2018-2019学年高二英语上学期开学考试试题(含解析).doc
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xx-2019学年高二英语上学期开学考试试题(含解析)第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。In 1977, a dead author of detective stories saved the life of a 19-month-old baby in a most unusual way. The author was Agatha Christie, one of the most successful writers of detective stories in the world.In June 1977, a baby girl became seriously ill in Qatar, near Saudi Arabia. Doctors were unable to find out the cause of her illness with confidence, so she was sent to Hammersmith Hospital in London. She was then only semi-conscious and on the Dangerously Ill list. A team of doctors hurried to examine the baby only to discover that they, too, were confused by the very unusual symptoms (症状). While they were discussing the babys case, a nurse asked to speak to them.Excuse me, said Nurse Marsha Maitlan, but I think the baby is suffering from thallium (铊) poisoning(中毒).What makes you think that? Dr. Brown asked. Thallium poisoning is extremely rare.A few days ago, I was reading a novel called A Pale Horse by Agatha Christie, Nurse Maitlan explained. In the book, somebody uses thallium poison, and all the symptoms are described. Theyre exactly the same as the babys.Youre very thoughtful and you may be right, another doctor said. Well carry out some tests and find out whether its thallium or not.Tests showed that the baby had indeed been poisoned by thallium, a rare metallic substance(物质) used in making special glass. Once they knew the cause of the illness, the doctors were able to give the baby the correct treatment. She soon recovered and was sent back to Qatar. Later it was reported that the poison might have e from an insecticide (杀虫剂) used in Qatar.1. The baby was sent to London because _.A. she was born thereB. the hospitals in Qatar were full at that timeC. she was the daughter of a doctor in LondonD. the Qatar doctors were not sure whether they could cure her2. As far as we can tell from the passage, Agatha Christie _.A. had never met this babyB. had spent a long time studying the babys caseC. visited the baby in the hospital at HammersmithD. gave Nurse Maitlan some advice on the phone3. It seems likely from the passage that the babys illness had something to do with _.A. a dangerous pair of glassesB. the water in QatarC. a harmful substance used to kill insectsD. a dead writer【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C【解析】文章讲述了一个19岁的女孩由于中了铊毒,没人医生能够从病症中知道是什么原因,后来一个护士说她读过一本侦探小说,作者描述的中毒症状和这个女孩子的一模一样,通过已故侦探小说作者对铊毒的描述,使医生知道了病因,女孩很快得救了。【1题详解】细节题。根据文章第二段Doctors were unable to find out the cause of her illness with confidence, so she was sent to Hammersmith Hospital in London.可知是因为无法确诊孩子的疾病才送往伦敦的。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章开头可知Agatha Christie一个侦探作家,本文发生的故事就和他笔下的一篇文章相似,是他救了孩子,确切的说是他写的文章在这里被护士充分利用而拯救孩子的命。并且文章一开始已经交待a dead author,本故事发生时他已经死了,所以他永远也不会看到过这个孩子。故选A。【3题详解】细节题。根据文章最后可知Later it was reported that the poison might have e from an insecticide (杀虫剂) used in Qatar.孩子的病跟杀虫剂有关。故选C。BThe worlds first subway was built in London in 1863. At the time, the government was looking for a way to reduce traffic problems in the city of London. The poor areas of the city were so crowded with people that it was almost impossible for horse carriages to get through. The city officials were interested in trying to make it possible for workers to live outside of London and travel easily to work each day. If people had a cheap and convenient way that they could depend on to go to and from work, they would relocate their homes outside of the city. This would help ease(减轻) the pressure of too many people living in the poor parts of London. From these problems, the idea of the London Underground, the first subway system, was born.The plans for building the Underground met with several problems and delays, but the fast track was finally opened in January 1863. A steam train pulled the cars along the fast underground track which was 6 kilometers (3.7 miles) long. About 30,000 people got on the subway the first day. Riders were treated to fortable seats (standing up while the train was moving was not allowed), and pleasant decorations inside each of the cars. However, the smoke from the engine soon filled the air in the tunnels(隧道) with ash and soot(煤灰), as well as chemical gases. Fans had to be put in the tunnels later to keep the air clean enough for people to breathe. Even with its problems, riding in the Underground did catch on. It carried 9 million riders in its first year.4. What led the British government to build the London Underground?A. Traffic jams and pollution.B. Population and pollution.C. Overcrowding and traffic jams(堵塞).D. The poverty and subway problems.5. How did the London Underground solve the smoke problem?A. It made the tunnels larger.B. It put fans in the tunnels.C. It cleaned the chemical gases in the tunnels.D. It reduced the number of passengers riding in the train.6. Which of the following is TRUE?A. To relocate the workers homes outside London, the government built the subway.B. There were so many problems and delays that in 18th century the first subway opened.C. The subway greatly eased the pressure of traffic.D. There were not enough seats for the passengers the first day the subway opened.7. It seems that the writer is going to talk about _.A. more problems with subways.B. subways around the world later on.C. the history and culture of London.D. the Beijing subway.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. B【解析】文章主要就是介绍了过去和现在的地铁。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“the government was looking for a way to reduce traffic problems in the city of London.”可知,过度拥挤和交通堵塞导致英国建造地铁。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“However,the smoke from the engine soon filled the air in the tunnels with ash and soot(煤灰), as well as chemical gases. Fans had to be put in the tunnels later to keep the air clean enough for people to breathe.”,可知,通过把风扇放在隧道里,伦敦地铁解决了烟雾问题。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。当初建造地铁的目的就是为了缓解交通,最后缓解了英国的交通问题。可知,地铁大大减轻了交通的压力。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后两句Even with its problems, riding in the Underground did catch on. It carried 9 million riders in its first year.可知,这位作家以后会谈论世界各地的地铁。故选B。CHey, ladies! Its summer again and its time for a new you! No more make-up, no more pretending! Yes, thats right! Its time to stop making ourselves beautiful for the camera, and start posting confident pictures without all the make-up and extra tricks we add onto ourselves in the hope of appearing more attractive and beautiful. Because believe it or not, we already are!After we wash our face and go to bed, it is not so perfect. You know it the face we should confidently be showing to the world! Who cares if you have pimples(面痕)or your eyes look small, or if you have crows feet? Guess what? Those are actually what make you such a beautifully grown woman. And any person who doesnt think so is just not as strong as you.Nowadays we are so prone to do anything and everything to make us look as young and perfect as possible. Yet the troth is, by doing this, we are actually making our tree skin get worse and badly affected by all the junk we put on. We are making ourselves believe that by changing our appearance we will be more accepted and seem more attractive to other people. And yet, our final goal is to find that without all of the make-up. What kind of twisted(扭曲的)game are we really playing with ourselves?So I would like to make a suggestion for all women out there to give yourself a break at least this summer. Take a couple of pictures without all of that make-up on. You dont need it every single day, especially not this hot summer! Youll be surprised that the more confident you are about showing the real side of you, the more attractive you will be to everyone else.Yes, the saying, “Beauty es from within” is an old one, definitely still holds some troth today. So be brave, carefree, and make-up free! Let the world see you for who you really are!8. The author thinks that ladies should show others _.A. their crows feetB. their beautiful picturesC. their real face with confidenceD. their attractive appearance9. What does the author think of adding make-up to our face?A. It makes perfect images.B. Its really meaningless.C. It makes true images go outdated.D. Its hard to achieve what we wish.10. What is the authors purpose of quoting the old saying?A. To declare its what one really is that matters.B. To show the importance of adding make-upC. To give us some examples of adding make-up.D. To tell us not to neglect those old sayings.11. What is the topic of this text?A. Spending more time being with families and friends.B. Not putting on any make-up on our face this summer.C. Paying enough attention to ourselves in this summer.D. Showing the beautiful side of ourselves to others.【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B【解析】试题分析:文章论述了敢于以真面孔示人的女士才是自信的女人这一话题。【8题详解】C细节理解题。根据第一二段的内容可知,作者认为女士们应当自信地以真面孔示人,故选C项。【9题详解】D推理判断题。根据第三段的We are making ourselves believe thatWhat kind of twisted game are we really playing with ourselves?可知,作者认为化妆实际上是一个扭曲的游戏,带来的效果可能会与我们的初衷相反,结果必定差强人意,故选D项。【10题详解】A推理判断题。作者在最后一段中以一句谚语“Beauty es from within”结束本文,是为了说明我们的真实面孔才更重要,故选A项。【11题详解】B主旨大意题。文章首段和末段都出现了作者在本文的论点,So be brave, carefree, and make-up free! Let the world see you for who you really are! 即“建议女士不要化妆了”,故选B项。【名师点睛】主旨大意题。主要考查学生对所读材料(或所读材料片断)中心思想的概括。做这类题时,考生应通读全文,把握文章大意或中心思想,同时注意文章的主题句,因为主题句表达中心思想,其他句子均围绕主题句进行展开。主题句通常位于文章第一段首句、第一段末句或全文末句等地方,但位于段落中间(通常是第一段或最后一段的中间)也是完全可能的。同时,主题词关键词也是非常重要的,有时候可以直接看出答案。主旨大意题的考查形式很多,如概括标题、主题、段意、中心思想等。考点 :日常生活类阅读DI grew up with a fat dad 450 pounds at his heavi-est. Every week he would try a new diet, and my familyended up eating whatever strange food he was trying atthat moment.After my third-grade year, my dad landed a life-changing job in Manhattan. My mom, my little sister andI had to move away from our hometown, Chicago, andleave my grandmother and her beautiful food behind.Leaving my grandmother was far more frighteningthan the move to New York City. There would be nomore special weekends at my grandmother s house, the on-ly place I can remember feeling happy, safe and nourished (f#J). It was what I desired. In this new city, I felt ex-tremely alone and lost, and I missed my grandmother ter-ribly.My grandmother knew just how I felt. And she knewthe cure. Every week, she would send me a card with a$ 20 bill, a recipe and a list of what to buy at the mar-ket. It kept us bonded, and her recipes filled my bodyand soul, IOver the years, I have grown to better understandmy father s struggles with weight and the toll (ftft ittook on him and those who love him. I have e to real-ize he was driven not by vanity ( fn ) or selfishness as much as by a deep pain, I And in spite of growing up insuch an unhealthy eating environment ( or perhaps be-cause of it), as an adult I found a passion and a career as a nutrition consultant,Today, my father weighs 220 pounds and is a vegan(K). How he got there is a story I hope to share inthe ing weeks. More importantly. food is no longer a barrierthatkeepsusapart,butabridgethatkeepsusconnected.Thereisnothingmydadenjoysmorethantalkingwithmeaboutdietarytheoriesandhisweight-loss victories.AndnowIamtheoneregularlysendingrecipe cardstomyfathershouse,justasmygrandmotherdid forme.12. What kind of person was actually the authors father?A. He was a man of vanity and selfishness.B. He didnt like to eat with his family.C. He was more painful than selfish,D. He forced his family to eat what he liked.13. The author desired to go to his grandmothers_.A. to see his father B. for tasty foodC. for pocket money D. to avoid his family14. The underlined word cure in Paragraph 4 is the nea- rest in meaning to_.A. solution B. concernC. operation D. situation15. The author became a nutrition consultant mainly be- cause_.A. his father often talked with him about dietary theo- riesB. he was determined to change his own daily habitsC. he wanted to study the recipes his grandmother had given himD. his childhood experiences gave him too deep an im-pression【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候,爸爸很胖,每周都需要尝试一种新的食物来减肥,全家人都不得不与爸爸一起“试吃”,为此作者对爸爸意见很大。后来随着年龄的增长,作者对父亲也有了更深的理解,在选择职业时也选了营养师这份工作。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第一、二句“Over the years.I have e to realize.as much as by a deep pain.”可知,这些年来,作者逐渐理解了父亲,意识到他苦苦地与自己的体重作斗争,不是虚荣和自私,而是对于自己的体重感到深深的痛苦。由此可知,C项内容与题意相符。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二、三段内容可知,作者和家人一起搬到了曼哈顿,离开了祖母还有她做的精致美食,以致作者非常想念祖母,特别渴望去她的家里品尝美味佳肴。故选B。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词前后内容可知,作者的祖母知道作者心中的想法,每周会给作者寄20美元,一个食谱还有一个购物单。结合选项可推知,画线词所在句子意思是作者的祖母知道解决的办法。因此画线词的意思与选项中solution的词义最为接近。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“And in spite of growing up in such an unhealthy eating environment.I found a passion and a career as a nutrition consultant.”可知,尽管在一个如此不健康的饮食环境中成长(也许正是因为这一点),作者长大后成为了一个营养咨询师。由此可知,作者童年的经历给他留下了很深的印象,因此,作者后来成为一名营养咨询师。故选D。【点睛】做推理判断题时要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息,即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断,利用逆向思维或正面推理,从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。本题第1小题,根据第五段第一、二句“Over the years.I have e to realize.as much as by a deep pain.”可知,这些年来,作者逐渐理解了父亲,意识到他苦苦地与自己的体重作斗争,不是虚荣和自私,而是对于自己的体重感到深深的痛苦。由此可知,C项内容与题意相符。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What Teenagers Can Do To Earn More RespectAs teenagers continue to grow and develop into young adults, the transition(过渡) into adulthood has begun. With so many physical and emotional changes going on, certain manners are often forgotten and other adult traits(特点) are not yet accepted as a way of life. _16_By doing the following things, you will earn more respect.Contribute to the household(家庭)At the very least, clean up after yourself. As a teenager, you are old enough to clean up after yourself. When you make a mess, clean it up. _17_. All chores(家务) that you do help to reduce the load of the person who did them before. Now that youre old enough and capable, why shouldnt you contribute to the household? _18_.Be responsible_19_. Whether they are basic things, like brushing your teeth or doing your homework, or more involved chores that contribute to the household, simply fulfill (履行) your responsibilities on time. When adults know that they can rely on you, their trust and respect for you will increase.Solve more of your own problem without asking for helpInstead of taking the easy approach and asking for help, make an effort to solve your problems on your own first. The easy way is only easy for you, but it is an extra task for the person from whom you are seeking help. Seek help only after you have make an honest effort to solve your own problems. _20_. When you bee a good problem solver, you increase your valve to the munity.A. Everyone has certain responsibilities.B. By being aware of these manners and traits, you can manage them sooner.C. The people doing the chores before will greatly appreciate the help.D. This includes, but is not limited to, your dishes and your room.E. It will make your life more pleasant.F. Depending on the problem, 15 minutes of effort is usually a good guideline.G. When speaking to a group, speak loud enough.【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. F【解析】本篇文章是关于青少年要如何赢得别人尊敬和信任的几点建议。首先要学会在家里帮忙做家务,即使从最简单的洗碗叠被做起。其次,要学会负责任,哪怕是自己个人卫生也要做好。最后,要学会独立解决问题。当把这些都做好的时候,人们对你的信任也就随之而来了。【16题详解】考查上下文的推理判断能力。前句中出现的manners和traits以及后句的句式和B选项的句式以及句中的these manners和traits恰好呼应,语义上也能起到承上启下的作用,所以判断B选项正确。【17题详解】考查上下文的推理判断能力。前句讲你应该学会自己收拾卫生,而D选项This includes. But is not limited to , your dishes and your room. “这包括在内,但不能局限在收拾自己碗筷和房间上”恰好能承接上文,故D选项正确。【18题详解】考查上下文的推理判断能力。本段内容是建议青少年要学会做家务活来帮助家人。所以所填句子应该和做家务帮忙有关,而且从段落安排上看,最后一句话应该起到总结概括作用,由此判断C选项正确。句意:“如果你帮忙做家务,那么平时做这种家务的人会很感激。”【19题详解】考查上下文的推理判断能力。由后句Whether they are basic things, 可以推断前句应该出现they所替代的名词,而根据下文举的例子like brushing your teeth or doing your homework 等可知A选项符合语境,能引领下文。句意:每个人都有某些责任。故A为正确选项。,【20题详解】考查上下文的推理判断能力。在本段中作者建议人们不要轻易向人求助,要在自己努力而未果的情况下去找人帮忙,纵观选项,只有F选项符合语境,能承接上文。第三部分 语言运用(共四节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)Mum said they might not be back until after eleven. My brother Greg and I _21_ to play hide -and- seek (捉迷藏). But there was not much _22_ except in the front room. The _23_ was that we were not allowed in there by ourselves._24_, we just took the risk.Once there, both of us were cautious and moved about _25_ for some while. Then, when I hid behind a tapestry(壁毯), _26_ by my brother, I jumped out. With a sense of _27_, I felt my right elbow (手肘) striking (撞击) something hard. We heard a crash. Even _28_ we dared to look, we knew that the vase lay broken.When Mum and Dad came home and viewed the pieces, we knew any _29_ would only serve to fuel their anger. Mum ordered us to sit on the bare floor, beside the ruin. She cried, “How _30_ the two of you have done this?” Greg and I, too _31_ to cry, could voice no answer. After a while, she _32_ us and stayed there alone by herself, much like a statue.Greg and I _33_ throughout that night, struggling to decide what we might do to _34_for it. We hoped with the money we had saved we might just have _35_ to buy a vase. The next day, we set off to search _36_ every local shop until we found a good copy.When we _37_ home in silence, we _38_ Mum and Dad with what wed bought. Dad _39_ out, took it from Greg and then passed it to Mum. She sighed, “You broke our Ming vase.” But we believed they knew we were _40_.21. A. decided B. expected C. pretended D. happened22. A. time B. space C. light D. work23. A. puzzle B. reason C. problem D. answer24. A. Besides B. Instead C. Therefore D. Anyway25. A. freely B. quickly C. excitedly D. carefully26. A. heard B. followed C. discovered D. taken27. A. excitement B. horror(惊恐) C. joy D. disappointment28. A. after B. before C. when D. until29. A. permission B. information C. explanation D. instruction30. A. must B. might C. could D. would31. A. polite B. frightened C. angry D. stupid32. A. questioned B. answered C. dismissed(打发走) D. forted33. A. slept B. listened C. worked D. talked34. A. make up B. carry on C. look after D. get away35. A. more B. enough C. less D. some36. A. after B. through C. with D. for37. A. remained B. stayed C. arrived D. left38. A. spared B. served C. connected D. presented39. A. came B. reached C. watched D. cried40. A. sorry B. proud C. delighted D. amused【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和弟弟Greg在家里玩捉迷藏,结果打碎了爸爸妈妈的明代花瓶,为了弥补这一过失,用节省下来的钱在当地商店买了一个复制品。但作者相信爸妈知道他们很抱歉。【21题详解】考查动词。A. decided决定;B. expected期盼;C. pretended假装;D. happened发生。根据My brother Greg and I _1_ to play hide -and- seek (捉迷藏).可知,我哥哥Greg和我决定玩躲猫猫。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词。A. time时间;B. space空间;C. light 光;D. work工作。根据But there was not much _2_ except in the front room.可知,但是除了在前面的房间外,没有太多的空间。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词。A. puzzle疑惑;B. reason理由;C. problem问题;D. answer回答。根据The _3_ was that we were not allowed in there by ourselves.可知,问题是我们自己不被允许进入那里。故选C。【24题详解】考查副词。A. Besides另外;B. Instead反而;C. Therefore因此;D. Anyway无论如何。根据_4_, we just took the risk.可知,不管怎样,我们只是冒了风险。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词。A. freely自由地;B. quickly迅速地; C. excitedly兴奋地; D. carefully细心地。根据Once there, both of us were cautious and moved about _5_ for some while.可知,在那里,我们俩都很谨慎,在一段时间里小心翼翼地移动着。故选D。【26题详解】考查副词。A. heard听见;B. followed跟随;C. discovered发现;D. taken拿走。根据when I hid behind a tapestry(壁毯), _6_ by my- 配套讲稿:
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