过去分词讲解课件公开课.ppt
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Welcome,过去分词,ThePastParticiple,过去分词,1构成2含义3功能4区别5练习,一构成:v+ed或不规则的变化动词例如:want-wanted-wanteddo-did-donego-went-gone二过去分词本身的含义:被动或完成fallenleavesreturnedstudentsagrown-updaughterabrokenheartarespectedleaderarecently-builthouse,三.功能1.Atthattime,suchthingwasaforbiddentopictobetalkedabout.2.Manyusedcarswillbesoldinthismarket.3.Hebecameinterestedintwotheories.4.Shelookedworried.5.Shefoundhernecklacegoneonherwayhome.6.Heisgongtohavetheroompainted.,定语,定语,表语,表语,宾补,宾补,现在分词:表示动作是主动的和正在进行过去分词:表示动作是被动的和完成,分词在句中可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。,I.Pastparticipleusedasattributes(定语),1.位置:单个分词位于名词前,短语则在名词后,被过去分词所修饰的名词,就是该分词的逻辑主语。,Thestolencarwasfoundbythepolicelastweek.Thespeakeransweredallthequestionsraisedbytheaudience.,2.作用-相当于一个定语从句,(2)Thebook,writtenin1957,tellsthestruggleoftheminers.,=Isthereanythingthathasbeenplannedfortonight?,(1)Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?,=Thebook,whichwaswrittenin1957,tellsthestruggleoftheminers.,注:Theproblem(discussedyesterday)hassomethingtodowithdailylife.(表示完成)Theproblem(beingdiscussednow)hasnothingtodowithdailylife.(表示正在进行),II.Pastparticiplesusedaspredictive(表语)1.过去分词作表语,表示主语所处的状态,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。Thewindowisbroken.Theinnergatewaslocked.Shewasgreatlyexcited.,2.与现在分词作表语的区别。现在分词:主语的特征或性质,“令人”,有主动意思。,e.g.Howdisappointingtheelectionis!,过去分词:主语的感受,“感到”,有被动意思。,e.g.Theyfeeldisappointedattheelection.,常见的这类此有:interestinginterestedencouragingencourageddelightingdelighteddisappointingdisappointedpleasingpleasedpuzzlingpuzzledsatisfyingsatisfiedsurprisingsurprisedworrying-worried,III.PastparticipleusedastheObjectComplement(宾语补足语),1.表“希望,要求”的动词:want,wish,expect,wish,like,order+(tobe)done表示“希望/要求某人或某事被”,e.g.Iwantthework(tobe)finishedbySunday.,Jimorderedtheroom(tobe)cleaned.,2.表“感觉,心理状态”的动词:,see,hear,find,feel,think,watch,notice+object(宾语)+p.p.,e.g.Wesawthethiefcaughtbythepolice.Peoplefoundthewaterpolluted.HaveyouheardapopsongsunginJapanese?,过去分词,不定式,现在分词作宾补的区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系,但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系,不带to的不定式强调动作发生的全过程,现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系,正在进行。,Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.,Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.,Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.,3.使役动词:,make,get,have,keep,leave,etc.,e.g.Wemustgetthetableclothwashed.=Wemustasksomebodytowashthetablecloth.Hehadhiswatchrepaired.,4.在“with/without宾语宾补(过去分词)”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。,e.g.Doyouknowthemanwithhishairtiedback?,作定语时可用定语从句代替Heisarespectedleader.=Heisaleader_.Isthisthebookrecommendedbyyourteacher?=Isthisthebook_byyourteacher?,whoisrespected,whichwasrecommended,1.amovingfilmthemovedpeople2.boilingwaterboiledwater3.fallingleavesfallenleaves现在分词强调动作正在进行,侧重于主动。过去分词强调动作已经完成,侧重于被动;,四、1分词作定语的区别,过去分词作定语与其它非谓语形式的区别:1.过去分词done表示被动和完成;2.现在分词的主动式doing表示主动的、正在进行的动作;3.现在分词的被动式beingdone表示被动的、正在进行的动作;4.不定式的主动式todo表示一个将要发生的主动动作;5.不定式的被动式tobedone则表示一个将要发生的被动动作,_yesterdayThemeeting_now(hold)_tomorrowisofgreatimportance.(hold),held,beingheld,tobeheld,A.Nobodywas_inthestoryhetold.B.Thestoryhetoldwasvery_.(interested,interesting)2.A.Everybodywas_tohearthenews.B.Thenewsisvery_indeed.(excited,exciting),interested,interesting,excited,exciting,四、2分词作表语的区别,A.Nobodywas_inthestoryhetold.B.Thestoryhetoldwasvery_.(interested,interesting)2.A.Everybodywas_tohearthenews.B.Thenewsisvery_indeed.(excited,exciting),-ing表示令人.,-ed表示感到,Iheardsomeone_(call)mewhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.Iheardmyname_(call).,calling,called,四、3分词作宾补的区别,接现在分词时,表示动作正在发生或进行,或正要做分词表示的动作;,接过去分词时,表被动或完成。,Isawhim_.,scold,scoldedbyhismother,Isawhismother_.,scoldinghim,Isawhim_.,bite,bittenbyadog,Isawthedog_.,bitinghim,WehaveanEnglishteacher_(call)Janet.WehaveanEnglishteacherwho_(call)Janet.Whoweretheguests_(invite)tohisconcertlastmonth?Who_(invite)tohisconcertlastmonth?,四、4pp与be+pp分词作宾补的区别,called,wascalled,invited,wereinvited,done是非谓语动词,bedone是谓语动词,有自己的独立主语。,Competethesentencesusingtherightformofthegivenverb.Ihadnothingtodo.Iwas_(bore)andlonely.Jacklookedevenmore_(amaze)thanhefelt.Theresultswerevery_(disappoint).Iwasthankedbythe_(satisfy)customer.Thegirl_(dress)inredismydaughter.LastMondayourclasswentonan_(organise)trip.,bored,amazed,disappointing,satisfied,dressed,organised,Asisknowntousall,travelingis_,butweoftenfeel_whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiringC.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired,A,练习二:单选,2.Hearingthe_news,weallfelt_.A.encouraging,encouraging,B.encouraged,encouragedC.encouraged,encouragingD.encouraging,encouraged,D,3.Fromthedates_onthegoldcoin,itisconfirmedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarked,B,4.The_lookinherfacesuggestedthatshe_itbefore.surprising,wouldntknowsurprised,hadntknownsurprising,hadntknownsurprised,shouldntknow,B,5BeingpooratEnglish,ImafraidIcantmakemyself_.A.understandB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understood,D,6Ihavehadmybike_,andImgoingtohavesomebody_myradiotomorrow.A.repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepairedC.repaired;repairD.torepair;repairing,C,7Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem_soquickly.A.settledB.havingbeensettledC.besettledD.settling,settle解决,A,8.Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled,c,9.Helenhadtoshout_abovethesoundthemusic.A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard.,D,10.Thefirsttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.writtenD.beingwritten,C,过去分词,1构成2含义3功能4区别5练习,Thanksforlistening!,- 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