this summer holiday to travel to the places where I want to go.He intends his secretary to_draw (draw) up the important document.句型转换They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.They_intended to have gone into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.完成句子The advertisement is_intended_for the students of all ages.这个广告是专门针对各个年龄段的学生的。He left his hometown with_the_intention_of looking for a good job in the big city.他离开家乡,打算到大城市寻找一份好工作。Mary has_no_intention_of marrying Tom this winter.Mary没有打算今年冬季嫁给Tom。写美(2014广东高考书面表达)Richard计划40岁生日前找到40位同年同月同日生的人且根据此经历写一本书。Richard_intends_to_find_40_time_twins_before_his_40th_birthday_and_he_is_going_to_write_a_book_based_on_this_experience.7remark vt.& vi.说起,谈到;谈论,评论;察觉 n谈论,评论记牢(1)remark that .评论remark on/upon sth./sb. 就某事/某人发表评论(2)make a remark on/about 就发表意见; 对品头论足(3)remarkable adj. 不平常的;值得注意的be remarkable for be known/famous for 因而著名练通单句语法填空They are remarking on/upon the prosperous look of the countryside.She saw a slow but remarkable (remark) improvement in her classroom performance last year.The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by avoiding making critical remarks (remark)句型转换Its bad manners to remark on the appearance of others.Its bad manners to make a remark on/about the appearance of others.As we all know, China is famous for its long history.As we all know, China is remarkable for its long history.写美(2018全国卷书面表达)更重要的是,欢迎大家参与进来,欣赏这部短片,之后进行热烈的讨论,并发表意见。Whats_more,_everyone_of_you_will_be_wele_to_participate_in_it,_enjoying_the_short_film,_having_a_heated_discussion_afterwards_and_making_a_remark_about_it.8expose vt.显露,露出;暴露;使置身于危险中;揭露;使接触(新事物)辨清写出下列句中expose的含义He smiled suddenly, exposing a set of white teeth. 露出The soldiers were warned to remain hidden and not to expose themselves.暴露The play, Death of a Salesman, exposes the cruelty of the American business world.揭露We want to expose the kids to as much art as possible. 使接触记牢(1)expose . to .使暴露于/面临/遭受(be) exposed to . 暴露于;处于可能受到伤害的境地expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭发某事expose sb. to sth. 使某人接触到某物;使某人面临/遭受某事(2)exposure n. 暴露;揭露练通单句语法填空The newspaper exposed his secret to the public.Travelling abroad exposes children to different languages and cultures.After only a short exposure (expose) to sunlight his face began to turn red.完成句子Everyone is_exposed_to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.无论选择何种生活方式,每个人都暴露在空气污染中。He didnt want to expose_his_fears_to_anyone.他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧。写美He was exposed to the rain and wind last night and he was ill.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)Exposed_to_the_rain_and_wind_last_night,_he_was_ill.9classify vt.编排;分类;归类记牢classify sb./sth. 将某人/某物归类be classified into . 划分成;被分成be classified by . 按照分类be classified as 被划分为练通单句语法填空The novel written by him is classified as a science fiction.The children were classified into different groups according to how much they know.It is required that the books in the library should be classified by subject.写美(2016江苏高考书面表达)说实话,选民有时会感到恼火,不是因为他们讨厌投票,而是因为他们按照情绪和公平分类。To_be_honest,_voters_sometimes_feel_annoyed,_not_because_they_hate_voting,_but_because_they_are_classified_by_emotion_and_fairness.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1She found a pany to sponsor (赞助) her through college.2It is well known that running a car is a great expense (花费)3Her husband always contradicted (反驳) everything she said.4The boys are arguing over the justice (公平,公正) of the matter.5I didnt betray (背叛) my king to another for gold or power.6He became unconscious (失去知觉的) after being hit by a stone.7In the study, families are classified (把分类) according to their ine.8At Jimmys birthday party I was introduced to make the acquaintance (相识) of several successful managers in IT industry.9After a long talk, my parents and I reached a promise (妥协) on my monthly expense.10I subscribe (订阅) to a number of journals concerned with my subject.单句语法填空1They could not agree about the distribution (distribute) of the profits.2He was the schools representative (represent) at the important meeting.3Memory can be classified into shortterm memory and longterm memory.4These houses located in the centre of the city are his personal possessions (possess)5More efforts should be made to strengthen (strength) the connection between the two sides.6He had a good disguise, but as soon as he spoke he betrayed himself (he)7Prolonged (长久的) exposure (expose) to harmful radiation will do great harm to your health.8I was sorry for forgetting our appointment (appoint), because I was so busy.9Im writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday.I intended to_join/joining (join) a Dragon Boat training camp.10The high tax made the consumers (consume) unwilling to buy alcohol, which is weled for most people.单句改错1Personally, I strongly subscribe with this practice for two reasons. withto2The old man intends that his son manages the pany. managesmanage3He is in the possession of a large property in the country. 去掉第一个the4Could you remark in what happened just now? inon/upon5Children exposing to difficult situations are better at handling those challenging tasks. exposingexposed.完成句子1Happiness should not be achieved at_the_expense_of others interests.幸福不能以别人的利益为代价而获得。2To learn English, I have to subscribe_to many magazines.为了学习英语,我必须订阅许多杂志。3Kate is a woman who is_possessed_of a rare intelligence and she is sure to do the work well.Kate是一位拥有罕见智慧的女士,她一定能做好工作。4They had not been_exposed_to most diseases mon to urban populations.城市人口中多数常见的疾病他们都没有接触到。5I was_appointed_to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.我被委派负责安排那天所有的活动。(一)课前自主学习1be_exposed_to处于可能受伤害的境地2hand_over_ 把交给3stand_up_for 保护,维护;保卫4put_forward 串记1 提议,提出5send_for 派人去请/叫6call_in_ 请(某人)7have_a_gift_for 有的天赋8hold_out_ (在困境中)坚持9call_on 要求介入;呼吁10look_down_on 看不起11keep_ones_word 遵守诺言12e_about 串记2 发生13in_peace串记3 和平地14look_into 调查15sort_out 解决(问题或困难);分类16give_in_ 让步,屈服同根短语串记串记1.“提出,提议”短语万花筒put forward bring upbring forward e up withput forth串记2.“发生”一族happen偶然发生 take place发生(安排好的)occur发生;突然想起 e about(已经)发生break out发生,爆发串记3.“inn.”常考短语大全in peace和平地 in return作为报答in trouble陷入困境 in power当权的in vain徒劳的 in store将要发生in place在适当的位置 in conclusion总之in turn轮流 in summary总之;概括起来1act of violence暴力行为2do my own laundry 自己洗衣服3move into the flat 搬进公寓4get a full nights sleep 睡个好觉5after careful consideration 仔细考虑后6go back to normal 恢复正常7show his identification papers to a soldier 把他的证件给一个士兵看8a bad influence on his adolescent son对他青春期的儿子产生了不良影响1Yang Mings neighbours say they were being driven mad being_exposed_to such noise.杨明的邻居们说处于这样的噪音中快要被逼疯了。2Had_they_known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldnt_have_moved into the building.要是知道他们的邻居是个鼓手,他们就不会搬进来了。3No_sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full nights sleep.他们一搬进来,噪音就开始了,他们几乎没有睡过一个囫囵觉。4In fact, the_more_I use the bike, the_more weight I seem to put on, despite following the instruction manual carefully.事实上,尽管我按照说明书认真去做,但是我骑车的次数越多,体重似乎增加的就越多。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词块与句式1(2014浙江高考完形)I sat, stunned (惊呆), for about half an hour, wondering what had just happened. How did I make such a lifechanging difference to that boy without even knowing it?(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)e_about2(2011广东高考阅读B)In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. They are learning how to talk each others language.It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk Dog, and dogs can learn how to talk Cat(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)in_peace高考采撷(二)写作中的词块与句式(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)1(2017浙江高考书面表达)直升飞机一着陆Tom就冲了出去,紧紧地抱住Jane。(no sooner .than .)No_sooner_had_the_helicopter_landed_than_Tom_dashed_out_and_hugged_Jane_tightly.2(2014辽宁高考书面表达)除了出色的创新之外,你还需要给我们提交一份报告,解释你是如何想到这个点子的以及你使用了哪些材料。(hand over)Along_with_your_wonderful_innovation,_you_need_to_hand_a_report_over_to_us,_explaining_how_the_idea_occurs_to_you_and_what_materials_you_use.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1hand over把交给记牢hand down把传下来hand back 归还;交还hand in 上交,提交hand out 分发,散发练通单句语法填空They would catch the robbers and hand them over to the police.It is kind of you to help me hand the books out to everyone.It is required that every student should hand in a paper about their subject.These skills used to be handed down from father to son.写美(2016全国卷书面表达)如果你想加入,你可以把你的照片发到邮箱:intlphotoshowgm.school.。If_you_want_to_join,_you_can_hand_over_your_photos_to_the_email:_intlphotoshowgm.school.2put forward提议,提出;推荐;将提前辨清写出下列句中put forward的含义The plan put forward in the last meeting isnt accepted by everyone.提出I think he is fit for the position; therefore, Ill put him forward as a candidate.推荐You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes to avoid ing late.拨快They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.提前记牢put aside保留;把放在一边;留出(一段时间);储存(备用)put away 把收拾起来;存钱put down 记下,写下;镇压put off 推迟,延期put out 关(灯);出版,发布;生产put up 建造;张贴;安排住宿put up with 忍受;忍耐练通单句语法填空I am so busy that I cant put aside time to acpany my family.Parents are ing back, and youd better put away these things, or the room is in a mess.The school put up a notice to remind the students that the sports meet had been put off until the next weekend.He wont put up with anyone questioning his decisions.写美(2016北京高考书面表达)我们班提出的方案是充分利用使用过的材料。The_plan_put_forward_by_our_class_is_to_make_the_best_of_used_materials.3look into调查;了解记牢look up仰视;查阅look up to sb. 尊敬某人look forward to 盼望look down upon/on 轻视,瞧不起look back on/at 回顾look through 浏览;仔细查看look ahead (to sth.) 展望未来;为将来设想练通单句语法填空She was looking through the document when her secretary walked into her office.He is a famous headmaster who has made contributions to our school, so everyone looks up to him.The children are looking forward to receiving (receive) lucky money in the Spring Festival from their parents or relatives.完成句子You can look_up_abundant_useful_information on the Internet if you can make full use of your puter.如果你充分使用你的电脑的话,你就能查找到很多有用的信息。Nobody will look_up_to_you if you look_down_on/upon_yourself.如果你自己都瞧不起自己,没有人会瞧得起你。It is time for us to look_back_on_the_past_and_look_ahead_to_the_future when the new year es.当新年到来时,该是我们回顾过去、展望未来的时候了。写美(2018全国卷书面表达)我盼望着你的到来并在不久的将来和我一起体验它。Im_looking_forward_to_your_arrival_and_joining_me_in_experiencing_it_in_the_near_future.句式集释- 配套讲稿:
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